WO2015143918A2 - 自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法 - Google Patents

自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015143918A2
WO2015143918A2 PCT/CN2015/000074 CN2015000074W WO2015143918A2 WO 2015143918 A2 WO2015143918 A2 WO 2015143918A2 CN 2015000074 W CN2015000074 W CN 2015000074W WO 2015143918 A2 WO2015143918 A2 WO 2015143918A2
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Prior art keywords
blade
disc
cutting
self
blades
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PCT/CN2015/000074
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2015143918A3 (zh
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张安全
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张安全
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Publication of WO2015143918A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015143918A2/zh
Publication of WO2015143918A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015143918A3/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/12—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by sharpening the cutting member
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/73—Cutting apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0033—Cutting members therefor assembled from multiple blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/006—Cutting members therefor the cutting blade having a special shape, e.g. a special outline, serrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a harvester self-sharpening disc cutter blade and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the rectangular shape is 1 as shown in Fig. 1
  • the trapezoidal is 2 as shown in Fig. 1
  • the curved one is 3 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • They are all light edges and are used very much. It becomes dull for a short period of time, the cutting resistance increases, the energy consumption increases, the mechanical advance speed slows down, and the efficiency decreases.
  • the cutting of the crops has a tearing phenomenon, which reduces the germination rate of perennial sugar cane and caragana in the coming year and reduces the yield.
  • research institutes in universities and colleges have done some research.
  • the blade of the Caragana harvester compound cutter developed by Ma Yongkang of Shanxi Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station is a diagonal fan type as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the helical teeth on the blade surface and the angle teeth with a diameter of 45 degrees are linear.
  • the advantages of saw blade cutter and disc cutter are more labor-saving and can prolong the service life, but there is no self-sharpening effect. (This paragraph is from the Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University, 2006, Issue 2, Journal of Agricultural Machinery, Vol. 38, No. 7, July 2007)
  • the newly developed self-sharpening disc cutter blade has an arc-shaped tooth pattern concentric with the cutter disc shaft.
  • a commonly used rectangle has a rectangle as shown in FIG. 3, a trapezoid as shown in FIG. 3, and a curved shape as shown in FIG.
  • the movement speed of each point on the tooth is the same as the arc direction of the point. It has the effect of self-sharpening, and it does not need to sharpen the knife during work, and it always maintains a sharp state.
  • self-sharpening blades have long replaced light-blade blades.
  • Self-sharpening disc cutters can also replace light-edge disc cutters in the harvesting of thick stalk crops such as sugar cane, caragana, corn, ramie and reed.
  • the supported disc cutter has a rotational speed of 6-10 m/s, and the reciprocating cutting device has a cutting speed of 1.5 m/s.
  • the use of a self-sharpening disc cutter instead of a reciprocating cutter can improve the forward speed and efficiency of the harvester. The vibration of the rotating cutter head is small, so that the harvester works smoothly.
  • FIG 1 shows three types of light-blade disc cutter blades
  • Figure 2 shows the composite cutter diagram developed by Ma Yongkang.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of three self-sharpening disc cutter blades
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the processing method of the self-sharpening disc cutter blade
  • Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the processing method of the self-sharpening disc cutter blade 2
  • a plurality of oblique irons 2 are fixed on the disc 3 (or on the rotating table), and the center of the circle is evenly distributed.
  • the base angle B of the inclined iron is equal to the blade angle ⁇ of the blade.
  • the optical blade 1 is fixed on the inclined iron 2 so that the blade edges and the disk surface are equidistant, the distance between the outer end of the blade and the core is equal to the radius of the cutter disk, and the position of the blade on the disk And the cutting blade edge is in the same position as the cutter head.
  • the blade face M is parallel to the disk face.
  • the disc mounted on the machine tool rotates, and the tool can machine the blade with the concentric arc-shaped tooth on the M surface. It is also possible to first machine a blade of concentric curved teeth to punch out a curved toothed blade.
  • the figure takes a rectangular blade as an example, and the others are similar.
  • Processing method 2 As shown in FIG. 5, the position of the light-cutting blade 1 and the center of the circle and the diameter are fixed to the disk 2 as in the case of operation, and the machining tool 3 is mounted on the shaft and the disk 2 intersects with the cutting blade edge.
  • the ⁇ is equal, perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the axis of the disk 2 intersects the disk 4 on the plane of the beveled surface M, which is the common center of the disk 2 and the disk 4.
  • the angle between the plane of motion of the machining tool and the plane of the disk 2 and the edge angle ⁇ of the cutting blade, the plane of motion of the tool and the slope M of the blade edge are parallel, and the machining tool can be rotated around the axis to be machined on the blade bevel M.
  • a curved tooth pattern concentric with the disk 2. The two blades on the figure are used for positive and negative two cutters.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明研究了收割机自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法，目前的圆盘割刀刀片都是光刃的，或齿向和运动方向不同，没有自磨锐的作用。新研制的刀片具有和刀盘轴同心的弧形齿纹，齿纹上每点的弧度都和该点的转动方向相同，刀片具有自磨锐的作用。全世界收割机往复式切割装置早都用具有自磨锐作用的刀片代替光刃刀片。同心弧形齿纹的自磨锐刀片可代替光刃刀片用于圆盘割刀。如图所示，在圆盘3上和圆心等距离均匀固定几块斜铁2，斜铁的底角β和刀片的刃角α相等，把光刃刀片1固定在斜铁2上，使刀片刃的位置和工作时在割刀盘的位置同，和圆盘等距。圆盘在机床上转动时，工作刀具可在刀片刃面M上加工出同心的弧形齿纹刀片。

Description

自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种收割机自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法。
背景技术
目前使用的圆盘割刀刀片常用的有三种，矩型的如图1中的1，梯形的如图1中的2，曲线形的如图1中的3，它们都是光刃，使用很短一段时间变钝，切割阻力增加，能耗增加，机械前进速度减慢，效率降低。作物的割茬有撕裂的现象，使多年生的甘蔗、柠条来年的发芽率降低减少产量。长期以来，大专院校科研单位做了一些研究。如山西农业机械化技术推广总站马永康研制的柠条收割机复合式切割器的刀片为斜扇型如图2所示，刃面上开有斜齿和直径成45度的角齿为直线型，有锯片割刀和圆盘割刀的优点，切割较省力，能适当延长使用寿命，但是没有自磨锐的作用。(此段资料出自山西省农业大学学报2006年第二期，农业机械学报第38卷第七期2007年7月)
发明内容
新研制的自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片具有和割刀盘轴同心的弧形齿纹，常用的有矩形如图3的1，梯形如图3的2，曲线形如图3的3。工作时齿上每点的运动速度都和该点的弧形方向相同，具有自磨锐的效果，工作时不用磨刀，一直保持锋利的状态。在全世界收割机的往复式切割装置中，自磨锐刀片早已取代了光刃刀片。自磨锐圆盘割刀也可取代光刃圆盘割刀在甘蔗、柠条、玉米、苎麻、芦苇等粗茎杆作物收割中发挥作用。有支撑的圆盘割刀转速为6-10m/s，往复式切割装置切割速度为1.5m/s，用自磨锐圆盘割刀取代往复式割刀可提高收割机前进速度和效率。转动刀盘震动小，使收割机工作平稳。
附图说明
图1为三种光刃圆盘割刀刀片图
图2为马永康研制的复合式切割器图
图3为三种自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片图
图4为自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片加工方法1说明图
图5为自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片加工方法2说明图
具体实施方式
加工方法1：如图4在圆盘3上(或转动工作台上)固定几块斜铁2，和圆心等距离均匀分布。斜铁的底角B和刀片的刃角α相等。如图把光刃刀片1固定在斜铁2上，使各刀片刃和圆盘面等距，刀片的外端和盘心的距离和割刀盘的半径相等，刀片刃在圆盘上的位置和割刀片刃在割刀盘位置同。这样刀刃面M和圆盘面平行。装在机床(或工作台)上的圆盘转动，刀具可在M面上加工出和圆盘同心弧形齿纹的刀片。也可先加工出同心弧形齿纹的模具冲压出弧形齿纹的刀片。图以矩形刀片为例，其他类同。
加工方法2：如图5所示，把光刃割刀片1和圆心和直径的位置像工作时一样固定在盘2上，把加工刀具3装在转轴和盘2轴相交成和割刀片刃角α相等，和割刀刃垂直，和盘2轴线相交于刃角斜面M所在平面上的圆盘4上，两轴线交点是盘2和盘4的共同圆心。这样加工刀具的运动平面和盘2平面的夹角和割刀片的刃角α等，刀具的运动平面和刀片刃角的斜面M平行，加工刀具绕轴旋转可在刀片刃角斜面M上加工出和盘2同心的弧形齿纹。图上两刀片为正反转两刀盘用。

Claims (3)

  1. 收割机自磨锐圆盘割刀和普通圆盘割刀相同之处是：它们的切割速度高转动平稳，切割力强，适用于粗茎干作物的切割，如甘蔗、玉米柠条、芦苇、苎麻、高粱、大豆、棉杆，不同之处是自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片具有和刀盘同心的弧形齿纹，刀盘工作时齿纹上每点的运动方向和该点的弧度方向一致，具有自磨锐的作用，工作中不用磨刀仍能保持刀片锋利，利用有支撑的自磨锐圆盘割刀也可用于稻、麦的收割，有支撑圆盘割刀切割速度为6-10米/秒，往复式的切割速度为1.5米/秒，用自磨锐圆盘割刀可大大提高收割机前进的速度。
  2. 自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片的制造方法1：在圆盘(或转动工作台上)均匀地固定几块斜铁，铁块的外端和圆心的距离与割刀盘的半径相等，斜铁的斜面和圆盘平面所成的锐角等于刀片的刃角，把光刃刀片固定在斜铁上，使刀片刃角的斜面和圆盘面平行，使刀片外端和圆盘中心的距离等于割刀盘的半径，刀片刃和圆盘的距离相等，刀片刃位置和割刀片刃在割刀盘位置同，把圆盘装在机床上，圆盘或转动工作台转动，工作刀具可在刀片斜刃面上加工出和圆盘同心的弧形齿纹刀片，可用车铣挤压的方法加工，也可用上法加工出同心弧形齿纹的刀片模具用冲压方法加工刀片，上面的说明是以矩形刀片为例，其他形状类同。
  3. 自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片的加工方法2：把光刃割刀片和圆心和直径位置像工作时一样固定一盘上，把加工刀具装在转轴和装割刀片的盘轴线相交成和刀片刃角相等，和割刀刃垂直，和装割刀片的盘轴线交于割刀片刃角斜面所在平面上的圆盘上，两盘轴线交点是两盘共有中心，这样加工刀具的运动平面和装割刀片盘平面的夹角和割刀片的刃角相等，和割刀片刃角的斜面平行，这样加工刀具绕轴旋转可在割刀片斜刃面上加工出和装割刀片盘同心的弧形齿纹。
PCT/CN2015/000074 2014-02-08 2015-02-02 自磨锐圆盘割刀刀片及其制造方法 WO2015143918A2 (zh)

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CN201410048379.3A CN104823596B (zh) 2014-02-08 2014-02-08 自磨锐圆盘割刀弧形齿纹刀片及其制造方法
CN201410048379.3 2014-02-08

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CN108934437A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-07 中国农业大学 一种刀片滑切辅助装置及甘蔗根切器

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CN110431986A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-12 山东省农业机械科学研究院 一种青贮机用切割刀具及切割刀盘及青贮机

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CN108934437B (zh) * 2018-08-24 2024-03-29 中国农业大学 一种刀片滑切辅助装置及甘蔗根切器

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