WO2015022967A1 - 温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置 - Google Patents
温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015022967A1 WO2015022967A1 PCT/JP2014/071334 JP2014071334W WO2015022967A1 WO 2015022967 A1 WO2015022967 A1 WO 2015022967A1 JP 2014071334 W JP2014071334 W JP 2014071334W WO 2015022967 A1 WO2015022967 A1 WO 2015022967A1
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- temperature measuring
- temperature
- tool
- unit
- tool holder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/04—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies
- G01K13/08—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies in rotary movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a temperature measurement method and a temperature measurement device for a rotary tool itself used for processing.
- the present invention relates to a temperature measuring method and a temperature measuring device during processing of a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece, a temperature measuring method of a rotary tool such as a welding torch, and a temperature measuring device.
- the performance evaluation of cutting fluids used for machining of workpieces has been conducted to determine how much tool wear can be suppressed (long tool life) and how much the surface quality can be improved. (Is the finished surface finished beautifully)?
- the performance evaluation of cutting fluids is realized by measuring the wear of cutting tools used for cutting with NC lathes and machining centers and measuring the surface roughness of workpieces. Takes time and effort. Therefore, there is a problem that these measuring methods are difficult to apply to the selection and development of cutting fluids.
- the individual simple and accurate temperature evaluation is not performed for the performance evaluation of the parts themselves used in various rotary tools and the performance evaluation of the oil and cooling water to be used as described above.
- the temperature evaluation of a welding torch is important for verifying the welding force and base metal state of the cladding layer, but by looking at the temperature curve of the weld pool or other base material, There is a current state of temperature evaluation.
- the conventional method for evaluating the cooling performance described above is based on real-time grasping of the temperature of the cutting tool during cutting and the temperature of the welding torch during welding, and using the grasped temperature. It does not evaluate whether the cooling performance is good or bad. For this reason, there are cases where the temperature of the rotary tool used in the conventional cooling performance evaluation method differs from the temperature of the rotary tool (cutting tool, welding torch, etc.) during actual processing (cutting, welding). Therefore, it cannot be said that the conventional method for evaluating the cooling performance described above is accurate.
- the present invention provides the temperature at the time of actual rotation tool operation, that is, the cutting tool during cutting.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a temperature measuring method and a temperature measuring apparatus capable of grasping in real time the temperature, the temperature of a welding torch during welding, and the like.
- the temperature measurement method of the present invention provided to solve the above-described problem is a rotation that is rotatable about a rotation axis and that has a hollow hole extending from the front end toward the rear end along the rotation axis.
- the temperature measurement method includes a step of mounting a temperature measurement unit in the vicinity of the through hole of the rotary tool, a step of measuring the temperature of the rotary tool that rotates coaxially with the rotary holder using the temperature measurement unit, and And the step of receiving the measurement result of the temperature measurement unit with an electronic substrate in order.
- the present invention also provides a temperature measuring device used for the temperature measuring method described above.
- the temperature measuring device is rotatable about a rotation axis, and has a rotation holding body formed with a hollow hole extending from the front end toward the rear end along the rotation axis, and connected to the rotation holding body.
- a temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature of the sensor and an electronic substrate that receives the measurement result of the temperature measurement unit with the electronic substrate.
- the rotating holder and the rotating tool are connected in the direction of the rotation axis and rotate coaxially, and the inside thereof is connected by a through hole.
- the temperature measuring method and the temperature measuring device adopt a cutting tool as a rotating tool, and can grasp the temperature of the cutting tool in real time, thereby easily and accurately evaluating the cooling performance of the cutting fluid.
- the rotating tool include a cutting tool and a welding torch.
- the rotary holding body is a cylindrical tool holder capable of holding the cutting tool at the tip.
- the cooling performance of the cutting fluid can be evaluated using the temperature of the cutting tool grasped in real time. More specifically, with reference to the temperature of the cutting tool ascertained in real time, it is possible to determine that a cutting fluid with a small temperature rise is a cutting fluid with high cooling performance. Therefore, the evaluation of the cooling performance of the cutting fluid can be realized more accurately than before. As a result, a cutting fluid excellent in cooling performance can be easily selected, and it becomes a great merit in the development of a cutting fluid.
- the rotary holding body is a cylindrical tool holder that is connected to the welding torch at its tip.
- the cooling performance of the cooling water can be evaluated using the temperature of the welding torch grasped in real time. It is also possible to evaluate the selection and development of molten materials and base materials. Specifically, referring to the temperature of the welding torch grasped in real time, the cooling water supply (adjustment of water channel and water volume) to obtain the desired temperature change, the control of the discharge area of the cooling water and solvent, the appropriateness of the welding torch It is possible to evaluate a proper moving speed and appropriately execute control.
- the electronic substrate is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder.
- the electronic board includes a transmission unit capable of transmitting the measurement result of the temperature measurement unit to an external unit.
- the transmission unit may transmit the measurement result of the temperature measurement unit to the external unit by a wireless method.
- a power supply unit provided on an outer peripheral portion of the tool holder and capable of supplying power to the electronic substrate may be provided.
- the tool holder includes a communication hole that communicates from the outer periphery of the tool holder to the hollow hole, and the electronic substrate and the temperature measurement unit can be electrically connected via the communication hole and the hollow hole. Wiring may be provided.
- a cover member provided at an outer peripheral portion of the tool holder and covering at least the electronic substrate may be provided.
- the tool holder includes an accommodation space communicating with the hollow hole inside, The electronic substrate may be accommodated in the accommodation space.
- a power supply unit capable of supplying power to the electronic board is accommodated in the accommodation space.
- the tool holder includes a communication hole that communicates from the outer peripheral portion of the tool holder to the hollow hole, and the electronic substrate and the transmission unit can be electrically connected via the communication hole and the hollow hole. Electrical wiring can also be provided.
- the electronic board includes a stress receiving unit capable of receiving a measurement result of the stress measuring unit.
- the tool holder includes a communication hole that communicates with the hollow hole from an outer peripheral part of the tool holder, and the electronic substrate and the transmission unit can be electrically connected via the communication hole and the hollow hole. It is also preferable to provide electrical wiring.
- the temperature of a rotating tool (such as a cutting tool or a welding torch) that is actually being processed can be grasped in real time, so that the evaluation of the rotating tool itself, the cooling performance of the cutting fluid and cooling water can be performed. Evaluation can be realized more accurately than before.
- the temperature measuring device 1 includes a cylindrical tool holder 2, a collet nut 3, a cutting tool 4, a temperature measuring unit 5, an electronic substrate 6, a power supply unit 7, and an electronic device. And a cover member 8 that covers the substrate 6 and the power supply unit 7.
- the tool holder 2 is rotatable about a rotation axis (not shown), and a hollow hole 20 extending from the front end toward the rear end along the rotation axis is formed.
- the tool holder 2 is configured to hold the cutting tool 4 at its tip.
- the tool holder 2 is formed with a communication hole 22 that communicates from the outer peripheral portion 21 to the hollow hole 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication hole 22 is formed so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial length direction of the tool holder 2.
- collet nut 3 (Configuration of collet nut 3)
- the collet nut 3 is incorporated near the tip of the tool holder 2 and is provided as a holding member that can hold the cutting tool 4 at the tip of the tool holder 2.
- the cutting tool 4 can be configured by a drill, an end mill, a tap, or the like, and is a tool used for cutting a workpiece.
- the through-hole 40 is formed in the cutting tool 4 shown in FIG. 1 by drilling.
- the through hole 40 is a hole coaxial with the hollow hole 20 of the tool holder 2 and functions as a hole into which the temperature measuring unit 5 can be attached.
- the through hole 40 is penetrated from the upper end to the lower end, but in this specification, the through hole includes a state of a semi-through hole that is drilled halfway from the upper end to the lower end.
- the temperature measuring unit 5 can be composed of a temperature measuring element such as a thermocouple, a thermistor, and a platinum resistance thermometer, and can be mounted in the through hole 40 of the cutting tool 4.
- the temperature measuring unit 5 can measure the temperature of the cutting tool 4 rotating coaxially with the tool holder 2 in real time while being mounted in the through hole 40.
- the temperature measurement part 5 is comprised so that a measurement result can be transmitted to the electronic board
- the electronic substrate 6 is provided on the outer peripheral portion 21 of the tool holder 2 while being covered with the cover member 8.
- the electronic board 6 includes a temperature receiver 60 and a transmitter 61.
- the temperature receiving unit 60 is configured to be able to receive the temperature of the cutting tool 4 from the temperature measuring unit 5 in real time via an electrical wiring (not shown).
- the transmitting unit 61 is configured to be able to transmit the temperature of the cutting tool 4 received by the temperature receiving unit 60 to an external unit in a wireless manner.
- the power supply unit 7 is provided on the outer peripheral portion 21 of the tool holder 2 while being covered with the cover member 8.
- the power supply unit 7 can be configured using a rechargeable or non-rechargeable battery and is configured to be able to supply power to the electronic board 6.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a flow of an electric signal indicating the temperature of the cutting tool measured by the temperature measuring unit.
- the flow of an electrical signal when the temperature measuring unit 5 is configured by a thermocouple is shown.
- Each arrow in FIG. 2 is a flow of an electric signal indicating the temperature of the cutting tool 4 measured by a thermocouple, and the wired method is indicated by a solid line and the wireless method is indicated by a broken line depending on the format of the signal transmission path. .
- an external unit is configured by a wireless reception / recording output device.
- the wireless reception / recording output device has a wireless reception device, a serial / USB (Universal Serial Bus) converter, a recording / computing device such as a personal computer, a display, An output device such as a printer is provided.
- wireless communication standards between wireless receiving devices indicated by broken lines in FIG. 2 include Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), Blue-tooth (Bluetooth), wireless LAN (Local Area Network), and ZigBee (ZigBee). It can be used.
- the cooling performance of the cutting fluid can be evaluated more accurately than before.
- a cutting fluid excellent in cooling performance can be easily selected, and it becomes a great merit in the development of a cutting fluid.
- the temperature measurement device 1 of the present embodiment is the same as the temperature measurement device of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) in that the tool holder 2 includes an accommodation space 23 communicating with the hollow hole 20. ) Is different.
- the diameter of the horizontal cross section of the accommodation space 23 is larger than the diameter of the horizontal cross section of the hollow hole 20, and the electronic substrate 6 and the power supply unit 7 can be accommodated in the accommodation space 23.
- the temperature measuring apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided in the outer peripheral part 21 of the tool holder 2, and is also provided with the transmission part 61 which can transmit the measurement result of the temperature measuring part 5 to an external unit of 1st Embodiment. This is different from the temperature measuring device (see FIG. 1).
- the tool holder 2 is formed with a communication hole 22 that communicates from the outer peripheral portion 21 to the hollow hole 20, and the transmitter 61 is wound inside the communication hole 22 and the hollow hole 20. It is electrically connected to the temperature receiving unit 60 of the electronic board 6 through the power supply unit 7 by electrical wiring.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a flow of an electric signal indicating the temperature of the cutting tool measured by the temperature measuring unit.
- the flow of an electrical signal when the temperature measuring unit 5 is configured by a thermistor is shown.
- the temperature receiving unit 60 is configured by a detection circuit, an A / D converter, and a controller.
- the transmission unit 61 is configured by a wireless communication device such as a wireless transmission antenna.
- an external unit is configured by a wireless reception / recording output device. Since the flow of electrical signals in the wireless reception / recording output device is the same as the flow of electrical signals shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2), detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the electronic substrate 6 and the power supply unit 7 can be accommodated in the accommodation space 23 inside the tool holder 2, the electronic substrate 6 and the power supply unit 7 are provided on the outer peripheral portion 21 of the tool holder 2. In this case, since the necessary cover member 8 can be omitted, the number of parts can be reduced.
- the temperature measuring device 1 of the present embodiment includes a stress measuring unit 9 attached to the outer peripheral portion 21 of the tool holder 2, and the temperature measuring device of the second embodiment (see FIG. 4). Is different.
- the stress measurement unit 9 is arranged at a position higher than the accommodation space 23.
- the electronic substrate 6 further includes a stress receiving unit 10, and the transmission unit 61 transmits the measurement result of the stress measuring unit 9 in a wireless manner. Also in the point which is not transmitted to an external unit, it differs from the temperature measuring device (refer to Drawing 4) of a 2nd embodiment.
- the stress receiving unit 10 is mounted on the electronic board 6 and configured to receive the measurement result of the stress measuring unit 9 in real time via the electrical wiring.
- the electrical signal indicating the stress measured by the stress measurement unit sequentially flows through the crystal piezoelectric element, the charge amplifier, the A / D converter, and the controller from the upstream side toward the downstream side.
- the flow of an electric signal when the stress measuring unit 9 is configured by a quartz piezoelectric element is shown.
- the stress receiving unit 10 includes a charge amplifier and an A / D converter.
- the transmission unit 61 is configured by a wireless communication device such as a controller and a wireless transmission antenna.
- an external unit is configured by a wireless reception / recording output device. Since the flow of electrical signals in the wireless reception / recording output device is the same as the flow of electrical signals shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2), detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the stress measurement unit 9 can be attached to the outer peripheral portion 21 of the tool holder 2 that can rotate around a rotation axis (not shown), the measurement result of the stress measurement unit 9 is used as the measurement result.
- the stress receiving unit 10 of the electronic substrate 6 By receiving by the stress receiving unit 10 of the electronic substrate 6, the stress received from the outside by the cutting tool 4 during actual machining (actually machining the workpiece) that rotates coaxially with the tool holder 2 is grasped in real time. be able to.
- a temperature measurement method and a temperature measurement device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Since the temperature measuring device 1 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the temperature measuring device of the third embodiment (see FIG. 6), detailed description and illustration thereof are omitted. Moreover, in this embodiment, the flow of the electrical signal indicating the temperature of the cutting tool measured by the temperature measuring unit (see FIG. 8) is the same as the flow of the electrical signal shown in the second embodiment (see FIG. 5). Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- an external unit is configured by a wireless reception / recording output device. Since the flow of the electrical signal in the wireless reception / recording output device is the same as the flow of the electrical signal shown in the second embodiment (see FIG. 5), detailed description is omitted.
- the temperature measuring apparatus 100 includes a tool holder 102 as a rotating holder, a welding torch 104 as a rotating tool, a temperature measuring unit 142, an electronic substrate 106, a power supply unit 107, and an electronic device. And a cover member 108 that covers the substrate 106 and the power supply unit 107.
- a cladding method (a build-up welding method), particularly here, a basic configuration of laser cladding will be outlined.
- FIG. 9 shows an outline representing the laser cladding method.
- the temperature measuring device 100 includes a tool holder 102 along a rotation axis X and a welding torch 104 connected below the tool holder 102.
- the temperature measuring apparatus 100 has through holes 120 and 105 connected to the tool holder 102 and the welding torch 104, and the through holes 120 and 105 form a hollow laser beam path.
- Laser light is incident from an incident port 110 that connects the through-hole 120 and the outside, is reflected vertically downward by the mirror 112, and reaches the convex lens 114.
- the laser beam that has reached the convex lens 114 is condensed and irradiated from the irradiation port 116 at the lower end of the through hole 105 in the welding torch 104. Then, the laser beam is irradiated on the surface of the base material (base material) 130 on the optical axis X, with the focusing point immediately below the lower end of the welding torch 104 or defocused. At this time, the base material 130 forms a molten pool 130a in which the laser light irradiation surface is melted and liquefied. However, this molten pool 130a is a small range.
- the welding torch 104 has a cladding material powder supply pipe 133 that sends a cladding material powder (also simply referred to as “cladding material”) 132 downward in order from the center axis side coaxially with the laser optical path X, and a cooling water 134. Is provided with a cooling water supply pipe 135 for sending the gas downward, and a shield gas supply pipe 137 for sending the inert gas 136 downward.
- a cladding material powder supply tube 133 is disposed concentrically inside the laser beam path X in a horizontal plane, and converges on the optical axis X following the collection of the laser beam from the upper end. It communicates to the vicinity of the irradiation port 116 at the lower end.
- the cladding material powder supply pipe 133 may be one or more pipes arranged at predetermined angles on a horizontal plane, or may be an annular pipe connected to the entire circumference. Therefore, the cladding material powder supply pipe 133 flows in the cladding material powder 132 from its upper end, and emits it to the molten pool 130a on the surface of the base material 130, that is, the position where the laser light is irradiated on the surface of the base material 130. The released cladding material powder 132 is heated by the laser beam and the molten pool 130a of the base material 130, and the cladding layer 144 is formed on the surface of the base material 130 on the rear side of the welding torch 104 in the moving direction (see arrow Y). Form.
- a shield gas supply pipe 136 is disposed concentrically outside (coaxially outside) the cladding material powder supply pipe 132 with respect to the laser optical path X in the horizontal plane, and follows the condensing of the laser light from the upper end thereof. It converges on the optical axis X side and communicates to the vicinity of the irradiation port 116. Therefore, the shield gas supply pipe 135 discharges the inert gas 136 such as argon gas flowing in from the upper end thereof at the lower end. Since the released inert gas 18 is sprayed onto the cladding material powder 132 (and thus the clad layer 144), the anti-oxidation treatment is immediately performed while the clad layer 134 is deposited on the surface of the substrate 130.
- a cooling water supply pipe 137 is disposed on the concentric outer side of the shield gas supply pipe 135 and communicates from its upper end to a position above a predetermined distance from the lower end of the welding torch 104.
- the clad layer 134 is rapidly cooled within a range in which the molten pool 13a of the base material 130b made of laser light does not become large, which may be a factor for promoting the formation of the uniformly dispersed clad layer 144.
- the tool holder 102 is rotatable about the rotation axis X, and a hollow through-hole 120 extending from the upper end toward the lower end along the rotation axis is formed.
- the tool holder 102 integrally connects the welding torch 102 at its lower end.
- the tool holder 102 is formed with a communication hole 141 that communicates with the through hole 120 from the outer peripheral portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 10, the communication hole 141 is formed so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the tool holder 102.
- the temperature measuring unit 142 can be constituted by a temperature measuring element such as a thermocouple, a thermistor, and a platinum resistance thermometer, and is a position where temperature measurement is desired in the through hole (hollow hole) 105 of the welding torch 104. It is configured to be attachable to. Since the through hole 105 includes the optical axis of the laser beam, the through hole 105 is attached to the inner wall of the through port 105 so that the temperature measuring unit 142 does not get in the way.
- the temperature measuring unit 142 can measure the temperature at a desired position of the welding torch 104 rotating coaxially with the tool holder 102 in a state of being mounted in the through hole 105 in real time. And the temperature measurement part 142 is comprised so that a measurement result can be transmitted to the electronic board
- the electronic substrate 106 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the tool holder 102 while being covered with the cover member 108.
- the electronic board 106 includes a temperature receiving unit (reference number 60 in FIG. 2 and the like) and a transmission unit (reference number 61 and the like in FIG. 2).
- the temperature receiving unit is configured to receive the temperature of the welding torch 104 from the temperature measuring unit 142 via the electric wiring 141 in real time.
- the transmitting unit is configured to be able to transmit the temperature of the welding torch 104 received by the temperature receiving unit to the external unit in a wireless manner.
- the power supply unit 107 is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder 102 while being covered with the cover member 108.
- the power supply unit 107 can be configured using a rechargeable or non-rechargeable battery and is configured to be able to supply power to the electronic board 106.
- the temperature measurement unit 142, the electronic substrate 106, and the power supply unit 107 of the temperature measurement device 100 of FIG. 9 are modified examples referring to the second to fourth embodiments of the temperature measurement device 1 for the cutting tool 5 described above. Is also possible.
- a housing portion such as the electronic substrate 106 is provided inside the tool holder 102.
- a piezoelectric element may be separately provided in the tool holder 102 and the stress applied to the welding torch 104 may be measured.
- the temperature measuring device 100 of FIG. 9 (About the flow of electrical signals indicating the temperature of the cutting tool measured by the temperature measurement unit)
- the temperature measuring device 100 of FIG. 9 reference is made to the block diagram of FIG. In this example, the flow of an electrical signal when the temperature measuring unit 5 is configured by a thermocouple is shown. Each arrow in FIG. 2 is a flow of an electric signal indicating the temperature of the cutting tool 4 measured by a thermocouple, and the wired method is indicated by a solid line and the wireless method is indicated by a broken line depending on the format of the signal transmission path.
- the temperature receiving unit 60 includes a zero contact compensation circuit, a potential difference amplification unit, an A / D (analog / digital) converter, and an in-device control circuit.
- the transmission unit 61 includes the controller and the wireless communication device.
- an external unit is configured by a wireless reception / recording output device.
- the wireless reception / recording output device has a wireless reception device, a serial / USB (Universal Serial Bus) converter, a recording / computing device such as a personal computer, a display, An output device such as a printer is provided.
- wireless communication standards between wireless receiving devices indicated by broken lines in FIG. 2 include Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), Blue-tooth (Bluetooth), wireless LAN (Local Area Network), and ZigBee (ZigBee). It can be used.
- the temperature measurement unit 142 is mounted in the hollow region (through hole 105) inside the welding torch 102 integrally connected to the lower end of the tool holder 102 that can rotate around the rotation axis.
- the temperature of the welding torch 104 during actual processing (during actual welding) rotating coaxially with the tool holder 102 can be grasped in real time.
- the cooling performance of the cooling water 134 and the cladding material 136 can be evaluated using the temperature of the welding torch grasped in real time.
- the temperature measuring method and the temperature measuring device of the present invention can be suitably used in the temperature measurement of various industrial rotary tools such as the temperature measurement of a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece and the temperature measurement of a welding torch. .
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Abstract
Description
例えば、前記回転ツールは切削工具の場合、前記回転保持体は、該切削工具を先端で保持可能な筒状のツールホルダである。
また、前記電子基板が、前記温度測定部の測定結果を外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備える。
前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記電子基板に電源供給可能な電源供給部を備えることもできる。
また、前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、少なくとも前記電子基板を覆うカバー部材を備えることもできる。
前記電子基板が、前記収容空間に収容されても良い。
前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記温度測定部の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備えるとさらに好ましい。
前記電子基板が、前記応力測定部の測定結果を受信可能な応力受信部を備える。
また、前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記応力測定部の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備えても良い。
以下では、図1~図3を参照しつつ、本発明の第1実施形態に係る温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置について説明する。
図1に示すように、温度測定装置1は、筒状のツールホルダ2と、コレット・ナット3と、切削工具4と、温度測定部5と、電子基板6と、電源供給部7と、電子基板6及び電源供給部7を覆うカバー部材8と、を備えて構成される。
ツールホルダ2は、回転軸(図示せず)を中心に回転可能であって、回転軸に沿って先端から後端に向かって延びる中空孔20が形成される。ツールホルダ2は、その先端で切削工具4を保持可能に構成されている。また、ツールホルダ2には、その外周部21から中空孔20に連通する連通孔22が形成されている。この連通孔22は、図1に示すように、ツールホルダ2の軸長方向に対して略直交する方向に延びるようにして形成されている。
コレット・ナット3は、ツールホルダ2の先端付近に組み込まれており、切削工具4をツールホルダ2の先端で保持可能な保持部材として設けられている。
切削工具4は、ドリル、エンドミル、及び、タップ等で構成可能であって、加工対象物の切削加工に用いる工具である。図1に示す切削工具4には、穴あけ加工を施すことによって貫通孔40が形成されている。この貫通孔40は、ツールホルダ2の中空孔20と同軸状の孔であって、温度測定部5を装着可能な孔として機能する。なお、ここでは、貫通孔40は上端から下端まで貫通させているが、本明細書で貫通孔とは上端から下端に至る途中まで穴あけした半貫通孔の状態をも含んでいる。
温度測定部5は、熱電対、サーミスタ、及び、白金測温抵抗体等の温度測定素子で構成可能であって、切削工具4の貫通孔40に装着可能に構成されている。温度測定部5は、貫通孔40に装着された状態で、ツールホルダ2と同軸で回転する切削工具4の温度をリアルタイムで測定可能となっている。そして、温度測定部5は、電気配線(図示せず)を介して測定結果を電子基板6へ送信可能に構成されている。
電子基板6は、カバー部材8に覆われた状態で、ツールホルダ2の外周部21に設けられている。電子基板6は、温度受信部60及び送信部61を備えている。温度受信部60は、電気配線(図示せず)を介して温度測定部5から切削工具4の温度をリアルタイムで受信可能に構成されている。送信部61は、温度受信部60で受信された切削工具4の温度を外部ユニットへ無線方式で送信可能に構成されている。
電源供給部7は、カバー部材8に覆われた状態で、ツールホルダ2の外周部21に設けられている。電源供給部7は、充電型又は非充電型の電池を用いて構成可能であって、電子基板6に電源供給可能に構成されている。
図2は、温度測定部で測定された切削工具の温度を示す電気信号の流れの一例を示すブロック図である。この例では、熱電対で温度測定部5を構成した場合の電気信号の流れを示している。図2中の各矢印は、熱電対で測定された切削工具4の温度を示す電気信号の流れであって、信号伝送路の形式によって有線方式を実線で示し、無線方式を破線で示している。この例では、零接点補償回路、電位差増幅部、A/D(アナログ/デジタル)変換器、及び、デバイス内制御回路で、温度受信部60が構成されている。また、この例では、コントローラ及び無線通信デバイスで、送信部61が構成されている。
次いで、図3を参照しながら、本実施形態における切削工具4の温度測定方法の一例について説明する。温度測定方法の一例としては、ツールホルダ2を準備する工程S1、コレット・ナット3を介してツールホルダ2の先端に切削工具4を装着する工程S2、切削工具4の貫通孔40に温度測定部5を装着する工程S3、温度測定部5を用いて、ツールホルダ2と同軸で回転する切削工具4の温度を測定する工程S4、温度測定部5の測定結果を電子基板6で受信する工程S5、を順に行うことによる温度測定方法を挙げることができる。
上記第1実施形態では、回転軸(図示せず)を中心に回転可能なツールホルダ2の先端で保持された切削工具4に温度測定部5を装着可能な貫通孔40が形成されるので、この温度測定部5の測定結果を電子基板6で受信することで、ツールホルダ2と同軸で回転する実加工中(実際に加工対象物を切削加工中)の切削工具4の温度をリアルタイムで把握することができる。
以下では、図4及び図5を参照しつつ、本発明の第2実施形態に係る温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置について説明する。図4に示すように、本実施形態の温度測定装置1は、ツールホルダ2が、中空孔20と連通する収容空間23を内部に備える点で、第1実施形態の温度測定装置(図1参照)と相違する。図4に示すように、収容空間23の水平断面の径は、中空孔20の水平断面の径よりも大きく、収容空間23には、電子基板6及び電源供給部7を収容可能である。また、本実施形態の温度測定装置1は、ツールホルダ2の外周部21に設けられ、温度測定部5の測定結果を外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部61を備える点でも、第1実施形態の温度測定装置(図1参照)と相違する。図4に示すように、ツールホルダ2には、外周部21から中空孔20に連通する連通孔22が形成されており、送信部61は、連通孔22及び中空孔20の内部を這わされた電気配線によって、電源供給部7を介して電子基板6の温度受信部60と電気的に接続されている。
図5は、温度測定部で測定された切削工具の温度を示す電気信号の流れの一例を示すブロック図である。この例では、サーミスタで温度測定部5を構成した場合の電気信号の流れを示している。この例では、検出回路、A/D変換器、及び、コントローラで、温度受信部60が構成されている。また、この例では、無線送信アンテナなどの無線通信デバイスで送信部61が構成されている。
上記第2実施形態では、第1実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
以下では、図6及び図7を参照しつつ、本発明の第3実施形態に係る温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置について説明する。図6に示すように、本実施形態の温度測定装置1は、ツールホルダ2の外周部21に取り付けられた応力測定部9を備える点で、第2実施形態の温度測定装置(図4参照)と相違する。図6に示すように、応力測定部9は、収容空間23よりも高い位置に配置されている。また、図6に示すように、本実施形態の温度測定装置1は、電子基板6が応力受信部10を更に備える点、及び、送信部61が、応力測定部9の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信な点でも、第2実施形態の温度測定装置(図4参照)と相違する。
図7に示すように、応力測定部で測定された応力を示す電気信号は、上流側から下流側に向かって、水晶圧電素子、チャージアンプ、A/D変換器、及び、コントローラを順次流れる。この例では、水晶圧電素子で応力測定部9を構成した場合の電気信号の流れを示している。この例では、チャージアンプ、及び、A/D変換器で、応力受信部10が構成されている。また、この例では、コントローラ、及び、無線送信アンテナなどの無線通信デバイスで、送信部61が構成されている。
上記第3実施形態では、第2実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
以下では、図8を参照しつつ、本発明の第4実施形態に係る温度測定方法、及び、温度測定装置について説明する。本実施形態の温度測定装置1は、第3実施形態の温度測定装置(図6参照)と同じ構成であるため、詳細な説明及び図示を省略する。また、本実施形態では、温度測定部で測定された切削工具の温度を示す電気信号の流れ(図8参照)が、第2実施形態(図5参照)で示した電気信号の流れと同じであるため、詳細な説明を省略する。
図8に示すように、応力測定部で測定された応力を示す電気信号は、上流側から下流側に向かって、圧電素子、検出回路、A/D変換器、及び、コントローラを順次流れる。この例では、圧電素子で応力測定部9を構成した場合の電気信号の流れを示している。この例では、検出回路、A/D変換器、及び、コントローラで、応力受信部10が構成されている。また、この例では、無線送信アンテナなどの無線通信デバイスで送信部61が構成されている。
上記第4実施形態では、第3実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
(温度測定装置100の全体構成)
図9に示すように、温度測定装置100は、回転保持体としてのツールホルダ102と、回転ツールとしての溶接トーチ104と、温度測定部142と、電子基板106と、電源供給部107と、電子基板106及び電源供給部107を覆うカバー部材108と、を備えて構成される。
ツールホルダ102は、回転軸Xを中心に回転可能であって、回転軸に沿って上端から下端に向かって延びる中空の貫通孔120が形成される。ツールホルダ102は、その下端で溶接トーチ102を一体に連結している。また、ツールホルダ102には、その外周部から貫通孔120に連通する連通孔141が形成されている。この連通孔141は、図10に示すように、ツールホルダ102の軸長方向に対して略直交する方向に延びるようにして形成されている。
温度測定部142は、熱電対、サーミスタ、及び、白金測温抵抗体等の温度測定素子で構成可能であって、溶接トーチ104の貫通孔(中空孔)105の中で温度測定を所望する位置に装着可能に構成されている。貫通孔105はレーザ光の光軸を含んでいるので温度測定部142が邪魔にならないように貫通港105の内壁等に装着されている。温度測定部142は、貫通孔105内に装着された状態で、ツールホルダ102と同軸で回転する溶接トーチ104の所望位置の温度をリアルタイムで測定可能となっている。そして、温度測定部142は、電気配線141を介して測定結果を電子基板106へ送信可能に構成されている。
電子基板106は、カバー部材108に覆われた状態で、ツールホルダ102の外周部に設けられている。電子基板106は、温度受信部(図2の参照番号60等)及び送信部(図2の参照番号61等)を備えている。温度受信部は、電気配線141を介して温度測定部142から溶接トーチ104の温度をリアルタイムで受信可能に構成されている。送信部は、温度受信部で受信された溶接トーチ104の温度を外部ユニットへ無線方式で送信可能に構成されている。
電源供給部107は、カバー部材108に覆われた状態で、ツールホルダ102の外周部に設けられている。電源供給部107は、充電型又は非充電型の電池を用いて構成可能であって、電子基板106に電源供給可能に構成されている。
図9の温度測定装置100の場合、前述した温度測定装置1の切削工具5の温度を示す電気信号の流れを例示した図2のブロック図を参照する。この例では、熱電対で温度測定部5を構成した場合の電気信号の流れを示している。図2中の各矢印は、熱電対で測定された切削工具4の温度を示す電気信号の流れであって、信号伝送路の形式によって有線方式を実線で示し、無線方式を破線で示している。この例では、零接点補償回路、電位差増幅部、A/D(アナログ/デジタル)変換器、及び、デバイス内制御回路で、温度受信部60が構成されている。また、この例では、コントローラ及び無線通信デバイスで、送信部61が構成されている。
上記第5実施形態では、回転軸を中心に回転可能なツールホルダ102の下端に一体連結された溶接トーチ102の内部の中空領域(貫通孔105)に温度測定部142を装着しているので、この温度測定部142の測定結果を電子基板106で受信することで、ツールホルダ102と同軸で回転する実加工中(実際の溶接中)の溶接トーチ104の温度をリアルタイムで把握することができる。これにより、リアルタイムで把握した溶接トーチの温度を用いて、冷却水134やクラッディング材料136の冷却性能を評価することができる。
2 ツールホルダ
4 切削工具
5 温度測定部
6 電子基板
7 電源供給部
8 カバー部材
9 応力測定部
10 応力受信部
20 中空孔
21 外周部
22 連通孔
40 貫通孔
60 温度受信部
61 送信部
S1~S5 工程
Claims (19)
- 回転軸を中心に回転可能であり、前記回転軸に沿って先端から後端に向かって延びる中空孔が形成される回転保持体と、該回転保持体に連結されて前記中空孔と同軸状の貫通孔が形成される回転ツールとを用いた温度測定方法であって、
前記回転ツールの前記貫通孔近傍に温度測定部を装着する工程と、
該温度測定部を用いて、前記回転保持体と同軸回転する前記回転ツールの温度を測定する工程と、
前記温度測定部の測定結果を電子基板で受信する工程と、
を順に行うことを特徴とする温度測定方法。 - 回転軸を中心に回転可能であり、前記回転軸に沿って先端から後端に向かって延びる中空孔が形成される回転保持体と、
該回転保持体に連結されて前記中空孔と同軸状の貫通孔が形成される回転ツールと、
前記回転ツールの前記貫通孔近傍に温度測定部と、
該温度測定部を用いて、前記回転保持体と同軸回転する前記回転ツールの温度を測定する温度測定部と、
前記温度測定部の測定結果を電子基板で受信する電子基板と、
を備えることを特徴とする温度測定装置。 - 前記回転ツールは切削工具であり、
前記回転保持体は、該切削工具を先端で保持可能な筒状のツールホルダであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の温度測定方法。 - 前記回転ツールは切削工具であり、
前記回転保持体は、該切削工具を先端で保持可能な筒状のツールホルダであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記回転ツールは溶接トーチであり、
前記回転保持体は、その先端で溶接トーチと連結する筒状のツールホルダであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の温度測定方法。 - 前記回転ツールは溶接トーチであり、
前記回転保持体は、その先端で溶接トーチと連結する筒状のツールホルダであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記電子基板が、
前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項4又6はに記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記電子基板が、
前記温度測定部の測定結果を外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備えることを特徴とする請求項4、6又は7に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記送信部が、
前記温度測定部の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記電子基板に電源供給可能な電源供給部を備えることを特徴とする請求項4、又は6~9のいずれか一項に記載の温度測定装置。
- 前記ツールホルダが、
前記ツールホルダの外周部から前記中空孔に連通する連通孔を備え、
前記連通孔及び前記中空孔を介して、前記電子基板及び前記温度測定部を電気的に接続可能な電気配線を備えることを特徴とする請求項4、又は6~10のいずれか一項に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、少なくとも前記電子基板を覆うカバー部材を備えることを特徴とする請求項4、又は6~11のいずれか一項に記載の温度測定装置。
- 前記ツールホルダが、
前記中空孔と連通する収容空間を内部に備え、
前記電子基板が、
前記収容空間に収容されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は6に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記電子基板に電源供給可能な電源供給部が、
前記収容空間に収容されていることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記温度測定部の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備えることを特徴とする請求項13又は14に記載の温度測定装置。
- 前記ツールホルダが、
前記ツールホルダの外周部から前記中空孔に連通する連通孔を備え、
前記連通孔及び前記中空孔を介して、前記電子基板及び前記送信部を電気的に接続可能な電気配線を備えることを特徴とする請求項13~15のいずれか一項に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記ツールホルダの外周部に取り付けられ、前記ツールホルダと同軸で回転する前記切削工具又は前記溶接トーチが外部から受ける応力を測定可能な応力測定部を備え、
前記電子基板が、
前記応力測定部の測定結果を受信可能な応力受信部を備えることを特徴とする請求項24、又は6~16のいずれか一項に記載の温度測定装置。 - 前記ツールホルダの外周部に設けられ、前記応力測定部の測定結果を無線方式で外部ユニットに送信可能な送信部を備えることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の温度測定装置。
- 前記ツールホルダが、
前記ツールホルダの外周部から前記中空孔に連通する連通孔を備え、
前記連通孔及び前記中空孔を介して、前記電子基板及び前記送信部を電気的に接続可能な電気配線を備えることを特徴とする請求項17又は18に記載の温度測定装置。
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