WO2014157576A1 - フェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板とその製造方法及び鋼帯 - Google Patents
フェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板とその製造方法及び鋼帯 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014157576A1 WO2014157576A1 PCT/JP2014/059011 JP2014059011W WO2014157576A1 WO 2014157576 A1 WO2014157576 A1 WO 2014157576A1 JP 2014059011 W JP2014059011 W JP 2014059011W WO 2014157576 A1 WO2014157576 A1 WO 2014157576A1
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- hot
- ferritic stainless
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- toughness
- rolled
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001068 laves phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0463—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ferritic stainless hot-rolled steel sheet that is excellent in toughness at low temperature and has excellent corrosion resistance, a manufacturing method thereof, and steel, which are mainly used for a flange material used in an automobile exhaust system and other pipe joints.
- a manufacturing method thereof and steel, which are mainly used for a flange material used in an automobile exhaust system and other pipe joints.
- Ferritic stainless steel is inferior in workability, toughness, and high-temperature strength compared to austenitic stainless steel, but is inexpensive because it does not contain a large amount of Ni, and its thermal expansion is small, so automobile exhaust system parts materials, etc. Used for.
- steel types such as SUH409L, SUS429, SUS430LX, SUS436J1L, SUS432, and SUS444 are used as ferritic stainless steel suitable for these applications.
- ferritic stainless steel due to the need for reducing the weight of the vehicle body and extending the service life, a material with excellent corrosion resistance is also required for the automotive flange material, and ferritic stainless steel of SUH409L or higher is used.
- ferritic stainless steel when used in an exhaust system, ferritic stainless steel is more advantageous than plain steel because it has the effect of reducing the plate thickness if the strength at high temperature is high.
- thin cold-rolled steel sheets with a thickness of 3 mm or less may be used with improved rigidity by bending, etc., but thick hot-rolled steel sheets with a thickness of 5 mm or more are punched as they are. Often used.
- ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled steel sheets with a thickness of 5 mm or more are difficult to manufacture because of their low toughness.
- plate breakage often occurs in the production line after hot rolling. Therefore, the examination of the improvement of toughness so far has been mainly from the manufacturing aspect.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of changing the finishing temperature in accordance with the alloy composition during hot rolling, and quenching after winding.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 also show toughness improvement methods for the purpose of improving the productivity of thick hot-rolled coils.
- ferritic stainless steel When processing ferritic stainless steel as an automotive flange material, it is often manufactured by punching. Therefore, ferritic stainless steel with inferior toughness is disadvantageous. In particular, cracking often occurs during the punching operation in winter, making it difficult to manufacture parts. Therefore, a ferritic stainless steel sheet having excellent toughness that does not hinder parts manufacture even in winter is desired.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a ferritic stainless hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in toughness and corrosion resistance, a manufacturing method thereof, and a steel strip, which are used for automobile flanges and the like.
- the present inventors investigated the production environment of the flange material in winter in order to examine the improvement of toughness at low temperatures. As a result, it was found that there are many cases in which the punching work is performed in an environment below room temperature (25 ° C.) in winter, but the punching work is rarely performed in an environment below 0 ° C.
- the ductile-brittle transition temperature of ferritic stainless steel is near room temperature, and the toughness may vary greatly with temperature changes from room temperature to 0 ° C. For this reason, it is considered that even in an operation in which the steel sheet does not crack in the summer, the steel sheet is cracked in the winter.
- the inventors considered that the examination of toughness only at room temperature (25 ° C) is not sufficient, and it is considered that cracking does not occur if the toughness at 0 ° C is secured, and detailed examination is performed using the toughness at 0 ° C as an index. Went.
- Hot-rolled steel sheets are manufactured through the steps of melting, casting, hot-rolling, annealing, and pickling, but the examination of toughness so far has mainly been related to the toughness of the material as it is hot-rolled.
- the toughness of the hot-rolled annealed material is lower, and in the study of the present invention, it was necessary to consider improving the toughness of the more severe hot-rolled annealed material. It was.
- the toughness of the hot-rolled annealed sheet is not stable depending on the production conditions.
- the present inventors have further studied and, as a result, found that the toughness at 0 ° C. can be stably secured by limiting the temperature of the final annealing and the cooling rate to a certain range.
- the present invention has been made based on these findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the annealing temperature in the annealing process is 1000 ° C. or higher and 1100 ° C. or lower, and the cooling rate is 800 ° C. to 400 ° C. in the subsequent cooling process. 5.
- a ferritic stainless steel strip comprising the ferritic stainless hot-rolled steel sheet of (1) or (2).
- a ferritic stainless steel sheet for automobile flanges comprising the ferritic stainless hot rolled steel sheet of (1) or (2).
- a ferritic stainless steel strip for automobile flanges characterized by comprising the ferritic stainless hot rolled steel strip of (4) above.
- the upper limit of the C amount is 0.015%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.001%.
- the content is preferably 0.002 to 0.010%. Furthermore, it is preferably 0.002 to less than 0.007%.
- N 0.020% or less N, like C, deteriorates formability, corrosion resistance, and hot-rolled sheet toughness. Therefore, the content is preferably as small as possible.
- Nb is added to stabilize N as carbonitride
- the lower limit is preferably 0.001%.
- the content is preferably 0.002 to 0.015%.
- Si 0.01 to 0.4%
- Si is an element useful as a deoxidizer, and is an element that improves high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance.
- the deoxidation effect is improved as the Si amount is increased, and the effect is manifested at 0.01% or more. Therefore, the lower limit of the Si amount is set to 0.01%.
- Excessive addition of Si reduces room temperature ductility.
- Si also has the effect of promoting the precipitation of the Laves phase in the cooling process after annealing and degrading toughness. Therefore, the upper limit of Si content is set to 0.4%. More preferably, it is 0.01 to 0.2%.
- Mn 0.01 to 0.8%
- Mn is an element added as a deoxidizer and an element contributing to an increase in high-temperature strength in the middle temperature range. Mn does not significantly affect toughness. In order to acquire said effect, it is necessary to make Mn amount 0.01% or more. On the other hand, excessive addition forms MnS and lowers the corrosion resistance, so the upper limit of the amount of Mn is made 0.8%. Preferably it is 0.5% or less.
- P 0.04% or less P is an element having a large solid solution strengthening ability, but is a ferrite stabilizing element and an element harmful to corrosion resistance and toughness.
- P is contained as an impurity in ferrochrome, which is a raw material for stainless steel. Since it is very difficult to remove P from molten stainless steel, the P content is preferably 0.010% or more. The content of P is almost determined by the purity and amount of the ferrochrome raw material to be used. Since P is a harmful element, the purity of P of the ferrochrome raw material is preferably low. However, since low P ferrochrome is expensive, the P content is in a range that does not greatly deteriorate the material and corrosion resistance. The following. In addition, Preferably it is 0.03% or less.
- the content is preferably as low as 0.010%. To do. Further, the smaller the S content, the better the corrosion resistance. However, since the desulfurization load increases and the production cost increases for lowering the S content, the lower limit is preferably made 0.001%. Preferably, the content is 0.001 to 0.008%.
- Cr 14.0 to less than 18.0% Cr is an essential element for ensuring corrosion resistance. However, Cr is also an element that reduces toughness. If the content of Cr is less than 14.0%, the effect of ensuring corrosion resistance is not obtained, and if the content of Cr is 18.0% or more, it causes deterioration in workability and toughness, particularly at low temperatures.
- the Cr content is 14.0 to less than 18.0%. In order to avoid 475 brittleness in the cooling process after annealing, it is better that the Cr content is small. Considering the corrosion resistance more, 15.0 to less than 18.0% is preferable.
- Ni 0.05 to 1%
- Ni is an element effective for suppressing the progress of pitting corrosion, and the effect is stably exhibited by addition of 0.05% or more. In addition, it is effective for improving the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet. Therefore, the lower limit of the Ni amount is 0.05%. If it is 0.10% or more, it is more effective, and 0.15% or more is more effective. Addition of a large amount may cause material hardening due to solid solution strengthening, so the upper limit is made 1.0%. Considering the alloy cost, 0.05 to 0.30% is preferable.
- Nb 0.3 to 0.6%
- Nb is an element that suppresses deterioration of sensitization and corrosion resistance due to precipitation of chromium carbonitride in stainless steel by forming carbonitride.
- the lower limit of Nb is set to 0.3%
- the upper limit is set to 0.6%.
- Nb / (C + N) is set to 16 which is a substantially equivalence ratio.
- Nb / C + N In order to prevent further sensitization at the weld, it is preferable to set Nb / C + N to 20 or more.
- Nb, C, and N mean the respective component contents (% by mass).
- Ti 0.05% or less Ti is an element that suppresses deterioration of sensitization and corrosion resistance due to precipitation of chromium carbonitride in stainless steel by forming carbonitride similarly to Nb.
- the formed TiN is a large angular precipitate, tends to be a starting point of fracture, and lowers toughness.
- Ti promotes the precipitation of the Laves phase in the cooling process after annealing, and deteriorates toughness. Therefore, in the present invention, it is necessary to reduce as much as possible, and the upper limit is made 0.05%. Preferably, it is less than 0.02%.
- Al 0.10% or less Al is useful as a deoxidizing element, and the effect is manifested at 0.005% or more. However, excessive addition of Al decreases the room temperature ductility and toughness, so the upper limit is made 0.10%. Al may not be contained.
- B 0.0002 to 0.0020%
- B is an element effective for fixing N, which is harmful to workability, and improving secondary workability, and can be expected to improve toughness. Since the effect is manifested at 0.0002% or more, the lower limit of the B amount is set to 0.0002%. Even if added over 0.0020%, the effect is saturated and workability deterioration due to B occurs, so the upper limit of B is made 0.0020%. Preferably they are 0.0003% or more and 0.0008% or less.
- the following elements may be added.
- Mo 1.5% or less Mo may be added as necessary in order to improve the corrosion resistance. In order to exert these effects, it is preferable to add 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is added at 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.5% or more. Excessive addition may cause the generation of a Laves phase, which may cause a decrease in toughness. However, in the steel containing a large amount of Nb as in the present invention, the generation of the Laves phase is not accelerated so much and the toughness is not lowered. Considering these, the upper limit of the Mo amount is 1.5%. Preferably it is 1.1% or less.
- Sn 0.005 to 0.1%
- Sn is an element effective for improving corrosion resistance and high temperature strength.
- Cu 0.05 to 1.5%
- Cu is an element that improves the corrosion resistance. The effect is manifested at 0.05% or more. In order to obtain the effect, a more preferable addition amount is 0.1% or more. Excessive addition causes abnormal oxidation during hot rolling and causes surface defects, so the upper limit of Cu content is 1.5%. Preferably it is 1.0% or less, More preferably, it is 0.5% or less.
- V 1% or less
- W 1% or less
- V and W are elements that improve high-temperature strength, and can be added as necessary.
- the ferritic stainless steel of the present invention is a hot-rolled steel sheet, and becomes a product through processes of melting, casting, hot-rolling, annealing, and pickling.
- the production equipment There are no particular restrictions on the production equipment, and conventional production equipment can be used.
- stainless steel is manufactured in the form of a so-called steel strip that is very long in the rolling direction, wound, stored and moved in a coiled form.
- the present invention includes not only ferritic stainless steel sheets but also ferritic stainless steel strips.
- the hot rolling conditions are not particularly defined, but the heating temperature is preferably 1150 ° C to 1250 ° C.
- the hot rolling finishing temperature is preferably 850 ° C. or higher. Furthermore, after hot rolling, it is preferable to rapidly cool to 450 ° C. by air-water cooling or the like.
- the annealing temperature is set to 1000 ° C. or higher because it is necessary to dissolve precipitates such as the Laves phase. However, if the temperature exceeds 1100 ° C., crystal grains grow too much and the toughness decreases, so 1100 ° C. is the upper limit.
- the cooling rate after annealing is set to a cooling rate from 800 ° C. to 400 ° C. of 5 ° C./sec or more in order to suppress precipitation of precipitates such as a Laves phase and toughness reduction due to 475 brittleness.
- it is 10 ° C./sec or more.
- the effect is saturated at 20 ° C./sec or more. Thereby, the dispersion
- no change related to 475 brittleness can be found in the metal structure, it is confirmed that the precipitation of the Laves phase is eliminated or the precipitation amount of the Laves phase is 1% or less by mass ratio.
- the component composition of the present invention exhibits a sufficient effect at the above cooling rate. It is not necessary to dare to a cooling rate higher than the above (for example, 50 ° C./sec or more).
- the cooling rate after hot rolling annealing can be properly controlled, particularly by Cr, Si, and Ti. That is, it is limited to the low Cr component range to avoid 475 brittleness, and further, the Si and Ti contents are lowered to suppress the precipitation of the Laves phase.
- the reduction of Cr, Si, Ti has the effect of improving toughness by itself, so it is possible to easily manufacture thick hot-rolled coils with good toughness by limiting the component range and controlling the structure to avoid precipitation. is there.
- the toughness value by the Charpy test at 0 ° C. becomes 10 J / cm 2 or more, and excellent toughness is exhibited.
- the plate thickness is within the range of 5.0 mm to 9.0 mm. If it is less than 5.0 mm, excellent toughness is exhibited regardless of the present invention, and if it exceeds 9.0 mm, sufficient toughness cannot be exhibited even with the present invention, and manufacturing becomes difficult. It is.
- the ferritic stainless steel sheet and ferritic stainless steel strip of the present invention are excellent in corrosion resistance, toughness, and hard to break even when operated at 0 ° C. Therefore, the ferritic stainless steel sheet and ferritic stainless steel strip for automobile flanges Can be used particularly preferably.
- Example 1 Steels having the composition shown in Table 1 were melted and cast into slabs. The slab was heated to 1150 to 1250 ° C. and then hot-rolled to a plate thickness of 6 mm with a finishing temperature in the range of 850 to 950 ° C. to obtain a hot-rolled steel plate. In Table 1, numbers outside the scope of the present invention are underlined. The hot-rolled steel sheet was cooled to 450 ° C. by air-water cooling and then wound into a coil.
- the hot rolled coil was annealed at 1000 to 1100 ° C. and cooled to room temperature. At this time, the average cooling rate in the range of 800 to 450 ° C. was set to 10 ° C./s or more. Subsequently, the hot-rolled annealed plate was pickled to obtain a product. No. in Table 1 1 to 24 are examples of the present invention, NO. 25 to 45 are comparative examples.
- the Charpy impact test was conducted on the hot-rolled annealed sheet thus obtained at 0 ° C according to JIS Z. 2242. Since the test piece in this example is a sub-size test piece with the thickness of the hot-rolled annealed plate, the toughness of the hot-rolled annealed plate in each example is obtained by dividing the absorbed energy by the cross-sectional area (unit cm 2 ). Were compared and evaluated. The evaluation standard of toughness was an absorption energy value at 0 ° C., with 10 J / cm 2 or more being good and “G”.
- ⁇ ⁇ Punchability was evaluated by a punching test at a temperature of 0 ° C. With a press, 100 discs of 50 ⁇ were punched out and determined by the number of cracks on the end face. The number of cracks was 5 or less.
- the toughness of the hot-rolled annealed steel sheet having the component composition of the present invention was good and showed good punchability. Moreover, the corrosion resistance was also good. On the other hand, in the comparative example which deviates from the present invention, any of the Charpy impact value (absorbed energy), punchability and corrosion resistance was unacceptable. Thereby, it turns out that the toughness of the ferritic stainless steel in a comparative example and corrosion resistance are inferior.
- Example 2 In the present embodiment, an example in which the plate thickness and manufacturing conditions are changed is shown. No. in Table 1 3 steel, no. No. 8 steel, no. Nine steels were selected, steels having the same composition were melted and cast into slabs. The slab was heated to 1150 to 1250 ° C., the finishing temperature was in the range of 850 to 950 ° C., the plate thickness was changed in the range of 5 to 9 mm, and hot rolled to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet. The hot-rolled steel sheet was cooled to 450 ° C. by air-water cooling and then wound into a coil. Subsequently, the hot rolled coil was annealed and cooled to room temperature. The annealing temperature and cooling conditions at this time were changed.
- the hot-rolled annealed plate thus obtained was evaluated by the Charpy impact test, punching test, and salt spray test in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the evaluation criteria are the same.
- Table 2 shows experimental conditions and evaluation results.
- the stainless hot-rolled steel sheet and steel strip of the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance, excellent toughness, and is difficult to crack even when operated at 0 ° C.
- a stainless steel plate excellent in manufacturability can be produced. That is, by applying the material to which the present invention is applied, particularly to exhaust system members of automobiles and motorcycles, parts having a long life can be manufactured at low cost, and the social contribution can be increased. That is, the present invention is very useful industrially.
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Abstract
Description
(1)Crをできるだけ低減する。
(2)Siを低減する。
(3)Tiを無添加、又は、できるだけ低減する。
(4)Niを微量添加する。
(5)Bを微量添加する。
Cは、成形性と耐食性、熱延板靭性を劣化させるので、その含有量は少ないほど好ましい。また、本発明では、Cを炭窒化物として安定化させるためにNbを添加しているので、Nb量を低減する点においても、C量は少ないほど好ましい。したがって、C量の上限を0.015%とする。ただし、過度の低減は精錬コストの増加をもたらすので下限は0.001%とするのが好ましい。また、耐食性の観点を重視すると、0.002~0.010%とすることが好ましい。さらに、好ましくは、0.002~0.007%未満である。
Nは、Cと同様に、成形性、耐食性、及び熱延板靭性を劣化させるため、その含有量は少ないほど好ましい。また、本発明では、Nを炭窒化物として安定化させるためにNbを添加しているので、Nb量を低減する点においても、N量は少ないほど好ましい。したがって、N量の上限を0.020%とする。ただし、過度の低減は精錬コストの増加に繋がるため、下限は0.001%とするのが好ましい。耐食性を重視すると、0.002~0.015%とすることが好ましい。
Siは、脱酸剤としても有用な元素であるとともに、高温強度や耐酸化性を改善させる元素である。脱酸効果は、Si量の増加とともに向上し、その効果は0.01%以上で発現するので、Si量の下限を0.01%とする。Siの過度の添加は常温延性を低下させる。また、Siは、焼鈍後の冷却過程でLaves相の析出を促進し靭性を劣化させる作用もある。そのため、Si量の上限を0.4%とする。より、好ましくは、0.01~0.2%である。
Mnは、脱酸剤として添加される元素であるとともに、中温域での高温強度上昇に寄与する元素である。Mnは、靭性にあまり影響しない。上記の効果を得るためには、Mn量を0.01%以上とする必要がある。一方、過度な添加は、MnSを形成して耐食性を低下させるので、Mn量の上限を0.8%とする。好ましくは0.5%以下である。
Pは、固溶強化能の大きな元素であるが、フェライト安定化元素であり、しかも耐食性や靭性に対しても有害な元素であるので、可能な限り少ないほうが好ましい。
Sは、硫化物系介在物を形成し、鋼材の一般的な耐食性(全面腐食や孔食)を劣化させるので、その含有量は少ないほうが好ましく、0.010%とする。また、Sの含有量は少ないほど耐食性は良好となるが、低S化には脱硫負荷が増大し、製造コストが増大するので、その下限を0.001%とするのが好ましい。なお、好ましくは0.001~0.008%である。
Crは、耐食性確保のために必須の元素である。しかしながら、Crは、靭性を低下させる元素でもある。Crの含有量が14.0%未満では、耐食性確保の効果は得られず、Crの含有量が18.0%以上になると、特に低温での加工性の低下や靭性の劣化をもたらすので、Crの含有量は14.0~18.0%未満とする。焼鈍後の冷却過程での475脆性を回避するためには、Cr量は少ない方がよい。耐食性をより考慮すると、15.0~18.0%未満が好ましい。
Niは、孔食の進展抑制に有効な元素であり、その効果は0.05%以上の添加で安定して発揮される。併せて、熱延板の靱性向上に有効である。したがって、Ni量の下限を0.05%とする。0.10%以上とするとより効果的であり、0.15%以上がさらに有効である。多量の添加は、固溶強化による材質硬化を招くおそれがあるので、上限は1.0%とする。合金コストを考慮すると0.05~0.30%が好ましい。
Nbは、炭窒化物を形成することでステンレス鋼におけるクロム炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化や耐食性の低下を抑制する元素である。Nbの過度に添加すると、Laves相の生成に起因し、靭性が低下する。これらを考慮し、Nbの下限を0.3%、上限を0.6%とする。さらに、溶接部耐食性から、Nb/(C+N)を、ほぼ等量比である16を下限とする。より溶接部での鋭敏化を防止するためには、Nb/C+Nを20以上とするのが好ましい。式中、Nb、C、Nはそれぞれの成分含有量(質量%)を意味する。
Tiは、Nbと同様に炭窒化物を形成することで、ステンレス鋼におけるクロム炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化や耐食性の低下を抑制する元素である。しかしながら、形成されるTiNは大きな角状析出物であり、破壊の起点となりやすく、靭性を低下させる。また、Tiは、焼鈍後の冷却過程でLaves相の析出を促進し、靭性を劣化させる。したがって、本発明では、できるだけ低減する必要があり、その上限を0.05%とする。好ましくは、0.02%未満である。
Alは脱酸元素として有用であり、その効果は、0.005%以上で発現する。しかし、Alの過度の添加は、常温延性、靭性が低下するので、その上限を0.10%とする。Alは含有しなくてもよい。
Bは、加工性に有害なNの固定や、二次加工性改善に有効な元素であり、靭性の改善も期待できる。その効果は、0.0002%以上で発現するため、B量の下限は0.0002%とする。0.0020%を超えて添加してもその効果は飽和し、Bによる加工性劣化が起こるので、Bの上限は0.0020%とする。好ましくは0.0003%以上、0.0008%以下である。
Moは、耐食性を向上させるために必要に応じて添加すればよく、これらの効果を発揮させるためには、0.01%以上添加することが好ましい。より好ましくは0.10%以上、さらに好ましくは0.5%以上添加するのがよい。過度の添加は、Laves相の生成を生じさせて、靭性の低下を生じるおそれがある。しかしながら、本発明のように、Nbを多く含む鋼では、Laves相の生成もそれほど加速せず、靭性も低下しない。これらを考慮し、Mo量の上限は1.5%とする。好ましくは1.1%以下である。
Snは、耐食性や高温強度の向上に有効な元素である。また、常温の機械的特性を大きく劣化させない効果もある。耐食性への効果は0.005%以上で発現するため、0.005%以上添加することが好ましい。より好ましくは0.01%以上、さらに好ましくは0.03%以上添加するのがよい。過度に添加すると製造性や溶接性が著しく劣化するため、Sn量の上限は0.1%とする。
Cuは、耐食性を向上させる元素である。その効果は、0.05%以上で発現する。効果を得るためにより好ましい添加量は0.1%以上である。過度な添加は、熱延加熱時に異常酸化を生じ表面疵の原因ともなるため、Cu量の上限は1.5%とする。好ましくは1.0%以下、さらに好ましくは0.5%以下である。
V、Wは、高温強度を向上させる元素であり、必要に応じて添加することができる。高温強度向上の効果を得るためは、0.05%以上添加することが好ましい。より好ましくは0.1%以上である。過度の添加は、常温延性、靭性が低下するので、添加量の上限は1%とする。好ましくは0.5%以下である。
表1に示す成分組成の鋼を溶製してスラブに鋳造した。このスラブを1150~1250℃に加熱後、仕上げ温度を850~950℃の範囲内として、板厚6mmまで熱間圧延し、熱延鋼板とした。表1において、本発明範囲から外れる数値にはアンダーラインを付している。熱延鋼板は気水冷却により、450℃まで冷却した後、コイル状に巻き取った。
2242に準拠して行った。本実施例における試験片は、熱延焼鈍板の板厚ままのサブサイズ試験片であるので、吸収エネルギーを断面積(単位cm2)で割ることにより、各実施例における熱延焼鈍板の靭性を比較し評価した。なお、靭性の評価基準は、0℃での吸収エネルギー値で、10J/cm2以上を良好とし、「G」とした。
本実施例では、板厚及び製造条件を変えた例を示す。表1中のNo.3鋼、No.8鋼、No.9鋼を選び、その成分組成の鋼を溶製してスラブに鋳造した。このスラブを1150~1250℃に加熱後、仕上げ温度を850~950℃の範囲内として、板厚5~9mmの範囲で板厚を変えて、熱間圧延し、熱延鋼板とした。熱延鋼板は気水冷却により、450℃まで冷却した後、コイル状に巻き取った。引き続き、熱延コイルを焼鈍し、常温まで冷却した。この時の焼鈍温度、冷却条件を変更した。
Claims (6)
- 質量%で、
C:0.015%以下、
Si:0.01~0.4%、
Mn:0.01~0.8%、
P:0.04%以下、
S:0.01%以下、
Cr:14.0~18.0%未満、
Ni:0.05~1%、
Nb:0.3~0.6%、
Ti:0.05%以下、
N:0.020%以下、
Al:0.10%以下、及び
B:0.0002~0.0020%
を含有し、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物であり、
Nb、C、及びNの含有量が
Nb/(C+N)≧16
を満たし、
0℃におけるシャルピー衝撃値が10J/cm2以上であり、
板厚が5.0~9.0mmである
ことを特徴とするフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板。 - さらに、質量%で、Mo:1.5%以下、Sn:0.005~0.1%、Cu:0.05~1.5%、V:1%以下、及びW:1%以下の1種又は2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板。
- 溶解・鋳造-熱延-焼鈍-酸洗の工程の中で、焼鈍工程での焼鈍温度を1000℃以上1100℃以下、その後の冷却過程で、800℃から400℃までの冷却速度が5℃/sec以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板からなることを特徴とするフェライト系ステンレス鋼帯。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼板からなることを特徴とする自動車フランジ用フェライト系ステンレス鋼板。
- 請求項4に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延鋼帯からなることを特徴とする自動車フランジ用フェライト系ステンレス鋼帯。
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KR20180017177A (ko) | 2015-07-17 | 2018-02-20 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | 페라이트계 스테인리스 열연 강판 및 열연 어닐링판, 그리고 그들의 제조 방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2014157576A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
BR112015024500A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
US10385429B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 |
CA2907970C (en) | 2021-05-25 |
EP2980251A4 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
MX2015013765A (es) | 2016-02-26 |
JP5885884B2 (ja) | 2016-03-16 |
CA2907970A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
US20160053353A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
EP2980251B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
CN105051234B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
EP2980251A1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
BR112015024500B1 (pt) | 2020-05-12 |
CN105051234A (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
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