WO2013161247A1 - 発光素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
発光素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161247A1 WO2013161247A1 PCT/JP2013/002672 JP2013002672W WO2013161247A1 WO 2013161247 A1 WO2013161247 A1 WO 2013161247A1 JP 2013002672 W JP2013002672 W JP 2013002672W WO 2013161247 A1 WO2013161247 A1 WO 2013161247A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 191
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 13
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0095—Post-treatment of devices, e.g. annealing, recrystallisation or short-circuit elimination
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28575—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising AIIIBV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
- H01L21/3245—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering of AIIIBV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/45—Ohmic electrodes
- H01L29/452—Ohmic electrodes on AIII-BV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/40—Materials therefor
- H01L33/405—Reflective materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2933/00—Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2933/0008—Processes
- H01L2933/0016—Processes relating to electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a light emitting device in which a nitride semiconductor layer including a light emitting layer is stacked on a substrate, and a reflective layer including an Ag layer is stacked on the nitride semiconductor layer.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a known annealing process.
- Patent Document 1 for a nitride semiconductor element, after growing a nitride semiconductor on a substrate, a p-electrode capable of obtaining ohmic contact is formed on the surface of the p-type contact layer, and then a temperature range of 200 ° C. to 1200 ° C. It is described that the heat treatment is performed in an atmospheric gas containing oxygen and / or nitrogen.
- annealing is performed in an atmosphere of oxygen or oxygen and nitrogen.
- a metal layer made of silver (Ag layer) is used. Large wrinkles may occur on the metal layer, and the metal layer surface may become rough.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element capable of improving quality by reducing generation of wrinkles in an Ag layer due to annealing.
- a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element in which a nitride semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer is stacked over a light-transmitting substrate, and a reflective layer including an Ag layer is stacked over the nitride semiconductor layer, A first annealing step for annealing the reflective layer stacked on the nitride semiconductor layer with an inert gas as an atmospheric gas, and a second annealing for annealing with an inert gas containing oxygen as the atmospheric gas after the first annealing step. And a process.
- the present disclosure by performing the first annealing step with an inert gas, generation of soot in the Ag layer can be reduced, so that the quality can be improved.
- FIG. Diagram showing annealing conditions for the implemented product and the comparative product A diagram showing photographs and surface roughness of the actual product and comparative product (A) is an electron micrograph of a comparative product, (B) is an enlarged electron micrograph of (A). (A) is an electron micrograph of the product, (B) is an enlarged electron micrograph of (A).
- the figure which shows the relationship between the atmospheric temperature of a 1st annealing process, and surface roughness when the atmospheric temperature of a 2nd annealing process is 275 degreeC.
- the figure which shows the relationship between the atmospheric temperature of a 2nd annealing process, and the contact resistance when the atmospheric temperature of a 1st annealing process is 450 degreeC.
- a first aspect of the present disclosure is a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element in which a nitride semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer is stacked on a light-transmitting substrate, and a reflective electrode including an Ag layer is stacked on the nitride semiconductor layer. Then, the reflective electrode stacked on the nitride semiconductor layer is annealed with a gas containing at least an oxygen gas as the atmospheric gas after the first annealing process, which is annealed with an inert gas as the atmospheric gas. A second annealing step.
- generation of soot in the Ag layer can be reduced by performing the first annealing step with the inert gas before the second annealing step with the atmosphere gas containing oxygen gas.
- the first annealing step uses nitrogen gas as an inert gas.
- the atmospheric gas in the previous step can be an inert gas, particularly nitrogen gas.
- the second annealing step uses a mixed gas containing an oxygen gas and an inert gas as an atmospheric gas.
- the atmospheric gas in the subsequent process can be a mixed gas of an inert gas and an oxygen gas.
- the second annealing step uses nitrogen gas as an inert gas.
- the atmospheric gas in the post-process can be an inert gas, particularly nitrogen gas.
- the inert gas introduced in the first annealing step is continuously supplied also in the second annealing step, and oxygen gas is added.
- the inert gas is allowed to flow into the first annealing step and the second annealing step continuously, so that the inert gas is allowed to cool between the first annealing step and the second annealing step. It can also function as a cooling gas.
- the temperature of the atmospheric gas is higher in the first annealing step than in the second annealing step.
- generation of soot in the Ag layer can be effectively suppressed by setting the atmospheric temperature in the first annealing step to be higher than that in the second annealing step.
- the first annealing step is performed at an ambient temperature of 400 ° C. or higher.
- the Ag layer can have good surface roughness by setting the atmospheric temperature in the first annealing step to 400 ° C. or higher.
- the second annealing step is performed at an ambient temperature of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the Ag layer can have good contact resistance by setting the atmospheric temperature in the second annealing step to 200 ° C. or higher.
- an Ag layer is formed after forming a contact layer in ohmic contact with the semiconductor layer in the reflective electrode stacking step.
- the contact layer between the semiconductor layer and the Ag layer by forming the contact layer between the semiconductor layer and the Ag layer, the contact resistance of the Ag layer can be suppressed, and the occurrence of wrinkles in the Ag layer can be further suppressed.
- the light-emitting element 10 is a flip-chip type LED in which a nitride semiconductor layer is laminated on a light-transmitting substrate and an electrode for supplying power is formed.
- a GaN substrate 11 having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m is provided as the substrate.
- an N-GaN layer 12 a that is an n-type layer, a light emitting layer 12 b, and a P-GaN layer 12 c that is a p-type layer are stacked in a stacking process as a semiconductor layer 12 made of nitride.
- a buffer layer may be provided between the GaN substrate 11 and the N-GaN layer 12a.
- the n-type dopant for the N-GaN layer 12a Si or Ge can be preferably used.
- the N-GaN layer 12a is formed with a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- the light emitting layer 12b contains at least Ga and N, and a desired emission wavelength can be obtained by containing an appropriate amount of In as necessary.
- the light emitting layer 12b may have a single layer structure, but for example, may have a multi-quantum well structure in which at least a pair of InGaN layers and GaN layers are alternately stacked. The luminance can be further improved by forming the light emitting layer 12b with a multi-quantum well structure.
- the P-GaN layer 12c can be an AlGaN layer having a thickness of 135 nm to 0.06 ⁇ m.
- the semiconductor layer 12 can be formed on the GaN substrate 11 by an epitaxial growth technique such as the MOVPE method. It is also possible.
- n electrode 13 and a p electrode 14 are formed on the semiconductor layer 12.
- the n-electrode 13 is provided in a region on the N-GaN layer 12a obtained by etching the P-GaN layer 12c, the light emitting layer 12b, and a part of the N-GaN layer 12a.
- the n-electrode 13 is formed by laminating an Al layer 13a, a Ti layer 13b, and an Au layer 13c.
- the p-electrode 14 is stacked on the remaining etched P-GaN layer 12c.
- the p electrode 14 is formed by laminating a Ni layer 14a and an Ag layer 14b.
- the p electrode 14 functions as a reflective electrode by including the Ag layer 14b having a high reflectance.
- the Ni layer 14a functions as a contact layer (adhesive layer) that makes ohmic contact by improving the adhesion between the P-GaN layer 12c and the Ag layer 14b.
- the film thickness of the Ni layer 14a can be in the range of 0.1 nm to 5 nm.
- a protective layer is formed by laminating an SiO 2 layer 15 around the p-electrode 14 and on the side surface of the P-GaN layer 12c, the side surface of the light emitting layer 12b, and the surface of the N-GaN layer 12a exposed by etching. Is formed.
- a Ti layer 16 in which Ti that functions as a barrier electrode is laminated is laminated to a thickness of 100 nm.
- the Ti layer 16 is formed in a wider range than the p electrode 14.
- the Ti layer 16 can be formed as follows. After the SiO 2 layer 15 is laminated and the p electrode 14 is laminated, the mask pattern for forming the p electrode 14 is removed, Ti is laminated, and the Ti layer 16 is made wider than the Ag layer 14b by wet etching. Form. By doing so, the Ti layer 16 having a wider contour shape than the p-electrode 14 is formed.
- a cover electrode is formed by laminating a multilayer film layer 17 including an Au layer on the Ti layer 16 and the SiO 2 layer 15.
- the multilayer film layer 17 including the Au layer is formed to a thickness of 1000 nm.
- an Al layer, a Ti layer, a Pt layer, a Pd layer, a W layer, and the like can be combined in addition to the Au layer.
- the Ti layer 16 may be laminated with a thickness of 100 nm or more.
- the annealing process can be performed by a general annealing apparatus capable of adjusting the temperature. As shown in FIG. 2, the annealing process is performed by a first annealing process which is a pre-process and a second annealing process which is a post-process.
- an inert gas is raised as an atmospheric gas to an atmospheric temperature of 450 ° C. and heated for about 1 minute.
- nitrogen gas, argon gas, krypton gas, xenon gas, neon gas, radon gas, or a mixed gas obtained by mixing them can be used.
- the first annealing step When the first annealing step is completed, cooling is performed while continuously flowing an inert gas, and if cooling is performed to a predetermined temperature (for example, 75 ° C.), oxygen gas is then added to the inert gas to continuously A second annealing step is performed.
- a predetermined temperature for example, 75 ° C.
- oxygen gas is then added to the inert gas to continuously
- a second annealing step is performed.
- the inert gas can function as a cooling gas in the cooling period between the first annealing step and the second annealing step. Can be made. Note that the inert gas does not have to flow continuously into the first annealing step and the second annealing step.
- a mixed gas of oxygen gas and inert gas is used as an atmospheric gas, and the temperature is raised to 275 ° C. and heated for about 1 minute.
- the inert gas used in the first annealing step can be used as the inert gas in the second annealing step.
- nitrogen gas, argon gas, krypton gas, xenon gas, neon gas, radon gas, or a mixed gas obtained by mixing them can be used.
- the first annealing step using an inert gas and the second annealing step using an atmospheric gas containing oxygen gas are performed.
- the generation of wrinkles in the layer can be reduced. Therefore, the quality of the light emitting element can be improved.
- the semiconductor layer 12 was laminated on the GaN substrate 11, the Ni layer 14a and the Ag layer 14b were laminated, and the effect of the annealing treatment was measured on the degree of occurrence of wrinkles.
- the degree of wrinkle generation can be determined by measuring the surface roughness Ra (centerline average roughness).
- a product obtained by performing the first annealing step and the second annealing step is an actual product
- a product before the annealing treatment is a comparative product 1
- a product obtained by performing only the second annealing process is a comparative product 2. It was.
- FIG. 3 shows the layer thicknesses of the Ni layer 14a and the Ag layer 14b of the implemented product, the comparative product 1 and the comparative product 2, and the annealing conditions thereof.
- the layer thickness of the Ni layer 14a was 0.3 nm
- the layer thickness of the Ag layer 14b was 160 nm.
- the Ni layer 14a has a thickness of 0.5 nm
- the Ag layer 14b has a thickness of 100 nm.
- the atmosphere gas is used as the atmosphere gas
- the temperature is 450 ° C.
- the annealing time is 1 minute.
- a mixed gas of oxygen gas and nitrogen gas with a ratio of 1: 4 is used as the atmosphere gas, the temperature is 275 ° C., and the annealing time is 1 minute.
- the surface roughness Ra was measured by observing with an atomic force microscope (AFM) in a state where the Ag layer 14b was formed.
- the layer thickness of the Ag layer 14b is 100 nm.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the Ag layer 14b at 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m is 4.351 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 nm
- the Ag layer 14b Within the range of 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m of the surface, the local range at 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m was 1.779 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 nm.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the Ag layer 14b at 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m was 2.190 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 nm, and 1 in the local range at 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. It was 338 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 nm. This is a better result than that without annealing.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the Ag layer 14b at 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m is 1.384 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 nm, which is local at 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. even better results as 7.148 ⁇ 10 -2 nm in the range is obtained.
- the Ni layer 14a is formed thicker than the Ni layer 14a of the implementation product, wrinkles generated in the Ag layer 14b should be suppressed from the implementation product.
- the surface roughness of the actual product is improved by about 37% as a whole and about 47% in the local range as compared with the comparative product 2.
- a Ni layer 14a having a layer thickness of 0.3 nm and an Ag layer 14b having a layer thickness of 160 nm and subjected to the second annealing step is manufactured as a comparative product 3 (see FIG. 3).
- the cross sections of the product and comparative product 3 were observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B) showing the cross-section of the product there is no deviation in the Ag layer 14b in the product. Therefore, since the Ag layer 14b becomes a non-raised layer, no ridges appearing on the surface of the Ag layer 14b appear, so that the surface roughness of the Ag layer 14b is kept low.
- the first annealing step is performed before the second annealing step.
- the second annealing step is performed at an atmospheric temperature of 275 ° C., the surface roughness Ra when the first annealing step is not performed is 100%, and the atmospheric temperature of the first annealing step is changed from 350 ° C. to 500 ° C. I made a graph.
- the improvement was about 78% at 350 ° C., an improvement of about 22%, the improvement of about 70% at 450 ° C., the improvement of about 30%, and the improvement of about 68% at 500 ° C., an improvement of about 32%. From this, it can be seen that the first annealing step preferably has an atmospheric temperature of 400 ° C. or higher.
- the first annealing step is performed at an ambient temperature of 450 ° C.
- the contact resistance of the Ag layer 14b when the second annealing step is not performed is 100%
- the atmospheric temperature of the second annealing step is from 200 ° C.
- the graph was changed to 350 ° C.
- the improvement was about 48% at about 52% at 200 ° C., about 67% improvement at about 33% at 275 ° C., and about 61% improvement at about 39% at 350 ° C. From this, it can be seen that the second annealing step preferably has an atmospheric temperature of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the transmittance of the Ag layer 14b was measured at 100 nm, 160 nm, and 200 nm.
- Other conditions are the same as those of the embodiment products shown in FIGS.
- the transmittance When the layer thickness of the Ag layer 14b is 100 nm, the transmittance is about 0.039, and when it is 160 nm, the transmittance is greatly improved to about 0.024. Further, when the thickness of the Ag layer 14b is 200 nm, the transmittance is about 0.023.
- the layer thickness of the Ag layer 14b is preferably 100 nm or more, and more preferably 160 nm or more because the transmittance is greatly improved.
- the Ag layer 14b is preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or less so that the Ag layer 14b can be lifted off when patterning with a photoresist.
- the Ni layer 14a made of Ni is stacked on the semiconductor layer 12 as a contact layer in ohmic contact with the semiconductor layer 12.
- a Pt layer, a Pd layer, or the like may be stacked as a contact layer. .
- the substrate is a GaN substrate, but is not limited to this, and may be a sapphire substrate or a SiC substrate, for example.
- the nitride semiconductor layer is composed of an N-GaN layer, a light emitting layer, and a P-GaN layer, but is not limited to this, and may be, for example, P-AlGaN or n-AlInGaN.
- a nitride semiconductor layer including a light emitting layer is stacked on the substrate, and a reflective layer including an Ag layer is stacked on the nitride semiconductor layer. It is suitable for the manufacturing method of the light emitting element used.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態に係る発光素子を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1に示す発光素子について、GaN基板11に半導体層12を積層し、Ni層14a、Ag層14bを積層してアニール処理の効果を皺の発生度合いを測定した。皺の発生度合いは、表面粗さRa(中心線平均粗さ)を測定することで判定できる。
11 GaN基板(基板)
12 窒化物半導体層
12a N-GaN層
12b 発光層
12c P-GaN層
13 n電極
13a Al層
13b Ti層
13c Au層
14 p電極(反射電極)
14a Ni層(コンタクト層)
14b Ag層
15 SiO2層
16 Ti層
17 多層膜層
Claims (9)
- 光透過性を有する基板に発光層を含む窒化物半導体層が積層され、前記窒化物半導体層に、Ag層を含む反射電極が積層される発光素子の製造方法であって、
前記窒化物半導体層に積層された前記反射電極を、雰囲気ガスとして、不活性ガスによりアニールする第1アニール工程と、
前記第1アニール工程の後に、雰囲気ガスとして、少なくとも酸素ガスを含むガスによりアニールする第2アニール工程とを含む
ことを特徴とする発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1アニール工程は、前記不活性ガスとして、窒素ガスを用いる
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1または2において、
前記第2アニール工程は、前記雰囲気ガスとして、酸素ガスと不活性ガスとを含む混合ガスを用いる
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項3において、
前記第2アニール工程は、前記不活性ガスとして、窒素ガスを用いる
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項3において、
前記第1アニール工程にて流入させた不活性ガスを、引き続いて前記第2アニール工程においても連続的に流入させると共に、酸素ガスを添加する
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のうちいずれか1項において、
前記第1アニール工程は、前記第2アニール工程より雰囲気ガスの温度が高い
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1~6のうちいずれか1項において、
前記第1アニール工程は、400℃以上の雰囲気温度で行う
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1~7のうちいずれか1項において、
前記第2アニール工程は、200℃以上の雰囲気温度で行う
発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1~8のうちいずれか1項において、
前記反射電極の積層工程において、前記窒化物半導体層にオーミック接触するコンタクト層を形成した後に、前記Ag層を形成する
発光素子の製造方法。
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PCT/JP2013/002672 WO2013161247A1 (ja) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-19 | 発光素子の製造方法 |
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US (1) | US20150037917A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2013161247A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150037917A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-02-05 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for manufacturing light-emitting element |
JPWO2019150825A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-02-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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US10957665B2 (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2021-03-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Direct C4 to C4 bonding without substrate |
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JP2002368270A (ja) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-20 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Iii族窒化物系化合物半導体素子の製造方法 |
JP2005197687A (ja) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-07-21 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 化合物半導体発光素子の低抵抗電極及びそれを用いた化合物半導体発光素子 |
JP2008171884A (ja) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-24 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電極の形成方法 |
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JP3620926B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-16 | 2005-02-16 | 豊田合成株式会社 | p伝導形3族窒化物半導体の電極及び電極形成方法及び素子 |
US6121127A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 2000-09-19 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Methods and devices related to electrodes for p-type group III nitride compound semiconductors |
EP0926744B8 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2008-05-21 | Philips Lumileds Lighting Company, LLC. | Light emitting device |
TW386286B (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-04-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | An ohmic contact of semiconductor and the manufacturing method |
US6287947B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-09-11 | Lumileds Lighting, U.S. Llc | Method of forming transparent contacts to a p-type GaN layer |
WO2006006822A1 (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-01-19 | Gwangju Institute Of Science And Technology | Flip-chip light emitting diodes and method of manufacturing thereof |
JP4952534B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-20 | 2012-06-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法 |
KR101824124B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-28 | 2018-02-01 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 반도체 장치 및 그 제작 방법 |
WO2013161247A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | 発光素子の製造方法 |
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2013
- 2013-04-19 WO PCT/JP2013/002672 patent/WO2013161247A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-04-19 US US14/387,441 patent/US20150037917A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-04-19 JP JP2014512342A patent/JPWO2013161247A1/ja active Pending
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JP2002368270A (ja) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-20 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Iii族窒化物系化合物半導体素子の製造方法 |
JP2005197687A (ja) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-07-21 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 化合物半導体発光素子の低抵抗電極及びそれを用いた化合物半導体発光素子 |
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US20150037917A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-02-05 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for manufacturing light-emitting element |
JPWO2019150825A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-02-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
US11183615B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2021-11-23 | Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan | Semiconductor device |
US11417805B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2022-08-16 | Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan | Semiconductor device |
US11742461B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2023-08-29 | Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan | Semiconductor device |
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JPWO2013161247A1 (ja) | 2015-12-21 |
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