WO2013058255A1 - ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物および発泡成形体 - Google Patents
ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物および発泡成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013058255A1 WO2013058255A1 PCT/JP2012/076762 JP2012076762W WO2013058255A1 WO 2013058255 A1 WO2013058255 A1 WO 2013058255A1 JP 2012076762 W JP2012076762 W JP 2012076762W WO 2013058255 A1 WO2013058255 A1 WO 2013058255A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1376—Foam or porous material containing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polypropylene resin composition and a foamed molded article, and relates to a polypropylene resin composition that is excellent in closed cell properties and extrusion characteristics, can be obtained as a foam molded product that is lightweight, rigid, and excellent in recyclability. And a foamed molded article using the same.
- Polyolefin resin foams are widely used in applications such as core materials, building materials, stationery and food containers for automobile interiors because they are lightweight and have excellent heat resistance and impact resistance.
- a polyolefin resin foam is, for example, extruded and foamed under atmospheric pressure from a die attached to the end of the extruder after kneading various foaming agents under pressure with a polyolefin resin melted by an extruder. Can be obtained.
- cells individual bubbles having a gas partial pressure generated in the molten resin, and the individual cells burst. Therefore, there is a problem that open bubbles are easily generated.
- a polypropylene tree characterized by high melt tension for example, a propylene resin subjected to electron beam crosslinking as described in Patent Document 1 or a peroxide as described in Patent Documents 2, 3 and 4
- Propylene-based resins that have been cross-linked using a resin are commercially available, but melting hearing improvement by cross-linking treatment is achieved when the ear part during foam sheet molding and unnecessary parts after container molding are restored to foam sheet molding again.
- the deterioration of physical properties is remarkably disadvantageous in terms of cost, and since it is cross-linked, it is not satisfactory in terms of extrusion stability and odor.
- the present invention has been made under such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a foam excellent in closed cell property and extrusion moldability, and lightweight and rigid and recyclable. It was made.
- the present inventors have obtained a material composed of a polypropylene resin composition having a specific configuration and a foaming agent, thereby being excellent in closed cell properties and extrusion moldability, and being lightweight and rigid.
- the inventors have found that a foam having a characteristic and excellent recyclability can be produced, and has completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides the following polypropylene resin composition and foamed molded article.
- [1] It comprises at least two components of the following component (A) and component (B), and the content of component (A) is 100% by weight based on the total of 100% by weight of component (A) and component (B)
- a polypropylene resin composition characterized by being less than 100% by weight and 70% by weight or more, and the content of component (B) is 0% by weight or more than 0% by weight and 30% by weight or less.
- A1) and component (A2) are polymerized by a multi-stage polymerization method, the content of component (A1) is 1 to 20% by weight, the content of component (A2) is 99 to 80% by weight (however, the component (A A1) and the component (A2) are 100% by weight.),
- the melt flow rate is in the range of 5 to 20 g / 10 min, the temperature is 180 ° C., and the strain rate is 10 s ⁇ 1 .
- a propylene-based resin composition that exhibits strain hardening in measurement.
- (A-1) ⁇ -olefin content of 15 to 85% by weight (provided that the total amount of monomers constituting component (A1) is 100% by weight)
- (A-2) Intrinsic viscosity ⁇ is 5 to 20 dl / g (A-3) Mw / Mn is 5 to 15
- component (B2)) having a content of ⁇ -olefin other than propylene of 1 to 15% by weight, and comprising component (B1) and component (B2) Polymerized by a multistage polymerization method, the content of component (B1) is 50 to
- a propylene-based resin composition that satisfies the following conditions (B-1) to (B-3).
- B-1) MFR is 0.1 to 20 g / 10 min.
- B-2) The relationship between melt tension (MT) and MFR satisfies the following formula: logMT> ⁇ 0.97 ⁇ logMFR + 1.23
- Longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) is 100 seconds or more
- the component (A) has a strain hardening index ⁇ max (10) of 1.2 or more in an extensional viscosity measurement measured at a temperature of 180 ° C. and a strain rate of 10 s ⁇ 1 . 3].
- a polypropylene-based resin foam thermoformed article obtained by thermoforming the foam sheet according to [6].
- the polypropylene-based resin composition of the present invention provides a foam having excellent closed cell properties and extrusion moldability, light weight and rigidity, and excellent recyclability, and is particularly suitable for foaming (multilayer) sheets in extrusion foam molding.
- the polypropylene-based (multilayer) foamed sheet obtained by thermoforming can be used to obtain a molded product of uniform and fine foam cells.
- a uniform and fine foamed hollow molding can be obtained also by adding a foaming agent to the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention, extruding it into a parison, and then blow-molding it in a mold.
- these molded bodies are excellent in appearance, thermoformability, impact resistance, light weight, rigidity, heat resistance, heat insulation, oil resistance, etc., so stationery files, food containers, beverage cups, display housings, It can be suitably used for automobile parts, industrial industry parts, trays and the like.
- the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention comprises at least two components of the following component (A) and component (B), and the component (A) is based on a total of 100% by weight of component (A) and component (B).
- the content is 100% by weight or less than 100% by weight and 70% by weight or more, and the content of the component (B) is 0% by weight or more than 0% by weight and 30% by weight or less.
- A1) and component (A2) are polymerized by a multi-stage polymerization method, the content of component (A1) is 1 to 20% by weight, the content of component (A2) is 99 to 80% by weight (however, the component (A A1) and the component (A2) are 100% by weight.),
- the melt flow rate is in the range of 5 to 20 g / 10 min, the temperature is 180 ° C., and the strain rate is 10 s ⁇ 1 .
- a propylene-based resin composition that exhibits strain hardening in measurement.
- component (B1) is 50 to 90% by weight
- content of component (B2) is 50 to 10% by weight (provided that component (B1) and component ( B2) is 100% by weight.)
- B-1) MFR is 0.1 to 20 g / 10 min.
- B-2) The relationship between melt tension (MT) and MFR satisfies the following formula: logMT> ⁇ 0.97 ⁇ logMFR + 1.23
- Longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) is 100 seconds or more
- the propylene resin composition (component (A)) is the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention.
- Component (A) is at least a propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (component (A1)) and a propylene homopolymer (component (A2)) that satisfy the following conditions (A-1) to (A-3): It consists of two components, and the content of component (A1) is 1 to 20% by weight and the content of component (A2) is 99 to 80% by weight based on the total of 100% by weight of component (A1) and component (A2) Yes, Obtained by polymerizing component (A1) and component (A2) by a multistage polymerization method, The melt flow rate is in the range of 5-20 g / 10 min, It is a propylene-based resin composition that exhibits strain-hardening properties in an extensional viscosity measurement measured in an extensional viscosity measurement measured at a temperature of 180 ° C.
- the propylene resin composition (A) constituting the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention comprises at least the component (A1) and the component (A2).
- the component (A1) and the component (A2) constituting the component (A) will be described in detail.
- Component (A1) is a propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the ⁇ -olefin is preferably an alkene having 12 or less carbon atoms excluding propylene such as ethylene, butene, pentene, hexene, heptene, nonene, deken, 1methylbutene, and 1methylpentene, and ethylene is particularly preferable.
- the ⁇ -olefin content is 15 to 85% by weight when the total amount of monomers constituting the component (A1) is 100% by weight, and the preferred lower limit is 16% by weight or 17% by weight. %, 20%, 30% or 40% by weight.
- a preferable upper limit may be 75% by weight, 60% by weight, 50% by weight or 45% by weight.
- the upper limit value and lower limit value can be arbitrarily combined.
- Preferable ranges include 16 to 70% by weight, 17 to 50% by weight, 40 to 60% by weight and the like.
- the component (A1) is effective for suppressing the growth of foamed bubbles, that is, for reducing the simultaneous cell ratio, and ensuring the impact resistance of the foamed molded product, viscosity adjustment, extensibility during container molding, and the like.
- the compatibility with the component (A2) is improved, and the effect of suppressing the growth of foamed bubbles is reduced.
- compatibility with a component (A2) will deteriorate on the contrary, the interface strength between a component (A1) and a component (A2) will become weak, and the effect which suppresses the growth of a foam bubble is effective. To reduce.
- the component (A1) needs to have an intrinsic viscosity ⁇ of 5 to 20 dl / g, preferably 6.5 to 17 dl / g, 8 to 15 dl / g, and 10 to 20 dl / g.
- the reason why the intrinsic viscosity ⁇ is in such a range is that the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer suppresses the bubble growth, and the higher the molecular weight, the higher the effect of suppressing the expansion deformation of the bubble partition wall, which is too large. This is because the growth of bubbles is hindered.
- the intrinsic viscosity is a value measured using a Ubbelohde capillary viscometer using a temperature of 135 ° C., decalin as a solvent.
- a small amount of the component (A2) in the course of sequential polymerization is taken out, the intrinsic viscosity is measured, and further, the intrinsic viscosity of the entire component after the completion of sequential polymerization is measured.
- Intrinsic viscosity of component (A1) [Intrinsic viscosity of the entire component ⁇ ⁇ Intrinsic viscosity of component (A2) ⁇ Weight fraction of component (A2) / 100 ⁇ ] / ⁇ Weight fraction of component (A1) / 100 ⁇
- the Mw / Mn of the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer needs to be 5 to 15, and preferably 10 to 15.
- Mw / Mn is an index indicating the breadth of the molecular weight distribution, and since the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer suppresses bubble growth, the wider the molecular weight distribution, the more efficiently the expansion deformation of the bubble partition can be suppressed. is there. If it is 5 or less, the effect is hardly exhibited, and if it is 15 or more, it is extremely difficult to produce.
- Component (A2) is a propylene homopolymer.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) at 230 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg is preferably 2 to 80 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 5 to 40 g / 10 minutes, It is preferably 10 to 30 g / 10 minutes.
- MFR is a value measured under a load of 230 ° C. and 2.16 kg in accordance with JIS K7210.
- the stereoregularity of the propylene homopolymer is preferably 96% or more, and more preferably 96.5% or more.
- the stereoregularity is a value measured by a 13 C-NMR method.
- the propylene-based resin composition (component (A)) constituting the polypropylene-based resin composition of the present invention comprises a propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (component (A1)) satisfying the above conditions, the component (A1) and 1 to 20% by weight based on the total of 100% by weight of component (A2), propylene homopolymer as component (A2), 99 to 80% by weight based on the total of 100% by weight of component (A1) and component (A2) %.
- the component (A1) is a component that has the effect of suppressing the growth of foamed bubbles, but in order to maintain good mechanical properties and the like, it is necessary to be 1 to 20% by weight, Preferably, it is 3 to 10% by weight. If the amount is less than 1% by weight, the effect of suppressing the growth of foam bubbles is reduced, and the rigidity of the material is increased, but the impact resistance is lowered. If the amount is more than 20% by weight, the rigidity is insufficient and the viscosity of the entire resin increases. As a result, the formation of bubble nuclei is reduced, bubble growth is inhibited, and the expansion ratio is reduced.
- the preferred content of component (A1) and component (A2) is 3 to 10% by weight for component (A1) and 97 to 90% by weight for component (A2).
- composition of component (A1) and component (A2) is produced by polymerization by a multistage polymerization method. Producing by multi-stage polymerization is preferable because the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (component (A1)) can be finely dispersed, so that each performance can be exhibited.
- the propylene-based resin composition (component (A)) obtained by the multistage polymerization method has a melt flow rate (measured at MFR, 230 ° C., 2.16 kg load) of 5 to 20 g / 10 minutes, preferably 8 It is necessary to adjust the molecular weight of the propylene homopolymer so that it is maintained at ⁇ 15 g / 10 min.
- the melt flow rate is a value that affects the moldability and the bubble state. If it is too low, the bubble growth is inhibited, the expansion ratio is lowered, and further, the formation of bubble nuclei is reduced and fine cells cannot be obtained. . If it is high, it becomes difficult to maintain drawdown in extrusion molding, and molding becomes difficult.
- the component (A1) and the component (A2) themselves may be polymerized by a single stage polymerization method or a multistage polymerization method.
- the propylene-based resin composition (component (A)) constituting the polypropylene-based resin composition of the present invention has a temperature of 180 ° C. in order to obtain a fine and independent cell state while maintaining good cell growth.
- Strain hardenability is shown in the extensional viscosity measurement measured at a strain rate of 10 s ⁇ 1 .
- the strain hardening index ⁇ max (10) measured at a temperature of 180 ° C. and a strain rate of 10 s ⁇ 1 is preferably 1.2 or more, and more preferably 1.8 or more.
- the upper limit of ⁇ max (10) is not set, but is usually about 10 or less.
- a method for measuring the strain hardening index ⁇ max (10) of the propylene resin composition and the polypropylene resin composition will be described.
- the viscosity immediately before strain hardening is approximated by a straight line.
- a generally used press molding machine is used as a sample preparation method.
- the temperature of the press molding machine is set to 190 ° C., and preheating is performed for 90 seconds without applying pressure. Then, as deaeration, it hold
- the slope at each time when the extensional viscosity is plotted against time is obtained.
- various averaging methods are used. Is used. For example, there is a method of obtaining the slope of adjacent data and taking a moving average of several surrounding points.
- the slope tends to decrease with time in the low strain region, but tends to increase from the strain amount of about 1, and an inflection point exists on the curve when the extensional viscosity is plotted against time.
- the range of the distortion amount of about 0.1 to 2.5 a point where the slope of each time obtained above takes the minimum value is obtained, and a tangent line is drawn at that point, and the straight line has a distortion amount of 4.0.
- ⁇ max / ⁇ lin is defined as ⁇ max (10).
- CFC T-100 (hereinafter abbreviated as “CFC”) manufactured by Dia Instruments Co., Ltd.
- CFC CFC T-100
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrum analysis
- the transfer line from the outlet of the solution eluted from the CFC to the FT-IR is 1 m long, and the temperature is maintained at 140 ° C. throughout the measurement.
- the flow cell attached to the FT-IR has an optical path length of 1 mm and an optical path width of 5 mm ⁇ , and the temperature is maintained at 140 ° C. throughout the measurement.
- Gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as “GPC”)
- GPC Gel permeation chromatography
- W40 + W100 + W140 100.
- Each fractionated fraction is automatically transported to the FT-IR analyzer as it is.
- the ethylene content distribution (distribution of ethylene content along the molecular weight axis) of each eluted component is a ratio of the absorbance at 2956 cm ⁇ 1 and the absorbance at 2927 cm ⁇ 1 obtained by GPC-IR, and is obtained by using polyethylene, polypropylene, or 13 Converted to ethylene content (% by weight) using a calibration curve prepared in advance using ethylene-propylene-rubber (EPR) and mixtures thereof whose ethylene content is known by C-NMR measurement etc. And ask.
- the content of the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (component (A1)) in the polypropylene resin composition in the present invention is described as a propylene-ethylene copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “EP”) in which the ⁇ -olefin is ethylene. ))
- EP propylene-ethylene copolymer
- EP content (% by weight) W40 ⁇ A40 / B40 + W100 ⁇ A100 / B100 + W140 ⁇ A140 / B140 (I)
- W40, W100, and W140 are the elution ratios (unit:% by weight) in each of the above-mentioned fractions, and A40, A100, and A140 are in the respective fractions corresponding to W40, W100, and W140.
- Average ethylene content (unit:% by weight) in actual measurement, and B40, B100, and B140 are ethylene contents (unit:% by weight) of the propylene-ethylene copolymer contained in each fraction. , A140, B40, B100, and B140 will be described later.
- the meaning of the formula (I) is as follows.
- the first term on the right side of formula (I) is a term for calculating the amount of EP contained in fraction 1 (portion soluble at 40 ° C.).
- fraction 1 contains only EP and no propylene homopolymer (hereinafter referred to as “PP”)
- PP propylene homopolymer
- W40 contributes to the EP content derived from fraction 1 in the whole, but fraction 1
- a small amount of PP-derived component is included, so that part needs to be corrected. Therefore, by multiplying W40 by A40 / B40, the amount derived from the EP component in fraction 1 is calculated.
- the average ethylene contents corresponding to fractions 1 to 3 obtained by CFC measurement are A40, A100, and A140, respectively (units are% by weight). A method for obtaining the average ethylene content will be described later.
- B40 (unit is% by weight).
- B40, B100, and B140 are the ethylene content of EP contained in each fraction, but it is practically impossible to obtain this value analytically. The reason is that there is no means for completely separating and separating PP and EP mixed in the fraction. As a result of examination using various model samples, it was found that B40 can explain the effect of improving material properties well by using the ethylene content corresponding to the peak position of the differential molecular weight distribution curve of fraction 1.
- EP content is determined according to the following formula (II).
- EP content (% by weight) W40 ⁇ A40 / B40 + W100 ⁇ A100 / 100 + W140 ⁇ A140 / 100 (II) That is, W40 ⁇ A40 / B40, which is the first term on the right side of the formula (II), indicates EP content (% by weight) having no crystallinity, and W100 ⁇ A100 / 100 + W140, which is the sum of the second term and the third term.
- X A140 / 100 indicates the EP content (% by weight) having crystallinity.
- the average ethylene contents A40, A100, and A140 of the respective fractions 1 to 3 obtained by the B40 and CFC measurement are obtained as follows.
- Fraction 1 fractionated according to the difference in crystal distribution was converted into a molecular weight distribution curve by measuring the molecular weight distribution with a GPC column constituting a part of the CFC analyzer, and FT-IR connected after the GPC column. A corresponding distribution curve of the ethylene content is determined.
- the ethylene content corresponding to the peak position of the differential molecular weight distribution curve is B40. Further, the total sum of the products of the weight ratio for each data point and the ethylene content for each data point taken as data points at the time of measurement is the average ethylene content A40.
- 40 ° C. is a temperature that is necessary and sufficient to fractionate only non-crystalline polymers (for example, most of EP or extremely low molecular weight components and atactic components in PP). It has a significance as a condition.
- 100 ° C. means only components that are insoluble at 40 ° C. but become soluble at 100 ° C. (for example, components having crystallinity due to the chain of ethylene and / or propylene and PP having low crystallinity in EP)
- the temperature is necessary and sufficient to elute.
- 140 ° C. means only components that are insoluble at 100 ° C. but become soluble at 140 ° C.
- Ethylene content (% by weight) in EP (W40 ⁇ A40 + W100 ⁇ A100 + W140 ⁇ A140) / [EP] (III)
- [EP] is the EP content (% by weight) obtained previously.
- the ethylene content (E) (% by weight) of the portion having no crystallinity is approximated by the value of B40 since the elution of the rubber portion is almost completed at 40 ° C. or less.
- the ethylene content of the component (A1) is less than 15 wt%, and there is no significant difference in crystallinity with the component (A2). In the case where it is not possible to carry out in a short time, accurate analysis becomes difficult.
- the component (A1) is withdrawn in the middle of the sequential polymerization, and its molecular weight (when the comonomer is copolymerized, the comonomer content is also measured) is further measured.
- the weight ratio of the component (A1) and the component (A2) is determined by direct weighing, etc., and the ⁇ -olefin content of the entire component (A1) at the end of sequential polymerization is measured. It is preferable to determine the comonomer content of component (A1) by using an additive rule.
- the quantity ratio of the component (A1) and the component (A2) when manufacturing the components (A1) and the component (A2) having different average molecular weights to some extent, the entire GPC measurement after completion of the sequential polymerization is performed.
- the obtained multimodal molecular weight distribution curve can be peak-separated using commercially available data analysis software or the like, and the weight ratio can be calculated.
- requiring the quantity of a component (A2) about the intrinsic viscosity of a component (A2), the intrinsic viscosity of the component (A1) by the amount of a component (A2) and the extracted product evaluation in the middle of polymerization, and (Y) From the total intrinsic viscosity, it can be determined by the following formula.
- Intrinsic viscosity of component (A1) [(Y) intrinsic viscosity of the entire component ⁇ ⁇ inherent viscosity of component (A2) ⁇ weight fraction of component (A2) / 100 ⁇ ] / ⁇ weight fraction of component (A1) / 100 ⁇
- the method for producing the propylene-based resin composition of component (A) is performed by a multistage polymerization method, but is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-described characteristics. Among known multistage polymerization methods and conditions, Is appropriately selected. As the propylene polymerization catalyst, a highly stereoregular catalyst is usually used.
- a catalyst comprising a combination of a titanium trichloride composition obtained by reducing titanium tetrachloride with an organoaluminum compound and further treating with various electron donors and electron acceptors, an organoaluminum compound and an aromatic carboxylic acid ester (See JP-A-56-100806, JP-A-56-120712, JP-A-58-104907), and a support in which titanium tetrachloride and various electron donors are brought into contact with magnesium halide.
- Ziegler catalysts such as type catalysts (see JP-A-57-63310, JP-A-63-43915, and JP-A-63-83116) are preferable.
- the propylene-based resin composition applies a production process such as a gas phase polymerization method, a liquid phase bulk polymerization method, or a slurry polymerization method to polymerize propylene, and then propylene and ⁇ -olefin, particularly Preferably, it is obtained by random polymerization of ethylene.
- a production process such as a gas phase polymerization method, a liquid phase bulk polymerization method, or a slurry polymerization method to polymerize propylene, and then propylene and ⁇ -olefin, particularly Preferably, it is obtained by random polymerization of ethylene.
- multistage polymerization is preferably performed by a slurry method or a gas phase fluidized bed method.
- the polymerization of the propylene homopolymer may be one-stage polymerization of propylene or multistage polymerization.
- the two-stage polymerization method by the following process (1) and process (2) can be illustrated.
- Hydrogen is added so that the MFR of the propylene polymer portion is preferably 150 g / 10 min or more.
- the hydrogen concentration is usually selected from the range of 0.1 to 40 mol% with respect to the total monomer amount.
- the polymerization temperature is usually selected from the range of 40 to 90 ° C.
- the pressure is usually selected from the range of 0.1 to 5 MPa.
- the amount of the polymer obtained in this step (1) is usually preferably adjusted to 80 to 99% by weight of the total polymerization amount.
- the amount of the propylene polymer produced in the step (1) is less than 80% by weight, the amount of the high molecular weight propylene polymer produced in the step (2) is excessively increased, and the moldability tends to be impaired.
- Step (2) In step (2), as compared with the propylene polymer produced in step (1), in order to polymerize a high molecular weight propylene polymer, polymerization is performed in a hydrogen atmosphere as low as possible or in a state substantially free of hydrogen. It is preferable. The polymerization is subsequently carried out in the presence of the propylene polymer produced in step (1) and a catalyst.
- the polymerization temperature is usually selected from the range of 40 to 90 ° C.
- the pressure is usually selected from the range of 0.1 to 5 MPa.
- the amount of the polymer obtained in this step (2) is usually preferably adjusted to be 1 to 20% by weight of the total polymerization amount. Any combination may be adopted as long as the physical property value of the whole polymer obtained by combining the step (1) and the step (2) can be adjusted to the above-described range.
- the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (component (A1)) portion is polymerized.
- the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer portion needs to be a high molecular weight propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer in order to adjust the intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) to predetermined values.
- the polymerization of the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer portion is preferably performed in a hydrogen atmosphere as low as possible or in a state substantially free of hydrogen in order to polymerize a high molecular weight polymer.
- the polymerization is subsequently carried out in the presence of the propylene homopolymer and the catalyst produced in the polymerization step of the propylene homopolymer.
- the polymerization temperature is usually selected from the range of 40 to 90 ° C.
- the pressure is usually selected from the range of 0.1 to 5 MPa.
- Component (B) is a propylene-based resin composition composed of component (B1) and component (B2) obtained by a multistage polymerization method that satisfies the following.
- Component (B1) Propylene homopolymer with an MFR of 10 to 1000 g / 10 min or a propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer having an ⁇ -olefin content other than propylene of less than 1% by weight
- Component (B2) Propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 to 10,000,000 and an ⁇ -olefin content other than propylene of 1 to 15% by weight.
- Component (B) has a component (B1) content of 50 90% by weight, the content of component (B2) is 50-10% by weight (provided that the total of component (B1) and component (B2) is 100% by weight), and the following (B-1 ) To (B-3).
- B-1 MFR is 0.1 to 20 g / 10 min.
- B-2) The relationship between melt tension (MT) and MFR satisfies the following formula: logMT> ⁇ 0.97 ⁇ logMFR + 1.23 (B-3) Longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) is 100 seconds or more
- a catalyst system for obtaining a propylene-based resin composition (component (B)) having such characteristics a catalyst mainly composed of a titanium-containing solid catalyst component and an organoaluminum compound, or a negative electron conjugated ligand is used.
- a metallocene-based transition metal compound having at least one can be used.
- the metallocene compound may be used with aluminoxane as a co-catalyst, or may be used supported on silica or clay mineral.
- Specific examples of the metallocene catalyst are preferably those described in JP-A-8-217928, JP-A-8-238731, JP-A-8-183814, JP-A-8-208733, JP-A-8-85707, and the like.
- the titanium-containing solid catalyst component is selected from a known supported catalyst component obtained by contacting a solid magnesium compound, titanium tetrahalide and an electron donating compound, and a known catalyst component containing titanium trichloride as a main component.
- the cocatalyst aluminum compound has a general formula of AlR n X 3-n (wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a halogen atom such as chlorine, and n is 3 ⁇ n> 1.5) (Represents a number).
- the titanium-containing solid catalyst component is a carrier-supported catalyst component containing a solid magnesium compound
- known electron donating compounds can be used as the third component.
- the polymerization reaction for obtaining the propylene-based resin composition (component (B)) can be carried out in the presence or absence of an inert solvent such as hexane or heptane, that is, in the presence of liquid propylene or even in gas phase propylene. It can be carried out.
- the reaction can be carried out batchwise using one polymerization tank, or can be carried out continuously by connecting two or more polymerization tanks in series.
- the order of polymerization is preferably carried out in two stages in which the component (B1) is first polymerized and then the component (B2) is polymerized. In addition, you may superpose
- the catalyst is generally added prior to polymerization in the first stage.
- Replenishment of the catalyst in the subsequent stage is not necessarily excluded, but it is preferable to add the catalyst in the first stage in order to obtain characteristics that cannot be obtained by resin blending.
- ⁇ -olefins copolymerized with propylene specifically, ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and the like can be used, and ethylene is particularly preferable.
- the method will be described in detail by a method performed in two stages in which the component (B1) is first polymerized and then the component (B2) is polymerized.
- the step (1) for obtaining the component (B1) propylene or propylene and a small amount of other olefin are polymerized in the presence of hydrogen.
- Hydrogen is preferably controlled so that the MFR of the polymer obtained in step (1) is in the range of 10 to 1000 g / 10 min. When the MFR is 10 or less, the entire viscosity is lowered and fine bubbles cannot be obtained. When the MFR is higher than 1000, the effect of suppressing the growth of bubbles is lowered, and a continuous bubble state is not preferable.
- the hydrogen concentration in the case of slurry polymerization, the concentration in the gas phase part, and in the polymerization in liquid propylene or the content in the monomer in the gas phase method
- the hydrogen concentration is added in an amount of 1 to 50 mol%, preferably 3 to 30 mol%.
- Other olefins copolymerized with propylene can be added intermittently or can be continuously supplied together with propylene and the like.
- the polymerization temperature in step (1) is generally 40 to 90 ° C., and 50 to 90% by weight, preferably 60 to 80% by weight of the total polymerization amount is produced.
- the step (2) for obtaining the component (B2) is a polymerization for obtaining a high molecular weight component, and the polymerization is allowed to proceed in a substantially hydrogen-free state with a hydrogen concentration of 0.1 mol% or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer obtained in the step (2) is 500,000 to 10,000,000, preferably 800,000 to 5,000,000.
- the weight average molecular weight is 500,000 or less, the effect of improving the melt tension is lowered, the effect of suppressing the bubble growth is lowered, and a continuous bubble state is not preferable.
- it exceeds 10 million the overall viscosity is lowered and fine bubbles cannot be obtained.
- the polymerization temperature is usually 40 to 90 ° C., preferably 50 to 80 ° C.
- the ⁇ -olefin used as the comonomer is specifically selected from ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and the like. In particular, ethylene is preferable.
- the content of ⁇ -olefin is 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight. If the comonomer content is too high or too low, the dispersion of the high molecular weight component is deteriorated and the effect of improving the melt tension is lowered.
- the polymer obtained in the step (2) is 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, based on the total polymer for polymerizing component B.
- the weight average molecular weight can be calculated by measuring both the polymer obtained after completion of the previous polymerization and the final polymer using GPC, and calculating the difference between the two and the relationship between the polymer content of the previous polymerization and the final polymer content. it can.
- the MFR of the final polymer obtained in the steps (1) and (2) is preferably 0.1 to 20 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 0.5 to 10 g / 10 minutes.
- Model used Waters 150C Measurement temperature: 140 ° C
- Solvent orthodichlorobenzene (ODCB)
- Calculation of molecular weight standard polystyrene method Conversion from retention capacity to molecular weight is performed using a calibration curve prepared in advance with standard polystyrene.
- the standard polystyrenes used are the following brands manufactured by Tosoh Corporation. F380, F288, F128, F80, F40, F20, F10, F4, F1, A5000, A2500, A1000.
- a calibration curve is created by injecting 0.2 mL of a solution dissolved in ODCB (containing 0.5 mg / mL BHT) so that each is 0.5 mg / mL.
- the calibration curve uses a cubic equation obtained by approximation by the least square method.
- the propylene resin composition (component (B)) is characterized in that the following relationship is established between the melt tension (MT) and MFR. logMT> ⁇ 0.97 ⁇ logMFR + 1.23
- the above relational expression represents the balance between melt tension and fluidity, and satisfying the above expression corresponds to good fluidity and extrusion characteristics while expressing high melt tension. That is, the propylene-based resin composition (component (B)) means that the balance between processing characteristics such as blow molding, foam molding and thermoforming and extrusion characteristics is good.
- the conventional general-purpose polypropylene resin composition has a left side ⁇ right side in the above formula, and the MFR in the same MT is smaller than that of the propylene resin composition (component (B)).
- the production of the propylene-based resin composition (component (B)) satisfying the above relational expression can be obtained by the above-described polymerization method.
- the component (B2) is 50 to 10% by weight, preferably 40 It can be produced by adjusting the weight average molecular weight of the component (B1) to 500,000 to 10,000,000, preferably 500,000 to 5,000,000.
- the propylene resin composition (component (B)) has a longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) of 100 seconds or longer.
- ⁇ d is obtained from stress relaxation measurement, and means the time required to return to the random state before deformation through orientation relaxation in which the deformed molecular chain relaxes without changing the orientation.
- This ⁇ d is closely related to processing characteristics such as blow molding, foam molding, and thermoforming, and it is considered that the larger the ⁇ d, the better the processing characteristics.
- ⁇ d tends to increase due to the presence of either the high molecular weight component, the branched component, or both, but does not necessarily match the nonlinearity of the extensional viscosity.
- ⁇ d does not define the nonlinearity of the extensional viscosity but defines the uniform spreadability at the time of extensional deformation.
- ⁇ d when ⁇ d is smaller than 100 seconds, the contribution of the long relaxation time component becomes small, which hinders the machining characteristics. That is, satisfying ⁇ d ⁇ 100 seconds is an indispensable condition in molding processing that requires high melt tension.
- the longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) in this example is a rheometrics mechanical spectrometer RMS-800, a parallel plate with a diameter of 25 mm, a gap of 1.5 mm, a temperature of 200 ° C., 240 ° C., a strain of 50 , Measure the relaxation modulus G (t) at 100% to create a master curve.
- G (t) JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE, VOL. XL, P443-456 (1959) was used to calculate ⁇ d.
- the production of the propylene-based resin composition (component (B)) having the longest relaxation time ( ⁇ d) of 100 seconds or more can be obtained by the polymerization method described above. It can be produced by adjusting it to 10% by weight, preferably 40 to 20% by weight, and by setting the weight average molecular weight of the component (B1) to 500,000 to 10,000,000, preferably about 500,000 to 5,000,000.
- Polypropylene resin composition comprising component (A) and component (B)
- the component (A) and the component (B) obtained as described above are based on a total of 100% by weight of the component (A) and the component (B), and the component (A) is 100% by weight or less than 100% by weight and 70% by weight.
- the component (B) is constituted in an amount ratio of 0% by weight or more than 0% by weight and 30% by weight or less, a polypropylene resin composition suitable for foaming is obtained.
- the component (A) is an important component for maintaining the fineness of the bubbles, maintaining the appearance of the extruded foam, and the fluidity, impact resistance, and rigidity of the entire composition, while the component (B) It is important as a component for further improving the draw-down property at the time of thermoforming or blow molding, imparting melt tension necessary for suppression.
- the component (A) is 70% or less, a foam having a good appearance cannot be obtained, the bubble cell becomes coarse, and the impact resistance deteriorates.
- the range in which the effect of the component (B) is sufficiently recognized is preferably 97 to 70% by weight of the component (A) and 3 to 30% by weight of the component (B). More preferably, the component (A) is 96 to 70% by weight and the component (B) is 4 to 30% by weight, more preferably the component (A) is 95 to 80% by weight and the component (B ) Is 5 to 20% by weight.
- auxiliary additives generally used for polyolefins as necessary, for example, antioxidants, neutralizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antifogging, are used.
- An agent, a crystal nucleator, a slip agent, an antiblocking agent, an antibacterial agent, a colorant, a flame retardant, and the like can be blended.
- fillers can also be added, and types include inorganic and organic fillers.
- inorganic fillers include talc, calcium carbonate, silica, diatomaceous earth, alumina, and titanium oxide.
- homopolypropylene, ethylene or an ⁇ -olefin propylene random copolymer having 4 or more carbon atoms is used as a pulverizing or diluting material for loss of ears, skeletons, etc. generated when obtaining a foamed molded product from the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention.
- Ethylene or ⁇ -olefin propylene block copolymer having 4 or more carbon atoms, etc. and ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene for modification purposes as required , Elastomers such as styrene, petroleum resins and cycloolefin resins, polyethylene wax and petroleum wax, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, maleic acid modified polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, poly Different resins such as styrene and ABS resin can be blended within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. As an index for adding these, it is preferable that the addition amount is controlled so that the total content of the propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer of the component (A1) is 1 to 20% by weight.
- a foaming agent for example, an inorganic foaming agent, a volatile foaming agent, and a decomposable foaming agent are used, and these can be mixed and used.
- the inorganic foaming agent include carbon dioxide, air, and nitrogen.
- volatile blowing agent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, cyclobutane, and cyclopentane, and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as monochlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoro.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, cyclobutane, and cyclopentane
- cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as monochlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoro.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons such as methane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, and methylene chloride are listed.
- decomposable foaming agent examples include azodicarbonamide, dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, azobisisobutyronitrile, P, P′-oxybisbenzenesulfonylhydrazide, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, and the like.
- the amount of the foaming agent added to the polypropylene resin composition varies depending on the type and equipment of the foaming agent, operating conditions, the foaming ratio of the product, etc., but the foaming ratio is 2 to 8 times (foaming density 0.11 to 0.46 g / In order to obtain a cm 3 ) foamed sheet, it is preferable to add 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin composition.
- a material suitable for foaming requires a material capable of obtaining an appropriate foaming ratio in an appropriate gas amount.
- the foaming state is expressed by the values of open cell rate and closed cell rate.
- the open cell ratio is 30% or less, preferably 15% or less.
- a polypropylene resin foam sheet and a non-foamed layer made of a thermoplastic resin composition may be coextruded.
- a co-extrusion method a known method is used, and examples thereof include a multi-manifold method in which the layers are stacked in a die, and a feed block method (combining adapter method) in which the layers are stacked immediately before flowing into the die.
- the thermoplastic resin composition constituting the non-foamed layer is high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, homopolypropylene, ethylene or ⁇ -olefin propylene random copolymer having 4 or more carbon atoms, ethylene or Examples include ⁇ -olefin propylene block copolymers having 4 or more carbon atoms, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, etc., but high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, and linear low in terms of affinity with the foam layer and coextrusion characteristics.
- Density polyethylene, homopolypropylene, propylene ethylene block copolymer, propylene ethylene random copolymer, and mixtures thereof are preferred, and more preferably homopolypropylene, propylene ethylene block copolymer from the viewpoint of suppressing heat generation during extrusion. Limers, propylene ethylene random copolymers, and mixtures thereof are preferred.
- the non-foamed layer has auxiliary additives generally used for polyolefins as required, for example, antioxidants, neutralizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antifogging agents, slips.
- auxiliary additives generally used for polyolefins as required, for example, antioxidants, neutralizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antifogging agents, slips.
- An agent, an antiblocking agent, an antibacterial agent, a colorant, a flame retardant, and the like can be blended.
- there are inorganic or organic fillers as fillers as fillers.
- inorganic fillers include talc, calcium carbonate, silica, diatomaceous earth, alumina, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, Calcium silicate, glass beads, bentonite, glass flake, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aluminum powder, molybdenum sulfide, boron fiber, potassium titanate, calcium titanate, hydrotalcite, carbon fiber, pumice powder, mica, calcium phosphate, phosphoric acid Aluminum etc. are raised, and polymethyl methacrylate resin beads, cellulose fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, rice husk, wood flour, okara, tapioca powder, rice flour, kenaf fiber, etc. are added as organic fillers You can also .
- the polypropylene resin foam molded article configured as described above is obtained by connecting a single extruder for extruding a polypropylene resin composition to which a foaming agent has been added to a slit die or a circular die.
- a polypropylene resin foam sheet can be obtained by extrusion from a die, a coat hanger type, or the like) or a circular die.
- the expansion ratio of the foam sheet is preferably about 1.5 to 30 times.
- the thickness of the foam sheet is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.3 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
- the average cell diameter of the foamed sheet is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less. When the average cell diameter greatly exceeds 300 ⁇ m, an appearance defect such as perforation occurs in the polypropylene foam sheet or the thermoformed body when the sheet is thermoformed.
- an open cell rate is 30% or less, More preferably, it is 20% or less, More preferably, it is 15% or less.
- non-foamed layers other than the foamed layer 1) Laminate the non-foamed layer on the front and back surfaces, and laminate with different formulations such as changing the pigment. 2) Divide the non-foamed layer into multiple layers, Provided 3) Various variations of non-foamed layers may be provided, such as dividing the foamed layer into two layers and providing another layer as the center layer.
- the thickness of the multilayer foamed sheet is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.3 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
- the single layer or multilayer foam sheet extruded from the die is cooled and solidified by a known method such as a polishing roll, an air knife, a mandrel, etc., and then wound by a winder or predetermined by a cutter. Cut to the dimensions of
- a known method such as a polishing roll, an air knife, a mandrel, etc.
- Cut to the dimensions of There are no particular restrictions on the post-treatment after cooling and solidification, for example, corona treatment, flame treatment, flame treatment, plasma treatment and other polar group imparting treatment steps, coater roll anti-fogging agent, anti-static agent coating treatment steps, Film bonding, printing, painting, etc. can be used.
- film lamination is a pre-thermoforming laminating method for pasting before secondary molding, a thermal laminating method for laminating at the time of foaming laminated sheet molding, once a foaming laminated sheet is cooled, and then a heating roll again.
- it can be bonded by any known method.
- the type of film to be bonded is not particularly limited, such as a CPP (Non-Axis Stretched Polypropylene) film, a printed film thereof, a film in which an EVOH (ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer) film is laminated, and the like. It is preferable to use a film in which a polyolefin resin is arranged on the bonding surface, or a film coated with an ink mixed with chlorinated polypropylene or low molecular weight polyolefin, or an adhesive.
- a CPP Non-Axis Stretched Polypropylene
- a printed film thereof a film in which an EVOH (ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer) film is laminated, and the like.
- EVOH ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
- the foamed sheet of the present invention is extremely suitable for secondary molding into a molded product such as a container.
- the molding method used for the secondary molding include a vacuum pressure forming method, a vacuum forming method, a plug forming method, a press forming method, and a double-sided vacuum forming method, which are usually any known methods.
- a resin extruded in a parison shape alone or in a laminated state can be molded by a blow molding method.
- the blow molding method is not particularly limited, and a method of obtaining a polypropylene resin foamed hollow molded product using a direct blow molding machine, an accumulator blow molding machine, or the like is usually used.
- the molded product obtained by such a molding method can be applied to all fields such as stationery files, food containers, beverage cups, display cabinets, automobile parts, industrial industrial parts, trays and the like.
- MFR unit: g / 10 min
- annex The measurement was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. and a load of 21.18 N.
- n-heptane purified in the same manner as described above was introduced into the tank using the stirrer tank, and 3 mol of the solid component synthesized above was introduced in terms of Mg atoms.
- 5 mol of SiCl 4 was mixed with 2.5 liters of n-heptane, introduced into the flask at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, and reacted at 70 ° C. for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, it was washed with n-heptane.
- 2.5 liters of n-heptane was introduced into the tank equipped with a stirrer, 0.3 mol of phthalic acid chloride was mixed, introduced at 70 ° C.
- the pressure was 0.03 MPaG at the start of supplying ethylene and propylene, but 0.09 MPaG when the supply was stopped (second-stage polymerization step).
- the obtained slurry was transferred to the next tank equipped with a stirrer, 2.5 liters of butanol was added, treated at 70 ° C. for 3 hours, further transferred to the next tank equipped with a stirrer, and 100 g of pure water in which 20 g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved. After adding 1 liter and treating for 1 hour, the aqueous layer was allowed to stand and then separated to remove the catalyst residue.
- the slurry was treated with a centrifuge to remove heptane and treated with a dryer at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to completely remove heptane, thereby obtaining a 59.7 kg sample.
- the obtained material had a proportion of 6.6% by weight of propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer part, 44.7% by weight of ethylene as ⁇ -olefin, an intrinsic viscosity ⁇ of 14.8 dl / g, and a weight average.
- the ratio of the molecular weight to the number average molecular weight (Mw / Mn) is 13.3, the proportion of the propylene homopolymer portion is 93.4% by weight, and the MFR (230 ° C., 2.16 kg load) of the polypropylene resin composition is This was a polypropylene resin composition that showed strain hardening in the measurement of 180 g elongation viscosity at 12 g / 10 minutes (strain hardening “Yes”) and had a degree of strain hardening ( ⁇ max (10)) of 2.0.
- Each of the above-described materials A and B is tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, which is a phenolic antioxidant as an additive.
- G 0.1 parts by weight of methane (trade name “IRGANOX1010”, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals), tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite (trade name) which is a phosphite antioxidant 0.1 part by weight of “IRGAFOS 168”, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd., and 0.1 part by weight of calcium stearate as a neutralizing agent (trade name “Calcium Stearate”, manufactured by NOF Corporation) Were added to 100 parts by weight of each propylene-based resin composition, and melt-kneaded with a twin screw extruder at 200 ° C. to obtain pellets of each component.
- Examples 1-1 to 1-3, 1-7 to 1-9, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-5) Evaluation of foam extrusion by slit die Using pellets of each component listed in Table 3, 0.5 weight of foaming agent (bicarbonate-citric acid chemical foaming agent, trade name “CF40E”) as foam nucleating agent Mixed with partial dry blend. Extrusion was carried out at an extrusion rate of about 60 kg / hour using a 65 mm extruder (Pura Giken, screw tip temperature 180 ° C.).
- foaming agent bicarbonate-citric acid chemical foaming agent, trade name “CF40E”
- the extruder In the first half of the extruder, first, melt kneading plasticization is performed, and then carbon dioxide gas is injected at 0.23 kg per hour from a carbon dioxide quantitative supply device (manufactured by Showa Carbon Co., Ltd.) at the middle portion of the extruder. By kneading carbon dioxide gas into the plasticized resin at the remaining portion, a foaming agent-containing resin in which carbon dioxide gas is uniformly dispersed is obtained, and then cast from a 750 mm wide T die (set temperature 180 ° C.) to a polishing roll, The foamed sheet sample was obtained by cooling and solidifying and winding. Thereafter, using the sheet, the expansion ratio, the open cell ratio, the closed cell ratio, and the cell morphology were observed. Since the amount of carbon dioxide added is such a gas amount that a range of at least 2.5 times can be obtained, if it is below these ranges, it can be determined that the material is difficult to expand, that is, a material not suitable for foaming
- -Molded product surface appearance The surface smoothness of the obtained parison in the foamed state was evaluated in the following three stages. ⁇ : The surface is smoothed with a hand. ⁇ : The surface is smoothed with a hand. ⁇ : The surface is scratched with a hand. Unevenness is felt. In this case, ⁇ and ⁇ have practicality. Is the level to be judged. ⁇ Foaming ratio: The ratio between the specific gravity of the raw material polypropylene resin composition and the specific gravity of the obtained foamed parison was defined as the expansion ratio. Specific gravity was determined by an underwater substitution method. It can be judged that the expansion ratio is 1.8 times or more. The above evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-7, 12 to 14, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-12) Evaluation of foam extrusion using a slit die
- a foaming agent (bicarbonate-citric acid based chemical foaming agent, Clariant, trade name “CF40E”) was mixed with 0.5 parts by weight of dry blend.
- Extrusion was carried out at an extrusion rate of about 60 kg / hour using a 65 mm extruder (Pura Giken, screw tip temperature 180 ° C.).
- the extruder In the first half of the extruder, first, melt kneading plasticization is performed, and then carbon dioxide gas is injected at 0.23 kg per hour from a carbon dioxide quantitative supply device (manufactured by Showa Carbon Co., Ltd.) at the middle portion of the extruder. By kneading carbon dioxide gas into the plasticized resin at the remaining portion, a foaming agent-containing resin in which carbon dioxide gas is uniformly dispersed is obtained, and then cast from a 750 mm wide T die (set temperature 180 ° C.) to a polishing roll, The foamed sheet sample was obtained by cooling and solidifying and winding. Thereafter, using the sheet, the expansion ratio, the open cell ratio, the closed cell ratio, and the cell morphology were observed. Since the amount of carbon dioxide added is such a gas amount that a range of at least 2.5 times can be obtained, if it is below these ranges, it can be determined that the material is difficult to expand, that is, a material not suitable for foaming
- Examples 2-8 to 2-11, 2-14 to 2-15, Comparative Example 2-13) 5. Evaluation of foam extrusion by blow molding machine: Using pellets of the components shown in Table 8 and dry blending at the ratios shown in Table 6, 3 parts by weight of the above foaming agent “CF40E” (bicarbonate, citric acid-based chemical foaming agent) was dried as a foam nucleating agent. The mixture was blended and supplied to a direct blow molding machine with a die set temperature of 170 ° C. to obtain a foamed parison.
- CFRP carbonate, citric acid-based chemical foaming agent
- -Molded product surface appearance The surface smoothness of the obtained parison in the foamed state was evaluated in the following three stages. ⁇ : The surface is smoothed with a hand. ⁇ : The surface is smoothed with a hand. ⁇ : The surface is scratched with a hand. Unevenness is felt. In this case, ⁇ and ⁇ have practicality. Is the level to be judged. ⁇ Foaming ratio: The ratio between the specific gravity of the raw material polypropylene resin composition and the specific gravity of the obtained foamed parison was defined as the expansion ratio. Specific gravity was determined by an underwater substitution method. It can be judged that the expansion ratio is 1.8 times or more.
- the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention is excellent in closed cell properties and extrusion characteristics, and can obtain a foamed molded product that is lightweight, rigid, and excellent in recyclability. Therefore, a stationery file, a food container, and a beverage cup It can be suitably used for display housings, automobile parts, parts for industrial industries, trays, etc., and its industrial value is extremely high.
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Abstract
Description
このようなポリオレフィン系樹脂発泡体は、例えば、押出機により溶融させたポリオレフィン系樹脂に、各種発泡剤を加圧下にて混練した後、押出機先端に取り付けられたダイスより大気圧下に押出発泡することにより得られる。
しかしながら、従来の発泡体では、生じるガス分圧を有する個々の気泡(以下、「セル」という場合もある。)を溶融樹脂中に保持させておくことが困難であり、個々のセルが破裂して連続気泡を生じやすくなるという問題があった。
例えば、超高分子量成分を添加して溶融張力を高める方法が提案されているが、一般に溶融張力の高い樹脂を用いると、セルの保持力は上昇するものの、粘度が高すぎて、添加する発泡剤の量に見合った発泡倍率が得られず、また、押出機での負荷が大きくなり、高い生産性を維持しようとする場合には押出機にかかる負荷が増大し、押出成形性が低下する、更にはせん断発熱により樹脂の温度が上がってしまい、セルの成長が冷却により抑制できず、連続気泡となってしまうという問題があった。
即ち、本発明は、以下のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物および発泡成形体を提供する。
・成分(A):
下記(A-1)~(A-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))とプロピレン単独重合体(成分(A2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(A1)の含有量が1~20重量%、成分(A2)の含有量が99~80重量%(ただし、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、かつメルトフローレートが5~20g/10分の範囲にあり、温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定においてひずみ硬化性を示すプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
(A-1)α-オレフィン含量が15~85重量%(ただし、成分(A1)を構成するモノマーの全量を100重量%とする)
(A-2)固有粘度ηが5~20dl/g
(A-3)Mw/Mnが5~15
・成分(B):
MFRが10~1000g/10分の、プロピレン単独重合体またはプロピレン以外のα-オレフィン含量が1重量%未満のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B1))と、重量平均分子量が50万~1000万、プロピレン以外のα-オレフィンの含量が1~15重量%のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(B1)の含有量が50~90重量%、成分(B2)の含有量が50~10重量%(ただし、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、
かつ、下記(B-1)~(B-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
(B-1)MFRが0.1~20g/10分
(B-2)溶融張力(MT)とMFRの関係が以下の式を満たす
logMT>-0.97×logMFR+1.23
(B-3)最長緩和時間(τd)が100秒以上
[3]成分(A)の含有量が97~70重量%、成分(B)の含有量が3~30重量%であることを特徴とする上記[1]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
[4]成分(A)は、温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定における歪硬化指数λmax(10)が1.2以上であることを特徴とする上記[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
[5]上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物に発泡剤を添加し、これを押出発泡成形して成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体。
[6]ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体が、スリットダイまたはサーキュラーダイから押出されて成形された発泡シートである上記[5]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体。
[7]上記[6]に記載の発泡シートを熱成形により成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡熱成形体。
[8]上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物に発泡剤を添加し、これをパリソン状に押出し、その後金型内においてブロー成形により成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡中空成形体。
また、本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物に発泡剤を添加し、これをパリソン状に押出し、その後金型内においてブロー成形にすることによっても、均一微細な発泡中空成形体を得ることができる。
そしてこれらの成形体は、外観、熱成形性、耐衝撃性、軽量性、剛性、耐熱性、断熱性、耐油性等に優れていることより、文房具ファイル、食品容器、飲料カップ、ディスプレイ筺体、自動車部品、工業産業用部品、トレーなどに好適に利用することが出来る。
・成分(A):
下記(A-1)~(A-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))とプロピレン単独重合体(成分(A2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(A1)の含有量が1~20重量%、成分(A2)の含有量が99~80重量%(ただし、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、かつメルトフローレートが5~20g/10分の範囲にあり、温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定においてひずみ硬化性を示すプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
(A-1)α-オレフィン含量が15~85重量%(ただし、成分(A1)を構成するモノマーの全量を100重量%とする)
(A-2)固有粘度ηが5~20dl/g
(A-3)Mw/Mnが5~15
・成分(B):
MFRが10~1000g/10分の、プロピレン単独重合体またはプロピレン以外のα-オレフィン含量が1重量%未満のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B1))と、重量平均分子量が50万~1000万、プロピレン以外のα-オレフィンの含量が1~15重量%のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の両成分は多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(B1)の含有量が50~90重量%、成分(B2)の含有量が50~10重量%(ただし、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、
かつ、下記(B-1)~(B-3)の条件を満たす組成物。
(B-1)MFRが0.1~20g/10分
(B-2)溶融張力(MT)とMFRの関係が以下の式を満たす
logMT>-0.97×logMFR+1.23
(B-3)最長緩和時間(τd)が100秒以上
[成分(A)]
成分(A)は、以下の(A-1)~(A-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))とプロピレン単独重合体(成分(A2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計100重量%基準で、成分(A1)の含有量が1~20重量%、成分(A2)の含有量が99~80重量%であり、
成分(A1)及び成分(A2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、
メルトフローレートが5~20g/10分の範囲にあり、
温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定において測定した伸張粘度測定においてひずみ硬化性を示すプロピレン系樹脂組成物である。
(A-1)α-オレフィン含量が30~85重量%(ただし、成分(A1)を構成するモノマーの全量を100重量%とする)
(A-2)固有粘度ηが5~20dl/g
(A-3)Mw/Mnが5~15。
以下、成分(A)を構成する成分(A1)、成分(A2)について、詳しく説明する。
成分(A1)はプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体である。
ここで、α-オレフィンとしては、エチレン、ブテン、ペンテン、ヘキセン、ヘプテン、ノネン、デケン、1メチルブテン、1メチルペンテンなどのプロピレンを除く炭素数12以内のアルケンが好ましく、中でもエチレンが特に好ましい。
α-オレフィンの含有量は、成分(A1)を構成するモノマーの全量を100重量%とした場合のα-オレフィン含量は15~85重量%であり、好ましい下限値としては16重量%、17重量%、20重量%、30重量%又は40重量%を取りうる。好ましい上限値としては75重量%、60重量%、50重量%又は45重量%を取りうる。前記上限値下限値は任意の組み合わせが可能である。好ましい範囲として、16~70重量%、17~50重量%、40~60重量%などがあげられる。
ここでの固有粘度は温度135℃、溶媒にデカリンを用い、ウベローデ型毛管粘度計を用いて測定した値とする。成分(A1)の固有粘度を求めるためには、逐次重合途中の成分(A2)を少量抜き取って固有粘度測定を行い、さらに逐次重合終了後の成分全体の固有粘度を測定し、以下の式によって求めるものとする。
成分(A1)の固有粘度=[成分全体の固有粘度-{成分(A2)の固有粘度×成分(A2)の重量分率/100}]/{成分(A1)の重量分率/100}
成分(A2)はプロピレン単独重合体である。プロピレン単独重合体(成分(A2))としては、230℃、2.16kg荷重におけるメルトフローレート(MFR)が、好ましくは、2~80g/10分、より好ましくは5~40g/10分、さらに好ましくは10~30g/10分であることが好ましい。MFRがこの範囲にあると、樹脂組成物の剛性と耐衝撃性、成形温度に由来する高生産速度に適した樹脂組成物を与える。
ここで、MFRは、JIS K7210に準拠して230℃、2.16kg荷重下で測定する値である。
ここで、立体規則性は、13C-NMR法で測定する値である。
本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物を構成するプロピレン系樹脂組成物(成分(A))は、上記した条件を満たすプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))を、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計100重量%基準で、1~20重量%、成分(A2)としてプロピレン単独重合体を、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計100重量%基準で、99~80重量%を含有する。
成分(A1)は、上記したように、発泡気泡の成長を抑制する効果をもたらす成分であるが、良好な機械物性等を維持するために、1~20重量%であることが必要であり、好ましくは3~10重量%である。1重量%より少ないと発泡気泡の成長を抑制する効果が低減し、材料の剛性は上がるが耐衝撃性が低下し、20重量%より多すぎると剛性が不足し、樹脂全体の粘度が上昇してしまい、気泡核の形成が少なくなり、気泡成長が阻害され発泡倍率が低下する。
成分(A1)と成分(A2)の好ましい含有量は、成分(A1)が3~10重量%、成分(A2)が97~90重量%である。
温度180℃、歪み速度=10s-1の場合の伸長粘度を、横軸に時間t(秒)、縦軸に伸長粘度ηE(Pa・秒)を両対数グラフでプロットする。その両対数グラフ上で歪み硬化を起こす直前の粘度を直線で近似する。サンプルの作成方法は、一般的に用いられているプレス成形機を使用する。プレス成形機の温度は190℃に設定し、まず圧力を掛けない状態で90秒間予熱する。その後、脱気として30kg/cm2程度の圧力で30秒間保持し、最終的に100kg/cm2にて60秒間加圧して成型する。
1.使用する分析装置
・クロス分別装置
ダイヤインスツルメンツ社製CFC T-100(以下、「CFC」と略す。)
・フーリエ変換型赤外線吸収スペクトル分析
FT-IR、パーキンエルマー社製 1760X
CFCの検出器として取り付けられていた波長固定型の赤外分光光度計を取り外して代わりにFT-IRを接続し、このFT-IRを検出器として使用する。CFCから溶出した溶液の出口からFT-IRまでの間のトランスファーラインは1mの長さとし、測定の間を通じて140℃に温度保持する。FT-IRに取り付けたフローセルは光路長1mm、光路幅5mmφのものを用い、測定の間を通じて140℃に温度保持する。
・ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(以下、「GPC」と略す。)
CFC後段のGPCカラムは、昭和電工社製商品名「AD806MS」を3本直列に接続して使用する。
・溶媒:オルトジクロルベンゼン(ODCB)
・サンプル濃度:4mg/mL
・注入量:0.4mL
・結晶化:140℃から40℃まで約40分かけて降温する。
・分別方法:
昇温溶出分別時の分別温度は40、100、140℃とし、全部で3つのフラクションに分別する。なお、40℃以下で溶出する成分(フラクション1)、40~100℃で溶出する成分(フラクション2)、100~140℃で溶出する成分(フラクション3)の溶出割合(単位:重量%)を各々「W40」、「W100」、「W140」と定義する。W40+W100+W140=100である。また、分別した各フラクションは、そのままFT-IR分析装置へ自動輸送される。
・溶出時溶媒流速:1mL/分
CFC後段のGPCから試料溶液の溶出が開始した後、以下の条件でFT-IR測定を行い、上述した各フラクション1~3について、GPC-IRデータを採取する。
CFC-FT-IRのシステム構成の概念図を図1に示した。
検出器:MCT
分解能:8cm-1
測定間隔:0.2分(12秒)
一測定当たりの積算回数:15回
各温度で溶出した成分の溶出量と分子量分布は、FT-IRによって得られる2945cm-1の吸光度をクロマトグラムとして使用して求める。溶出量は各溶出成分の溶出量の合計が100%となるように規格化する。保持容量から分子量への換算は、予め作成しておいた標準ポリスチレンによる検量線を用いて行う。具体的な手法は上に記載したものと同じである。
本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))の含有量は、α-オレフィンがエチレンであるプロピレン-エチレン共重合体(以下、「EP」と記載する。)を例にして説明すると、下記式(I)で定義され、以下のような手順で求められる。
EP含有量(重量%)=
W40×A40/B40+W100×A100/B100+W140×A140/B140 ・・・(I)
(式(I)中、W40、W100、W140は、上述した各フラクションでの溶出割合(単位:重量%)であり、A40、A100、A140は、W40、W100、W140に対応する各フラククションにおける実測定の平均エチレン含有量(単位:重量%)であり、B40、B100、B140は、各フラクションに含まれるプロピレン-エチレン共重合体のエチレン含有量(単位:重量%)である。A40、A100、A140、B40、B100、B140の求め方は後述する。
式(I)右辺の第一項はフラクション1(40℃に可溶な部分)に含まれるEPの量を算出する項である。フラクション1がEPのみを含み、プロピレンホモ重合体(以下、「PP」という。)を含まない場合には、W40がそのまま全体の中に占めるフラクション1由来のEP含有量に寄与するが、フラクション1にはEP由来の成分のほかに少量のPP由来の成分(極端に分子量の低い成分及びアタクチックポリプロピレン)も含まれるため、その部分を補正する必要がある。そこでW40にA40/B40を乗ずることにより、フラクション1のうち、EP成分由来の量を算出する。例えばフラクション1の平均エチレン含有量(A40)が30重量%であり、フラクション1に含まれるEPのエチレン含有量(B40)が40重量%である場合、フラクション1の30/40=3/4(即ち75重量%)はEP由来、残りの1/4はPP由来ということになる。このように右辺第一項でA40/B40を乗ずる操作はフラクション1の重量%(W40)からEPの寄与を算出することを意味する。右辺第二項以後も同様であり、各々のフラクションについて、EPの寄与を算出して加え合わせたものがEP含有量となる。
EP含有量(重量%)=W40×A40/B40+W100×A100/100+W140×A140/100 ・・・(II)
つまり、式(II)右辺の第一項であるW40×A40/B40は結晶性を持たないEP含有量(重量%)を示し、第二項と第三項の和であるW100×A100/100+W140×A140/100は結晶性を持つEP含有量(重量%)を示す。
ここで、B40およびCFC測定により得られる各フラクション1~3の平均エチレン含有量A40、A100、A140は、次のようにして求める。
結晶分布の違いによって分別されたフラクション1をCFC分析装置の一部を構成するGPCカラムで分子量分布を測定した曲線、および、当該GPCカラムの後ろに接続されたFT-IRによって、分子量分布曲線に対応して測定されるエチレン含有量の分布曲線を求める。微分分子量分布曲線のピーク位置に対応するエチレン含有量がB40となる。
また、測定時にデータポイントとして取り込まれる、各データポイント毎の重量割合と各データポイント毎のエチレン含有量の積の総和が平均エチレン含有量A40となる。
EP中のエチレン含有量(重量%)=(W40×A40+W100×A100+W140×A140)/[EP] ・・・(III)
但し、[EP]は先に求めたEP含有量(重量%)である。
しかしながら、上述のクロス分別法とFT-IRの組み合わせによる分析方法では、成分(A1)のエチレン含量が15wt%を下回り、成分(A2)との結晶性に大きな差がなくなり、温度による分別が充分に行うことが出来ないような場合では、正確な分析が難しくなる。このような場合は、逐次重合の途中で成分(A1)を抜き取っておき、その分子量(コモノマーを共重合する場合にはコモノマー含量も測定する)を測定し、さらにマテリアルバランスによる計算や逐次重合途中での重量の直接秤量等によって成分(A1)と成分(A2)の量比を決定し、さらに逐次重合終了時の成分(A1)全体のα-オレフィン含量を測定することで、以下の重量の単純な加成則を使用することで成分(A1)のコモノマー含量を求めることが好ましい。コモノマーとしてエチレンを使用する場合、以下の式によって(Y-2)のエチレン含量を求めることができる。
成分(A1)のエチレン含量=[全体のエチレン含量-{成分(A1)のエチレン含量×成分(A1)の重量分率/100}]/{成分(A2)の重量分率/100}
このようにして成分(A2)の量を求めた後、成分(A2)の固有粘度ついては、成分(A2)量と、重合途中の抜き出し品評価による成分(A1)の固有粘度及び、(Y)全体の固有粘度より、以下の式で求めることが出来る。
成分(A1)の固有粘度=[(Y)全体の固有粘度-{成分(A2)の固有粘度×成分(A2)の重量分率/100}]/{成分(A1)の重量分率/100}
成分(A)のプロピレン系樹脂組成物の製造法は、多段重合法により行われるが、上記した特性を有している限り、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の多段重合方法、条件の中から適宜に選択される。
プロピレンの重合触媒としては、通常、高立体規則性触媒が用いられる。例えば、四塩化チタンを有機アルミニウム化合物で還元し、更に各種の電子供与体及び電子受容体で処理して得られた三塩化チタン組成物と有機アルミニウム化合物及び芳香族カルボン酸エステルを組み合わせた触媒(特開昭56―100806号、特開昭56-120712号、特開昭58-104907号の各公報参照。)、及び、ハロゲン化マグネシウムに四塩化チタンと各種の電子供与体を接触させた担持型触媒(特開昭57-63310号、同63-43915号、同63-83116号の各公報参照。)等のチーグラー系触媒が好ましい。
プロピレン単独重合体の多段重合法としては、以下に示す工程(1)と工程(2)による二段重合法を、例示することができる。
工程(1):
プロピレンを、分子量調節剤としての水素の存在下で重合する。分子量が大きすぎる重合体の生成を抑制するためである。水素は、プロピレン重合体部分のMFRが好ましくは150g/10分以上になるように、添加される。水素濃度としては、全モノマー量に対して通常0.1~40モル%の範囲から選択される。また、重合温度は通常40~90℃、圧力は通常0.1~5MPaの範囲から選択される。この工程(1)で得られる重合体の量は、通常全重合量の80~99重量%となるように調整されることが好ましい。工程(1)で製造されるプロピレン重合体の量が80重量%未満であると、工程(2)で製造される高分子量のプロピレン重合体が多くなり過ぎ、成形性を損ないやすい。
工程(2)では、工程(1)で生成したプロピレン重合体と比べ、高分子量のプロピレン重合体を重合するために、なるべく低濃度の水素雰囲気下もしくは、実質上水素の存在しない状態で重合することが好ましい。重合は、工程(1)で生成したプロピレン重合体及び触媒の存在下、引き続いて行われる。重合温度は通常40~90℃、圧力は通常0.1~5MPaの範囲から選択される。この工程(2)で得られる重合体の量は、通常、好ましくは、全重合量の1~20重量%となるように、調整される。工程(1)及び工程(2)を結合して、結果として得られる重合体全体の物性値を前述した範囲に調整できれば、いかなる組み合わせを採用してもよい。
プロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体部分の重合は、高分子量の重合体を重合するために、なるべく低濃度の水素雰囲気下もしくは、実質上水素の存在しない状態で重合することが好ましい。重合は、プロピレン単独重合体の重合工程で生成したプロピレン単独重合体及び触媒の存在下、引き続いて行われる。重合温度は通常40~90℃、圧力は通常0.1~5MPaの範囲から選択されることが好ましい。
成分(B)は、以下を満たす多段重合法で得られる成分(B1)及び成分(B2)から構成されるプロピレン系樹脂組成物である。
成分(B1):
MFRが10~1000g/10分のプロピレン単独重合体またはプロピレン以外のα-オレフィン含量が1重量%未満のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体
成分(B2):
重量平均分子量が50万~1000万、プロピレン以外のα-オレフィンの含量が1~15重量%のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体
そして、成分(B)は、成分(B1)の含有量が50~90重量%、成分(B2)の含有量が50~10重量%(ただし、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、かつ、下記(B-1)~(B-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン系樹脂組成物である。
(B-1)MFRが0.1~20g/10分
(B-2)溶融張力(MT)とMFRの関係が以下の式を満たす
logMT>-0.97×logMFR+1.23
(B-3)最長緩和時間(τd)が100秒以上
助触媒のアルミニウム化合物は、一般式AlRnX3-n (式中Rは炭素数2~10の炭化水素基を表し、Xは塩素等のハロゲン原子、nは3≧n>1.5の数を表す)で表される。
チタン含有固体触媒成分が固体のマグネシウム化合物を含有する担体担持型触媒成分である場合は、AlR3又はAlR3とAlR2Xの混合物を使用するのが好ましく、一方、三塩化チタン又は三塩化チタンを主成分として含む触媒成分である場合はAlR2Xを使用するのが好ましい。
さらに上記触媒および共触媒成分の他に第三成分として公知の電子供与性化合物を使用することができる。
触媒は、第1段階で重合前に添加されるのが一般的である。後段に於いて触媒を補充することを必ずしも排除するものではないが、樹脂のブレンドでは得られない特性を得るためには、触媒は第1段階で添加するのが好ましい。
また、プロピレンと共重合される他のα-オレフィンとしては、具体的には、エチレン、1-ブテン、1-ヘキセン、1-オクテン等を用いることができ、特にエチレンが好ましい。
成分(B1)を得るための工程(1)は、プロピレンあるいはプロピレンと少量の他のオレフィンを水素の存在下に重合する。水素は工程(1)で得られる重合体のMFRが10~1000g/10分の範囲となるように制御されることが好ましい。MFRが10以下では全体の粘度が低下してしまい、微細な気泡が得られなくなり、1000より高いと、気泡の成長抑制効果が低下し、連続した気泡状態となり好ましくない。一般には水素濃度(スラリー重合においては気相部濃度、液体プロピレン中の重合あるいは気相法においてはモノマー中の含有量を指す)が1~50mol%、好ましくは3~30mol%添加される。プロピレンと共重合される他のオレフィンは、間欠的に添加することもできるし、プロピレン等と共に連続的に供給することもできる。工程(1)の重合温度は一般に40~90℃であり、全重合量の50~90重量%、好ましくは60~80重量%を製造する。
工程(2)で得られる重合体は、成分Bを重合する全重合体の10~50重量%であり、好ましくは20~40重量%である。10重量%より低いと溶融張力向上効果が低下し、気泡の成長を抑制する効果が低下し、連続した気泡状態となり好ましくない。また、50重量%より多いと、全体の粘度が低下してしまい、微細な気泡が得られなくなる。
使用機種:ウォーターズ社製150C
測定温度:140℃
溶媒:オルトジクロロベンゼン(ODCB)
カラム:昭和電工社製Shodex 80M/S 2本
流速:1.0mL/分
注入量:0.2mL
試料の調製:試料はODCB(0.5mg/mLのBHT(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール)を含む)を用いて1mg/mLの溶液を調製し、140℃で約1時間を要して溶解させる。
分子量の算出:標準ポリスチレン法
保持容量から分子量への換算は、予め作成しておいた標準ポリスチレンによる検量線を用いて行う。使用する標準ポリスチレンは何れも東ソー社製の以下の銘柄である。
F380、F288、F128、F80、F40、F20、F10、F4、F1、
A5000、A2500、A1000。
各々が0.5mg/mLとなるようにODCB(0.5mg/mLのBHTを含む)に溶解した溶液を0.2mL注入して較正曲線を作成する。較正曲線は最小二乗法で近似して得られる三次式を用いる。
分子量への換算に使用する粘度式[η]=K×Mαは以下の数値を用いる。
PS : K=1.38×10-4、α=0.7
PE : K=3.92×10-4、α=0.733
PP : K=1.03×10-4、α=0.78
検出器:FOXBORO社製、MIRAN 1A IR検出器(測定波長:3.42μm)
カラム:昭和電工社製AD806M/S(3本)
logMT>-0.97×logMFR+1.23
上記の関係式は溶融張力と流動性のバランスを表すものであり、上式を満足することは、高い溶融張力を発現しながら流動性、押出特性が良好であることに相当する。すなわち、プロピレン系樹脂組成物(成分(B))は、ブロー成形、発泡成形、熱成形等の加工特性と、押出特性とのバランスが良好であることを意味するものである。
一方、従来の汎用のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物は、上式において左辺<右辺であり、プロピレン系樹脂組成物(成分(B))に比べると同一MTにおけるMFRは小さくなるため、流動性が悪化する
ここで、溶融張力MTの測定方法として、本実施例においては、東洋精機製作所製のキャピログラフを用いて、シリンダー温度190℃、オリフィスL/D=8.1/2.095(mm)、ピストンスピード10mm/min、引取速度3.9m/minの条件下で測定した。
ここで、最長緩和時間(τd)は、本実施例においては、レオメトリックス社製メカニカルスペクトロメーターRMS-800を用い、直径25mmのパラレルプレート、ギャップ1.5mmで温度200℃、240℃、歪み50、100%で緩和弾性率G(t)を測定してマスターカーブを作成する。得られたG(t)を用いて、JOURNAL OF
POLYMER SCIENCE,VOL.XL,P443-456(1959)に記載の方法により、τdを算出した。
上記のごとく得られた成分(A)および成分(B)は、成分(A)及び成分(B)の合計100重量%基準で、成分(A)が100重量%又は100重量%未満70重量%以上、成分(B)が0重量%又は0重量%を超え30重量%以下の量比で構成することにより、発泡に適したポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物となる。成分(A)は気泡の微細化、押出発泡体の外観の保持、組成物全体の流動性、耐衝撃性、剛性を維持するために重要な成分であり、一方、成分(B)は、気泡抑制に必要な溶融張力の付与、熱成形時やブロー成型時のドローダウン性をより向上させる成分として重要である。成分(A)が70%以下では、良好な外観の発泡体が得られず、気泡セルも粗大になり、耐衝撃性も悪化する。
成分(B)を必須成分とする場合は、成分(B)の効果が十分に認められる範囲として、好ましくは成分(A)が97~70重量%、成分(B)が3~30重量%であり、より好ましい量比は、成分(A)が96~70重量%、成分(B)が4~30重量%であり、より好ましくは、成分(A)が95~80重量%、成分(B)が5~20重量%である。
本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて一般的にポリオレフィンに用いられる補助添加成分、例えば、酸化防止剤、中和剤、熱安定剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、防曇剤、結晶増核剤、スリップ剤、アンチブロッキング剤、抗菌剤、着色剤、難燃剤等を配合することができる。
これらを添加するその指標としては、成分(A1)のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体の全体の含有量が1~20重量%の間で添加量を制御されることが好ましい。
発泡剤としては、例えば、無機系発泡剤、揮発性発泡剤、分解型発泡剤が用いられ、これらは混合して用いることができる。無機系発泡剤としては、例えば、二酸化炭素、空気、窒素等が挙げられる。揮発性発泡剤としては、例えば、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン等の脂肪族炭化水素類及び環式脂肪族炭化水素類が、モノクロロジフロロメタン、トリクロロフロロメタン、ジクロロジフロロメタン、ジクロロテトラフロロエタン、メチルクロライド、エチルクロライド、メチレンクロライド等のハロゲン化炭化水素類が挙げられる。分解型発泡剤としては、例えば、アゾジカルボンアミド、ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、P,P’-オキシビスベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド、クエン酸、重炭酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
さらに、発泡シートの平均気泡径が300μm以下であることが好ましく、200μm以下がより好ましく、100μm以下が更に好ましい。平均気泡径が300μmを大きく超えると、ポリプロピレン系発泡シートや該シートを熱成形する際に熱成形体に対し、穴明き等の外観不良が発生するため好ましくない。また、連続気泡率は、30%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは20%以下、更に好ましくは15%以下である。
多層発泡シートの厚みは、特に限定しないが、0.3mm~10mm程度が好ましく、更に好ましくは0.5mm~5mmである。
特に、フィルム貼合は、2次成型時前に貼合する熱成形前ラミネート法、発泡積層シート成形時の冷却時に貼合する熱ラミネート法、いったん発泡積層シートを冷却した後、再度加熱ロールなどで加温して貼合する方法などがあるが、いずれの公知の方法により貼合することが可能である。
なお、実施例および比較例において、ポリプロピレン系(多層)発泡シートその構成成分についての諸物性は、下記の評価方法に従って測定、評価し、使用した樹脂として下記のものを用いた。
(1)MFR(単位:g/10分):
JIS-K6921-2附属書に準拠し測定した。条件は、温度230℃、荷重21.18Nにて測定を行った。
(2)成分(A1)、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の固有粘度、分子量分布、エチレン-α-オレフィン含有量、エチレン-α-オレフィン中のα-オレフィン含有量の測定方法:上述した方法に準じて測定した。
下記の装置、条件にて、前述した方法で導出した。
(a)装置:Rheometorics社製「Ares」
(b)冶具:ティーエーインスツルメント社製
「Extentional Viscosity Fixture」
(c)試験温度:180℃
(d)歪み速度:10/sec
(e)サンプル試験片:15mm×10mm、厚さ0.5mmのプレス成形シート
1.固体触媒成分(c)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積50リットルの攪拌機付槽に、脱水および脱酸素したn-ヘプタン、20リットルを導入し、次いでMgCl2を10モル、Ti(o-n-C4H9)4を20モル導入し、95℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、40℃に温度を下げ、次いでメチルヒドロポリシロキサン(20センチストークスのもの)を12リットル導入し、3時間反応させた。生成した固体成分をn-ヘプタンで洗浄した。
次いで、前記攪拌機付槽を用いて該槽に、上記と同様に精製したn-ヘプタンを5リットル導入し、上記で合成した固体成分をMg原子換算で3モル導入した。次いでn-ヘプタン2.5リットルにSiCl45モルを混合して30℃、30分間でフラスコへ導入し、70℃で3時間反応させた。反応終了後、n-ヘプタンで洗浄した。
次いで前記攪拌機付槽へn-ヘプタン2.5リットル導入し、フタル酸クロライド0.3モルを混合して、70℃、30分間で導入し、90℃で1時間反応させた。反応終了後、n-ヘプタンで洗浄した。次いでTiCl42リットルを導入して110℃で3時間反応させた。反応終了後、n-ヘプタンで洗浄して固体触媒成分(c)を製造するための固体成分(c1)を得た。この固体成分のチタン含量は2.0重量%であった。
次いで、窒素置換した前記攪拌機付槽にn-ヘプタンを8リットル、上記で合成した固体成分(c1)を400グラム導入し、成分(c2)としてSiCl40.6リットルを導入して90℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、さらに成分(c3)として(CH2=CH)Si(CH3)30.54モル、成分(c4)として(t-C4H9)(CH3)Si(OCH3)20.27モルおよび成分(c5)としてAl(C2H5)31.5モルを順次導入して30℃で2時間接触させた。接触終了後、n-ヘプタンで充分に洗浄し、塩化マグネシウムを主体とする成分(c)390gを得た。このもののチタン含量は、1.8重量%であった。
内容積400リットルの攪拌機付きステンレス鋼製オートクレーブをプロピレンガスで充分に置換し、重合溶媒として脱水及び脱酸素したn-ヘプタン120リットルを入れた。次に温度70℃の条件下、トリエチルアルミニウム30g、水素12リットル、および前記触媒成分(c)を10g加えた。オートクレーブを内温75℃に昇温した後、プロピレンを20.7Kg/Hr、水素を20.6L/Hrで供給。200分後にプロピレン、水素の供給を停止した。プロピレン、水素の供給の間、器内の圧力は徐々に上昇し、最終的に0.46MPaGまで上昇。その後、残重合を行い、器内の圧力が0.35MPaになった時点で、反応器内のガスを0.03MPaGまでパージしプロピレン重合体を得た(前段重合工程)。
次いで、オートクレーブを内温65℃にセットした後、n-ブタノールを16.0cc導入、次いで、プロピレンを2.4Kg/Hr、エチレンを1.6Kg/Hrで供給。90分後エチレン、プロピレンの供給を停止、重合を終了した。圧力はエチレン、プロピレン供給開始時0.03MPaGであったが、供給停止時0.09MPaGであった(後段重合工程)。
得られたスラリーは、次の攪拌機付き槽に移送し、ブタノールを2.5リットル加え、70℃で3時間処理し、更に次の攪拌機付き槽に移送、水酸化ナトリウム20gを溶解した純水100リットルを加え、1時間処理した後、水層を静置後分離、触媒残渣を除去した。スラリーは遠心分離機で処理し、ヘプタンを除去、80℃の乾燥機で3時間処理しヘプタンを完全に除去、59.7Kgのサンプルを得た。
材料A-1と同様の方法にて、水素量、エチレン量を調整することにより、表1に示す組成、物性の材料を得た。
(材料A-8)
ホモポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ社製、商品名「ノバテック(登録商標)PP MA3」、MFR(230℃、2.16kg荷重):10g/10分)を用いた。
上記材料A-1~A-11の特性を下記表1に示す。
内容積200リットルのステンレス製オートクレーブにn-ヘプタン70リットル、Mg担持型チタン触媒(特開平4-348113の実施例1と同様にして調製された固体触媒)3g、およびトリエチルアルミニウム10gを加え、70℃に昇温し、水素とプロピレンを供給してMFR=50g/10分のプロピレン単独重合体を全重合体の70重量%製造した。次に水素をパージしてエチレンとプロピレンを供給し、エチレン含量10重量%、重量平均分子量480万のエチレン・プロピレン共重合体を全重合体の30重量%製造して樹脂組成物を得た。
材料B-1において、プロピレン単独重合(前段重合工程)およびエチレン・プロピレン共重合(後段重合工程)の重合条件を変更した以外、同様の方法によって各インデックスの樹脂組成物を得た。
上記材料B-1~B-9の特性を下記表2に示す。
スリットダイによる発泡押出評価
表3に記載の各成分のペレットを使用し、発泡核剤として発泡剤(重曹-クエン酸系化学発泡剤、クラリアント社製、商品名「CF40E」)を0.5重量部ドライブレンドで混ぜた。65φmmの押出機(プラ技研社製、スクリュー先端温度180℃)を用いて、押出量約60kg/時間で押出した。押出機前半において、まず溶融混練可塑化を行い、次いで、押出機中間部分にて炭酸ガス定量供給装置(昭和炭酸社製)より、時間当たり0.23kgで炭酸ガスを注入し、更に押出機の残存部分で炭酸ガスを可塑化樹脂中に混練することにより、炭酸ガスを均一に分散させた発泡剤含有樹脂を得、その後750mm幅のTダイ(設定温度180℃)からポリシングロールにキャストし、冷却固化を行い、巻き取ることによって発泡シートのサンプルを得た。
その後、そのシートを用いて、発泡倍率、連続気泡率、独立気泡率、気泡形態を観察した。なお、添加する炭酸ガス量は最低2.5倍の範囲が得られる程度のガス量であるため、これらの範囲を下回る場合、膨らみにくい材料、すなわち発泡に適さない材料と判断できる。
測定装置としてエアーピクノメーター(東芝ベックマン社製、型式930)を用いて、空気比重を測定し、多層による非発泡層の堆積を除外し、以下の式により連続気泡率、独立気泡率を測定した。
連続気泡率=(見掛発泡層体積-測定値)×100/見掛発泡層体積
独立気泡率=(測定値-発泡層重量/0.9)/見掛発泡層体積×100
上記で得られたシートを用い、浅野研究所社製真空圧空成形装置を用い、上下ヒーター温度380℃にて、タテ22cm、ヨコ22cm、深さ5cmの円形容器を作成し、容器成形性、外観を目視にて評価した。
評価は、以下の基準に拠った。
・容器成型性:
○:成型時の垂れ下がりや、加熱時の破膜等、問題なく成型できた。
△:垂れ下がりが多少あるが、加熱時の破膜は起こらず、成型は可能であった。
×:垂れ下がりが大きい、ないしは加熱時の破膜が生じ、成型が不可能であった。
・容器外観:
○:容器の外観に凹凸、ブリッジ等は生じず、肉厚の維持も適当で良好な容器が得られた。
△:ブリッジ等が多少生じる、容器の外観の凹凸がやや生じる、肉厚の維持がやや不足だが、使用可能な容器が得られた。
×:ブリッジ等が生じる、容器の外観の凹凸が激しい、肉厚の維持が不十分な容器が得られた。
以上の結果を下記表3に示す。
ブロー成形機による発泡押出評価:
表4に記載の成分のペレットを使用し、発泡核剤として前記発泡剤「CF40E」(重曹、クエン酸系化学発泡剤)を3重量部ドライブレンドで混ぜ、ダイス設定温度170℃としたダイレクトブロー成形機に供給し、発泡状態のパリソンを得た。
得られた発泡状態のパリソンの表面平滑性を、次の3段階で評価した。
○:手で表面をなでてすべすべするもの
△:手で表面をなでてざらざらするもの
×:手で表面をなでて凹凸が感じられるもの
この場合、○および△が実用性を有すると、判断されるレベルである。
・発泡倍率:
原料のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物の比重と得られた発泡状態のパリソンの比重との比を発泡倍率とした。比重は水中置換法によって求めた。
発泡倍率は1.8倍以上が良好と判断できる。
以上の評価結果を表4に示す。
スリットダイによる発泡押出評価
表3~5に記載の各成分のペレットを使用し、各表に記載の比率にてドライブレンドした後、発泡核剤として発泡剤(重曹-クエン酸系化学発泡剤、クラリアント社製、商品名「CF40E」)を0.5重量部ドライブレンドで混ぜた。65φmmの押出機(プラ技研社製、スクリュー先端温度180℃)を用いて、押出量約60kg/時間で押出した。押出機前半において、まず溶融混練可塑化を行い、次いで、押出機中間部分にて炭酸ガス定量供給装置(昭和炭酸社製)より、時間当たり0.23kgで炭酸ガスを注入し、更に押出機の残存部分で炭酸ガスを可塑化樹脂中に混練することにより、炭酸ガスを均一に分散させた発泡剤含有樹脂を得、その後750mm幅のTダイ(設定温度180℃)からポリシングロールにキャストし、冷却固化を行い、巻き取ることによって発泡シートのサンプルを得た。
その後、そのシートを用いて、発泡倍率、連続気泡率、独立気泡率、気泡形態を観察した。なお、添加する炭酸ガス量は最低2.5倍の範囲が得られる程度のガス量であるため、これらの範囲を下回る場合、膨らみにくい材料、すなわち発泡に適さない材料と判断できる。
測定装置としてエアーピクノメーター(東芝ベックマン社製、型式930)を用いて、空気比重を測定し、多層による非発泡層の堆積を除外し、以下の式により連続気泡率、独立気泡率を測定した。
連続気泡率=(見掛発泡層体積-測定値)×100/見掛発泡層体積
独立気泡率=(測定値-発泡層重量/0.9)/見掛発泡層体積×100
上記で得られたシートを用い、浅野研究所社製真空圧空成形装置を用い、上下ヒーター温度380℃にて、タテ22cm、ヨコ22cm、深さ5cmの円形容器を作成し、容器成形性、外観を目視にて評価した。
評価は、以下の基準に拠った。
・容器成型性:
○:成型時の垂れ下がりや、加熱時の破膜等、問題なく成型できた。
△:垂れ下がりが多少あるが、加熱時の破膜は起こらず、成型は可能であった。
×:垂れ下がりが大きい、ないしは加熱時の破膜が生じ、成型が不可能であった。
・容器外観:
○:容器の外観に凹凸、ブリッジ等は生じず、肉厚の維持も適当で良好な容器が得られた。
△:ブリッジ等が多少生じる、容器の外観の凹凸がやや生じる、肉厚の維持がやや不足だが、使用可能な容器が得られた。
×:ブリッジ等が生じる、容器の外観の凹凸が激しい、肉厚の維持が不十分な容器が得られた。
以上の結果を下記表5~7に示す。
5.ブロー成形機による発泡押出評価:
表8に記載の成分のペレットを使用し、表6に記載の比率にてドライブレンドした後、発泡核剤として前記発泡剤「CF40E」(重曹、クエン酸系化学発泡剤)を3重量部ドライブレンドで混ぜ、ダイス設定温度170℃としたダイレクトブロー成形機に供給し、発泡状態のパリソンを得た。
得られた発泡状態のパリソンの表面平滑性を、次の3段階で評価した。
○:手で表面をなでてすべすべするもの
△:手で表面をなでてざらざらするもの
×:手で表面をなでて凹凸が感じられるもの
この場合、○および△が実用性を有すると、判断されるレベルである。
・発泡倍率:
原料のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物の比重と得られた発泡状態のパリソンの比重との比を発泡倍率とした。比重は水中置換法によって求めた。
発泡倍率は1.8倍以上が良好と判断できる。
・耐ドローダウン性
ダイス設定温度170℃で発泡状態のパリソンを長さ1.0m押し出した時のパリソン下部肉厚に対するパリソン上部肉厚の比が0.8~1.0のものを良好で○、0.8未満のもの又は成形不良若しくは成形不能のものを不良で×とした。
以上の評価結果を表8に示す。
Claims (8)
- 下記の成分(A)及び成分(B)の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(A)及び成分(B)の合計100重量%基準で、成分(A)の含有量が100重量%又は100重量%未満70重量%以上、成分(B)の含有量が0重量%又は0重量%を超え30重量%以下であることを特徴とするポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
・成分(A):
下記(A-1)~(A-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(A1))とプロピレン単独重合体(成分(A2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(A1)の含有量が1~20重量%、成分(A2)の含有量が99~80重量%(ただし、成分(A1)及び成分(A2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、かつメルトフローレートが5~20g/10分の範囲にあり、温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定においてひずみ硬化性を示すプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
(A-1)α-オレフィン含量が15~85重量%(ただし、成分(A1)を構成するモノマーの全量を100重量%とする)
(A-2)固有粘度ηが5~20dl/g
(A-3)Mw/Mnが5~15
・成分(B):
MFRが10~1000g/10分の、プロピレン単独重合体またはプロピレン以外のα-オレフィン含量が1重量%未満のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B1))と、重量平均分子量が50万~1000万、プロピレン以外のα-オレフィンの含量が1~15重量%のプロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(成分(B2))の少なくとも2成分からなり、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)を多段重合法によって重合して得られ、成分(B1)の含有量が50~90重量%、成分(B2)の含有量が50~10重量%(ただし、成分(B1)及び成分(B2)の合計を100重量%とする。)であり、
かつ、下記(B-1)~(B-3)の条件を満たすプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
(B-1)MFRが0.1~20g/10分
(B-2)溶融張力(MT)とMFRの関係が以下の式を満たす
logMT>-0.97×logMFR+1.23
(B-3)最長緩和時間(τd)が100秒以上 - 成分(A)の含有量が100重量%、成分(B)の含有量が0重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 成分(A)の含有量が97~70重量%、成分(B)の含有量が3~30重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 成分(A)は、温度180℃、歪み速度10s-1において測定した伸張粘度測定における歪硬化指数λmax(10)が1.2以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物に発泡剤を添加し、これを押出発泡成形して成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体。
- ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体が、スリットダイまたはサーキュラーダイから押出されて成形された発泡シートである請求項5に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体。
- 請求項6に記載の発泡シートを熱成形により成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡熱成形体。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物に発泡剤を添加し、これをパリソン状に押出し、その後金型内においてブロー成形により成形されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡中空成形体。
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