WO2012160622A1 - 電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置 - Google Patents
電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012160622A1 WO2012160622A1 PCT/JP2011/061651 JP2011061651W WO2012160622A1 WO 2012160622 A1 WO2012160622 A1 WO 2012160622A1 JP 2011061651 W JP2011061651 W JP 2011061651W WO 2012160622 A1 WO2012160622 A1 WO 2012160622A1
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- motor
- motor drive
- power steering
- electric power
- gear
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/02—Casings or enclosures characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
- H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
- H02K7/1166—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion comprising worm and worm-wheel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
- H02K9/227—Heat sinks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor drive device used in an electric power steering device for a vehicle, and more particularly to a motor drive device integrated with a motor drive control device.
- Patent Document 1 there is a column-type electric power steering device as in Patent Document 1, and a structure in which a motor and a motor drive control device are integrated for the electric power steering device has been devised (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 Patent Document 3
- the structure in which the motor and the motor drive control device are integrated can be downsized.
- Patent Document 1 when the motor shaft length is long, it is difficult to mount, and there is a problem that the space around the transmission mechanism such as the worm gear cannot be effectively used.
- a motor with a long motor shaft length has a problem that the center of gravity of the motor is located away from a transmission mechanism such as a worm gear, which is disadvantageous in terms of vibration and noise.
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 in which the motor and the motor drive control device are integrated, the drive control device is arranged on the same axis of the motor, but the shaft length of the drive control device is long. And since it is arrange
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a motor drive device for an electric power steering device that achieves both a reduction in size and a reduction in vibration and noise. .
- a motor driving apparatus for an electric power steering apparatus includes a stator iron core, a frame for fixing the stator iron core, a motor having a rotor iron core fixed to a rotatably supported shaft, and a shaft coaxial with the motor.
- the motor drive device for an electric power steering apparatus comprising a motor drive control apparatus arranged so as to be integrated therewith, either the motor drive control apparatus or the motor has a gear ( There are two or more screw holes for fixing to the speed reduction mechanism), the maximum value of the distance between the center points of the screw holes is L1, and the axial direction of the stator core away from the gear When the distance between the end surface and the mounting surface on the gear side is L2, the L1 is set to be equal to or greater than the L2.
- the motor drive control device is coaxially arranged and integrated, but the axial length is shorter and flat than the conventional device.
- the space around the gear can be used effectively, and at the same time, it is easy to mount.
- the center of gravity of the stator core and the rotor core which are heavy, can be brought close to the gear of the electric power steering device. Therefore, there is an effect that vibration and noise can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic sectional drawing of the motor drive device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a side view of the motor drive device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view of the motor drive device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram of the motor drive device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the control board of the motor drive control apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the electrical connection part of the motor drive control apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the heat sink of the motor drive control apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the housing of the motor drive control apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the motor drive is arranged on the motor 10 and the front side (motor output shaft side) of the motor 10 and is integrated with the motor 10.
- a control device 30 is provided.
- the connector 90 receives predetermined information such as a power source, steering torque, and vehicle speed information as an electrical signal, and is sent to the electrical connection unit 70 and the control board 60.
- a smoothing capacitor 74 and a coil 75 are embedded in a concave hole 55 provided in the heat sink 50.
- the heat sink 50 and the housing 40 are connected by screws 102, and the housing 40 and the frame 11 of the motor 10 are connected by screws 101.
- the housing 40 and the heat sink 50 are made of metal, and for example, aluminum die casting is suitable.
- An armature winding 13 is wound around the stator core 12, and a rotor including a rotor core 14 and a permanent magnet 15 is disposed opposite to the stator core 12.
- a shaft 16 is press-fitted into the center of the rotation axis of the rotor core 14, and a boss 17 that is a coupling with a shaft of a gear (deceleration mechanism) of the electric power steering device is press-fitted into one end of the shaft 16.
- the shaft 16 is supported by two bearings 18 and 19 so that the rotor can rotate freely.
- One of the bearings 18 and 19 is fixed to the heat sink 50 of the motor drive control device 30, and the other is fixed to the frame 11.
- a variable reluctance type resolver (rotation sensor) 80 is provided as a sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the motor 10.
- the stator core 12 is fixed to the frame 11 by press fitting or shrink fitting, and the frame 11 is fixed to the housing 40.
- the armature winding 13 is electrically connected to a bus bar (not shown) via the terminal 13a, and is electrically connected to the motor drive control device 30 via the bus bar.
- the bus bar is supplied with current from the switching element 73 of the motor drive control device 30 and can drive the motor 10.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the motor drive device according to the first embodiment, and shows the external appearance of the motor drive control device 30 and the motor 10 which are arranged on the front side of the motor 10 and are integrated.
- the frame 11 of the motor 10 is fixed to the housing 40 of the motor drive control device 30 by screws 101, and the housing 40 and the heat sink 50 are also fixed by screws 102.
- FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the motor drive device according to the first embodiment, and shows a perspective view of the motor 10 and the motor drive control device 30 that is disposed on the front side of the motor 10 and integrated with the motor 10.
- the detailed structure of the connector 90 is omitted, and screws for fastening the frame 11, the housing 40, and the heat sink 50 are omitted.
- the connector 90 is provided with a power connector and a control signal connector (not shown in detail in the figure).
- the cup-shaped frame 11 that fixes the stator core 12 of the motor 10 by press-fitting has a shape that expands in the outer diameter direction in the vicinity of the contact surface with the housing 40, and there are three screw holes in the circumferential direction in that portion. 11a, which is fastened to the housing 40 with three screws (not shown).
- the contact surface 110 between the housing 40 and the heat sink 50 is on a single plane that intersects the rotational axis direction of the motor 10.
- the screw holes provided for passing screws for fastening the frame 11, the housing 40, and the heat sink 50 of the motor 10 are configured to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction.
- the heat sink 50 is provided with a screw hole 53 for fastening to the gear side of the electric power steering apparatus. In FIG. 3, one screw hole 53 is provided at a position opposed to 180 degrees or almost 180 degrees, but two or more screw holes 53 may be provided as necessary. Details of the structures of the housing 40 and the heat sink 50 will be described later.
- the heat sink 50 of the motor drive control device 30 is provided with two screw holes 53 for fixing to the gear of the electric power steering device.
- the distance between the center points of the screw holes 53 is L1.
- the straight line A passes through the center point of the screw hole 53 provided on the upper side of the paper, and is a straight line parallel to the shaft 16 of the motor 10.
- the straight line B passes through the center point of the screw hole 53 provided on the lower side.
- the straight line is parallel to the shaft 16 of the motor 10, and the distance between the straight lines is L1.
- a plane D is a plane that coincides with the rear end face of the stator core 12.
- L2 the distance between the plane C and the plane D
- L3 a plane E coinciding with the contact surface between the frame 11 and the housing 40 and a rear plane F of the motor 10
- the distance between the plane C and the plane E is L3
- the distance between the plane E and the plane F is L4.
- the value of L3 is configured to be a value equal to or greater than L4.
- FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the motor drive control device 30.
- the armature winding 13 of the motor 10 is Y-connected.
- one FET 73a constitutes the + phase arm of the U phase of the three-phase bridge circuit
- the other FET 73b is the arm on the minus side of the U phase Is configured.
- the other end of the FET 73a is connected to a ripple absorbing smoothing capacitor 74 and a noise absorbing coil 75, and the other end of the FET 73b is connected to the ground potential portion of the vehicle via a shunt resistor 73d.
- a connection point where one ends of the FETs 73a and 73b are connected to each other is a U-phase AC side terminal of the three-phase bridge circuit.
- the other FET 73c mounted on the switching element 73 has one end connected to the U-phase AC side terminal and the other end connected to the U-phase terminal of the armature winding 13.
- the W phase and V phase have the same configuration.
- One end of the two FETs 76a and 76b mounted on the power relay 76 is connected to each other, and the other end of the one FET 76a is connected to the + side DC terminal of the three-phase bridge circuit via the coil 75.
- the other end of the other FET 76b is connected to a battery 100 mounted on the vehicle via a power connector. 4 shows an example in which the position of the power relay 76 is arranged between the battery 100 and the coil 75, it may be arranged between the coil 75 and the smoothing capacitor 74.
- the FET drive circuit 65 mounted on the control board 60 has an output terminal connected to each gate of each FET described above, and is configured to give a gate drive signal to each of these gates at a predetermined timing. ing.
- the microcomputer 64 mounted on the control board 60 controls the output timing of the gate drive signal output from the FET drive circuit 65 based on the rotation detection signal from the resolver 80 which is the rotation sensor described above.
- the motor drive device configured as described above is used in an electric power steering device, it is not shown when the driver operates the steering wheel to apply steering torque to the steering shaft.
- the torque detection device detects the steering torque and inputs it to the microcomputer 64. Further, a rotation detection signal corresponding to the steering rotation speed detected by the resolver 80, which is a rotation sensor, is input to the microcomputer 64.
- the microcomputer 64 calculates the assist torque based on the input steering torque, steering rotation speed, vehicle speed signal, etc., and the motor 10 generates torque for applying the assist torque to the steering shaft via the deceleration mechanism.
- the three-phase bridge circuit which is a motor drive circuit is controlled.
- the FET drive circuit 65 generates a gate drive signal at a predetermined timing based on an instruction from the microcomputer 64 and controls conduction of each FET of the three-phase bridge circuit.
- the three-phase bridge circuit generates a predetermined three-phase alternating current, supplies the three-phase alternating current to the armature winding 13 of the motor 10, and drives the motor 10.
- the torque generated by the motor 10 is applied as an assist torque to the steering shaft via the speed reduction mechanism. Thereby, the steering force of the steering wheel by the driver is reduced.
- the motor 10 showed the example connected by Y, it cannot be overemphasized that (DELTA) connection may be sufficient.
- the motor drive control device 30 rotates the motor 10 through the control board 60 of FIG. 5, the electrical connection portion 70, the smoothing capacitor 74, the coil 75, the switching element 73, the heat sink 50 of FIG. 7, and the housing 40 of FIG. It is constructed by stacking in the axial direction.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of the control board 60 of the motor drive control device according to the first embodiment, as viewed from the rear side (opposite side of the motor output shaft).
- a microcomputer 64 and an FET drive circuit 65 are mounted on the control board 60, and there is a hole 61 through which the shaft 16 of the motor 10 passes in the center, and a hole 62 through which a control signal line passes around the hole 61. There are as many as there are.
- a predetermined number of holes 63 through which terminals serving as signal lines from the connector 90 are provided in the upper portion of the figure.
- the control board 60 is held by the electrical connection portion 70 by screwing or soldering to the control signal line 73h.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the electrical connection portion of the motor drive control apparatus according to the first embodiment, in which the electrical connection portion 70, the smoothing capacitor 74, the coil 75, and the switching element 73 are viewed from the front side.
- the electrical connection portion 70 is constituted by a positive bus bar 77, a negative bus bar 78, and a frame 72 made of an insulating member such as resin.
- the frame 72 plays a role of holding a terminal 79 which is a signal line from the bus bars 77 and 78 and the connector 90 and a role of securing electrical insulation between these members and other members.
- the bus bar 77 is connected to the battery 100, but the + side of the battery 100 is electrically connected to the + side bus bar 77 via a harness or a connector electrode.
- the bus bar 77 is connected to one terminal of the coil 75, and is again connected to another + side bus bar from the other terminal. Furthermore, the bus bar 77 is arranged so as to draw a square around the shaft insertion hole 71. On the other hand, the minus side bus bar 78 is arranged inside the plus side bus bar 77 so as to draw a square, and is connected to the minus side of the battery 100 via a harness or a connector electrode.
- the electrical connection portion 70 is held on the heat sink 50 by screws or the like.
- a smoothing capacitor 74 and a switching element 73 are connected to the + side bus bar 77 and the ⁇ side bus bar 78.
- a power relay 76 is connected in series to the + side of the coil 75.
- the control signal line 76c extending from the power relay 76 controls ON / OFF of the power relay 76.
- three smoothing capacitors 74 are arranged and arranged at the corners of bus bars 77 and 78 arranged in a square shape.
- the switching element 73 is connected to the + side bus bar 77 and the ⁇ side bus bar 78 via the + side terminal 73f and the ⁇ side terminal 73g.
- a motor side terminal 73e is provided in each switching element 73 and supplies current to the motor 10.
- a control signal line 73h extends from the switching element 73 toward the control board 60.
- the switching element 73 As the structure of the switching element 73, a module in which a MOS-FET bare chip and a shunt resistor are molded with a resin can be considered. By adopting a configuration in which the bare chip is molded with resin, the heat generated by the switching element 73 can be efficiently transmitted to the switching element arrangement portion of the heat sink 50, and an effect of reducing the temperature rise of the switching element 73 can be obtained. Therefore, the temperature rise of the control board 60 and the control element can also be suppressed.
- the switching element 73 is not limited to the above, and may have a structure in which a bare chip is mounted on a ceramic substrate such as a DBC (Direct Bonded Copper) substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the heat sink of the motor drive control device according to the first embodiment, in which the heat sink 50 is viewed from the rear side.
- the outer shape viewed from the rear side is a substantially circular shape, and two screw holes 53 for connection to the gear side are provided on the outer peripheral portion. It is provided at a position that faces 180 degrees or almost 180 degrees.
- Three screw holes 52 are provided at positions separated from the screw holes 53 in the axial direction. This is a screw hole for connection with the housing 40 described later, and is provided at three positions at a distance of about 120 degrees in FIG.
- a hole 51 through which the shaft 16 of the motor 10 passes is provided in the center of the heat sink 50.
- a total of three rectangular switching element arrangement portions 54 are provided around the hole 51.
- the switching element arrangement portion 54 corresponds to that in FIG. 1 and is preferably processed with high precision so that the surface is flat in order to maintain a uniform contact state with the switching element 73.
- a round hole 55 is provided next to the switching element arrangement portion 54. This hole 55 is a recess for embedding the smoothing capacitor 74 and the coil 75 of FIG. In the example of FIG. 7, a total of four holes are provided to embed three smoothing capacitors 74 and one coil 75.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the housing 40 of the motor drive control device according to the first embodiment, which is viewed from the rear side.
- Three screw holes 42 for connection with the frame 10 are provided in the circumferential direction, and their positions are made to coincide with the circumferential positions of the screw holes 52 of the heat sink in FIG.
- the frame 11 and the housing 40 of the motor 10 are fastened by passing the screw 101 through the screw hole 42.
- a hole 41 through which the shaft 16 of the motor 10 passes is provided.
- three holes 43 through which a bus bar (not shown) for electrically connecting the motor 10 and the switching element 73 pass are provided. The reason why the three locations are provided is that the motor 10 is electrically connected to the switching element 73 through the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase bus bars.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of the heat sink of the motor drive control apparatus according to the first embodiment when viewed from the rear side of the motor, and shows an example in which a ceramic substrate on which switching elements are arranged is provided on the switching element arrangement portion 54 of the heat sink 50.
- Two FETs 76a, 76b constituting one power supply relay 76 and three FETs 73a, 73b, 73c of each phase constituting a three-phase bridge circuit are arranged on a substantially circumference, and one coil 75 is interposed between them.
- a hole 55 (or a concave portion) in which three smoothing capacitors 74 are arranged is provided.
- the power relay 76 includes a ceramic substrate 54b and two FETs 76a and 76b, and each of the three-phase switching elements 73 includes a ceramic substrate 54a, three FETs 73a, 73b and 73c, and one shunt resistor 73d. Yes. In the figure, wire bonding for electrically connecting a bare chip and a shunt resistor is omitted.
- the FET 73a is disposed on the + side arm
- the FET 73b and the shunt resistor 73d are disposed on the ⁇ side arm
- the FET 73c is disposed on the motor side.
- the FET 73c is normally always in an ON state, and when necessary, plays a role of electrically disconnecting the motor 10, that is, a role of a motor relay.
- each of the three-phase switching elements has a common design and can be reduced in cost.
- the ceramic substrates 54a and 54b for example, a DBC substrate (Direct Bonded Copper) or a DBA substrate (Direct Bonded Aluminum) may be used. If a DBC substrate is used, the heat generated by the FET and shunt resistor can be efficiently released to the heat sink using copper thin plate (DBA substrate is an aluminum thin plate) and ceramic, thus reducing the temperature rise of the FET and shunt resistor. Can do.
- the ceramic substrates 54a and 54b may be bonded to the switching element arrangement portion 54 via an adhesive, or may be fixed with a band.
- the ceramic substrates 54a and 54b can efficiently transmit the heat generated by the switching element to the switching element arrangement portion 54, and an effect of reducing the temperature rise of the switching element can be obtained.
- the fact that the temperature rise of the control board and the control element can also be suppressed means that the motor drive control device can be reduced in size and weight, and the shaft length of the motor drive control device can be reduced. It becomes possible to bring the center of gravity closer to the gear side. As a result, an effect that vibration and noise can be reduced is obtained.
- the space around the transmission mechanism such as a worm gear can be effectively used.
- FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the motor 10.
- the permanent magnet 15 is affixed to the surface of the rotor core 14, and the number of poles is 10 in this example.
- the cross-sectional shape of the permanent magnet 15 is a semi-cylindrical shape, which reduces the harmonic component of the magnetic flux and reduces the torque pulsation by making the induced voltage sinusoidal.
- the rotor core 14 is provided with a protruding portion 14a, which serves to fix the permanent magnet 14 so as not to slip in the circumferential direction.
- the stator core 12 is provided with a slot 12a for winding the armature winding 13. In the example of FIG.
- the armature winding 13 is intensively wound around the teeth 12b extending in the radial direction of the stator core 12, and the number of slots is twelve. Is wound. Furthermore, when the number of phases of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine is 3, and these are U phase, V phase, and W phase, the winding arrangement is U1 +, U1 ⁇ , V1 ⁇ , V1 +, W1 + as shown in FIG. , W1 ⁇ , U2 ⁇ , U2 +, V2 +, V2 ⁇ , W2 ⁇ , W2 +.
- + and ⁇ indicate the winding direction, and + and ⁇ indicate that the winding directions are opposite to each other. Furthermore, U1 + and U1 ⁇ are connected in series, and U2 ⁇ and U2 + are also connected in series.
- This 10-pole 12-slot motor has a large winding coefficient for the fundamental wave and a small winding coefficient for the harmonics, and thus becomes a motor with high torque and low torque pulsation. Therefore, the size can be reduced and the axial length of the motor 10 can be reduced, so that the center of gravity of the motor 10 can be brought closer to the gear side, so that the effect of reducing vibration and noise can be obtained.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of 10 poles and 12 slots, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the motor drive device for the electric power steering apparatus includes the stator core 12, the frame 11 that fixes the stator core, and the rotation fixed to the shaft 16 that is rotatably supported.
- the motor drive control device 30 or the motor 10 includes a motor 10 having a core iron core 14 and a motor drive control device 30 arranged so as to be integrated with the shaft coaxially.
- L1 is configured to have a value equal to or greater than L2.
- the motor drive device for an electric power steering device configured as described above has the following effects.
- the motor drive control device 30 is coaxially arranged and integrated, the axial length can be made shorter and flat compared to the conventional device, so the space around the gear can be used effectively.
- the effect of easy mounting is obtained.
- vibrations occur because the center of gravity of the stator core 12 and the rotor core 14 that are heavy can be brought closer to the gear. -There is also an effect that noise can be reduced.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show the case where there are two screw holes 53.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and there are three or more screw holes 53 in the circumferential direction. If the largest distance is defined as L1, the same effect can be obtained.
- the motor drive control device 30 is arranged on the gear side when viewed from the motor 10, and the total length of the heat sink 50 and the housing 40 in the axial direction is L3, and the length of the frame 11 of the motor 10 is L4.
- L3 is configured to have a value greater than or equal to L4.
- the motor drive control device 30 is disposed on the gear side when viewed from the motor 10, and the heat sink 50 is disposed on the gear side.
- the heat sink 50 which occupies most of the weight in the motor drive control device 50, is arranged closer to the gear, so that the center of gravity of the motor 10 and the motor drive control device 30 is closer to the gear. Since there is an effect that vibration and noise can be reduced.
- the switching element 73 is arranged in a switching element arrangement part 54 that is provided integrally with or separately from the heat sink 50.
- the heat sink 50 is disposed on the front side.
- the motor drive control device 30 has a smoothing capacitor 74 and a coil 75, and has such a configuration in which the smoothing capacitor 74 and the coil 75 are embedded in a hole 55 provided in the heat sink 50. Since the coil 75 is embedded in the hole of the heat sink, the axial length can be shortened and the size can be reduced. At the same time, the center of gravity can be brought close to the position close to the gear, so that vibration and noise can be reduced.
- the rotation sensor 80 for detecting the rotational position of the motor 10 is embedded in the heat sink 50 of the motor drive control device 30, the axial length can be shortened, the size can be reduced, and the center of gravity is located close to the gear. Therefore, vibration and noise can be reduced.
- the housing 40 of the motor drive control device 30 is described as suitable for aluminum die casting, the housing 40 may be entirely or partially made of resin.
- the housing 40 is made of resin, the effects of suppressing vibration displacement due to weight reduction and vibration transmission suppression due to attenuation by the resin can be obtained as compared with the case where the housing 40 is made of metal such as aluminum die casting.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is an external view of the motor drive device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and shows the external appearance of the motor drive control device 30 and the motor 10 which are arranged on the front side of the motor and are integrated.
- the frame 11 of the motor 10 is fixed to the housing 40 of the motor drive control device 30 by screws 101, and the housing 40 and the heat sink 50 are also fixed by screws 102.
- What is different from FIG. 2 is the direction of the connector 90.
- the connector 90 extends toward the rear of the motor 10, but in the example of FIG. 11, the connector 90 extends in the radial direction of the motor 10, and the pointing direction is the radial direction. Show.
- the space around the radial direction of the motor 10 can be used effectively, and the mountability is improved.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor drive device according to the third embodiment.
- the motor drive control device is disposed on the opposite side (rear side of the motor) from the gear side (reduction mechanism side) of the electric power steering device.
- An example is shown.
- An armature winding 13 is wound around the stator core 12, and a rotor including a rotor core 14 and a permanent magnet 15 is disposed opposite to the stator core 12.
- a shaft 16 is press-fitted into the center of the rotation axis of the rotor core 14, and a boss 17 that is a coupling with a gear shaft of the electric power steering device is press-fitted into one end of the shaft 16.
- the shaft 16 is supported by two bearings so that the rotor can rotate freely.
- a bearing 19 arranged on the gear side (front side) as viewed from the motor 10 is fixed to a cover 20 arranged on the gear side (front side) of the stator core 12.
- the bearing 18 disposed on the rear side is also fixed to the cover 21 disposed on the rear side.
- the stator core 12 is fixed to the frame 11 by press-fitting or shrink fitting.
- the frame 11 is provided with a protruding portion 11b having a screw hole over the entire length in the axial direction of the frame 11. Such a shape can be created by processing aluminum by extrusion.
- a rotation sensor 80 is provided at the rear end of the shaft 16. In FIG. 12, a variable reluctance type resolver is arranged. However, it goes without saying that the rotation sensor 80 is not limited to this, and may be a magnetic sensor in which a permanent magnet and a GMR or MR element are combined.
- the motor drive control device 30 includes a control board 60 on which a microcomputer 64 is mounted.
- the motor drive control apparatus 30 includes an electrical connection portion 70 that electrically connects a coil 75 and a smoothing capacitor 74 on the motor 10 side as viewed from the control board 60, and performs switching.
- the element 73 is arranged in the switching element arrangement part 54, and further, a heat sink 50 integrated with the switching element arrangement part 54 (may be separate) is provided.
- a hole is provided in the heat sink 50, and a smoothing capacitor 74 and a coil 75 are embedded.
- the motor drive control device 30 is covered with a metal or resin cover 57.
- a connector 90 is provided behind the cover 57 to supply power from the battery 100, a torque sensor, a vehicle speed signal, and the like.
- the cover 57 is fixed to the heat sink 50 by using an adhesive or a screw or an adhesive and a screw in combination.
- the frame 11 of the motor 10 is provided with a projecting portion 11b in the radial direction, in which a screw hole 11c for fixing the motor drive control device and a screw hole 11d for fixing the gear are provided.
- the distance between the center positions of the screw holes 11d for fixing the gear that is, the distance between the straight lines A and B is L1
- the contact surface with the gear is C
- the end face on the rear side of the stator core 12 is D
- the value of L1 is greater than the value of L2. Since the stator core 12 of the motor 10 occupies most of the weight among the motor components, the position of the center of gravity of the motor 10 greatly depends on the position of the stator core 12.
- the axial end surface of the stator core 12 and the axial end surface of the rotor core are configured to coincide or substantially coincide with each other. Therefore, the value of L1 is L2. By setting the value to be greater than or equal to the value, the center of gravity of the motor 10 can be brought closer to the gear side.
- the center of gravity of the motor 10 can be brought closer to the gear side, so that it is possible to reduce the vibration and noise, and at the same time to reduce the size of the apparatus.
- the frame 11 is formed by extrusion molding, the degree of freedom of the cross-sectional shape is increased, so that there is an effect that the cross-sectional frame 11 in consideration of the layout with the gear can be easily formed.
- the center of gravity can be disposed in front of the motor drive control device 30 disposed on the gear side (front side), a further effect of reducing vibration and noise can be obtained.
- the heat sink 50 is provided on the front side of the motor drive control device 30, the heavy heat sink 50 among the components is arranged on the side closer to the gear, and the center of gravity is brought closer to the position closer to the gear. As a result, vibration and noise can be reduced.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor drive device according to Embodiment 4, showing an example in which the motor drive device is mounted on a column-type electric power steering device.
- the heat sink 50 is in contact with and fixed to the housing 201 of the gear (deceleration mechanism) 200 by screws (not shown).
- the boss 17 is connected to the worm gear shaft, the torque of the motor 10 is transmitted to the worm gear shaft 202, and the worm gear shaft 202 is rotated. Further, the worm gear 203 rotates the worm wheel 204 and the steering shaft 205 mechanically connected thereto.
- Motor 11 Frame 11a: Screw hole 11b: Projection 11c, 11d: Screw hole 12: Stator core 12a: Slot 12b: Teeth 13: Armature winding 13a: Terminal 14: Rotor core 14a: Projection 15: Permanent magnet 16: Shaft 17: Boss 18, 19: Bearing 20, 21: Cover 30: Motor drive control device 40: Housing 41: Hole for shaft insertion 42: Screw hole for heat sink connection 43: Hole for inserting the bus bar 50: Heat sink 51: Hole for shaft insertion 52: Screw hole for housing connection 53: Screw hole for gear side connection 54: Switching element placement part 54a, 54b: Ceramic substrate 55: Hole for accommodating smoothing capacitor and coil 56: Flange 57: Cover 58: Hole 60: Control board 61: Hole for shaft insertion 62: Hole for control signal line insertion 63: Hole for terminal insertion 64: Microcomputer 65: FET drive circuit 70: Electrical connection 71: Shaft insertion hole 72: Frame 73: Switching element 73a, 73b, 73,
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Abstract
Description
このようにモータとモータ駆動制御装置が一体型になった構造では装置の小型化が可能となる。
一方、モータとモータ駆動制御装置が一体型となった構造の特許文献2、特許文献3では、駆動制御装置がモータの同軸上に配置されてはいるが、駆動制御装置の軸長が長く、かつギヤ側に配置されているために全長が長くなってしまう。そのため、モータの重心がウォームギヤなどの伝達機構からさらに離れた位置となり、振動が騒音の点で不利であるという課題があった。
さらに、モータ駆動制御装置が同軸上に配置され一体型となった構成にもかかわらず、重量の大きい、固定子鉄心と回転子鉄心の重心位置を電動パワーステアリング装置のギヤに近づけられることができるため振動や騒音を低減できるという効果もある。
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1におけるモータ駆動装置の概略断面図で、モータ10と、モータ10のフロント側(モータの出力軸側)に配置され、モータ10と一体型となったモータ駆動制御装置30を備えている。
モータ駆動制御装置30において、コネクタ90は電源と操舵トルクや車速情報など所定の情報を電気信号として受け取り、電気的接続部70と制御基板60に送られる。ヒートシンク50に設けられた凹状の穴55に平滑コンデンサ74とコイル75が埋設された構造となっている。ヒートシンク50とハウジング40とがネジ102で連結され、ハウジング40とモータ10のフレーム11がネジ101で連結される。ここで、ハウジング40とヒートシンク50は金属で構成されており、例えばアルミダイキャストが適している。
なお、ハウジング40及びヒートシンク50の構造の詳細については後述する。
さらに、フレーム11とハウジング40の当接面に一致する平面Eとモータ10のリヤ側の平面Fを定義し、平面Cと平面Eの距離をL3、平面Eと平面Fとの距離をL4としたとき、L3の値はL4以上の値となる構成となっている。
W相、V相も同様の構成となっている。
モータ駆動制御装置30は、図5の制御基板60、図6の電気的接続部70と平滑コンデンサ74とコイル75とスイッチング素子73、図7のヒートシンク50、図8のハウジング40をモータ10の回転軸方向に積み上げて構成されている。
この制御基板60は、ネジ止めや制御信号線73hとの半田付けにより電気的接続部70に保持される。
なお、電気的接続部70はヒートシンク50にネジ止め等で保持される。
FET73aは+側アームに配置され、FET73bとシャント抵抗73dは-側アームに配置され、FET73cはモータ側に配置されている。FET73cは通常、常にON状態となり、必要なときはモータ10を電気的に切り離す役割すなわちモータリレーの役割を果たす。また、3相の各スイッチング素子は、共通の設計となっており低コスト化が可能となっている。セラミック基板54a、54bは例えばDBC基板(Direct Bonded Copper)や DBA基板(Direct Bonded Aluminum)を用いればよい。DBC基板を使えば、FETやシャント抵抗の発熱を銅の薄板(DBA基板はアルミの薄板)とセラミックを使って効率よくヒートシンクに逃がすことができるため、FETやシャント抵抗の温度上昇を低減することができる。セラミック基板54a、54bはスイッチング素子配置部54に接着剤を介して接合させてもよいし、ばんだで固定してもよい。
さらに、本永久磁石型回転電機の相数は3であり、それらをU相、V相、W相とすると巻線の配置は図10に示すようにU1+、U1-、V1-、V1+、W1+、W1-、U2-、U2+、V2+、V2-、W2-、W2+のように配置されている。ここで+と-は巻き方向を示していて、+と-では巻き方向は互いに逆方向であることを示している。さらにU1+とU1-は直列接続され、U2-とU2+も直列接続されている。これらの2つの直列回路は並列接続されていてもよいし、直列接続されていてもよい。V相、W相も同様である。さらに、三相はY結線でもデルタ結線でもよい。この10極12スロットのモータは基本波の巻線係数が大きく、高調波の巻線係数が小さいため、高トルクで低トルク脈動のモータとなる。したがって、小型化が可能であり、モータ10の軸方向長さを低減できるため、モータ10の重心をギヤ側に近づけることができるため振動・騒音を低減できるという効果が得られる。
図10では10極12スロットの例を示したが、これに限らない。極数をM、スロット数をNとしたときにMとNについて
0.75<N/M<1.5
なる関係式が成り立つときには、N/M=0.75やN/M=1.5の場合に比べて巻線係数が高く永久磁石の磁束を効率的に利用し小型で高トルクの永久磁石型回転電機が得られる。
例えば、14極12スロット(M=14、N=12)、14極18スロット(M=14、N=18)でも同様の効果が得られる。
モータ駆動制御装置30が同軸上に配置され一体型となった構成にもかかわらず、従来装置に比べて、軸方向の長さを短く扁平な形状にできるため、ギヤ周辺の空間を有効活用できると同時に搭載性が容易となる効果が得られる。さらに、モータ駆動制御装置50が同軸上に配置され一体型となった構成にもかかわらず、重量の大きい、固定子鉄心12と回転子鉄心14の重心位置をギヤに近づけられることができるため振動・騒音を低減できるという効果もある。図1~3ではネジ穴53が2ヵ所の場合について示したが、これに限らずネジ穴53が周方向に3ヶ所あるいは3ヶ所以上設けられている場合にも、ネジ穴53の中心点間の距離で最も大きいものをL1と定義すると同様の効果が得られる。
このような構成とすることによって、モータ10の固定子鉄心12と回転子鉄心14部分を扁平にすることで、重心をギヤに近い側に寄せることができ、振動・騒音の低減ができるという効果がある。
このような構成にすることによって、モータ駆動制御装置50の中で重量の多くを占めるヒートシンク50をギヤに近い側へ配置することにより、モータ10とモータ駆動制御装置30の重心をギヤに近い側へ寄せることができるので振動・騒音を低減できるという効果がある。
このような構成とすることで、重心をギヤに近い側へ寄せることができるので振動・騒音を低減できると同時に、スイッチング素子73の発熱を効率よく、ギヤ側へ放熱できるため、温度上昇を低減でき、電動パワーステアリング装置の連続操舵時間を長くできるという効果もある。
このような構成とすることで、平滑コンデンサ74とコイル75がヒートシンクの穴に埋め込まれるため軸方向長さを短縮でき、小型化できると同時に、重心をギヤに近い位置に近づけられることができるため振動・騒音を低減できるという効果がある。
MとNについて
0.75<N/M<1.5
なる関係式が成り立つように構成されているので、N/M=0.75やN/M=1.5の場合に比べて巻線係数が高く永久磁石15の磁束を効率的に利用し小型で高トルクの永久磁石型回転電機が得られる.したがって、固定子鉄心12の軸長の短いモータを提供することができ、小型化できると同時に、重心をギヤに近い位置に近づけられることができるため振動騒音を低減できるという効果がある.
図11はこの発明の実施の形態2におけるモータ駆動装置の外観図で、モータのフロント側に配置され、一体型となったモータ駆動制御装置30とモータ10の外観を示している。モータ10のフレーム11がモータ駆動制御装置30のハウジング40にネジ101によって固定され、さらにハウジング40とヒートシンク50もネジ102で固定されている。
図2と異なるのはコネクタ90の向きである。図2では、コネクタ90はモータ10の後方に向けて延在していたが、図11の例ではコネクタ90がモータ10の径方向に延在し、さらに指し込み方向は径方向とした場合を示している。モータ10の径方向周辺の空間を有効利用でき、搭載性が向上するという効果がある。
図12は実施の形態3おけるモータ駆動装置の概略断面図で、モータ駆動制御装置を電動パワーステアリング装置のギヤ側(減速機構側)とは反対側(モータのリヤ側)に配置し一体型とした例を示している。固定子鉄心12に電機子巻線13が巻き回され、固定子鉄心12に対向して、回転子鉄心14と永久磁石15を備えた回転子が配置されている。回転子鉄心14の回転軸中心にはシャフト16が圧入され、シャフト16の一端には電動パワーステアリング装置のギヤの軸とのカップリングであるボス17が圧入されている。シャフト16は2つの軸受によって支持され回転子が回転自在となるような構造となっている。モータ10から見てギヤ側(フロント側)に配置されている軸受19は、固定子鉄心12のギヤ側(フロント側)に配置されたカバー20に固定されている。一方、リヤ側に配置された軸受18も、リヤ側に配置されたカバー21に固定されている。固定子鉄心12はフレーム11に圧入または焼きばめによって固定されているが、フレーム11にはネジ穴を設ける突出部11bがフレーム11の軸方向長さ全体にわたって設けられている。このような形状はアルミを押し出し成形で加工して作成することができる。シャフト16のリヤ側端部には、回転センサ80が設けられている。図12ではバリアブルリラクタンス型レゾルバを配置している。しかしながら、回転センサ80はこれに限らず、永久磁石とGMRやMR素子を組み合わせた磁気センサでもよいことは言うまでもない。
なお、カバー57はヒートシンク50に接着剤やネジ、あるいは接着剤とネジを併用して固定される。
また、ヒートシンク50がモータ駆動制御装置30のフロント側に設けられているので、構成部品の中でも重量の大きいヒートシンク50がギヤに近い側に配置されることになり、重心をギヤに近い位置に近づけることができ、結果として振動・騒音を低減できるという効果がある。
図13は実施の形態4におけるモータ駆動装置の概略断面図で、コラム式の電動パワーステアリング装置に装着した例を示している。ヒートシンク50がネジ(図示しない)によってギヤ(減速機構)200のハウジング201に当接して固定された状態となっている。ボス17はウォームギヤ軸に連結され、モータ10のトルクがウォームギヤ軸202に伝達され、ウォームギヤ軸202を回転させる。さらに、ウォームギヤ203がウォームホイール204とそれと機械的につながっているステアリング軸205を回転させる。
ギヤ200との取付け用のネジ穴53は2つ設けられており、それらの間の距離をL1、また、ギヤ200との当接面と固定子鉄心12のギヤ200から離れた側の軸方向端面との距離をL2としたとき、L1の値はL2の値以上としている。
このような構成にすることで、モータ10の重心をギヤに近い側に近づけることができるため、モータ10が径方向に加振されたとしても、変位が小さく抑えられるため、低振動・低騒音化が実現できるという効果がある。
11:フレーム 11a:ネジ穴 11b:突出部 11c、11d:ネジ穴
12:固定子鉄心 12a:スロット 12b:ティース
13:電機子巻線 13a:ターミナル
14:回転子鉄心 14a:突起部
15:永久磁石
16:シャフト
17:ボス
18、19:軸受
20、21:カバー
30:モータ駆動制御装置
40:ハウジング
41:シャフト挿通用の穴
42:ヒートシンク連結用のネジ穴
43:バスバー挿通用の穴
50:ヒートシンク
51:シャフト挿通用の穴
52:ハウジング連結用のネジ穴
53:ギヤ側連結用のネジ穴
54:スイッチング素子配置部 54a、54b:セラミック基板
55:平滑コンデンサ・コイル収容用の穴
56:フランジ部
57:カバー
58:穴
60:制御基板
61:シャフト挿通用の穴
62:制御信号線挿通用の穴
63:ターミナル挿通用の穴
64:マイクロコンピュータ
65:FET駆動回路
70:電気的接続部
71:シャフト挿通用穴
72:フレーム
73:スイッチング素子 73a、73b、73c:FET
73d:シャント抵抗 73e:モータ側端子 73f:+側端子
73g:-側端子 73h:制御信号線
74:平滑コンデンサ
75:コイル
76:電源リレー 76a、76b:FET 76c:制御信号線
77:+側バスバー
78:-側バスバー
79:ターミナル
80:レゾルバ(回転センサ)
90:コネクタ 90a: 電源コネクタ 90b:制御コネクタ
100:バッテリ
101:フレーム・ハウジング連結用のネジ
102:ハウジング・ヒートシンク連結用のネジ
110:ハウジング・ヒートシンクの当接面
111:ギヤ・ヒートシンクの当接面
200:ギア(減速機構)
201:ハウジング
202:ウォームギヤ軸
203:ウォームギヤ
204:ウォームホイール
205:ステアリング軸
Claims (13)
- 固定子鉄心、前記固定子鉄心を固定するフレーム、及び回転自在に支持されたシャフトに固定された回転子鉄心を有するモータと、
前記シャフトと同軸上に一体型となるように配置されたモータ駆動制御装置とを具備する電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置において、
前記モータ駆動制御装置あるいはモータのいずれか一方には、電動パワーステアリング装置のギヤ(減速機構)に固定するためのネジ穴が2つ以上設けられており、
前記ネジ穴の中心点の間の距離の最大値をL1とし、
前記固定子鉄心の前記ギヤから離れた側の軸方向端面と前記ギヤ側との取付け面との距離をL2としたとき、
前記L1は前記L2以上の値となることを特徴とする
電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。 - 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記モータの駆動制御を行うスイッチング素子を実装されたヒートシンクと、前記スイッチング素子を覆うように前記ヒートシンクに結合されるハウジングとを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記モータから見てギヤ側に配置されており、前記ヒートシンクと前記ハウジングの軸方向長さの合計をL3とし、前記モータのフレームの長さをL4としたとき、L3はL4以上の値であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記モータから見てギヤ側に配置されており、前記ヒートシンクは前記ギヤ側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記スイッチング素子を、前記ヒートシンクと一体または別体として設けられたスイッチング素子配置部に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2乃至4のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、
リップル吸収用の平滑コンデンサとノイズ吸収用のコイルを有し、前記ヒートシンクに設けた穴に前記平滑コンデンサ及びコイルを埋め込んで配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2乃至5のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。 - 前記モータの電機子の極数をM、スロット数をNとしたとき
MとNについて
0.75<N/M<1.5
なる関係式が成り立つことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一つに1記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。 - 前記ヒートシンクに前記モータの回転角度を検出する回転センサが埋め込まれて配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2乃至7のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記ハウジングの全部あるいは一部が樹脂で構成されることを特徴とする請求項2乃至8のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記モータ及び前記スイッチング素子との電気的接続を行うためのコネクタを有し、
前記コネクタは前記モータの径方向に延在し、さらに指し込み方向は前記モータの径方向であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。 - 前記モータ駆動制御装置は、前記モータから見て前記ギヤから遠い側に配置されている請求項1または2記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記モータ駆動制御装置において、前記ヒートシンクは前記ギヤ側に配置されたことを特徴とする請求項11記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
- 前記ネジ穴に前記ギアのハウジングを固定し、上記モータのシャフトに前記ギアを構成するウォームギア軸を連結したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれか一つに記載の電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置。
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2013516086A JP5414944B2 (ja) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | 電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置 |
EP11866325.1A EP2712065B1 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | Motor driving apparatus for electric-powered power steering apparatus |
CN201180070745.XA CN103534908B (zh) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | 电动动力转向装置用电动机驱动装置 |
US13/979,920 US9088196B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | Motor drive device for electric power steering apparatus |
PCT/JP2011/061651 WO2012160622A1 (ja) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | 電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置 |
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PCT/JP2011/061651 WO2012160622A1 (ja) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | 電動パワーステアリング装置用モータ駆動装置 |
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US (1) | US9088196B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2712065B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5414944B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103534908B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012160622A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2712065A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
JPWO2012160622A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
US20130300222A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
US9088196B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
JP5414944B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
CN103534908B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2712065B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN103534908A (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2712065A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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