WO2010131353A1 - 電力変換装置、電力変換装置の制御方法およびそれを搭載する車両 - Google Patents
電力変換装置、電力変換装置の制御方法およびそれを搭載する車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010131353A1 WO2010131353A1 PCT/JP2009/059033 JP2009059033W WO2010131353A1 WO 2010131353 A1 WO2010131353 A1 WO 2010131353A1 JP 2009059033 W JP2009059033 W JP 2009059033W WO 2010131353 A1 WO2010131353 A1 WO 2010131353A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
- B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle
- B60K28/14—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle responsive to accident or emergency, e.g. deceleration, tilt of vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0029—Circuits or arrangements for limiting the slope of switching signals, e.g. slew rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device, a method for controlling the power conversion device, and a vehicle on which the power conversion device is mounted.
- an electric vehicle that is mounted with a power storage device (for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor) and travels using a driving force generated from the electric power stored in the power storage device has attracted attention.
- a power storage device for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor
- Examples of the electric vehicle include an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, and a fuel cell vehicle.
- a motor generator for generating driving force for traveling by receiving electric power from the power storage device when starting or accelerating, and generating electric power by regenerative braking during braking to store electric energy in the power storage device May be provided.
- electric power converters such as a converter and an inverter, are mounted in an electric vehicle.
- Such a power converter is provided with a large-capacity smoothing capacitor in order to stabilize the supplied DC power. During the operation of the power converter, charges corresponding to the applied voltage are accumulated in the smoothing capacitor.
- the charge accumulated in the smoothing capacitor is required to discharge the remaining charge of the smoothing capacitor promptly when a vehicle collision occurs.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the supply of DC power is stopped in a voltage conversion system including smoothing capacitors provided on the input side and the output side of a converter capable of step-up and step-down operations. A technique for consuming residual charge accumulated in a smoothing capacitor by controlling the converter to alternately perform step-up and step-down operations is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 In the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-201439 (Patent Document 1), not when a vehicle collision occurs but when the ignition key is turned off and the power supply from the power storage device is stopped Is assumed. Therefore, power to the control device that controls the power conversion device is also normally supplied from the power storage device.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-201439
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a residual power stored in a smoothing capacitor in a power converter at the time of a vehicle collision. It is to quickly discharge the electric charge.
- the power conversion device is a power conversion device mounted on a vehicle.
- the vehicle is configured to be capable of switching between a power storage device that supplies DC power to the power conversion device, a collision detection unit for detecting a collision of the vehicle, and supply and interruption of DC power from the power storage device to the power conversion device. And a relay that is cut off when a collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit.
- the power conversion device includes a capacitor, a power conversion unit, a gate drive unit, and a control device.
- the power conversion unit includes a switching element and is configured to convert electric power supplied from the power storage device via a relay.
- the gate driver drives the gate of the switching element.
- the control device controls the gate driving unit so as to consume the residual charge of the capacitor.
- a control apparatus controls a gate drive part so that the switching loss of a switching element may be increased according to the collision detection of a vehicle being detected by the collision detection part.
- the gate driving unit includes a driving voltage changing unit configured to change a gate driving voltage of the switching element. Then, the drive voltage changing unit lowers the gate drive voltage in response to the vehicle collision detected by the collision detection unit.
- the gate driving unit includes a resistance changing unit configured to change a resistance value of a gate resistance of the switching element. Then, the resistance changing unit increases the resistance value of the gate resistance in response to the collision detection unit detecting a vehicle collision.
- the resistance changing unit has a first gate resistance and a second gate resistance having a resistance value larger than that of the first gate resistance.
- the resistance changing unit switches the selection of the gate resistance from the first gate resistance to the second gate resistance in response to the vehicle collision detected by the collision detection unit.
- the second gate resistance is a resistance for protecting the switching element for gently stopping the switching element when an abnormality occurs in the switching element.
- the power conversion unit is configured to perform voltage conversion of DC power supplied from the power storage device, and is capable of performing both step-up and step-down operations, and converts DC power from the converter into AC power.
- an inverter configured to.
- the capacitor includes a first capacitor connected to the power storage device side of the converter and a second capacitor connected to the inverter side of the converter. The converter consumes a part of the residual charge of the first capacitor along with the step-up operation and consumes a part of the residual charge of the second capacitor along with the step-down operation.
- control device controls the converter so as to alternately repeat the step-up operation and the step-down operation in response to detection of a vehicle collision by the collision detection unit.
- the vehicle according to the present invention includes a power conversion device, a power storage device, a collision detection unit, and a relay.
- the power storage device supplies DC power to the power conversion device.
- the collision detection unit detects a vehicle collision.
- the relay is configured to be capable of switching between supply and interruption of DC power from the power storage device to the power conversion device, and is interrupted when a collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit.
- the power conversion device includes a capacitor, a power conversion unit having a switching element and configured to convert power supplied from the power storage device via a relay, and gate drive for driving the gate of the switching element.
- a control device for controlling the gate driving unit to consume the residual charge of the capacitor.
- a control apparatus controls a gate drive part so that the switching loss of a switching element may be increased according to the collision detection of a vehicle being detected by the collision detection part.
- the gate driving unit includes a driving voltage changing unit configured to change a gate driving voltage of the switching element.
- the drive voltage changing unit lowers the gate drive voltage in response to the collision detection unit detecting a vehicle collision by the collision detection unit.
- the gate driving unit includes a resistance changing unit configured to change a gate resistance of the switching element, and the resistance changing unit is configured to change the gate according to the collision detection unit detecting a vehicle collision. Increase the resistance value of the resistor.
- the resistance changing unit has a first gate resistance and a second gate resistance having a resistance value larger than that of the first gate resistance.
- the resistance changing unit switches the selection of the gate resistance from the first gate resistance to the second gate resistance in response to the vehicle collision detected by the collision detection unit.
- the second gate resistance is a resistance for protecting the switching element for gently stopping the switching element when an abnormality occurs in the switching element.
- the power conversion unit is configured to perform voltage conversion of DC power supplied from the power storage device, and is capable of performing both step-up and step-down operations, and converts DC power from the converter into AC power.
- an inverter configured to.
- the capacitor includes a first capacitor connected to the power storage device side of the converter and a second capacitor connected to the inverter side of the converter. The converter consumes a part of the residual charge of the first capacitor along with the step-up operation and consumes a part of the residual charge of the second capacitor along with the step-down operation.
- control device controls the converter so as to alternately repeat the step-up operation and the step-down operation in response to detection of a vehicle collision by the collision detection unit.
- a method for controlling a power converter is a method for controlling a power converter mounted on a vehicle, wherein the vehicle detects a collision between a power storage device that supplies DC power to the power converter and a vehicle. It includes a collision detection unit and a relay configured to be able to supply and cut off DC power from the power storage device to the power conversion device, and to be cut off when a collision of the vehicle is detected by the collision detection unit.
- the power conversion device includes a capacitor, a power conversion unit having a switching element and configured to convert power supplied from the power storage device via a relay, and gate drive for driving the gate of the switching element. Part.
- the method for controlling the power converter includes a step of determining whether or not a vehicle collision has occurred, and according to the occurrence of the vehicle collision, the switching loss of the switching element is increased and the residual charge of the capacitor is consumed. And a step of controlling the gate driver.
- the present invention in the vehicle power conversion device, it is possible to quickly discharge the residual charge accumulated in the smoothing capacitor in the power conversion device when the vehicle collides.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to a first embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the voltage and current of a semiconductor switching element when the gate voltage of a semiconductor switching element is changed.
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining residual charge discharge control in the first embodiment.
- 4 is a flowchart for illustrating a residual charge discharge control process performed by an ECU in the first embodiment. 4 is a flowchart for illustrating a residual charge discharge control process performed by a gate drive unit in the first embodiment. It is a time chart for demonstrating the change of the voltage and electric current of a semiconductor switching element, and switching loss at the time of changing the resistance value of gate resistance.
- FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram for explaining residual charge discharge control in the second embodiment.
- 6 is a flowchart for illustrating a residual charge discharge control process performed by an ECU in the second embodiment. 6 is a flowchart for illustrating a residual charge discharge control process performed by a gate drive unit in the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the resistance switching circuit with which a gate drive part is equipped.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle 100 according to the first embodiment.
- a hybrid vehicle equipped with an engine and a motor generator will be described as an example of vehicle 100.
- the configuration of vehicle 100 is not limited to this, and the vehicle can travel with electric power from a power storage device. If so, it is applicable.
- the vehicle 100 includes, for example, an electric vehicle and a fuel cell vehicle in addition to the hybrid vehicle. Moreover, even if it cannot drive
- vehicle 100 includes power storage device 150, power conversion device (hereinafter also referred to as PCU “Power Control Unit”) 200, motor generators MG ⁇ b> 1 and MG ⁇ b> 2, power split mechanism 250, and engine 220.
- Power Control Unit power conversion device
- motor generators MG ⁇ b> 1 and MG ⁇ b> 2 and engine 220 power split mechanism 250
- engine 220 Drive wheel 260, collision detection unit 210, system main relay 190, auxiliary machine 130, and HV-ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 350.
- PCU Power Control Unit
- the power storage device 150 is a power storage element configured to be chargeable / dischargeable.
- Power storage device 150 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydride battery or a lead storage battery, and a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor.
- the power storage device 150 is connected to the PCU 200 via the system main relay 190 by the power line PL1 and the ground line NL1. Power storage device 150 supplies DCU to PCU 200 for driving motor generators MG1 and MG2. Power storage device 150 stores the electric power generated by motor generators MG1 and MG2 supplied via PCU 200.
- the voltage of power supplied from power storage device 150 is, for example, about 200V.
- System main relay 190 includes relays SMR1 and SMR2. Relays SMR1 and SMR2 are inserted in the middle of power supply line PL1 and ground line NL1, respectively. System main relay 190 is controlled by HV-ECU 350 to switch between power supply from power storage device 150 to PCU 200 and cutoff.
- the collision detection unit 210 includes a sensor (not shown) (for example, a G sensor), and detects whether the vehicle 100 has collided. Then, collision detection unit 210 outputs a collision signal COL as a detection result to HV-ECU 350 and MG-ECU 300.
- a sensor for example, a G sensor
- the HV-ECU 350 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an input / output buffer, and controls each device of the vehicle 100. Note that these controls are not limited to software processing, and can be constructed and processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- the HV-ECU 350 receives the collision signal COL of the vehicle 100 from the collision detection unit 210.
- HV-ECU 350 generates relay control command SE and controls relays SMR1 and SMR2 of system main relay 190. Specifically, when relay control command SE is set to ON, the contacts of relays SMR1 and SMR2 are closed, and power is supplied from power storage device 150 to PCU 200. On the other hand, when relay control command SE is set to OFF, contacts of relays SMR1 and SMR2 are opened, and power from power storage device 150 to PCU 200 is cut off.
- HV-ECU 350 controls relays SMR1 and SMR2 so that power from power storage device 150 to PCU 200 is cut off when a collision of vehicle 100 is detected by collision signal COL.
- HV-ECU 350 also outputs relay control command SE to MG-ECU 300 to notify the control state of relays SMR1 and SMR2.
- auxiliary machine 130 is connected in parallel to PCU 200 to power supply line PL1 and ground line NL1.
- auxiliary machine 130 includes a DC / DC converter for driving equipment having a lower voltage (for example, 14V) than the voltage of power supplied from power storage device 150, an air conditioner that air-conditions the interior of the vehicle, and the like. It is.
- PCU 200 converts DC power from power storage device 150 into AC power and supplies it to motor generators MG1 and MG2. PCU 200 also converts AC power generated by motor generators MG1 and MG2 into DC power to charge power storage device 150.
- Motor generators MG1 and MG2 receive AC power supplied from PCU 200 and generate a rotational driving force for vehicle propulsion. Motor generators MG1 and MG2 receive rotational force from the outside, generate AC power according to a regenerative torque command from MG-ECU 300, and generate regenerative braking force in vehicle 100.
- Motor generators MG1 and MG2 are also coupled to engine 220 via power split mechanism 250. Then, the driving force generated by engine 220 and the driving force generated by motor generators MG1, MG2 are controlled to have an optimal ratio. Alternatively, either one of motor generators MG1 and MG2 may function exclusively as an electric motor, and the other motor generator may function exclusively as a generator. In the first embodiment, motor generator MG1 is caused to function as a generator driven by engine 220, and motor generator MG2 is assumed to function as an electric motor that drives drive wheels 260.
- the power split mechanism 250 uses a planetary gear mechanism (planetary gear) in order to distribute the power of the engine 220 to both the drive wheels 260 and the motor generator MG1.
- planetary gear planetary gear
- PCU 200 includes a power converter 115, smoothing capacitors C1 and C2, voltage sensors 170 and 180, MG-ECU 300, and a gate driver 240.
- Power conversion unit 115 includes a converter 110 and an inverter 120.
- Inverter 120 includes an inverter 121 for driving motor generator MG1 and an inverter 122 for driving motor generator MG2.
- Converter 110 includes a reactor L1 having one end connected to power supply line PL1, semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2 connected in series between power supply line HPL and ground line NL1, and parallel to semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2, respectively. It includes diodes D1 and D2 to be connected.
- the semiconductor switching element an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), a bipolar transistor, a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor), or a GTO (Gate Turn Off Thyristor) is typically used.
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- GTO Gate Turn Off Thyristor
- the other end of the reactor L1 is connected to the emitter of the semiconductor switching element Q1 and the collector of the semiconductor switching element Q2.
- the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q1, and the anode of diode D1 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q1.
- the cathode of diode D2 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q2, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q2.
- the semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2 are controlled to be turned on or off by a gate signal VGC from the gate driver 240.
- Inverter 121 receives the boosted voltage from converter 110, and drives motor generator MG1 to start engine 220, for example. Inverter 121 also outputs regenerative power generated by motor generator MG ⁇ b> 1 by mechanical power transmitted from engine 220 to converter 110. At this time, converter 110 is controlled by MG-ECU 300 to operate as a step-down circuit.
- the inverter 121 includes a U-phase arm 123, a V-phase arm 124, and a W-phase arm 125.
- U-phase arm 123, V-phase arm 124, and W-phase arm 125 are connected in parallel between power supply line HPL and ground line NL1.
- the U-phase arm 123 includes semiconductor switching elements Q3 and Q4 connected in series between the power supply line HPL and the ground line NL1, and diodes D3 and D4 connected in parallel with the semiconductor switching elements Q3 and Q4, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q3, and the anode of diode D3 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q3.
- the cathode of diode D4 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q4, and the anode of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q4.
- V-phase arm 124 includes semiconductor switching elements Q5 and Q6 connected in series between power supply line HPL and ground line NL1, and diodes D5 and D6 connected in parallel with semiconductor switching elements Q5 and Q6, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q5, and the anode of diode D5 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q5.
- the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q6, and the anode of diode D6 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q6.
- W-phase arm 125 includes semiconductor switching elements Q7 and Q8 connected in series between power supply line HPL and ground line NL1, and diodes D7 and D8 connected in parallel with semiconductor switching elements Q7 and Q8, respectively.
- the cathode of diode D7 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q7, and the anode of diode D7 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q7.
- the cathode of diode D8 is connected to the collector of semiconductor switching element Q8, and the anode of diode D8 is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element Q8.
- the motor generator MG1 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor generator including a rotor in which a permanent magnet is embedded and a stator having a three-phase coil Y-connected at a neutral point, and includes three U, V, and W phases.
- the coils are each connected at one end to a neutral point.
- the other end of the U-phase coil is connected to the connection node of semiconductor switching elements Q3 and Q4.
- the other end of the V-phase coil is connected to a connection node of semiconductor switching elements Q5 and Q6.
- the other end of the W-phase coil is connected to a connection node of semiconductor switching elements Q7 and Q8.
- the inverter 121 converts the DC power supplied from the converter 110 into desired AC power by turning on or off the semiconductor switching elements Q3 to Q8 according to the gate signal VGI1 from the gate driving unit 240.
- the inverter 122 is connected to the converter 110 in parallel with the inverter 121.
- the inverter 122 converts the DC voltage output from the converter 110 into a three-phase AC and outputs it to the motor generator MG2 that drives the driving wheel 260. Inverter 122 also outputs regenerative power generated by motor generator MG2 to converter 110 along with regenerative braking. At this time, converter 110 is controlled by MG-ECU 300 to operate as a step-down circuit. Although the internal configuration of inverter 122 is not shown, it is similar to inverter 121, and detailed description will not be repeated.
- the smoothing capacitor C1 is connected between the power supply line PL1 and the ground line NL1, and absorbs a ripple voltage when the semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2 are switched.
- Smoothing capacitor C2 is connected between power supply line HPL and ground line NL1, and absorbs a ripple voltage generated during switching by converter 110 and inverter 120.
- converter 110 consumes the residual charge of smoothing capacitor C1 by the boosting operation, and consumes the residual charge of smoothing capacitor C2 by the step-down operation.
- the voltage sensor 170 detects the voltage VL between both ends of the smoothing capacitor C1, and outputs the detected voltage VL to the MG-ECU 300.
- Voltage sensor 180 detects voltage VH across smoothing capacitor C2, that is, output voltage of converter 110 (corresponding to the input voltage of inverter 120), and outputs the detected voltage VH to MG-ECU 300. To do.
- Gate drive unit 240 outputs gate drive signals VGC, VGI1, and VGI2 of the semiconductor switching element to converter 110 and inverters 121 and 122, respectively, in accordance with control signal PWC and control signals PWI1 and PWI2 from MG-ECU 300.
- the gate drive unit 240 switches the gate voltage and gate resistance of the gate drive signals VGC, VGI1, and VGI2 when the vehicle 100 collides.
- MG-ECU 300 includes a CPU, a storage device, and an input / output buffer (not shown), and controls gate drive unit 240 in PCU 200. Note that these controls are not limited to software processing, and can be constructed and processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- MG-ECU 300 receives input of voltages VL and VH of smoothing capacitor C1 and smoothing capacitor C2 from voltage sensors 170 and 180, respectively. In addition, MG-ECU 300 receives a collision signal COL of vehicle 100 from collision detection unit 210. Further, MG-ECU 300 receives an input of relay control command SE from HV-ECU 350.
- MG-ECU 300 causes converter 110 to perform a step-up operation or a step-down operation by controlling gate drive unit 240 using control signal PWC to drive semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2 of converter 110.
- MG-ECU 300 converts the DC power supplied from converter 110 into AC power by inverter 120 by controlling gate drive unit 240 by driving control signals PWI1 and PWI2 to drive the semiconductor switching element of inverter 120. .
- MG-ECU 300 detects a collision of vehicle 100 based on collision signal COL from collision detection unit 210 and detects that electrical storage device 150 and PCU 200 are electrically disconnected based on relay control command SE In this case, the residual charge stored in the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 is consumed by controlling at least one of the converter 110 and the inverter 120.
- the power conversion unit 115 such as the converter 110 or the inverter 120
- a switching loss due to switching of the semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 and a conduction loss due to a current flowing through the reactor L1 occur. Therefore, when the vehicle 100 collides, the converter 110 is driven so as to repeat the step-up operation and the step-down operation, or the motor generators MG1, MG2 are driven by the inverter 120, whereby the residual charges of the smoothing capacitors C1, C2 Can be consumed.
- inverter 120 When driving inverter 120, it is assumed that inverter 120 and motor generator MG1 or MG2 are not disconnected.
- driving inverter 120 for example, control is performed so that only the field current components (d-axis current) of motor generators MG1 and MG2 are supplied, so that motor generators MG1 and MG2 are not rotated. Electric power due to electric charge can be consumed.
- the motor generator When the driving force for propelling the vehicle is generated by the electric power from the power storage device as in an electric vehicle, the motor generator must have a relatively high output.
- high-voltage and large-capacity capacitors may be mounted on power converters including inverters and converters for controlling motor generators.
- gate drive unit 240 sets gate voltages of gate signals VGC, VGI1, and VGI2 that drive semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 included in power conversion unit 115. After the change, residual charge discharge control for driving the power converter 115 is performed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the voltage and current of the semiconductor switching element when the gate voltage of the semiconductor switching element is changed.
- the vertical axis and the horizontal axis represent the collector current Ic flowing through the semiconductor switching element and the collector-emitter voltage Vce of the semiconductor switching element, respectively.
- Curves W1 to W3 represent the relationship between the collector current Ic and the collector-emitter voltage Vce when the gate voltages are different.
- a curve W1 is a case where the gate voltage is set to be large, and the gate voltage is set to be small as the curves W2 and W3 are obtained.
- the gate voltages of the curves W1 to W3 are VG1, VG2 and VG3, respectively, VG1> VG2> VG3.
- the collector current Ic increases as the collector-emitter voltage Vce increases. At this time, the power obtained by multiplying the collector-emitter voltage Vce and the collector current Ic is consumed as a switching loss by the semiconductor switching element.
- the gate voltage is set large in order to reduce the loss caused by the semiconductor switching element and improve the fuel consumption. Therefore, when the vehicle collides, the switching loss can be increased by setting the gate voltage to be lowered and driving the inverter or converter, so that the residual charge of the smoothing capacitor can be discharged quickly.
- the gate voltage by reducing the gate voltage, the power required to drive the semiconductor switching element is reduced. For this reason, the power consumption by the gate drive unit 240 is reduced, and thus the output power of the battery is reduced due to, for example, a battery that supplies drive power to the gate drive unit 240 due to a collision of the vehicle 100.
- the semiconductor switching element can be continuously driven for a long time. As a result, the residual charge stored in the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 can be consumed more.
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining the residual charge discharge control in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4 and 5 described later the case where the residual charge is discharged by performing the step-up operation and the step-down operation by converter 110 will be described. However, the residual charge is discharged by driving inverter 120. May be.
- MG-ECU 300 includes a collision determination unit 310, a relay release determination unit 320, and a converter control unit 330.
- the gate driving unit 240 includes a driving voltage changing unit 241 and a gate command output unit 242.
- the collision determination unit 310 receives the collision signal COL from the collision detection unit 210. Then, the collision determination unit 310 determines whether or not a collision of the vehicle 100 has occurred based on the collision signal COL, and outputs a collision flag CLF as a result to the relay release determination unit 320. Specifically, the collision determination unit 310 sets the collision flag CLF on when it is determined that a collision has occurred, and sets the collision flag CLF as off when it is determined that no collision has occurred.
- the relay release determination unit 320 receives a relay control command SE from the HV-ECU 350. Relay release determination unit 320 also receives an input of collision flag CLF from collision determination unit 310.
- release determination part 320 determines whether residual charge discharge control is started based on these signals. Specifically, when the collision flag CLF is on and the relay control command SE is off, that is, when the collision of the vehicle 100 occurs and the power storage device 150 and the PCU 200 are electrically disconnected, the residual A discharge control command DSC is output to the converter control unit 330 so as to start the charge discharge control.
- Converter control unit 330 receives discharge control command DSC from relay open determination unit 320 and voltage detection value VL of smoothing capacitor C1 from voltage sensor 170. When converter control unit 330 receives an input of discharge control command DSC from relay open determination unit 320, converter control unit 330 turns on voltage change flag VFLG to lower the setting of gate voltage VG of semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2. It is set and output to the drive voltage changing unit 241 of the gate drive unit 240.
- converter control unit 330 alternately repeats the step-up operation and the step-down operation by converter 110 until voltage detection value VL of smoothing capacitor C1 becomes smaller than a predetermined target discharge voltage Vth, so that semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2 and Reactor L1 generates control signal PWC and outputs it to gate command output unit 242 of gate drive unit 240 so as to consume residual charges in smoothing capacitors C1 and C2.
- the determination of the discharge state of the residual charge may be made based on the voltage detection value VH of the smoothing capacitor C2 instead of the voltage detection value VL of the smoothing capacitor C1.
- the drive voltage changing unit 241 receives an input of the voltage change flag VFLG from the converter control unit 330 of the MG-ECU 300.
- the drive voltage change unit 241 sets V10 as the gate voltage.
- the drive voltage change unit 241 uses a voltage V20 (V10>) lower than the normal voltage as the gate voltage. V20). Then, the drive voltage changing unit 241 outputs the set gate voltage set value VG to the gate command output unit 242.
- the gate command output unit 242 receives the gate voltage set value VG from the drive voltage change unit 241 and the control signal PWC from the converter control unit 330 of the MG-ECU 300. Then, the gate command output unit 242 sets the gate voltage to the gate voltage set value VG, and outputs the gate signal VGC to the semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2 according to the control signal PWC. As a result, the gate command output unit 242 drives the converter 110.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for illustrating the residual charge discharge control process performed by MG-ECU 300 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the residual charge discharge control process performed by gate drive unit 240 in the first embodiment.
- the processing shown in the flowcharts of FIGS. 4 and 5 is realized by a program stored in advance in the MG-ECU 300 or the gate driving unit 240 being called from the main routine and executed in a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, for some steps, it is also possible to construct dedicated hardware (electronic circuit) and realize processing.
- step 400 determines whether or not vehicle 100 has collided in step (hereinafter, step is abbreviated as S) 400 by collision signal COL from collision detection unit 210.
- the collision determination unit 310 makes the determination.
- MG-ECU 300 then proceeds to S410, and power storage device 150 and PCU 200 are electrically disconnected by relay control command SE from HV-ECU 350.
- the relay release determination unit 320 determines whether or not they are separated.
- MG-ECU 300 discharges smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 in S420. Is performed in a short time, the voltage change flag VFLG is set to ON so as to reduce the gate voltage of the semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2.
- MG-ECU 300 outputs voltage change flag VFLG set in S420 to gate drive unit 240 and also outputs control signal PWC for driving converter 110 to gate drive unit 240.
- the converter 110 executes discharge control of residual charges of the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2.
- MG-ECU 300 determines whether or not voltage VL of smoothing capacitor C1 is smaller than target discharge voltage Vth.
- MG-ECU 300 stops control signal PWC to converter 110 in S450 and ends the discharge control. Thereafter, the process is returned to the main routine.
- the process proceeds to S421.
- the MG-ECU 300 sets the voltage change flag VFLG to OFF in order to set the gate voltage of the semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2 to the initial value used during normal driving. Then, the process proceeds to S431, and MG-ECU 300 outputs set voltage change flag VFLG to gate drive unit 240 and also outputs control signal PWC of converter 110 to gate drive unit 240. Thereafter, the process is returned to the main routine.
- gate drive unit 240 determines whether or not the gate voltage needs to be changed based on voltage change flag VFLG from MG-ECU 300. Judge with.
- the gate drive unit 240 sets the gate voltage VG to the default value V10 in S511.
- the default value V10 is a gate voltage value used during normal driving, and in this case, the switching loss of the semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2 is set to be small.
- the gate drive unit 240 sets the gate voltage VG to V20, which is a value smaller than the default value V10, in S510 (V10> V20).
- V10> V20 the switching loss of the semiconductor switching elements Q ⁇ b> 1 and Q ⁇ b> 2 increases compared to the case of normal traveling.
- the gate drive unit 240 sets the gate signal VGC in accordance with the control signal PWC from the MG-ECU 300 to the gate voltage VG set in S510 or S511, and applies it to the semiconductor switching elements Q1 and Q2. Output.
- Embodiment 1 in vehicle power conversion device 200, when a collision of vehicle 100 is detected, the gate for driving semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 included in power conversion device 200 The voltage of the signal is lowered, and the residual charges stored in the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 are discharged. With such a configuration, the switching loss when the semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 are turned on or off during discharge in the power conversion device 200 increases, so that the discharge of the residual charge is completed in a shorter time. be able to. Furthermore, since the drive power of the semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 can be reduced by reducing the voltage VG of the gate signal, the discharge operation by the power conversion device 200 can be continued for a longer time.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart for explaining changes in voltage and current of the semiconductor switching element and switching loss when the resistance value of the gate resistance is changed.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the collector-emitter voltage Vce of the semiconductor switching element, the collector current Ic flowing through the semiconductor switching element, and the switching loss of the semiconductor switching element at that time.
- curves W30, W40, and W50 indicated by solid lines represent cases where the gate resistance is small
- curves W31, W41, and W51 indicated by broken lines represent cases where the gate resistance is large. ing.
- semiconductor switching element Q1 of converter 110 will be described as an example.
- semiconductor switching element Q1 is in an on state, and collector-emitter voltage Vce is 0V.
- the collector current Ic flowing through the semiconductor switching element Q1 decreases and the collector-emitter voltage Vce increases.
- the resistance value of the gate resistance is small, the potential of the gate quickly decreases and the semiconductor switching element Q1 is turned off in a short time, so that the collector current Ic decreases in a short time (W40 in FIG. 6).
- the collector-emitter voltage Vce increases, but due to a rapid current change, the collector-emitter voltage Vce is proportional to the current change, such as W30 in FIG. A surge voltage is generated due to wiring inductance.
- control is performed so that a large current flows through the semiconductor switching element in order to consume the residual charge in a short period of time. Is done. Therefore, in such a case, the surge voltage is further increased, so that the semiconductor switching element may be damaged by the surge voltage.
- switching loss can be increased while reducing or preventing damage to the semiconductor switching element due to surge voltage by switching with increasing gate resistance.
- FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram for explaining residual charge discharge control in the second embodiment.
- the gate drive unit 240 in FIG. 3 is a gate drive unit 240A
- the MG-ECU 300 is an MG-ECU 300A.
- FIG. 7 the description of the same part as in FIG. 3 will not be repeated.
- the residual charge may be discharged by inverter 120 as in the description of the first embodiment.
- MG-ECU 300A includes a collision determination unit 310, a relay release determination unit 320, and a converter control unit 330A.
- the gate drive unit 240A includes a gate command output unit 242 and a resistance change unit 243.
- Resistance change unit 243 includes gate resistors RG10 and RG20 (RG10 ⁇ RG20) and a switch 244.
- converter control unit 330A When MG-ECU 300A detects collision of vehicle 100 by collision determination unit 310 and further detects that SMR1 and SMR2 are released by relay release determination unit 320, converter control unit 330A outputs resistance switching signal RSW. It is set to ON and output to the resistance changing unit 243 of the gate driving unit 240A.
- the resistance changing unit 243 sets the switch 244 to a high resistance RG20. Switch to.
- the resistance changing unit 243 selects the low-resistance RG10 that is used during normal operation.
- the gate command output unit 242 controls the converter 110 by outputting the gate signal VGC to the semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2 via the resistance changing unit 243 in accordance with the control signal PWC from the converter control unit 330A.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the residual charge discharge control process performed by MG-ECU 300A in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a residual charge discharge control process performed by gate drive unit 240A in the second embodiment.
- the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are realized by a program stored in advance in MG-ECU 300A or gate drive unit 240A being called from the main routine and executed in a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, for some steps, it is also possible to construct dedicated hardware (electronic circuit) and realize processing.
- FIG. 8 is obtained by replacing steps S420, S421, S430, and S431 with S425, S426, S435, and S436, respectively, in the flowchart shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the description of the same part as in FIG. 4 will not be repeated.
- MG-ECU 300A performs the process. Proceeding to S426, the resistance switching signal RSW is set to OFF.
- MG-ECU 300A outputs resistance switching signal RSW to resistance changing unit 243 of gate driving unit 240A and outputs control signal PWC to gate command output unit 242 to control converter 110. Thereafter, the process is returned to the main routine.
- gate drive unit 240A determines in S505 whether or not to switch the gate resistance to a high resistance based on resistance switching signal RSW from converter control unit 330A of MG-ECU 300A. To do.
- the gate drive unit 240A proceeds to S515 to select the high resistance RG20. 244 is controlled.
- the gate drive unit 240A proceeds to S516 and selects the low resistance RG10.
- the switch 244 is controlled to do so.
- the gate driving unit 240A drives the semiconductor switching elements Q1, Q2 by the gate signal VGC in accordance with the control signal PWC from the converter control unit 330A.
- the resistance value of the gate resistor that drives the semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q8 included in the power conversion device 200 Is set large, and the residual charges stored in the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 are discharged.
- the driving power of the semiconductor switching element may be reduced by further applying the first embodiment and setting the gate voltage VG to be lowered.
- a resistance switching circuit corresponding to the resistance changing unit 243 in FIG. 7 is provided as a standard for soft interruption for preventing surge voltage. Therefore, the configuration of the second embodiment can be realized without any additional parts by using a gate drive unit that includes such a resistance switching circuit as a standard.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a resistance switching circuit provided in the gate driving unit.
- gate drive unit 240B includes a gate command output unit 241 and a resistance switching circuit 243 #.
- the resistance switching circuit 243 # includes a switch 244 # and resistors RGON, RGOFF1, RGOFF2, and R10.
- Resistors RGON, RGOFF1, and RGOFF2 are connected at one end to each other and connected at the other end to switch 244 #.
- Resistor R10 has one end connected to a connection node of resistors RGON, RGOFF1, and RGOFF2, and the other end connected to the gate of semiconductor switching element Q1 or Q2 (FIG. 7).
- the switch 244 # is controlled to select the resistor RGON at the time of turn-on, and to select the low-resistance resistor RGOFF1 at the time of normal turn-off (when there is no abnormality).
- the switch 244 # performs a soft shut-off of the semiconductor switching element at the time of turn-off when an abnormality such as a temperature rise or overcurrent of the semiconductor switching element or a decrease in the power supply voltage of the gate driving unit 240B is detected by a sensor (not shown). In order to do so, control is performed such that the high-resistance resistor RGOFF2 is selected.
- the smoothing capacitors C1 and C2 in the present embodiment are examples of the “first capacitor” and the “second capacitor” in the present invention, respectively.
- the MG-ECUs 300 and 300A in the present embodiment are examples of the “control device” of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に従う、車両100の全体ブロック図である。実施の形態1においては、車両100としてエンジンおよびモータジェネレータを搭載したハイブリッド車両を例として説明するが、車両100の構成はこれに限定されるものではなく、蓄電装置からの電力によって走行可能な車両であれば適用可能である。車両100としては、ハイブリッド車両以外にたとえば電気自動車や燃料電池自動車などが含まれる。また、蓄電装置からの電力によって走行可能でなくとも、電力変換装置を備える車両においても適用可能である。
実施の形態1では、車両100の衝突が発生した場合に、半導体スイッチング素子Q1~Q8を駆動するゲート信号の電圧VGを低下するように設定することによって、半導体スイッチング素子Q1~Q8のスイッチング損失を増加させる手法について説明した。
図10を参照して、ゲート駆動部240Bは、ゲート指令出力部241と、抵抗切替回路243#とを含む。また、抵抗切替回路243#は、切替器244#と、抵抗RGON,RGOFF1,RGOFF2,R10を含む。
Claims (15)
- 車両(100)に搭載された電力変換装置(200)であって、
前記車両(100)は、
前記電力変換装置(200)へ直流電力を供給する蓄電装置(150)と、
前記車両(100)の衝突を検出するための衝突検出部(210)と、
前記蓄電装置(150)から前記電力変換装置(200)への直流電力の供給および遮断の切替えが可能に構成され、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたときに遮断されるリレー(190)とを含み、
前記電力変換装置(200)は、
コンデンサ(C1,C2)と、
スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)を含み、前記蓄電装置(150)から前記リレー(190)を介して供給される電力を変換するように構成された電力変換部(115)と、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲートを駆動するためのゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)と、
前記コンデンサ(C1,C2)の残留電荷を消費するように、前記ゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)を制御するための制御装置(300,300A)とを備え、
前記制御装置(300,300A)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のスイッチング損失を増加させるように前記ゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)を制御する、電力変換装置。 - 前記ゲート駆動部(240)は、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲート駆動電圧が変更できるように構成された駆動電圧変更部(241)を含み、
前記駆動電圧変更部(241)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記ゲート駆動電圧を低下させる、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記ゲート駆動部(240A,240B)は、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲート抵抗(RG10,RG20,RGOFF1,RGOFF2)の抵抗値が変更できるように構成された抵抗変更部(243,243#)を含み、
前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記ゲート抵抗(RG10,RG20,RGOFF1,RGOFF2)の抵抗値を増加させる、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、
第1のゲート抵抗(RG10,RGOFF1)と、
前記第1のゲート抵抗(RG10,RGOFF1)よりも抵抗値が大きい第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)とを有し、
前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記第1のゲート抵抗(RG10,RGOFF1)から前記第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)へゲート抵抗の選択を切替える、請求の範囲第3項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)は、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)の異常発生時に、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)を緩やかに停止させるための前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)保護用の抵抗である、請求の範囲第4項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記電力変換部(115)は、
前記蓄電装置(150)から供給される直流電力の電圧変換を行なうように構成され、昇圧動作および降圧動作の双方が可能であるコンバータ(110)と、
前記コンバータ(110)からの直流電力を交流電力に変換するように構成されたインバータ(120)とを含み、
前記コンデンサ(C1,C2)は、
前記コンバータ(110)の前記蓄電装置(150)側に接続された第1のコンデンサ(C1)と、
前記コンバータ(110)の前記インバータ(120)側に接続された第2のコンデンサ(C2)とを含み、
前記コンバータ(110)は、前記昇圧動作に伴って前記第1のコンデンサ(C1)の残留電荷の一部を消費するとともに、前記降圧動作に伴って前記第2のコンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷の一部を消費する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御装置(300,300A)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記昇圧動作および前記降圧動作を交互に繰り返すように、前記コンバータ(110)を制御する、請求の範囲第6項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 車両(100)であって、
電力変換装置(200)と、
前記電力変換装置(200)へ直流電力を供給する蓄電装置(150)と、
前記車両(100)の衝突を検出するための衝突検出部(210)と、
前記蓄電装置(150)から前記電力変換装置(200)への直流電力の供給および遮断の切替えが可能に構成され、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたときに遮断されるリレー(190)とを備え、
前記電力変換装置(200)は、
コンデンサ(C1,C2)と、
スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)を有し、前記蓄電装置(150)から前記リレー(190)を介して供給される電力を変換するように構成された電力変換部(115)と、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲートを駆動するためのゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)と、
前記コンデンサ(C1,C2)の残留電荷を消費するように、前記ゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)を制御するための制御装置(300,300A)とを含み、
前記制御装置(300,300A)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のスイッチング損失を増加させるように前記ゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)を制御する、車両。 - 前記ゲート駆動部(240)は、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲート駆動電圧が変更できるように構成された駆動電圧変更部(241)を含み、
前記駆動電圧変更部(241)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記ゲート駆動電圧を低下させる、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。 - 前記ゲート駆動部(240A,240B)は、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲート抵抗(RG10,RG20,RGOFF1,RGOFF2)が変更できるように構成された抵抗変更部(243,243#)を含み、
前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記ゲート抵抗(RG10,RG20,RGOFF1,RGOFF2)の抵抗値を増加させる、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。 - 前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、
第1のゲート抵抗(RG10,RGOFF1)と、
前記第1のゲート抵抗よりも抵抗値が大きい第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)とを有し、
前記抵抗変更部(243,243#)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記第1のゲート抵抗(RG10,RGOFF1)から前記第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)へゲート抵抗の選択を切替える、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両。 - 前記第2のゲート抵抗(RG20,RGOFF2)は、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)の異常発生時に、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)を緩やかに停止させるための前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)保護用の抵抗である、請求の範囲第11項に記載の車両。
- 前記電力変換部(115)は、
前記蓄電装置(150)から供給される直流電力の電圧変換を行なうように構成され、昇圧動作および降圧動作の双方が可能であるコンバータ(110)と、
前記コンバータ(110)からの直流電力を交流電力に変換するように構成されたインバータ(120)とを含み、
前記コンデンサ(C1,C2)は、
前記コンバータ(110)の前記蓄電装置(150)側に接続された第1のコンデンサ(C1)と、
前記コンバータ(110)の前記インバータ(120)側に接続された第2のコンデンサ(C2)とを含み、
前記コンバータ(110)は、前記昇圧動作に伴って前記第1のコンデンサ(C1)の残留電荷の一部を消費するとともに、前記降圧動作に伴って前記第2のコンデンサ(C2)の残留電荷の一部を消費する、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。 - 前記制御装置(300,300A)は、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたことに応じて、前記昇圧動作および前記降圧動作を交互に繰り返すように、前記コンバータ(110)を制御する、請求の範囲第13項に記載の車両。
- 車両(100)に搭載された電力変換装置(200)の制御方法であって、
前記車両(100)は、
前記電力変換装置(200)へ直流電力を供給する蓄電装置(150)と、
前記車両(100)の衝突を検出するための衝突検出部(210)と、
前記蓄電装置(150)から前記電力変換装置(200)への直流電力の供給および遮断の切替えが可能に構成され、前記衝突検出部(210)によって前記車両(100)の衝突が検出されたときに遮断されるリレー(190)とを含み、
前記電力変換装置(200)は、
コンデンサ(C1,C2)と、
スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)を有し、前記蓄電装置(150)から前記リレー(190)を介して供給される電力を変換するように構成された電力変換部(115)と、
前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のゲートを駆動するためのゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)とを含み、
前記制御方法は、
前記車両(100)の衝突が発生したか否かを判定するステップと、
前記車両(100)の衝突が発生したことに応じて、前記スイッチング素子(Q1~Q8)のスイッチング損失を増加させて、前記コンデンサ(C1,C2)の残留電荷を消費するように、前記ゲート駆動部(240,240A,240B)を制御するステップとを備える、電力変換装置の制御方法。
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JP2018046633A (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 新電元工業株式会社 | 平滑コンデンサ放電制御装置 |
JP2023013955A (ja) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-26 | 富士電機株式会社 | 制御装置、モータ駆動装置及びモータ駆動システム |
JP7424407B2 (ja) | 2021-07-15 | 2024-01-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | 制御装置、モータ駆動装置及びモータ駆動システム |
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JP4957870B2 (ja) | 2012-06-20 |
US20120039100A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
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