WO2005095300A1 - コンクリート組成物とその製造方法、粘性調整方法、及び、このコンクリート組成物を用いた場所打ちコンクリート杭の構築方法 - Google Patents
コンクリート組成物とその製造方法、粘性調整方法、及び、このコンクリート組成物を用いた場所打ちコンクリート杭の構築方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005095300A1 WO2005095300A1 PCT/JP2005/005771 JP2005005771W WO2005095300A1 WO 2005095300 A1 WO2005095300 A1 WO 2005095300A1 JP 2005005771 W JP2005005771 W JP 2005005771W WO 2005095300 A1 WO2005095300 A1 WO 2005095300A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/44—Thickening, gelling or viscosity increasing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00129—Extrudable mixtures
Definitions
- the present invention provides a concrete composition having excellent early strength, fluidity, and material separation resistance, and also having excellent water resistance and cell leveling properties, a method for producing the same, a method for adjusting the viscosity thereof, and The present invention relates to a method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile using the concrete composition.
- the excavation translation method uses a main cutter 32 provided in front of a skin plate 31 of a shield machine 30, as shown in FIG. While assembling the inner formwork 33, 33, ... at the rear, a pressure jack 35 is inserted between the ground 40 and the above-mentioned inner formwork 33 via the spike form 34 in parallel with the excavation.
- the concrete is poured while the compressive force is reduced, and the covering concrete 36 is built in close contact with the ground 40, and the concrete used in the above method requires early strength after casting.
- the ground 40 is a spring formation, water resistance to groundwater is required (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the concrete has the required short-term strength (early strength) and The concrete is required to be water-resistant to satisfy the target strength by casting.
- the above concrete is pumped from a concrete pump (not shown) to a concrete casting pipe 38 through a pipe of about 3 inches in diameter. Therefore, it is necessary to have excellent fluidity, resistance to material separation, and pumpability.
- concrete used in the above-mentioned construction methods includes, for example, high-fluidity concrete. Concrete and underwater non-separable concrete.
- High-fluidity concrete is concrete with excellent early-strength, fluidity, and material separation resistance that can be reliably filled into formwork without compaction by vibrators.
- a concrete admixture such as a high-performance AE water reducing agent is added to increase the fluidity, and various inorganic powders and thickeners are added to improve the material separation resistance.
- underwater non-separable concrete used for construction of marine structures and underwater tunnels is based on water, non-separable admixture of cement, water, and aggregates containing cellulose-based or acrylic water-soluble polymers as a main component.
- the agent By mixing the agent, the viscosity and water resistance of the concrete are increased, and even if the concrete is directly poured into water, the material separation is small and the reliability of quality can be improved.
- permeable concrete which is used for vegetation concrete and concrete for drainage pavement, etc., which is formed by dusting coarse aggregate with a cement paste
- the adhesion to the above-mentioned coarse aggregate and uniform shape retention are achieved.
- an additive for permeable concrete for improving the properties for example, see Patent Document 2.
- the additive is an additive containing a first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and a second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), and contains the compound (A) and the compound (B).
- the combination include (1) a combination of a compound selected from amphoteric surfactants (A) and a compound (B) selected from an amphoteric surfactant, or (2) a cationic surfactant. Combination of selected compound (A) and compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds, (3) compound selected from cationic surfactant (A) and compound selected from bromine compound ( Combination with B).
- the compounding amount of the above additives is appropriately selected depending on the desired degree of viscosity and uniformity of the voids, but a preferable compounding amount is cement! /, For water-hardening powder such as blast furnace slag.
- the sum of the compound (A) and the compound (B) is 0.01 to 1% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, whereby the porosity is 20 to 30%. Highly permeable concrete including continuous voids can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-327458
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-327458
- concrete compositions used as shield concrete are excellent in early strength, fluidity, and material separation resistance as described above.
- it is required to have excellent water resistance.
- the high strength and the water resistance are characteristics that are difficult to achieve in the past, and the high fluidity concrete has excellent fluidity and material separation resistance, and a chemical admixture for concrete is appropriately selected.
- the cement can be washed out at the time of driving under ground water pressure, and sufficient function as concrete can be secured. It was difficult.
- underwater non-separable concrete is excellent in fluidity and material separation resistance in addition to water resistance.Since it has a problem with early strength, it has sufficient initial strength to bear the reaction force of the shield. There was a problem that was not obtained.
- concrete piles should be installed not only in direct-cast concrete using shield method, construction of offshore structures, underwater tunnels, etc., but also in places where there is underground water or confined groundwater. It can also be used when building.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a concrete composition having excellent early strength, fluidity, and resistance to material separation, and also having excellent water resistance and self-leveling properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the same, a method for adjusting the viscosity thereof, and a method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile using the concrete composition.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, have found that the above-mentioned water-permeable concrete, which exhibits an excellent effect of adhering to the above-mentioned aggregate and uniform shape retention, as a thickening admixture in a concrete composition.
- Incorporation of additives for heat resistance provides excellent early strength, fluidity, and resistance to material separation.
- a concrete composition excellent in water resistance which is a property contrary to the above-mentioned early strength, can be obtained, and the present invention has been accomplished.
- the invention described in claim 1 of the present application is a concrete thread and a kneaded product obtained by adding a thickening admixture to cement, water, and aggregate, and the first thickening admixture is used as the first thickening admixture.
- Compound (A) and ionic surfactant A combination of the selected compound (B), or a compound selected from cationic surfactants (A) and ionic aromatic compounds
- the additive selected from the combination of the selected compound (B) and the cationic surfactant is selected from the combination of the selected compound (A) and the compound (B) selected from the brominated compound. It is characterized by using one of the additives.
- the invention according to claim 2 is the concrete composition according to claim 1, wherein the thickening admixture is a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and an aionic aromatic compound.
- the compound (A) and the compound (B) are each used in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, based on the unit water amount, while using an admixture containing a compound (B) selected from group III compounds. In the ratio of
- the invention described in claim 3 is the concrete thread according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the ratio of water cement in the concrete thread is 30 to 60%. is there.
- the invention according to claim 4 provides the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the concrete composition further comprises a concrete admixture for cement with respect to cement. , 0.5 to 5.0% by weight.
- the invention according to claim 5 is the concrete composition according to claim 4, wherein a carboxyl group-containing polyether-based water reducing agent is used as the chemical admixture for concrete.
- the invention according to claim 6 provides the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the aggregate comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate.
- the ratio of fine aggregate which is the ratio of fine aggregate contained in the aggregate, is 30-45%. Things.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a part or all of the aggregate has a specific gravity smaller than that of the ordinary aggregate. It is characterized in that one or both of aggregate and aggregate having specific gravity larger than that of ordinary aggregate are used.
- the invention according to claim 8 is a method for producing the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second water-soluble material is used for cement, water, and aggregate. After adding and kneading the molecular compound (B), the first water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (A) is added to the kneaded material, and the mixture is kneaded again to produce the concrete composition. And
- the invention according to claim 9 is a method for adjusting the viscosity of the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the concrete composition further comprises: The viscosity of the concrete composition is adjusted by adding one or both of the water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B). And
- the initial compounding ratio of the compound (A) and the compound (B) is set to approximately 1: 1. It is characterized by.
- the invention according to claim 11 provides the concrete composition according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the viscosity of the concrete composition is lower than the viscosity at the time of production.
- the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) is added to the concrete composition.
- the invention according to claim 12 provides a method for adjusting the viscosity of a concrete composition according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the viscosity of the concrete composition at the casting site is determined at the time of production.
- the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is added to the concrete composition.
- the invention described in claim 13 is a method for adjusting the viscosity of a concrete composition according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the concrete composition is concreted.
- the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) is previously added to the concrete composition, and the force is also pumped.
- a steel bar is inserted into a hole from which the ground is excavated, and a concrete composition is pumped into the hole by passing a concrete composition through a tremy tube.
- the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used as the concrete composition.
- the invention according to claim 15 provides a method for constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to claim 14, wherein first, the concrete containing the thickening admixture is poured to a predetermined depth, It is characterized by the fact that concrete piles are constructed by mixing concrete with the above thickening admixtures. The invention's effect
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants is used as an additive to be added as a thickening admixture.
- a second water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds, such as an additive is used as an additive to be added as a thickening admixture.
- the thickening admixture is a cationic surfactant having a compound selected from the group consisting of a compound (A) and a compound selected from an anionic aromatic compound (B). If the compound (B) and the compound (B) are blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit water amount, the fluidity, the early strength, and the water resistance can be further improved.
- the concrete composition is further mixed with a chemical admixture for concrete, such as a lipoxyl group-containing polyether-based water reducing agent, having excellent compatibility with the viscosity increasing admixture, in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 with respect to cement. If it is blended in a ratio of weight%, fluidity and early strength can be surely developed.
- coarse aggregates and fine aggregates are used as the aggregates, and fine aggregates contained in the aggregates are used. If the proportion of the material is 30 to 45%, concrete composition that is excellent in early strength and water resistance and excellent in pumpability, which is suitable for shield method, especially shield direct-casting method in spring water formation Things can be manufactured.
- the aggregate has a large difference in specific gravity from ordinary aggregate, such as a lightweight aggregate having a smaller specific gravity than ordinary aggregate and a heavy aggregate having a specific gravity greater than ordinary aggregate. Even when using aggregates of different specific gravity that can be easily separated from each other, it is possible to uniformly disperse the aggregate of different specific gravity in concrete, so construct a concrete structure in which aggregate of different specific gravity is evenly dispersed. Can be.
- the second water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (B) is added to cement, water, and aggregate and kneaded, and then the first kneaded product is added to the kneaded material. Since the concrete composition is produced by adding the water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and kneading again, the concrete composition can be produced efficiently.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble Since the viscosity of the concrete composition is adjusted by adding one or both of the molecular compound (B), the concrete yarn can be easily formed without affecting the properties of the concrete composition. Further, the viscosity of the composition can be adjusted to a predetermined viscosity.
- the concrete composition of the present invention is excellent in self-leveling as well as in flowability and water resistance. Therefore, it is possible to construct a cast-in-place concrete pile using this concrete composition. In addition, muddy water at the time of concrete pouring can be greatly reduced, such as sedimentation of the perforated wall. Even if there is, a highly reliable concrete pile can be constructed.
- a concrete containing the above-mentioned thickening admixture is poured into the concrete to a predetermined depth, and then the above-mentioned thickening admixture is added, and! /! Concrete is poured and a concrete pile is constructed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a method for producing a concrete composition used in a shield direct driving method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing another method for producing the concrete composition of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for adjusting the viscosity of a concrete composition according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a construction diagram of a concrete pile by an earth drill method.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional excavation translation method.
- the concrete composition according to the best mode 1 of the present invention comprises a high-strength Portland cement, water, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate mixed with a chemical admixture for concrete, and a cationic interface admixture as a thickening admixture.
- a kneaded product was prepared by kneading a chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (B) into cement, water, and fine aggregate.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the kneaded material, and the mixture is kneaded again.
- coarse aggregate is added and kneaded to obtain a concrete composition.
- the water cement ratio (WZC) is preferably set to 30 to 60%.
- the content is preferably 30 to 60%, more preferably 30 to 40%, and particularly preferably about 35%.
- the fine aggregate is an aggregate that passes through all the 10 mm screen sieves and passes through 85 mm% or more of the 5 mm screen sieve
- the coarse aggregate is an aggregate that does not pass through 85 mm% or more through the 5 mm screen sieve.
- the power using the river sand power is also used.
- the sea sand, mountain sand, crushed stone, etc. may be used.
- first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) used in the present invention a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant is preferred, and an alkyl ammonium salt as a main component is particularly preferred. Additives are preferred.
- second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) a sulfonate having an aromatic ring is preferred, and in particular, an additive mainly containing an alkylaryl sulfonate is preferred! /,
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are selected from amphoteric surfactants such as amidopropyl betaine dodecanoate (A) and POE.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed into cement at a certain ratio, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A)
- the admixture functions as a thickener and the concrete Ability to improve the early strength and fresh retention of the composition
- the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is first added and kneaded, and then the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is mixed.
- a low molecular weight compound (A) It is important to add a low molecular weight compound (A). This is because when the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are added simultaneously, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second A water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) forms a pseudo-polymer in an inhomogeneous state, so long-term kneading is required to form the pseudo-polymer in a homogeneous state and obtain the desired properties. This is because
- bubbles may be generated at the time of kneading and the amount of air in the concrete increases, which may cause a decrease in strength and a decrease in specific gravity. .
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) were each added in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the amount of water.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed in a certain ratio (for example, in the range of 2: 5 to 5: 2).
- the thickening admixture has a thickening effect by forming the pseudo-polymer of the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B).
- Examples of the chemical admixture for concrete include polyether-based water reducing agents such as lignin-based, polycarboxylic acid-based, melamine-based, naphthalene-based, and aminosulfonic acid-based, AE water-reducing agents, and high-performance AE-reducing agents. It can be appropriately selected from commonly used concrete admixtures for concrete such as water reducing agents. Among them, a lipoxyl group-containing polyether-based water reducing agent having excellent compatibility with the thickening admixture is preferably used at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, particularly preferably, with respect to the above-mentioned high strength cement. By blending at a ratio of 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, it is possible to exhibit early strength while maintaining freshness and high fluidity.
- polyether-based water reducing agents such as lignin-based, polycarboxylic acid-based, melamine-based, naphthalene-based, and aminosulfonic acid-based,
- concrete thread and composite obtained by adding a chemical admixture for concrete and a thickening admixture to cement, water, and aggregate, and kneading the cement admixture are as follows:
- the compound (A) selected from the precipitating agents and the aromatic aromatic compound power The combined power of the selected compound (B) is used as the chemical admixture for concrete and the phase with the thickening admixture.
- a concrete composition having excellent properties and self-leveling properties can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a method for producing a concrete composition used in a shield direct-casting method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the concrete composition of the present invention comprises cement, water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
- the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) in which a chemical admixture for concrete is blended with the aggregate and a cationic surfactant is also selected as a thickening admixture, and an aromatic aromatic compound
- This method uses a thickening admixture containing the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) selected.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the kneaded product. And knead again, and finally add coarse aggregate and knead to The door composition to create made.
- the kneaded mixture is loaded on the truck agitator 3 of the transport vehicle 2, transported to the construction site B while being kneaded, unloaded, loaded into a concrete pump (not shown), and shown in FIG.
- a concrete casting pipe 38 connected to a pressure jack 35 for placing concrete is pumped to construct a covering concrete 36.
- Examples of the cement include, but are not particularly limited to, Portland cement such as limestone 'clay' iron oxide and the like, such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement, and white Portland cement.
- Portland cement such as limestone 'clay' iron oxide and the like
- ordinary Portland cement such as ordinary Portland cement
- early-strength Portland cement such as blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, etc.
- the water-cement ratio (WZC) is preferably 30 to 60%, more preferably 30 to 40%, and particularly preferably about 35%, as in the best mode 1.
- the unit water volume for obtaining the required slump is small, and it is economical. Need to be considered.
- the maximum size is too large, there are problems such as difficulty in handling concrete, easy separation of materials, and deterioration of pumpability.Therefore, the maximum size of coarse aggregate should not be too large. It needs to be considered. For example, under conditions such as pumping with 3 inch piping, the water cement ratio should be 40% or less, the maximum size of coarse aggregate should be about 13 mm, and the ratio of fine aggregate (SZa) should be set lower than before. Accordingly, it is possible to produce a concrete having high strength while securing high fluidity, pumping property and resistance to material separation.
- the fine aggregate is an aggregate that passes through all the 10 mm screen sieves and passes 85% by weight or more of the 5 mm screen sieve
- the coarse aggregate is an aggregate that does not pass 85% by weight or more through the 5 mm screen sieve.
- they can be obtained from river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, crushed stone, and the like.
- polyether-based water reducing agents such as lignin-based, polycarboxylic acid-based, melamine-based, naphthalene-based, or aminosulfonic acid-based, and AE water-reducing agents
- AE water-reducing agents A high-performance AE water reducing agent and other commonly used chemical admixtures for concrete.
- carboxyl group-containing polyethers with excellent compatibility with the above thickening admixtures is preferably added to the above-mentioned cement at a rate of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, particularly preferably at a rate of 1.0 to 5.0% by weight. Sex can be reliably expressed.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) were each added in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the unit water amount.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed into the cement at a certain ratio.
- underwater inseparable materials (admixtures) used in conventional underwater inseparable concrete Is caused by the admixture of the thickening admixture with the cement particles, causing a delay in curing.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) have a certain ratio. (For example, in the range of 2: 5 to 5: 2) into the cement, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed. Since it forms a pseudopolymer by electrically arranging and exhibits a thickening function, it does not affect the cement particles, so that the above-described hardening delay does not occur.
- the optimal mixing ratio of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) was 1: 1.
- a carboxyl group-containing polyether-based water reducing agent which is a chemical admixture for concrete, in cement, water, and fine aggregate
- a second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) Sodium alkylaryl sulfonate is added and kneaded to produce a kneaded product.
- the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A), alkylammonium salt is added to the kneaded product. And then kneading again, and finally adding coarse aggregate and kneading to produce a concrete composition.
- the concrete composition thus obtained is excellent in early strength and fluidity, and also excellent in water resistance as well as easy to work underground or underwater. Since sufficient strength and water resistance can be ensured, it has sufficient properties as a directly-cast concrete lining material for the shield method in the spring formation. In addition, because of its excellent pumping performance and resistance to material separation, it is possible to pump by 3-inch pipes in the pit.
- the above-described concrete composition is used as a direct concrete lining material in a shield method.
- the force described above is not limited to this.
- a high fluidity concrete is used.
- the present invention is also applicable to the construction of buildings that are difficult to compact with a vibrator and the construction of concrete where water is present, such as offshore structures and underground structures, where underwater inseparable concrete has been used.
- the concrete composition is fully applicable.
- a second water-soluble low-molecular compound such as sodium alkylaryl sulfonate ( B)
- cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and a chemical admixture for concrete are kneaded and mixed in a mixer 1 of a concrete plant A, and the kneaded material is mixed with a vehicle 2 for transportation.
- the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) is added at the construction site B, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed with the truck agitator 3 and then
- the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) may be added to the kneaded material, and the mixture may be further stirred at a high speed to produce the concrete composition.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) have a certain ratio (2 : 5 to 5:
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are electrically arranged and simulated. It forms a polymer and improves the early strength and water resistance of the concrete composition.
- the mixing ratio is approximately 1: 1, the bonding strength is the strongest and the viscosity is also large, so that the early strength and the water resistance are greatly improved.
- the above-mentioned early-strength water-resistant concrete composition also has a reduced viscosity at the casting site where the environmental temperature is low. If oil is mixed into the above concrete composition during pumping to the site, The first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is adsorbed on the oil, and as a result, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) The mixing ratio is incorrect! / The viscosity may decrease.
- the decrease in viscosity occurs even when the mixing ratio of the compound (A) and the compound (B) is changed.
- a different thickener is added, the properties of the concrete composition are affected, and the desired properties may not be obtained.
- the viscosity of the concrete composition is increased, if water is easily added, the ratio of the compound (A) and the compound (B) to the unit water amount changes, and the characteristics of the concrete composition are changed. There is a risk of deterioration.
- the viscosity of the early-strength water-resistant concrete composition varies depending on the blending ratio of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B). Therefore, when adjusting the viscosity of the concrete composition, if the compound (A) or the compound (B) is added to the concrete composition and the mixing ratio is adjusted, the concrete composition can be adjusted. Viscosity adjustment can be performed easily without deteriorating the characteristics of the device.
- a concrete composition was prepared by kneading the above-mentioned early-strength Portland cement, water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, a chemical admixture for concrete, and the thickening admixture. , And measure its viscosity (initial viscosity r? (0)) (Step Sl).
- Step S2 the viscosity (viscosity r?) Of the concrete composition transported to the casting site was measured (Step S2), and the measured viscosity 7? And the initial viscosity 7? (0) Then, it is determined whether or not the measured viscosity r? Is lower than the initial viscosity r? (0) (step S3).
- step S3 If the viscosity r? Is lower than the initial viscosity r? (0) (Yes in step S3), a small amount of the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the above concrete composition. And knead again (step S4). Then, it is checked whether the force has recovered the viscosity (step S5). If it has recovered, the concrete composition is poured as it is.
- the compounding ratio with the molecular compound (B) is the compounding ratio force that achieves the maximum viscosity of the above-mentioned concrete composition at the in-situ temperature.
- a small amount of the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) is added and kneaded again (step S6). When the viscosity is restored, the concrete composition is poured.
- step S8 After adding a small amount of the water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) and kneading again to lower the viscosity to the initial level, the above concrete composition is poured.
- the viscosity can be reduced by adding the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A), but the compound (A) may cause a slight generation of bubbles during kneading. Therefore, addition of the above compound (B) is more advantageous in terms of work because kneading is troublesome.
- the concrete composition may be poured as it is.
- the first concrete is pumped by the oil content of the concrete pump. Since it is assumed that the water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is adsorbed, the above-mentioned first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the concrete composition in advance, and then the concrete composition is pumped. If this is the case, the properties of the concrete composition during casting can be reliably maintained at the initial properties.
- the above viscosity adjustment method is not limited to the direct-strength concrete lining material used in the shield method and the early-strength water-resistant concrete used in the construction method. It can also be applied to concrete compositions used for concrete construction in places where water exists, such as objects and underground structures.
- Aggregate (density; 2.63 g / cm 3 ) 597 kg / m 3 is kneaded and kneaded, and the kneaded product is an additive containing an alkylammonium salt as a main component (trade name “Kao Corporation” Pisco Top 100FB ”) was added and kneaded again. Finally, 597 kg / m 3 of coarse aggregate (density: 2.56 g / cm 3 ) was added and kneaded to prepare a concrete composition. At this time, a coarse aggregate having a size of 13 mm or less was used as the coarse aggregate.
- Viscosity test Concrete is poured on a 23-degree slope and the speed is measured.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the measurement results of the compressive strength and fresh properties of the above test results
- Table 5 shows the properties of each concrete composition of the present invention with those of the conventional high fluidity concrete and underwater concrete. The result of the comparison is shown.
- the high fluid concrete used as a comparative example was prepared based on the "High fluid concrete construction guidelines” and the underwater concrete was prepared based on the "underwater non-separable concrete design and construction guidelines (draft)".
- the force described for the direct-strength concrete lining material of the shield method and the early-strength water-resistant concrete to be used is used.
- the concrete composition of the present invention has a water-resistant property as shown in the above examples.
- it since it is excellent in self-leveling property, it can be suitably used for construction of cast-in-place concrete piles.
- Fig. 4 is a construction procedure diagram of the earth drilling method. In this method, as shown in Figs. 4 (a) and (b), the ground is first ground using a ground drill 21 while pouring a stable liquid 22 such as bentonite liquid. Drill 20 to form borehole 23. Then, as shown in FIGS.
- the concrete composition is introduced into the above-mentioned excavation hole 23 through the tremee pipe 25 from a concrete pump (not shown).
- Buildings are reinforced concrete piles (concrete piles) 26.
- the tremy tube 25 is removed after the concrete pile 26 is constructed.
- the concrete when the above concrete is poured, if the self-leveling property of the concrete composition to be poured is low, the concrete may involve muddy water, earth and sand on the perforated wall. It is conceivable that the quality of the resin is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to add extra height to the specified concrete top height in consideration of safety. Above must The required depth of the extra embankment 26k generally depends on the method of construction, but it is required to be about 80cm for the earth drill method or reverse method that stabilizes the borehole wall with muddy water, and about 50cm for the all casing method. After the concrete is cast, a pile head treatment is required to cut through the extra 26k where the layance (mud layer) and muddy sediment are mixed.
- concrete when cast in place with gravel or gravel layers, concrete may be washed away by underground water or pressurized groundwater, and concrete used in such places may be cement, water, aggregate, or the like.
- concrete admixtures such as inorganic admixtures such as silica gel and bentonite and AE water reducing agents.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) similar to the above-described best modes 1 and 2 (When a concrete composition containing a thickening admixture containing B) is used, both the water resistance and self-leveling property of the concrete composition can be improved, and there are underground water and pressurized groundwater. It is thought that a reliable concrete pile can be constructed even in this case.
- concrete with the above-mentioned thickening admixture is poured into the concrete to a predetermined depth, and then concrete without the above-mentioned thickening admixture is poured to construct a concrete pile. If so, the amount of expensive concrete containing the above thickening admixture can be reduced, and material costs can be significantly reduced.
- Figs. 5 (a) to 5 (c) are diagrams showing a method of constructing a cast-in-place concrete pile according to the third best mode of the present invention.
- the ground 20 is drilled using a drilling machine such as an earth drill.
- a reinforcing bar 24 is inserted into the excavation hole 23 and concrete is poured.
- concrete with high self-leveling property and excellent water resistance hereinafter referred to as high self-leveling water-resistant concrete
- Concrete piles 12 are kneaded with concrete and aggregates to construct concrete piles 10.
- the high self-leveling water-resistant concrete is selected from cement, water, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate, in which, in addition to a chemical admixture for concrete, a cationic surfactant is also selected as a thickening admixture. It contains a water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and a second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds (B).
- a kneaded material is prepared by kneading a chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) into cement, water, and fine aggregate, and then adding the kneaded material to the kneaded material.
- the first water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (A) is added and kneaded again, and finally the coarse aggregate is mixed and kneaded to produce the concrete composition.
- the above-mentioned chemical admixture for concrete can be appropriately selected from commonly used chemical admixtures for concrete. Among them, a carboxyl group-containing admixture excellent in compatibility with the above-mentioned thickening admixture is particularly preferred.
- a carboxyl group-containing admixture excellent in compatibility with the above-mentioned thickening admixture is particularly preferred.
- Examples of the cement include, but are not particularly limited to, Portland cements such as limestone 'clay' iron oxide and other raw materials such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement, and white Portland cement. And the ability to use mixed cement such as blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, etc. In particular, it is preferable to use early-strength Portland cement.
- the water-cement ratio is preferably 30 to 60%, more preferably 30 to 40%, and particularly preferably about 35%. preferable.
- the kneading method is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and the description is omitted.
- the high self-leveling waterproof concrete has high self-leveling properties because the high self-leveling waterproof concrete 11 has high self-leveling properties, as shown in FIG. 5 (a).
- the concrete surface after casting is flatter than that of ordinary concrete. Therefore, entrapment of muddy water, pore wall sediment, etc. at the time of pouring concrete can be significantly reduced.
- the high self-leveling waterproof concrete has excellent water resistance, it is possible to prevent a decrease in strength due to substantial addition of water due to muddy water even in the ground where underground water or pressurized groundwater is present, and to prevent the use of muddy water. This can prevent the quality from being deteriorated due to the outflow of cement particles.
- the high self-leveling water-resistant concrete has excellent pumpability and fluidity, and material separation resistance, so that material separation during pumping and filling can be effectively reduced only. The occurrence of breathing can also be reduced.
- the ordinary concrete 12 is pressure-fed from the tremy tube 25 while gradually pulling up the tremy tube 25.
- the high self-leveling waterproof concrete 11 having excellent water resistance and self-leveling property always exists on the surface of the poured concrete, the concrete surface remains flat. No muddy water or sediment on the wall. Therefore, since the amount of the extra pile 10k of the concrete pile 10 can be extremely reduced, the pile head treatment can be simplified.
- lightweight concrete such as structural lightweight concrete to reduce the weight of building slabs, floors, and roof slabs, and non-structural concrete mainly for heat insulation, covering, or sound absorption.
- structural lightweight concrete for example, as disclosed in JP-A-2001-261413 and JP-A-8-26853, a volcano having a smaller specific gravity than ordinary aggregate is used.
- Artificial lightweight aggregates such as gravel and other natural lightweight aggregates such as mesalite and asanolite (these are also trade names) are used.
- a shield wall provided in a facility may be made by crushing natural rock such as magnetite, or by shot blasting.
- the material separation is smaller than that in the case where the ordinary aggregate is combined.
- distribution of the above-mentioned aggregate becomes uneven because of easy occurrence.
- the strength of concrete decreases in the case of lightweight concrete.
- the lightweight concrete is placed in a dry state, the shrinkage of the concrete becomes large due to an increase in drying shrinkage, so that the bending strength and the durability tend to be remarkably reduced.
- the concrete composition containing an aggregate of different specific gravity mixes cement and water with an aggregate that also has an artificial lightweight aggregate power, and a chemical admixture for concrete (water reducing agent) and a thickening agent.
- a first water-soluble low-molecular-weight compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants, and an aromatic aromatic compound are used as the above-mentioned thickening admixture.
- Compound An additive containing a second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) selected from the group was used.
- the production method is as follows.
- a kneaded material is prepared by kneading a cement admixture for cement, water, and fine aggregate with the chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B). Then, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the kneaded material and kneaded again, and finally, coarse aggregate is added and kneaded to produce a concrete composition. This makes it possible to uniformly disperse the artificial lightweight aggregate in concrete while ensuring sufficient fluidity.
- a raw material such as expansive shale, expansive viscosity, or fly ash is prepared into a fine powder and then granulated and calcined, or a calcareous or siliceous material.
- the type, particle size, fine aggregate ratio, and compounding amount are appropriately determined depending on the application such as the gas used for the non-structural material.
- the chemical composition of these artificial lightweight aggregates is mainly silica (SiO
- Metals such as iron oxide (FeO, FeO), calcium oxide (CaO), and magnesium oxide (MgO)
- the absolute dry gravity is, for example, less than 2.3 for fine aggregate and less than 2.0 for coarse aggregate in the case of structural lightweight concrete aggregate (according to JIS A 5002).
- Examples of the chemical admixture for concrete added to increase the fluidity of the concrete composition include lignin-based, polycarboxylic acid-based, melamine-based, naphthalene-based, and aminosulfonic acid-based polyadmixtures. It can be appropriately selected from commonly used concrete admixtures for concrete, such as an ether type water reducing agent, a carboxyl group-containing polyether type water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, and a high performance AE water reducing agent.
- the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) selected by the cationic surfactant force is added to the kneaded product, and the mixture is kneaded again.
- the concrete aggregate is mixed and kneaded to produce a concrete composition.Therefore, sufficient fluidity is ensured even when an artificial lightweight aggregate having a specific gravity lighter than ordinary aggregate is used as the aggregate.
- the artificial lightweight aggregate can be uniformly distributed in the concrete while maintaining the same. Therefore, workability can be improved and lightweight concrete with uniform strength can be produced.
- the force using artificial lightweight aggregate as the lightweight aggregate is not limited to the present invention.
- the present invention is not limited to natural lightweight aggregate such as volcanic debris and by-products such as coal shell. It is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a case where a lightweight aggregate is used, or a case where a lightweight aggregate obtained by combining the above-mentioned natural lightweight aggregate or by-product lightweight aggregate with an artificial lightweight aggregate is used!
- a concrete composition containing a lightweight aggregate is used for a hydraulic structure such as a 1S embankment or a substructure of a building, which has a specific gravity of 4.0 or more.
- a first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants in addition to water, cement, aggregate, a first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants,
- B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound is blended as a thickening admixture, the above-mentioned heavy aggregate can be uniformly distributed in the concrete. Can be.
- heavy aggregate for example, iron ore such as magnetite or sand iron, metal such as iron, or pearlite can be used. Further, these heavy aggregates may be blended together with ordinary aggregates as fine aggregates or coarse aggregates, or may be used for both fine aggregates and coarse aggregates.
- the present invention is not limited to heavy concrete used for hydraulic structures and substructures of buildings, and is also applicable to shielding concrete for shielding radiation.
- a first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and a second water-soluble low-molecular compound selected from anionic aromatic compounds are used. If the admixture containing the compound (B) is blended as a thickening admixture, the heavy aggregate can be uniformly distributed in the concrete without performing stratification or the like. Therefore, since there is no structural weak portion due to stratification, the durability of the shielding concrete can be improved, and since the heavy aggregate is homogeneously distributed in the concrete, the dispersion of the radiation shielding effect is eliminated. And the shielding effect can be improved.
- the present invention relates to, for example, construction waste materials ⁇ copper slag aggregate and the like.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case of using aggregates in which both lightweight aggregates and heavy aggregates are mixed.
- the above aggregate can be uniformly dispersed in the concrete. Can be easily produced.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-099623 | 2004-03-30 | ||
JP2004099552A JP4727161B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2004-03-30 | シールド直打ち工法に用いられるコンクリート組成物の製造方法 |
JP2004-099509 | 2004-03-30 | ||
JP2004-099552 | 2004-03-30 | ||
JP2004099623A JP2005282212A (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2004-03-30 | 場所打ちコンクリート杭の構築方法 |
JP2004099509A JP4744813B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2004-03-30 | コンクリート組成物の製造方法 |
JP2004125067A JP4663250B2 (ja) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | コンクリート組成物の粘性調整方法 |
JP2004-125067 | 2004-04-21 | ||
JP2004214135A JP2006036547A (ja) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | 異比重骨材含有コンクリート組成物とその製造方法 |
JP2004-214135 | 2004-07-22 |
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JP2005305789A (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-04 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | コンクリート用型枠離型剤及びコンクリートの打設方法 |
JP2005305788A (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-04 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | コンクリート製品またはコンクリート構造物の製造・構築方法 |
JP2008150782A (ja) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-07-03 | Fujita Corp | 充填材およびその製造方法 |
JP2008273775A (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-13 | Kao Corp | 充填材用水硬性組成物 |
CN102093900A (zh) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-06-15 | 天津城市建设学院 | 一种可部分降解固土植被复合材料 |
JP2011214399A (ja) * | 2011-08-04 | 2011-10-27 | Fujita Corp | 充填材 |
JP2011241679A (ja) * | 2011-08-04 | 2011-12-01 | Fujita Corp | 充填材 |
JP2015074599A (ja) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-20 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | コンクリートの打設方法及びフレッシュコンクリート |
CN108395157A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 粉煤灰吸附性护坡材料的制备方法 |
CN110451896A (zh) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 重庆大学 | 基于掺合料颗粒级配降低拌合物粘度的高强混凝土 |
CN115784678A (zh) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-03-14 | 北京超薪创艺科技有限公司 | 一种自密实烧结轻集料发泡混凝土的制备方法 |
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KR101357456B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-19 | 2014-02-04 | 호서대학교 산학협력단 | 콘크리트용 수중불분리 혼화제 조성물 및 이것의 제조방법 |
KR102044636B1 (ko) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-11-13 | 이종우 | 콘크리트파일 |
CN109704680A (zh) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | 桥梁墩塔施工用掺有黏度改性材料的混凝土及其制备方法 |
CN112987813B (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-02-01 | 武昌理工学院 | 不同强度衬砌砼通水冷却优化控制方法 |
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JP4579571B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2010-11-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | コンクリートの打設方法 |
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