WO2005030572A1 - Bouee de sauvetage dans l'eau - Google Patents

Bouee de sauvetage dans l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005030572A1
WO2005030572A1 PCT/CN2004/000991 CN2004000991W WO2005030572A1 WO 2005030572 A1 WO2005030572 A1 WO 2005030572A1 CN 2004000991 W CN2004000991 W CN 2004000991W WO 2005030572 A1 WO2005030572 A1 WO 2005030572A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
floating body
drainage
control valve
ballast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000991
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Zhengyi Ji
Original Assignee
Zhengyi Ji
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 03139292 external-priority patent/CN1600639A/zh
Priority claimed from CNA2003101200755A external-priority patent/CN1546352A/zh
Priority claimed from CN 200410023833 external-priority patent/CN1673031A/zh
Application filed by Zhengyi Ji filed Critical Zhengyi Ji
Publication of WO2005030572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005030572A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B34/00—Vessels specially adapted for water sports or leisure; Body-supporting devices specially adapted for water sports or leisure
    • B63B34/50—Body-supporting buoyant devices, e.g. bathing boats or water cycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
    • B63B22/20—Ballast means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/06—Floatable closed containers with accommodation for one or more persons inside

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to water-borne human entertainment equipment, and particularly relates to a water-borne human floating body capable of floating and swinging in water.
  • the invention also relates to a method for making and using the waterborne human floating body.
  • the existing water entertainment equipment has high requirements on stability, such as known collision boats similar to the present invention, its design conditions are for the inner lake, its volume is small, and the deck is near or even below the waterline. If the wind and waves are too big, safety cannot be guaranteed; while water-based recreational equipment such as cruise ships and speedboats seek stimulation at high speeds, and their design is based on reducing shaking to increase stability; the skills required for surfboards, skateboards, and small sailing boats are too high. Strong, not ordinary people can master; Although the bumper ship shakes during the collision to give people stimulation, but its play is single, the swing angle is small, the irritation is not strong, not suitable for the sea with large waves.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the deficiencies and disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention provides a water-borne human floating body, which can always maintain a balanced floating state in the water, or break the balance by applying a force through a set swing device, so that the water-borne human floating body and / or the cabin or seat are within a certain angle range. After swaying or lifting, after the swaying device stops functioning, the water-borne human floating body can finally automatically return to the balanced floating state.
  • the water-borne human floating body is against the conventional thinking of water sports and entertainment equipment in pursuit of stability and minimizing sloshing.
  • the water-borne human floating body and / or the cockpit or seat can perform water swinging motion Or swing device for lifting movement, strive to expand the range of shaking, roll and trim, and use the currently known propulsion technology to make the waterborne human floating body can travel, steer, and rotate, which not only conforms to the characteristics of wind and waves on the water and people's pursuit of excitement, Also suitable for different crowd control And use, with extremely high use value and economic value, is a revolution and innovation of aquatic entertainment equipment.
  • the principle of the present invention is to adjust the position of the center of gravity, the center of buoyancy, the center of rotation, and the trajectory of the floating body on the water to appropriately increase the initial stability of the positive floating state, and make it In the non-positive floating state, they are in an unbalanced or unstable balanced state, so that they have the ability to return to the positive floating state.
  • This principle is similar to the tumbler principle.
  • the so-called "floating state” refers to the situation where the head, tail, and right and left drafts of floating objects on the water are equal.
  • the present invention adopts a symmetric or near-symmetric body in the vertical direction to ensure its equilibrium trend of swinging in all directions and its equilibrium of returning to a positive floating state.
  • the gravity center of the water-borne human floating body of the present invention is low, and the floating body is symmetrical or close to a symmetrical body with a vertical perpendicular line, which has good sealing performance, and is designed to have higher stability at any angle than that in the positive floating state.
  • the high stability is the vertical distance between the center of gravity and the center of rotation in the state in which it is located. Therefore, during high-angle roll and trim, its restoring torque can ensure that the water-borne human floating body returns to the designed normal floating state, that is, it has the restoring force to move to a balanced stable state with high maximum stability, even if it is at 180 ° Reverse state. Under slight disturbance, the water-carrying human floating body can also return to the forward floating state. Therefore, the water-borne human floating body of the present invention will not capsize in the ocean with large wind and waves.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a water-borne human floating body, which includes a floating body, a cockpit or a seat provided above the floating body, and a ballast and / or mobile ballast provided at a lower portion of the floating body.
  • the water-borne human floating body further comprises a swinging device provided inside and / or outside of the floating body and configured to make the water-borne human floating body as a whole and / or the cockpit or seat perform water swinging motion and / or lifting movement
  • the water-borne human floating body is designed so that the stability in any unbalanced state is higher than that in the positive floating state.
  • the water-borne human floating body wherein the swinging device includes at least one of the following mechanisms:
  • a propeller drive mechanism which includes a power source and at least one up and down thruster, the up and down thruster is arranged in a groove or pipe in the up and down direction of the side wall of the floating body or slightly up and down to the vertical centerline of the floating body, And a propeller is connected respectively, and a power source drives at least one of the propellers to work;
  • a fluid ejection mechanism which includes a power source, at least one water pump / air pump, at least one water spray / air jet, and a conduit is connected between the water spray / air jet and the water pump / air pump, A control valve is provided in the conduit, and the water jet / air jet is placed in at least one position on the edge of the floating body, and the control valve is used to control the work of at least one of the water jet / air jet;
  • Pneumatic drainage-like mechanism which includes a power source, an air pump and / or an air storage tank and at least one drainage tank.
  • Two ducts are provided on the upper part of each drainage tank, and water inlets and outlets are provided on the lower part of the drainage.
  • a duct is connected, a control block is provided between the duct and the vent, an air pump and / or a gas storage tank is connected to another duct, and a control valve is provided between the duct and the air pump and / or gas storage tank to control A valve is used to control at least one of the drainage grabs; d.
  • a direct-fired jet mechanism which includes a fuel tank, a combustion chamber, and at least one drainage tank; a control valve is provided between the fuel tank and the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is in communication with the drainage tank The upper part of the drainage tank is connected to the vent through a control valve. There is a water inlet and outlet at the lower part of the drainage tank.
  • the control valve controls the combustion of fuel to generate high-pressure expansion gas to discharge the water in the drainage tank.
  • the control valve exhausts the water to re-enter the drainage tank. For controlling at least one of the exhaust cabins to work;
  • Piston type drainage cylinder mechanism which includes a power source, at least one drainage cylinder connected to a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder, an upper part of the drainage cylinder is provided with a duct and an air vent connected to the duct, and a lower part of the> Water inlet and outlet, a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder driving a piston to control at least one of the drainage cylinders to work;
  • Ballast moving mechanism comprising at least one set of magnets disposed on the outer wall of the mobile ballast, and / or at least one set of liquid / pneumatic rods connected to the mobile ballast, and / or at least one connected to the mobile ballast Set of pull ropes and / or links for changing or locking the position of mobile ballast;
  • Cockpit or seat lifting mechanism which includes a bracket provided at a vertical position in the floating body and a lifter or The lifter at the vertical part of the L-shaped bracket, the power source and / or the human-powered lifter move along the direction of the midline of the floating body
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a floating body on water, including providing a floating body, providing a seat gun or a seat above the floating body, and providing a ballast and / or a mobile ballast at a lower portion of the floating body, It is characterized in that: a rocking device is provided on the inside and / or outside of the floating body for the whole body of the floating body and / or the cabin or seat to perform water swing motion and / or lifting movement, and the water is carried on the floating body It is designed so that the stability in any unbalanced state is higher than that in the positive floating state.
  • the swing device is configured to include at least one of the following mechanisms:
  • a propeller drive mechanism which includes a power source and at least one up and down thruster, the up and down thruster is arranged in the up and down direction of the side wall of the floating body or slightly up and down toward the floating body
  • a propeller is connected to each of the grooves or pipes in the vertical centerline skew direction, and a power source drives at least one of the propellers to work;
  • a fluid ejection mechanism which includes a power source, at least one water pump / air pump, at least one water jet / air jet, and the water jet / air jet and the water pump / air pump are connected by a conduit, and a control is provided in the conduit.
  • a valve, the water jet / air jet is placed in at least one position on the edge of the floating body, and the control valve is used to control the operation of at least one of the water jet / air jet;
  • c a pneumatic drainage tank mechanism, which includes a power source and an air pump And / or the gas storage tank and at least one drainage tank, two ducts are provided at the upper part of each drainage tank, and a water inlet and outlet are provided at the lower part of the drainage tank.
  • the ventilation port is connected to a duct, and a connection is provided between the duct and the ventilation port.
  • a control valve the air pump and / or the gas storage tank is connected to another duct, and a control block is provided between the duct and the air pump and / or the gas storage tank, and the control valve is used to control at least one of the drainage grabs to work;
  • d Direct-fired jet mechanism which includes a fuel tank, a combustion chamber, and at least one drainage tank.
  • the combustion chamber communicates with the drainage tank.
  • the upper part of the drainage tank passes
  • the control valve is connected to the vent.
  • the control valve controls the combustion of fuel to generate high-pressure expansion gas to discharge the water in the drainage tank.
  • the control valve exhausts water to re-enter the drainage tank. At least one job in gas grabbing;
  • Piston type drainage cylinder mechanism comprising a power source, at least one drainage cylinder connected to a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder, an upper part of the drainage cylinder is provided with a duct and an air vent connected to the duct, and an inlet and outlet provided at a lower part of the drainage cylinder A water outlet, a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder driving a piston to control the work of at least one of the drainage cylinders;
  • Ballast moving mechanism comprising at least one set of magnets disposed on the outer wall of the mobile ballast, and / or at least one set of liquid / pneumatic rods connected to the mobile ballast, and / or at least one connected to the mobile ballast Set of pull ropes and / or links for changing or locking the position of mobile ballast;
  • Cockpit or seat lifting mechanism which includes a bracket provided at a vertical position in the floating body and a lifter or The lifter at the vertical part of the L-shaped bracket, the power source and / or the human-driven lifter move along the direction of the mid-perpendicular line of the floating body.
  • the center of gravity of the ballast, floating body and swing device is lowered, so that the cabin or seat is off the water surface.
  • the height is maximized; or the weight and volume of the ballast and / or mobile ballast, the floating body and the swinging device are minimized when the occupant weight of the water-borne human floating body and the height of the cabin or seat from the water surface are determined.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the water-borne human floating body of the present invention, which The characteristics are: when the swing device is not operated, the water-borne human floating body can maintain a balanced floating state; after the swing device is operated to exert a force on the water-borne human floating body, the water-borne human floating body and / or the cockpit or The seat generates a rocking motion and / or a lifting motion; after the rocking device stops functioning, the water-borne human floating body can finally automatically return to the balanced floating state.
  • the rocking device is operated in at least one of the following manners, so that the whole water-borne human floating body and / or a cabin or a seat performs a water swing motion and / Or lifting movement:
  • a propeller drive mechanism which includes a power source and at least one up and down thruster, the up and down thruster is arranged in a groove or pipe in the up and down direction of the side wall of the floating body or slightly up and down to the vertical centerline of the floating body, And a propeller is connected respectively, and a power source drives at least one of the propellers to work;
  • a fluid ejection mechanism which includes a power source, at least one water pump / air pump, at least one water jet / air jet, and the water jet / air jet and the water pump / air pump are connected by a conduit, and a control is provided in the conduit.
  • a valve the water jet / air jet is placed in at least one position on the edge of the floating body, and the control valve is used to control the operation of at least one of the water jet / air jet;
  • c a pneumatic drainage tank mechanism, which includes a power source and an air pump And / or the gas storage tank and at least one drainage, two ducts are provided on the upper part of each drainage boat, the water inlet and outlet are provided on the lower part of the drainage tank, the vent is connected with a duct, and the duct and the vent are arranged between There is a control valve, and the air pump and / or the gas storage tank are connected to another duct, and a control valve is provided between the duct and the air pump and / or the gas storage tank, and the control valve is used to control the work of at least one of the drainage tanks;
  • d Direct-fired jet mechanism, which includes a fuel tank, a combustion chamber, and at least one drainage tank.
  • the control valve between the fuel tank and the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber communicates with the drainage tank.
  • the upper part of the drainage tank passes The control valve is connected to the vent.
  • the control valve controls the combustion of fuel to generate high-pressure expansion gas to discharge the water in the drainage tank.
  • the control valve exhausts water to re-enter the drainage tank.
  • the control valve is used to control the drainage tank. At least one job in gas grabbing;
  • Piston type drainage cylinder mechanism comprising a power source, at least one drainage cylinder connected to a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder, an upper part of the drainage cylinder is provided with a duct and an air vent connected to the duct, and an inlet and outlet provided at a lower part of the drainage cylinder A water outlet, a hydraulic cylinder / cylinder driving a piston to control the work of at least one of the drainage cylinders;
  • Ballast moving mechanism comprising at least one set of magnets disposed on the outer wall of the mobile ballast, and / or at least one set of liquid / pneumatic rods connected to the mobile ballast, and / or connected to the mobile ballast At least one set of connected ropes and / or connecting rods for changing or locking the position of the mobile ballast;
  • a cockpit or seat lifting mechanism comprising a support provided at a vertical position in the floating body and connected below the support The lifter or the lifter at the vertical part of the L-shaped bracket, the power source and / or the human-driven lifter move along the direction of the mid-perpendicular line of the floating body.
  • a swinging device of the water-borne human floating body and / or a propulsion device commonly known in the art can be operated to chase each other in the water. Collision.
  • At least two water-borne human buoys are placed in a certain water area.
  • the occupants who ride different water-borne human buoys can control the water-borne human buoys through operation, which can achieve chasing each other in the water, collision of the floating body and the floating body, and the floating body and the cockpit.
  • the purpose of collision, cockpit-to-cockpit collision, tilting from the height to the water surface, ascending and descending, thus not only produces stimulating entertainment effects, but also does not need to worry about the overturning of the floating body on the water;
  • the water-borne human buoy Under the circumstance that the occupants do not take the initiative to operate or the water-borne human buoy itself is not provided with external force equipment, the water-borne human buoy is used in the same way as a general underwater platform, but its entertainment and safety are obviously better than ordinary yachts and boats. It is because the water-borne human floating body adjusts the center of gravity and floating center position of the water-borne human floating body to appropriately increase the initial stability of the positive floating state to ensure that the gravity center of the entire water-borne human floating body is in any non-positive floating state.
  • the vertical distance between it and the center of rotation in the state in which it is located is less than the vertical distance between the center of gravity in the positive floating state and the center of rotation in the state in which it is located, that is, the water-borne human floating body can always maintain a balanced floating state. That is to say, no matter how much the water-borne human floating body sways on the water surface, the cockpit can finally automatically return to the position directly above the floating body without overturning, thereby increasing safety.
  • the water-borne human floating body combined with the above structure has a unique and changeable structure, has a variety of beautiful appearances, is suitable for various waters, and is suitable for different people. People can not only sit in the cabin or seat of the water-borne human floating body on the water, It can sway, lift and control its frequency and amplitude, and can also control the movement direction and travel speed of the water-borne human floating body. Therefore, the water-borne human floating structure of this structure has certain safety and entertainment, and the structure is simple and convenient. It is easy to lose and can be used even in the sea with strong wind and waves.
  • Figures 1 to 18 are embodiments of a water-borne human floating structure with a swing device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-borne human floating body without a swing device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 20 is a structural schematic diagram of a manufacturing example of the water-borne human floating body of the present invention. detailed description
  • the floating human body is divided into upper, middle, and lower parts: the core part is a floating body 19, which is located in the middle of the entire floating body; the upper part of the floating body 19 is a seat-like 3; the floating body 19 The lower part is provided with a ballast 14.
  • the ballast 14 is installed on the lower part of the floating body 19 to maintain the balance of the human floating body on the water; another mobile ballast 14 is provided at the edge position of the ballast 14 and the mobile ballast 14 'is pulled by a rope and / or a connecting rod. It is connected to the controls on the seat 22, and is used to adjust the balance difference caused by uneven ride weight and position or adjust the balance difference caused by uneven rider weight and position through an automatic balance system.
  • the cockpit 3 is arranged on the upper top surface of the floating body 19 and the bottom plate of the cockpit 3 is the upper top plate of the floating body 19; the cockpit 3 is enclosed by a fence composed of a bracket 21, and a plurality of seats 22 are fixed around the center of the cockpit 3, and the cockpit 3
  • the console 2 is set in the center, and the console 2 is supported by a support tube.
  • the floating body 19 is a hollow container and also serves as a nacelle.
  • the lower part of the floating body 19 is provided with two propulsion pipes 18 that pass through both sides of the floating body 19 and are located at the same horizontal plane.
  • the long axis centers of the two propulsion pipes 18 are parallel to each other or It is nearly parallel and equal to the distance from the vertical center axis of the floating body 19;
  • a horizontal thruster 28 is provided in the propulsion pipe 18, and the horizontal thruster 28 is connected with a propeller 51.
  • the propeller 51 works, the water-borne human floating body travels, turns, and rotates.
  • At least one (four in this embodiment is preferred) grooves or pipes 18 'arranged in a vertical direction or slightly inclined up and down from the center vertical line of the floating body 19 are provided.
  • the upper and lower propellers 28 are provided, and the upper and lower propellers 28 are connected with the propellers 51, and propellers 51, which make the water-borne human floating body sway and lift during operation.
  • a power source 5 is provided on the inner bottom of the floating body 19, and the power source 5 transmits power to the horizontal thruster 28 and the vertical thruster 28, respectively; There are three cases of the power source 5: The first case is that the power source 5 is an internal combustion engine, The internal combustion engine directly generates mechanical force.
  • the propellers 28 and 28 are mechanical gearboxes.
  • the second case is that the internal combustion engine has a generator to generate electricity.
  • the propellers 28 and 28 are motors.
  • the third case is that the power source 5 is a power source group, and the thrusters 28 and 28 are motors. At least one or any of the horizontal and / or up-and-down thrusters are driven by a power source to work at the same time, so that the water-borne human floating body performs water traveling, steering, rotation, and / or rocking and / or lifting movements.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that one horizontal propulsion pipe 18 is provided, and the horizontal axis thereof intersects the vertical centerline of the floating body 19.
  • the horizontal propulsion pipe 18 is close to the propeller 51.
  • a steering rudder 52 is provided at one end.
  • the steering rudder 52 is connected to a steering gear 54 located outside the propulsion pipe 18 through a steering rod 53.
  • the steering gear 54 is controlled by controls on the console 2.
  • the ballast 14 is provided only at the lower portion of the floating body 19.
  • a connection fixing belt 27 is provided in the outer wall of the floating body 19; a center 20 of the upper top surface of the floating body 19 is provided with a lifter 20, and a bracket 21 is provided on the lifter 20, and the bracket 21 is Y-shaped, and the top end thereof is suspended Hanging the ring 29, the cockpit 3 is mounted on the ring 29, and the seat 22 in the cockpit 3 can be lifted and shifted horizontally to adjust the balance difference caused by different weights.
  • At least one of the horizontal and / or up and down thrusters is driven by a power source to work, so that the water-borne human floating body performs water traveling, steering, rotation, and / or rocking and / or lifting movements around; It can also do lifting movements, and can also adjust the center of gravity of the cockpit 3 and the occupants to the optimal position through the lifter 20.
  • the ring 29 functions as a cross shaft to ensure that the occupant maintains a vertically upward position when the cockpit sways.
  • the water-borne human floating body of this embodiment is divided into upper, middle and lower parts: the core part is a floating body 19, which is located at the middle position of the entire water-borne human floating body; above the floating body 19 is the cabin 3; floating A ballast 14 is provided at a lower portion of the body 19.
  • the power source 5 is provided at the lower portion of the floating body 19 to provide power to the water pump 7.
  • the cockpit 3 is arranged on the upper top surface of the floating body 19 and the bottom plate of the cockpit 3 is the upper top plate of the floating body 19; the cockpit 3 is enclosed by a fence composed of a bracket 21, and the upper diameter is slightly larger At the bottom diameter, a plurality of seats 22 are fixed around the center of the cockpit 3, and the center of the cockpit 3 is provided with a console 2 which is supported by the support pipe 23 and connected at the center of the bottom surface of the cockpit 3.
  • the floating body 19 is a hollow container, which doubles as a machine gun.
  • a water inlet 17 is provided at the bottom of the floating body 19 and passes through the ballast 14 to communicate with the water pump 7 inside the floating body 19.
  • the conduit 16 of the water pump 7 is divided into two groups: the lower group At least one (four in this embodiment is preferred) a water jet 10 ′ downward or slightly downward from the center perpendicular of the floating body 19 is located at the edge of the ballast 14, and each water jet 10 The horizontal planes are separated by up to 90 °.
  • Each water jet 10 ' is controlled by the control valve 11. When one of the four water jets 10' works or at least two adjacent ones work at the same time, the water carrying human body sways and rises.
  • the upper set of ducts 16 leads to at least one (four are preferred in this embodiment) a horizontal water jet 10, the position and orientation of the water jet 10 is the same as the inlet and outlet of the horizontal propulsion pipe 18 in Embodiment 1, each spray
  • the water outlets 10 are all controlled by the control valve 11, and when one or two of the four water outlets 10 work at the same time, the water carries the floating body to travel, turn, and rotate.
  • the downward spray nozzle 10 and the horizontal spray nozzle 10 connected to the upper and lower two sets of ducts 16 can also be replaced as a whole.
  • each of the downward spray nozzles 10 and / or each of the horizontal spray nozzles 10 can also be adjusted up and down without being on the same horizontal plane.
  • each set of ducts 16 is provided with a downward spray nozzle 10 on the same horizontal plane and at a distance of at most 90 °.
  • an upward spray nozzle 9 as a group, when one or at least two groups of upward spray nozzles 9 located at 180 ° relative to each other are linked with the downward spray nozzles 10 '180 ° apart, the water carrying human body sways.
  • All upward spray nozzles 9 ′ or all downward spray nozzles 10 are lifted and lowered by the floating body during work; each of the spray nozzles 9 and 10 is controlled by the control valve 11.
  • the control valve 11 can control at least one or any of the water nozzles 9 or 10 'to work at the same time, so that the water is carried on the human floating body to perform water swing motion and / or lifting movement.
  • the upper part of the passenger ship 3 may also be provided with a sealing cover 3,.
  • each of the water jets 9 'and / or the water jets 10, and / or the water jets 10 can also be adjusted up and down positions without being on the same horizontal plane D
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that it is floating
  • the inner bottom of the body 19 is provided with an air pump V and / or an air storage tank 12; the side wall of the floating body 19 is no longer provided with the grooves or pipes 18 and the upper and lower thrusters 28 in Embodiment 1, but is tightly fixed in the floating body 19
  • At least one (preferably four in this embodiment) drainage guns 68 are arranged near the outer wall, and the horizontal centerline points on the same plane of the four drainages 68 are separated by 90 °; the upper part of the drainage tank 68 is provided with a duct 16, and a duct 16, which connects the air port 33,
  • the control valve 11 is provided on the conduit 16.
  • the drainage gun 68 communicates with the gas storage tank 12 through another conduit 16.
  • the control valve 11 is provided on the conduit 16.
  • the lower part of the drainage grab 68 is the water inlet and outlet 17; 7. Let the duct 16 communicate with the air inlet 33.
  • the power source 5 is at the lower part of the floating body 19, and the power source 5 transmits power to the air pump 7, and the air pump 7 maintains a certain pressure in the gas storage tank 12 during operation, and the control valves 11 and 11 are alternately opened and closed for drainage. Grab 68 of the water and then fill it up, so that the water will sway and lift.
  • the seats 22 in the cockpit 3 on the upper part of the floating body 19 are aligned and fixed in the same direction, and the console 2 is provided in front of the first row of seats 22 and fixed on the upper part of the bracket 21.
  • the power source 5 and the air pump ⁇ may not be provided, and only the air storage tank 12 is provided, and the air storage tank 12 is inflated and supplemented by a shore-based air pump. Or you can choose not to set the gas storage tank 12 and only set the air pump that can achieve the same function.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 5, except that a central drainage structure 68 is provided at the central portion of the bottom surface of the floating body 19, and the structural principle of the central drainage boat 68 is the same as the drainage 68
  • the central drainage gun 68 is located at the mid-vertical line of the ballast 14 and its water inlet and outlet 17 passes through the bottom of the ballast 14 to communicate with the outside world.
  • a center bracket 41 is provided at the center portion of the upper top surface of the floating body 19, and at least two L-shaped brackets 40 are provided at the upper end of the center bracket 41.
  • the vertical portion of the L-shaped bracket 40 is provided with a lifter 20, a seat 22 is provided on the upper end of the L-shaped bracket 40, the seat 22 is surrounded by a guardrail 39, and the console 2 is provided on the crossbar of the seat 22.
  • the lifter 20 can also perform the lifting motion on the seat 22, and the lifter 20 can also adjust the center of gravity of the seat 22 and the occupant to the optimal position.
  • Embodiment 7 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 5, except that: In this embodiment, at least one of the floating body 19 is arranged close to the outer wall (four are preferred in this embodiment)
  • the drainage cylinder 74 and the water cylinder 74 are provided with a water pushing piston 73, and the water pushing piston 73 is connected to a cylinder 71 provided above and outside the drainage cylinder 74 through a connecting rod 72.
  • the air cylinder 71 is operated by the air pump 7 or the air storage tank 12 to provide air pressure. When the air cylinder 71 is operated, the water pushing piston 73 is pushed down to drain water.
  • the upper part of the water drainage cylinder 74 is provided with a duct 16, and the duct 16 is connected to the vent 33; A water inlet and outlet 17 is provided at the lower end of the drainage cylinder 74.
  • the piston is driven by the air cylinder to make at least one or any of the drainage cylinders work simultaneously, so that the water is carried on the human floating body to perform water swinging and / or lifting movement.
  • a bracket 21 is installed around the upper top surface of the floating body 19, and the inside of the bracket 21 is a cockpit 3, and the cockpit 3 is provided with a seat 22 capable of lifting and translation, and the console 2 is located at the center of the cockpit 3. It is supported by a support tube 23, which is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the cabin 3; a seal cover 3 is additionally provided on the cabin 3.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 5, except that in this embodiment, a combustion chamber 26 is provided on the upper part of the drainage tank 68, and the combustion chamber 26 communicates with the fuel tank 6 through the control valve 11.
  • the fuel supplied by the fuel tank 6 is controlled by the control valve 11 to burn and generate expansion gas in the combustion chamber 26 to remove water in the drainage gun 68.
  • the control valve 11 is opened to release the exhaust gas, and the water enters the drainage grab 68 again, thereby causing the water to carry people.
  • the buoy swings and rises.
  • a lifter 20 is provided between the upper top surface of the floating body 19 and the bottom of the cockpit 3, and the cockpit 3 can also perform lifting movements through the lifter 20, and the cockpit 3 and the center of gravity can be adjusted to the best by the lifter 20 position.
  • the power source 5 is located at the bottom of the floating body 19 and provides power for propulsion and ignition and control.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the side wall of the floating body 19 is no longer provided with the grooves or pipes 18 and the upper and lower thrusters 28 in Embodiment 1, but in The lower part of the floating body 19 is provided with a set of magnet groups 58. All ballasts are movable mobile ballasts 14, which are placed on the inner bottom of the floating body 19. The lower bottom surface of the mobile ballast 14 'is provided with another A set of magnet groups 58, and when the two sets of magnets work, the mobile ballast 14 is displaced according to the control direction, thereby causing the floating of the floating body on the water; between the two sets of magnets 58, 58, balls 60 are provided to Reduces motion friction.
  • the power source 5 is located at a certain height above the mobile ballast 14 and provides power to the thruster 28 and the magnet groups 58, 58 ', respectively. Driven by an electromagnetic mechanism to enable mobile ballast The position is changed to realize the water swing motion of the water-borne human floating body.
  • a connection fixing band 27 is provided; on the upper top surface of the floating body 19, a lifter 20 is provided, and the bracket 21 is placed on the lifter 20.
  • the upper end of the bracket 21 is surrounded to form the cockpit 3.
  • the cockpit 3 is provided with a seat 22 that can be lifted and translated.
  • the console 2 is located at the center of the cockpit 3 and is supported by a support tube 23.
  • the support tube 23 is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the cockpit 3.
  • the cockpit 3 can also be used for lifting movement through the lifter 20, and the cockpit 3 and the center of gravity of the occupants can be adjusted to the optimal position through the lifter 20.
  • a fixed decorative plate 35 is provided to surround the upper part of the cabin 3 and the floating body 19.
  • the bottom of the floating body 19 is provided with at least four wheels 86.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 9, except that the lower part of the floating body 19 is provided with a ballast 14, and the ballast 14 is a mobile ballast 14, and the ballast 14 and A certain height is left between the moving ballasts 14.
  • a set of magnet groups 58, 58 are mounted on the bottom of the moving ballast 14 and the bottom of the floating body 19, respectively, with balls 60 between them.
  • the power source 5 is mounted on the ballast 14, and the electromagnetic ball mechanism is operated to change the position of the mobile ballast so as to realize the water swing motion of the floating body on the water.
  • the seats 22 in the cockpit 3 are arranged in the same direction, and the console 2 is installed in front of the front seats 22.
  • the console 2 is connected to the side wall of the cabin 3 through a support pipe 23.
  • the cockpit 3 is mounted on a ring 29, and the ring 29 is mounted on the upper end of the bracket 21.
  • the bracket 21 is Y-shaped, and its lower end is connected to the lifter 20.
  • the lifter 20 is mounted on the center position of the upper top surface of the floating body 19. Lifter 20
  • the cockpit 3 can also perform lifting movements, and the lifter 20 can also adjust the center of gravity of the cockpit 3 and the occupants to the optimal position.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 10, except that the lower bottom of the floating body 19 is ballast 14, the power source 5 is placed above the ballast 14, the ballast 14 is moved, and the lifter 20 is grouped together and is located on the vertical centerline of the floating body 19 and is connected to the support 21.
  • the lifter 20 raises and lowers the support 21 up and down, thereby causing the water-borne human body to swing.
  • the upper end of the bracket 21 is directly provided with a seat 22, the seat 22 is surrounded by a guardrail 39, and the console 2 is placed on the lateral railing of the seat 22.
  • Example 12 By operating at least one of a mechanical mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism, and an electromagnetic mechanism, at least one of the mobile ballast and the lifter is moved, so as to realize the water swing motion of the water-borne human floating body and / or the lifting of the seat motion.
  • a mechanical mechanism By operating at least one of a mechanical mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism, and an electromagnetic mechanism, at least one of the mobile ballast and the lifter is moved, so as to realize the water swing motion of the water-borne human floating body and / or the lifting of the seat motion.
  • a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism By operating at least one of a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism, and an electromagnetic mechanism, at least one of the mobile ballast and the lifter is moved, so as to realize the water swing motion of the water-borne human floating body and / or the lifting of the seat motion.
  • an electromagnetic mechanism By operating at least one of a mechanical mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism, and an electromagnetic mechanism, at least one of the mobile ballast and the
  • Embodiment 12 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 11, except that the propulsion pipe 18 in Embodiment 11 is changed to a duct 16 in this embodiment, and the duct 16 is only one, and its long axis The middle line intersects the vertical line of the floating body 19; the conduit 16 is internally connected to the water pump 7, and the water outlet of the water pump 7 is provided with a controllable steering nozzle 8 for steering.
  • the upper surface of the floating body 19 is provided with a lifter 20, and a bracket 21 is mounted on the lifter 20; the space surrounded by the bracket 21 is large and the lower end is the cockpit 3, and the seat 22 is surrounded around the cockpit 3, and the console 2 It is located at the center of the cockpit 3 and is supported by the support tube 23 and connected to the bottom center position of the cockpit 3.
  • the position and structure of the mobile ballast 14 ′ are basically the same as those of the embodiment 11 but are separated from the support 21. At least one of a mechanical mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism, and an electromagnetic mechanism is operated to move at least one of the mobile ballast and the lifter, so as to realize the water swing motion of the water-borne human floating body and / or the lifting motion of the cabin. .
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 9, except that the bottom of the floating body 19 and the moving ballast 14 are not provided with a magnet group.
  • a ball 60 is provided at the lower bottom of the mobile ballast 14, and a stretchable liquid / pneumatic rod 88 is connected to the top of the mobile ballast 14 at a maximum of 90 °.
  • the other end of the liquid / pneumatic rod 88 is fixed to the floating On the inner wall of the upper part of the main body 19, at least one (preferably four in this embodiment) liquid / pneumatic rod 88 moves the mobile ballast 14 when it works, thereby causing the water to sway on the floating body. That is, the mobile ballast is moved by manipulating the hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism to realize the water swing motion of the floating body on the water.
  • the upper top surface of the floating body 19 is the bottom surface of the cockpit 3.
  • the seats 22 in the cockpit 3 are arranged in the same direction.
  • the console 2 is provided in front of the front seats 22 and fixed on the bracket 21.
  • a propulsion pipe 18 is provided at a position that intersects the vertical line of the floating body 19 horizontally.
  • the propulsion pipe 18 is provided with a thruster 28.
  • the end of the propulsion pipe 18 near the propeller 51 is provided with a controllable steering nozzle 8 for Turn.
  • a fixed ballast can be added under the mobile ballast 14.
  • at least 4 liquid / air pressure rods or at least one lifter may be installed between the floating body 19 and the cabin 3 for lifting the cabin 3.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 7, except that:
  • the piston 73 in the water cylinder 74 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 70 on the upper and outer parts of the drainage cylinder 74 through a connecting rod 72.
  • the piston 73 pushes the water to drain.
  • Two upper brackets 21 are mounted on the upper top edge of the floating body 19 at an interval of 180 °. The upper end of the bracket 21 is hoisted with a ring 29, and the ring 29 is hoisted to the cockpit 3, and the seal cover 3 is mounted on the cockpit 3.
  • the piston is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to make at least one of the drainage cylinders work, so as to realize the water swinging and / or up-and-down lifting movement of the water carried on the floating body.
  • a hydraulic cylinder to make at least one of the drainage cylinders work, so as to realize the water swinging and / or up-and-down lifting movement of the water carried on the floating body.
  • the hydraulic cylinder device in this embodiment may also be replaced by a cylinder.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 11, except that: a central tube 59 passing through the center of the ballast 14 at the bottom of the floating body 19 is provided on the vertical centerline of the floating body 19 and fixed to the floating On the upper and lower ends of the main body 19, mobile ballasts 14 are installed in the central tube 59, and the upper ends of the mobile ballasts 14 are provided with pull ropes and / or connecting rods 64 upward through the central tube 59 to the gearbox 40 below and forward of the seat 22. Connected.
  • the gearbox 40 is connected to a wheel disc 47 which is driven by a pedal 46 or a hand-cranking device.
  • the wheel disc 47 is fixed under the seat 22 by a fixing frame 48.
  • a lifter 20 is provided at the center of the upper top surface of the floating body 19, and a bracket 21 is mounted on the hoistway 20, and a seat 22 is provided on the bracket 21.
  • the ballast 14 surrounds the center pipe 59 and is placed on the bottom of the floating body 19. At least one of the mobile ballast and the lifter is moved by manipulating a mechanical mechanism (personally driven), so as to realize the water-swing motion of the human floating body on the water and / or the lifting motion of the seat.
  • a mechanism such as an electromagnetic mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic lever mechanism, and a mechanical locking mechanism may be installed in the central tube 59 and the lifter 20 to cooperate with human driving or to separately swing the manned floating body and / or The cockpit is raised and lowered.
  • this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the propellers 28 in the two propulsion pipes 18 crossing the floating body 19 are driven by human power, and the power is driven by the seat grab 3
  • the pedal 46 or the hand-cranking device drives the wheel disc 47 under the action of human power.
  • the wheel disc 47 is connected to the gearbox 40, and the gearbox 40 transmits power to the propeller 28.
  • the roulette 47 is fixed to the floor of the cabin 3 by a fixing frame 48.
  • Each seat 22 is provided with a set of manual driving devices consisting of a wheel 47, a pedal 46 or a hand-cranking device and a gearbox 40 in front of each seat 22.
  • the console 2 is mounted on the front of the front seat 22 and is fixed to the bracket 21.
  • a duct 16 is provided at a position which intersects the vertical centerline of the floating body 19 horizontally and is parallel to the propulsion pipe 18.
  • a water pump 7 is indirectly provided in the duct 16, and a controllable steering nozzle 8 is provided at the water outlet of the duct 16.
  • the water pump 7 is powered by a backup power source. When the water pump 7 works, the water pump moves the human floating body to supplement the shortage of manpower.
  • this embodiment is a form in which the cockpit is swayed by pneumatic or hydraulic lifting and surrounding air jet assistance.
  • the bottom of the floating body 19 is provided with a ballast 14.
  • the ballast 14 is provided with a power source 5, an air pump 7 ′ and / or a pressure storage tank 12.
  • ballast 14 On the top of the ballast 14, two propulsion pipes 18 are provided, and their structures and installation positions are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • At least one pneumatic lift 20 is provided around the mid-vertical line of the floating body 19.
  • the pneumatic lift 20 is connected to a bracket 21, and the upper part of the bracket 21 surrounds a cockpit 3, and a plurality of seats 22 are arranged in the same direction in the cockpit 3.
  • the console 2 is mounted on the bracket 21 above the frontmost seat 22; on the floating body A fixed decorative panel 35 is provided between 19 and the cockpit 3.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 71 works to make the cockpit 3 move up and down, and with the surrounding air outlets 10 ,, the cockpit 3 swings in the control direction.
  • the pneumatic lifter 20 may be changed to a hydraulic lifter or other types of lifters.
  • Cockpit 3 can also perform lifting movements through the lifter 20, and the center of gravity of the voyage 3 and the passengers can also be adjusted to the optimal position through the lifter 20.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 4, except that this embodiment does not include a master pump and a water inlet, but a small water pump 7 capable of forward and reverse bidirectional injection is installed in each duct 16.
  • the position of the horizontal duct 16 is the same as that of the horizontal pushing pipe 18 in the first embodiment; the position of the upper and lower ducts 16 is the same as that of the groove or the pipe 18 in the first embodiment.
  • the cockpit 3 is the same as that of the thirteenth embodiment.
  • Example 19 Two horizontal water pumps 7 are used for traveling, steering, and rotation, and four longitudinal water pumps 7 are used for rocking and lifting. The above six water pumps are all powered by a power source 5.
  • Example 19 Two horizontal water pumps 7 are used for traveling, steering, and rotation, and four longitudinal water pumps 7 are used for rocking and lifting. The above six water pumps are all powered by a power source 5.
  • the water-borne human floating body includes a floating body 19, a cockpit 3 provided above the floating body 19, and a ballast 14 provided below the floating body 19.
  • no swinging device is installed, and only the center of gravity and the position of the floating center of the waterborne human floating body are adjusted, and the initial stability of the positive floating state is appropriately increased to ensure that in any non-positive floating state, the entire waterborne human body
  • the vertical distance between the center of gravity of the buoyant body and the center of rotation in the state in which it is floating is less than the vertical distance between the center of gravity of the buoyant body and the center of rotation in the state in which it is in a floating state, that is, the floating body on the water can always maintain a balanced floating state ( Positive floating state).
  • Table 1 is the state of this embodiment when panning at various angles. It is used to explain that the water-borne human floating body should automatically return to a balanced floating state under any unbalanced state, that is, the cockpit 3 has no external force or external force. When the effect disappears, it can always be kept directly above the floating body 19.
  • At least one anchoring device may be installed under or around the ballast 14 to fix the manned floating body in a certain water area, and be used as a water cooling platform or a working platform (such as a rescue observation platform).
  • This embodiment is an example designed and manufactured by using a propeller driving mechanism to generate a sway.
  • the floating body (19) is a combination of two upper and lower balls without a middle cylindrical section.
  • the sway used in this embodiment is The device is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the cockpit 3 is basically the same as the third embodiment.
  • the main design parameters are shown in Table 2: Table 2
  • the model drainage volume, the model floating volume center, and the moment of inertia of the water surface of the device are obtained.
  • the steady height KM-1. 0188 (m) is calculated.
  • the high initial stability GM1 in 4.8.6 should not be less than the value of GM calculated by the following formula,
  • the water-borne human floating body in this embodiment fully complies with the stability check of the "General Technical Conditions for Aquatic Entertainment Facilities" GB18168-2000 of the People's Republic of China. 5 to 5 ⁇ ,
  • the human floating body on water in this embodiment is a water entertainment facility, and can be used in sheltered sea areas, harbors, lakes, and other waters with a water depth of 1.2 meters or more.
  • the shell material is fiber reinforced plastic, and the static water speed is about 2.5 to 5 knots. Can carry 3 people (210 kg).
  • the waterborne floating body When the swinging device is not operated, the waterborne floating body can maintain a balanced floating state; after the swinging device is operated to exert a force on the waterborne floating body, the entirety of the waterborne floating body and / or the cabin generates a swinging motion and / Or a lifting movement is generated; after the swaying device stops functioning, the water-borne human floating body can finally automatically return to the balanced floating state.
  • the shape of the floating body may be a sphere, an ellipsoid, an oval, a pyramid, a platform, a platform-like body, a cone, or a single body or a combination thereof, or Cross-section missing body or a combination thereof.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the structures of the above embodiments of the cockpit, swing device, ballast, etc. of the water-borne human floating body of the present invention can be replaced and combined with each other.
  • the ballast moving device may include at least one set of liquid / pneumatic pressure rods connected to the mobile ballast, and at least one set of pull ropes connected to the mobile ballast.
  • the pull rope can be controlled by a mechanical mechanism to change the position of the mobile ballast; when the occupant wishes to rest, the hydraulic / hydraulic rod can be controlled by a hydraulic mechanism Move the ballast to change the position.
  • the swinging devices in the above embodiments 1 to 18 can be combined and used in a waterborne human floating body to obtain more exciting entertainment effects.
  • the swinging device may use external force body movement mechanism and ballast moving mechanism at the same time, or use ballast movement mechanism and cockpit lifting mechanism, and achieve at least one mechanism of mechanical mechanism, hydraulic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, electromagnetic mechanism in all directions. Swing or lifting movement.
  • the waterborne human buoy of the present invention can be provided with a ship propulsion device commonly known in the art to control the speed and direction of travel, and necessary safety protection, light signals, attachments, tools, spares and others can be extended. The functions of the human floating body function on the water, etc., will not be repeated here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une bouée de sauvetage dans l'eau, comprenant un corps flottant (19), des compartiments (3) ou des sièges (22) placés sur le corps flottant (19), et des lests (14) et/ou des lests changeables (14') placés sous le corps flottant (19), un dispositif qui abaisse, élève ou fait pivoter la bouée, les compartiments (3) ou les sièges (22), est monté à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur du corps flottant (19) cette bouée étant conçue de manière que dans n'importe quel état déséquilibré, la bouée puisse automatiquement se repositionner dans un état flottant positif. Cette invention se rapporte aussi au procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation de la bouée.
PCT/CN2004/000991 2003-09-26 2004-08-26 Bouee de sauvetage dans l'eau WO2005030572A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN03139292.X 2003-09-26
CN 03139292 CN1600639A (zh) 2003-09-26 2003-09-26 载人浮体
CNA2003101200755A CN1546352A (zh) 2003-12-04 2003-12-04 载人摇摆浮体
CN200310120075.5 2003-12-04
CN200410023833.6 2004-03-26
CN 200410023833 CN1673031A (zh) 2004-03-26 2004-03-26 一种载人浮体的制作及使用方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005030572A1 true WO2005030572A1 (fr) 2005-04-07

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PCT/CN2004/000991 WO2005030572A1 (fr) 2003-09-26 2004-08-26 Bouee de sauvetage dans l'eau

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2005030572A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102530196A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 张维中 自配重防偏浮式结构
CN111976933A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-24 长江大学 一种新型下潜式智慧水务监测前端设备
CN114577529A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-03 河南省科学院地理研究所 一种测量化学环境中污染源的取样装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4823722A (en) * 1984-05-29 1989-04-25 Andre Gass Semi-submersible marine craft
JPH0539086A (ja) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-19 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 水中ボート
CN2231217Y (zh) * 1995-04-07 1996-07-17 刘开民 游乐潜艇
CN2509082Y (zh) * 2001-10-23 2002-09-04 由鹏森 游乐潜艇

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4823722A (en) * 1984-05-29 1989-04-25 Andre Gass Semi-submersible marine craft
JPH0539086A (ja) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-19 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 水中ボート
CN2231217Y (zh) * 1995-04-07 1996-07-17 刘开民 游乐潜艇
CN2509082Y (zh) * 2001-10-23 2002-09-04 由鹏森 游乐潜艇

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102530196A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 张维中 自配重防偏浮式结构
CN111976933A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-24 长江大学 一种新型下潜式智慧水务监测前端设备
CN114577529A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-03 河南省科学院地理研究所 一种测量化学环境中污染源的取样装置

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