WO2004097728A1 - タグ並びにそれを用いた管理方法及び管理システム - Google Patents
タグ並びにそれを用いた管理方法及び管理システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004097728A1 WO2004097728A1 PCT/JP2004/005876 JP2004005876W WO2004097728A1 WO 2004097728 A1 WO2004097728 A1 WO 2004097728A1 JP 2004005876 W JP2004005876 W JP 2004005876W WO 2004097728 A1 WO2004097728 A1 WO 2004097728A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tag
- data
- product
- function
- storage unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07758—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/04—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the shape
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/072—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising a plurality of integrated circuit chips
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tag and a management method and a management system using the tag.
- a tag refers to an object in which a wireless signal transmitting / receiving device (for example, an antenna, a light receiving / emitting element), a memory unit, and a communication unit are incorporated, and is used for a tag or the like.
- tags have been attached to products, and radio wave transmission / reception gates for tag detection have been installed near the entrances and exits of stores to prevent theft of products at retail stores, etc. Passing through the premises, anti-theft systems that detect this and generate an alarm sound are becoming commonplace.
- data in a storage unit provided in the tag can be read from or written to an external terminal.
- These are widely used in factories to separate and deliver products, and to manage inventory by reading and writing product data, in addition to antitheft measures.
- Many of the above tags read and write data using wireless communication, and have a configuration as shown in FIG. 15 for example. As shown in FIG.
- the wireless tag 151 is a module including a small wireless communication IC 15 2 of several mm square or less and a coil antenna 15 3.
- the wireless tag 1515 can exchange data without contact using a dedicated reader / writer device 1554 (see, for example, JP-A-9-62934). Disclosure of the invention
- Some tags encrypt data and take security measures. However, there is a problem that the work is complicated. It is also convenient to build a system that can manage the distribution process of products and the status of service provision in a batch.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tag whose data is difficult to falsify and whose operation is easy. Another object is to provide a product or service providing system using tags.
- the tag (including an IC card, etc.) of the present invention has at least one detachable portion A, has the first function while A is attached, and after A is detached, It is characterized by changing to a second function different from the first function. More specifically, a tag consisting of a detachable part, A, B, and C is pasted on the product, and only while A, B, and C are present, the basic data of the product is rewritten through the tag. , Additional writing is possible. Then, when shipping from the manufacturer, cut off part A. By separating part A, it becomes impossible to rewrite or add basic data on the product.
- the tag consists of a separable part and a part It is preferable that the tag portion has a special shape. For example, the case where at least one surface forms a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, or a substantially polygon is applicable. Further, it is preferable that each of the tags has a visually different characteristic from each of the separable parts and the tag part other than the separable parts. For example, the case where the pattern or color of the outer surface or the combination thereof is completely or partially different.
- a service slip management method using tags For example, at the stage of accepting a service order, affixing or attaching a tag to a voucher related to the service, or writing the first data related to the service to be provided on the voucher to which the tag is attached; The second data relating to the step of providing the service, separating a part of the tag at the stage of receiving the order for the service, and providing the service to the remaining tag part after the separation. And, at the stage where the service is provided, further separating a part of the tags in the final state at the stage where the service is provided, and providing the service status to the remaining tag portion after the separation. Writing the third data related to the service slip management method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a tag having a detachable portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of attaching a tag to a product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example inside a tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process in a distribution process of a product according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a data format stored in the storage unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a data format stored in the storage unit in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the example of composition.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the format of data input / output from an external reader / writer device.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process in response to an output request from the control unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of a process in response to an input request from the control unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the distribution process of a product according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a data format stored in the storage unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of a process for an output request from the control unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process in response to an input request from the control unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a modification of the tag having a detachable portion according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a structure of a general wireless tag.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing in more detail an example of the internal configuration of the tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing in detail the configuration of the disconnection determination circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the method for judging separation of a part of a tag according to the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific criterion for determining a high impedance state in the method for determining separation of a part of a tag according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a top view showing in detail the structure of the cut-off portion of the tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 shows the details of the structure of the tag separation portion according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a structure of a cut-off portion of a tag according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from FIG. 21.
- FIG. 23 is a top view showing in detail a structure of a tag separation portion according to another embodiment different from FIGS. 21 and 22 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the tag 1 according to the present embodiment includes, for example, three parts, a tag A (1-a), a tag B (1-b), and a tag C (1-c).
- the tag A (1-a) and the tag B (1-b) can be separated.
- the manufacturer ships the product by separating the tag A (1-a) from the state where all of the tags A to C are completed. At the store, the goods arrive with the tags B and C together (11-be). The tag B (1-b) is cut off at the store, and only the tag C (1-1 c) remains when the tag is passed to the consumer.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a form of attaching a tag 1 having a detachable portion according to the present embodiment to a product.
- the tag 1 is attached to the surface of the product packaging box 2.
- the tag 1 can be pasted at a position where data can be read and written externally using a reader / writer unit and where tags A and B can be separated.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the internal structure of the tag according to the present embodiment.
- tag 1 can be separated into tag A (1-a), tag B (1-1b), and tag C (1-c).
- the tag A includes a storage unit A31.
- the tag B includes a storage section B32.
- a storage section C 33, an input / output interface section 34, and a control section 35 are provided.
- the I / O interface section 34 exchanges data with an external reader / writer device (not shown). Form an interface for taking action.
- the control unit 35 receives a request input from the input / output interface unit 34 and controls the function of the tag.
- a separation line 36 is provided between the tag A and the tag B, and the two can be separated at this boundary.
- a separation line 37 is provided between the tag B and the tag C, and the boundary can be separated at this boundary.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a data configuration exchanged between the tag according to the present embodiment and an external reader / writer apparatus.
- the read request data has a read instruction code 71 indicating a read request, a tag ID 72, and an error correction code 73 for correcting a data error.
- the write request data has an instruction code 74 indicating that it is a write request, a tag ID 75, write data 76, and an error correction code 77.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a variation of a tag having a detachable portion. Any shape can be used as long as it has a detachable part.
- the tag 1 4 1 has 1 4 1-a, 1 4 1-1 b, 1 4 1-1 c and 1 4 1-a and 1 4 1-b, 1 4 1-b and 1 4 1 This is a tag that has an overlapping area in each of c.
- the tag 142 is composed of 142-a, 142-b, and 142-c, each of which is colored differently. You can determine at a glance the state of the tag by identifying its color.
- the tag 1443 is composed of 143-a, 143-b, and 143-c, each of which has a different shape, and the state of the tag at a glance depending on the shape I understand.
- the tag 144 is composed of 144_a, 144_b, 1444-1c, and each has a concentric elliptical shape.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of a rectangle, a triangle, or a circle, but other polygons may be used, or a form similar to a circle or a polygon may be used.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of data recorded in the storage unit A, the storage unit B, and the storage unit C according to the present embodiment.
- a key code A is stored in the storage unit A31.
- the key code A according to the present embodiment is generated based on the contents of the tag ID54.
- the key code B is similarly written in the storage section B 32.
- Key code B is generated based on the contents of tag ID54.
- the storage unit A31 and the storage unit B32 are writable only by the product maker or the tag maker.
- a tag ID54, a manufacturer code 55, a serial number 56, a store code 57, a purchase date 58, a user area 59, and the like are written.
- the storage unit C33 is roughly divided into three storage areas.
- the storage area 51 is a memory area for writing information that can be written only by the manufacturer.
- the storage area 52 is a storage area for a store that can be written only by the store.
- the storage area 53 is a user storage area that can be written by anyone without any particular limitation.
- the tag ID 54, the message code 55, and the serial number 56 are data written by the message and belong to the memory area 51 for the message.
- the store code 57 and the purchase date 58 are data written by the store and belong to the store storage area 52.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of what data is actually recorded in the storage unit A, the storage unit B, and the storage unit C.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the control unit 35 of FIG. 3 in response to an input request from outside the tag in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing of the control unit 35 of FIG. 3 in response to an output request from outside the tag in the present embodiment. The process in the distribution process of goods will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
- a tag ID 54 is assigned to the tag using a reader / writer device for reading and writing the tag data (step S41).
- Tag ID 54 is a unique ID of the tag itself, and is used to identify each tag. Tag ID is also used when reading or writing data in the tag. By specifying, it is possible to read and write data only for specific tags.
- To assign a tag ID write the tag ID 54 to the storage unit C33 (Fig. 5), and write the key code generated based on the tag ID 54 to each of the storage units A31 and B32. Write A and Kiko KB.
- the key codes A and B are the tag IDs 54 themselves in the present embodiment, but are automatically generated from the tag IDs based on a specific rule, or input from the outside, or tag IDs with emphasis on security. It may be a cipher generated based on the password.
- the tag ID may be assigned by a tag manufacturer different from the product manufacturer during the tag manufacturing process.
- Meirichi attaches the tag with the detachable portion to the merchandise. It can be attached anywhere as long as it is readable and writable using the device. For example, as shown in Fig. 2, it may be attached to the surface of the box in which the product is enclosed.
- the manufacturer further writes the manufacturer code 55 and the product code 56 using a reader / writer device for reading and writing the tag data (step S42).
- the manufacturer separates the tag A (step S43) and ships the product to the store in that state (step S44).
- the tags affixed to the product have only the tag B and the tag C.
- the store writes the store code 57 and the like using a reader / writer device for reading and writing the tag data (step S45).
- step S46 When the customer purchases the product (step S46), the dealer further writes the date 58 purchased by the customer (step S47).
- step S45 and step S47 may be performed simultaneously instead of separately.
- the store After writing the data, the store cuts out the second tag B (step S48) and delivers the product to the customer.
- the tag attached to the product has a configuration of only tag C.
- the customer who has purchased the product can write data 59 as needed using a reader / writer device for reading and writing tag data (step S49).
- Final remaining tag (C) 1-c control part 3 5 and input / output By forming the interface section 34, there is an advantage that various controls such as communication with the outside and writing / reading can be performed to the end even if tags are sequentially cut out during the distribution process.
- control unit 35 Upon receiving a data read request (output request) from the outside via the input / output interface unit 34 (step S81), the control unit 35 receives the tag ID 72 specified in the read request and the internal tag ID. It is checked whether or not the tag ID 54 stored in the storage unit C matches (step S82). If they match, the data is read from the storage unit C and output to the outside via the input / output interface (step S83). In this embodiment, anyone can read data.
- step S91 When a data write request is received from the outside through the input / output interface unit 34 (step S91), the control unit 35 stores the tag ID 75 specified in the write request and the storage unit C inside the tag. It is checked whether the stored tag ID 54 matches (step S92). When the tag ID 75 and the tag ID 54 match, it is determined whether or not the tag A is present (step S93). In the present embodiment, the determination is made based on whether or not the key code A can be read from the storage unit A31 in the tag A (1-a).
- key code A cannot be read, it is determined that tag A does not exist. Also, even if some data can be read out, if the data cannot be judged as a normal key code, it is determined that the tag A does not exist. In this embodiment, since the key code A is the tag ID 54, if the tag code 75 specified in the write request does not match the key code A, it is determined that the tag A does not exist. A method is fine.
- step S93 when it is determined that the tag A exists, The control unit 35 determines whether or not the tag B further exists (step S94). Whether or not the tag B exists is also determined based on whether or not the key code B can be read from the storage unit B in the tag B. If key code B cannot be read, it is determined that tag B does not exist.
- the control unit 35 externally inputs the data to the storage area 51 of the storage unit C33 (1-1c) in the tag C.
- the written write data 76 is written (step S966). In the state of step S96, the control unit 35 does not perform any writing to the storage areas other than the storage area 51 in the storage units C33 (1-c) in the tag C.
- control unit 35 determines in the process of step S94 that the tag B does not exist, the control unit 35 does not take any action because the tag A exists but the tag B does not exist. Exit without When it is determined in the processing of step S93 that the tag A does not exist, the control unit 35 determines whether the tag B exists without being separated (step S95). The determination method is similarly performed based on whether or not the key code B can be read from the storage section B32 in the tag B (1-b).
- step S97 the control unit 35 writes the externally input write data 76 into the storage area 52 of the storage unit C 33 in the tag C (step S97). In the state of step S97, the control unit 35 does not perform any writing to the storage areas other than the storage area 52 in the storage unit C33 in the tag C.
- control unit 35 determines that the tag B does not exist in the step S95, the control unit 35 writes the externally input data 76 to the storage area 53 of the storage unit C33 in the tag C ( Step S98). In the state of step S98, the control section 35 does not write any data in the storage areas other than the storage area 53 in the storage section C33 in the tag C.
- the tag ID is read from the external reader Z writer device. If it matches and specifies, data can be read and written, but external reader
- the determination may be made based on a combination of the keyword and the tag ID. By doing so, the security can be further strengthened.
- the tag according to the present embodiment is a second embodiment relating to a functional tag provided with a function changing means by separation, and will be described below with reference to FIG. 10 to FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a distribution process of goods using the tag according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of what data is recorded in each of the storage unit A, the storage unit B, and the storage unit C in the present embodiment.
- the tag ID 11 1, the maker code 1 12, and the serial number 1 13 are written in the storage unit A 31.
- a tag ID114, a store code 1115, and a purchase date 116 are written in the storage unit B32.
- the tag ID117 and the user information 118 are written in the storage unit C33.
- Tag ID 111, Tag ID 114, and Tag ID 117 written to each storage unit A31, B32, C33 are written only by the tag manufacturer during the tag manufacturing stage. .
- Tag IDs 111, 114, and 117 are the same ID.
- the storage unit A31 can be read and written only by the manufacturer of the product to which the tag is attached, except for the tag ID 111.
- the storage unit B32, except for the tag IDs 114, can be read and written only by the retailer of the product.
- the storage unit C33 is a storage unit that can be read and written by anyone including customers, except for the tag IDs 117.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of processing of the control unit 35 of FIG. 3 in response to an input request from outside the tag in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of processing of the control unit 35 of FIG.
- the manufacturer attaches a tag with a detachable part to the product before shipping the product to the retailer, and uses a reader / writer device to read and write the tag data. And product code 1 1 3 etc. (Step S 102). After writing the necessary data, the manufacturer separates the tag A portion including the storage unit A31 (step S103), and ships the product to the store in that state (step S104). .
- the tag attached to the product (product) has a configuration having only the tag B and the tag C. The manufacturer can save the separated tag A without discarding it, and use it for checking the warranty contents at the time of repair warranty and managing shipped products. If the amount of data to be processed in a large-scale store is too large, only the contents of the data stored in tag A may be stored in a database.
- the store writes the store code 1 15 using the reader Z writer device for reading and writing tag data (step S105).
- step S106 the store writes the date when the product was sold (purchase date when the customer purchased the product 1 16) if the product was sold.
- Step S107 The processing of step S105 and step S107 may be performed simultaneously (on the date of purchase or the like).
- the store cuts out the second tag B (step S108) and delivers the product to the customer.
- the tag affixed to the product has only the tag C.
- the dealer can store the separated tag B without discarding it, and use it for checking the warranty details at the time of repair warranty and managing sold products.
- tag B Only the contents of the data stored in the database may be stored in a database.
- the customer who has purchased the product can write data 118 as necessary using a reader / writer device for reading and writing tag data (step S109). For example, it may be used as a memorandum, or events related to a product may be stored in chronological order.
- the operation of the control unit 35 included in the tag will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIG. 12 and FIG. First, the operation when an output (read) request is issued will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Also refer to FIG. 3 as appropriate.
- the control unit 35 determines whether or not the tag B exists (step S1322).
- the determination method can be detected based on, for example, whether or not the circuit is not electrically connected (high impedance state).
- the control unit 35 determines whether or not the tag A is further present (step S133).
- the determination method is the same as the presence determination method of the tag B. For example, the determination is performed by detecting whether or not the circuit is in a state where the circuit is not electrically connected (high impedance state).
- the tag ID 72 specified at the time of the read request matches the tag ID 111 stored in the storage unit A of the tag A ( Step S1 3 4).
- step S134 If the tag IDs match in the processing of step S134, it is determined that tag A and tag B exist, so the data is read from storage unit A in tag A, and input / output interface unit 34 Output to the outside (step S137).
- step S134 If the tag IDs do not match in the processing in step S134, the read request is ignored and the processing ends. If it is determined in step S133 that the tag A does not exist, the tag ID 72 specified at the time of the read request matches the tag ID 114 stored in the storage unit B of the tag B. It is determined whether or not to perform (Step S135). If the tag IDs match in the processing of step S135, since tag A does not exist and tag B does exist, data is read from storage unit B in tag B, and input / output interface unit 3 is read. Output to the outside through 4 (step S138). If the tag IDs do not match in the processing of step S135, the read request is ignored and the processing ends. If it is determined in step S132 that the tag B does not exist, the tag ID 72 specified at the time of the read request and the tag ID 117 stored in the storage unit C in the tag C are determined. It is determined whether they match (step S136). '
- step S136 if the tag IDs match, only tag C is present, so data is read from storage unit C in tag C and output to the outside through input / output interface unit 34. Yes (step S13 9). If the tag ID does not match in the processing of step S136, the read request is ignored and the processing ends.
- the control unit 35 When there is an external data write request through the input / output interface unit 34 (step S122), the control unit 35 first determines whether the tag B exists (step S122). .
- the determination method can be performed, for example, by detecting whether or not the circuit is in a state where it is not electrically connected (high impedance state).
- the control unit 35 determines whether or not the tag A further exists (step S123).
- the determination method is the same as the method for determining the presence of tag B, for example, by detecting a state where the circuit is not electrically connected (high impedance state).
- step S. 1 2 4 it is determined whether or not the tag ID 75 specified at the time of the read request matches the tag ID 111 stored in the storage unit A ⁇ of the tag A (step S). 1 2 4). In the processing of step S124, if the tag IDs match, data # 6 is written to the storage unit A in tag A because tag A and tag B exist (step S127). Step S 1 2 4 If the tag ID does not match in the process, ignore the write request and end. If it is determined in step S123 that the tag A does not exist, the tag ID 75 specified at the time of the write request and the tag ID 1 1t stored in the storage unit B of the tag B are compared. It is determined whether they match (step S125).
- step S125 If the tag IDs match in the processing of step S125, since tag A does not exist and tag B does exist, data 76 is written to storage unit B in tag B (step S 1 2 8). If the tag ID does not match in the processing of step S125, the write request is ignored and the processing ends. If it is determined in step S122 that the tag B does not exist, the tag ID 75 specified at the time of the write request and the tag ID 1 17 stored in the storage unit C of the tag C are determined. It is determined whether or not is equal to (Step S126).
- step S126 If the tag ID matches in the processing of step S126, the tag is set. Since only the data exists, the data 76 is written to the storage section C in the tag C (step S129). If the tag ID does not match in the processing of step S126, the write request is ignored and the processing ends.
- the input / output interface unit 34 and the control unit 35 are provided only in the tag C, but may be provided in the tag A ⁇ tag B. Also, it may be provided for a plurality of tags. However, there is an advantage that the degree of freedom of reading and writing is improved by providing the tag on the finally remaining tag.
- FIG. 20 is a top view showing in detail the structure of the cut-off portion of the tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- electronic components 253 with a built-in tag function are mounted on a substrate 252 constituting a tag, and a package material 251 is provided so as to cover them.
- the size is about 20 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and 0.5 mm in height).
- a perforation 254 is formed in the tag, and the tag can be separated into two using this as a boundary.
- an insulating material such as a plastic material, a glass material, a ceramic material, a film material, or a vinyl material can be used.
- a glass nonwoven-based epoxy resin copper-clad laminate GE- 4 F, JIS standard: Also known as FR-4.
- the electronic components 255 consist of electronic circuits such as antennas and RF circuits used for wireless transmission and reception, control logic circuits for controlling tag functions, and storage circuits for storing data (EEPROM, FeRAM, ROM, etc.). These are mounted (mounted) on the substrate 25 2.
- FIG. 20 shows an example in which the electronic component 253 is mounted on the upper side of the substrate 252. However, the electronic component 253 may be mounted on the lower side of the substrate 252.
- the material used for the package 251 which protects electronic components from the external environment such as humidity, temperature, light, and impact, should be a material that can transmit wireless signals, such as a ceramic material or a plastic material.
- a material that can transmit wireless signals such as a ceramic material or a plastic material.
- common packaging materials used to encapsulate integrated circuits can be used.
- wiring (eg, ground lines, signal lines, power supply lines) 255 that electrically connects two electronic components is formed on the surface or inside of the substrate 252. Is formed.
- the wiring 255 is mounted so as to pass through a perforation seam after a perforation 255 provided for separating a part of the tag.
- the material of the wiring 255 is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity. For example, it can be realized by methods such as mounting of coated or uncoated metal wire, attaching metal foil, etching, and printing conductive ink.
- the perforation 255 is formed by opening holes in the knockout 251 and the substrate 252 (however, the holes of the package 251 are not through holes), for example, at regular intervals L1. is there.
- the distance L1 between the perforated portions of the perforations 254 is such that the tag can be easily separated and sufficient strength can be maintained before separation (for example, 0.2 mm). I have.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a structural example of a cut-off portion of the tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the substrate 25 The electronic component 25 3 having the function of the tag described above is mounted, and the electronic component 25 3 is covered with the package 25 1.
- the tag has a perforation 254, and it is possible to cut off a part of the tag using this as a boundary.
- FIG. 21 (b) is an enlarged view of the seam joint of FIG. 20 (a).
- the wiring 255 is formed on the surface of the part where the hole of the perforation 255 is not opened.
- FIG. 21 (c) is an enlarged view of a cut portion of the perforation in the upper diagram of FIG. 21 (a).
- a through hole is formed in substrate 25 2 existing inside package 25 1, but a through hole is formed in package 25 1.
- a non-through hole is formed so that the thickness of the package 25 1 is reduced (for example, the package thickness L 2 -0.1 mm in the hole portion). This is because harmful substances such as light, moisture, chemicals, etc. penetrate into the substrate 252 or the electronic component 253, and as a result, the substrate 252 or the electronic component 253 corrode and function normally. This is to prevent it from disappearing.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a tag according to the present embodiment, which shows a structure of a separated portion of the tag different from the tag of FIG. 21 in detail.
- a hole forming a perforation 274 has a through hole that penetrates both the package 27 1 and the substrate 27 2. That is the point.
- the package 271 completely covers the substrate 272 so that the substrate 272 is not directly exposed to the external environment. Therefore, even when the through-hole is formed, the substrate 252 or the electronic component 253 can be protected from harmful substances such as light, moisture, and chemicals.
- FIG. 23 is a top view showing in detail a structure of a tag separation portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference from the tags shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 is that, as shown in FIG. 23 (b), only the region Z where the wiring 285 passes through the perforated portion of the substrate 282 is left. It is the point where the break is made.
- the package 281 is perforated in the same manner as the tag shown in FIG. Here are some examples of tag structure. As described above, the perforation is not limited to the above-described structure as long as it can be easily separated and does not impair the function of the tag.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing in more detail an example of the internal configuration of the tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the tag 1 according to the present embodiment can be divided into a tag A (111a), a tag B (111b), and a tag C (111c).
- a separation line 36 is provided between tag A and tag B, which is perforated to facilitate separation of a part of the tag, from which tag A and tag B are separated. Can be separated.
- a separation line 37 provided with a perforation is provided between the tag B and the tag C, so that the tag B and the tag C can be separated from each other.
- the tag A, the tag B, and the tag C have a ground (GND) line and a power (VC) line connected to each other.
- GND ground
- VC power
- the tag A includes a storage unit A31.
- the tag B includes a storage unit B32.
- a storage unit C33, an input / output interface unit 34, and a control unit 35 are provided.
- the input / output interface unit 34 forms an interface for exchanging data with an external read / writer device (not shown).
- the input / output interface 34 includes a transmitting / receiving antenna (for example, a coil antenna) 34a, a transmitting / receiving circuit 34b, a modulating circuit 34c, a wireless interface circuit 34d, and a demodulating circuit.
- a circuit 34 e and a power supply circuit 34 f are provided.
- the transmitting / receiving antenna 34a has a function of receiving a radio signal transmitted from an external lead / writer device (not shown) or transmitting a radio signal to an external lead Z writer device (not shown).
- the transmission / reception circuit 34 b has a function of filtering, amplifying, and frequency converting the radio signal received by the transmission / reception antenna 34 a or filtering, amplification, frequency conversion, and the like of the radio signal transmitted by the transmission / reception antenna 34 a. It has the function of performing digital / analog conversion.
- the modulation circuit 34c has a function of modulating data to be transmitted to an external read / write device (not shown) into a radio signal.
- Demodulation circuit 3 4 e is for transmission and reception It has a function of demodulating a demodulated signal received by the antenna 34a.
- the wireless interface circuit 34 d changes the data format of the wireless signal demodulated by the demodulation circuit 34 e, such as removing unnecessary portions as received data, and performs data processing of the control unit 35. It has the function of transferring to circuit 35a.
- the radio interface circuit 34 d receives the transmission data from the data processing circuit 35 a, changes the data format to the data to be transmitted by radio, and transfers the transmission data to the modulation circuit 34 c. It has the function to do.
- the frequency band of the transmitted / received radio signal is, for example, a band of 135 kHz or less, a band of 1.3.6 MHz, a band of 8600 MHz to 91 MHz, and a band of 2.45 GHz. Belt.
- the modulation and demodulation method used is, for example, ASK (AmplitudeShifttKeiing), FSK (FrequeencyShifttKeyinng), ⁇ K (On-OfffKeing).
- the modulation and demodulation method to be used can be changed by changing the configuration of the modulation circuit 34c and the demodulation circuit 34e according to the modulation and demodulation method to be used.
- the power supply circuit 34f extracts power from the radio signal (electromagnetic wave) transmitted from an external lead Z writer device (not shown) and received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 34a using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and the power inside the tag is extracted. It has the function of supplying power of the power supply voltage VC to the circuit (described later). Further, the power supply circuit 34 f may use a power generating element such as a battery instead of having the function of extracting power from the wireless communication.
- the power supply line of the power supply voltage VC (for example, 1.5 V) supplies power not only to the circuit inside the tag C but also to the storage unit A 31 of the tag A and the storage unit B 32 of the tag B. .
- the control section 35 receives a request input from the input / output interface section 34 and controls the function of the tag.
- the control section 35 has a data processing circuit 35a, a storage area control circuit 35b, and a separation determination circuit 35c and 35d.
- the data processing circuit 35a obtains the contents of the received data and the storage area control circuit 35b from the received data transferred from the wireless interface circuit 34d. Has the function of determining in which storage area the received data is to be stored based on the received information and writing the received data to any of the storage units A, B, and C where the relevant storage area exists. . If the received data is a data read command from an external lead Z writer device (not shown), the data processing circuit 35a transmits the contents of the read command and the storage area control circuit 35b.
- a function to read the transmission data from any of the storage units A, B, and C where the corresponding storage area exists is determined based on the information obtained from the storage area from which the transmission data is to be read.
- the data processing circuit 35a also has a function as an interface when writing or reading data using a wire for the tag 1. However, when data is not read / written by wire, the interface function may be omitted.
- the data processing circuit 35a is provided with a function block in the disconnection determination circuit 35c (FIG. 17: input potential determination circuit 86, high impedance determination circuit 87, input / output control circuit 88, switch). 8 9) and control for each function block (transmitter / receiver circuit 34, modulation circuit 34 c, wireless interface circuit 34 d, demodulation circuit 34 e, power supply circuit 34 f) in the input / output interface. ing.
- the storage area control circuit 35b recognizes the current state of tag 1 separation based on the tag separation information obtained from the separation determination circuits 35c and 35d, and can write the received data. It has a function of judging a storage area and a storage area from which transmission data can be read, and transmitting information on a writable storage area or a readable storage area to the data processing circuit 35a.
- the disconnection determination circuit 35c has a function of determining whether data transmission / reception with the storage unit B32 is possible and transmitting information on whether the tag B is disconnected to the storage area control circuit 35b.
- the separation determination circuit 35 d has a function of determining whether data transmission / reception with the storage unit A 32 is possible and transmitting information on whether the tag A is disconnected to the storage area control circuit 35 b. Further, the disconnection determination circuits 35c and 35d have a function of protecting the internal circuit from static electricity or the like when the tag for transmitting and receiving data is disconnected.
- FIG. 17 shows the configuration of the disconnection determination circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention in detail. It is a block diagram shown. The configuration of the disconnection determination circuit will be described based on FIG.
- the disconnection determination circuit 35 c is composed of an input resistor 81, a P-channel FET (field effect transistor) 82, an N-channel FET 83, an input buffer circuit 84, an output buffer circuit 85, and an input potential. It has a judgment circuit 86, a high impedance judgment circuit 87, an input / output control circuit 88, and a switch 89.
- the resistor 81 is an input / output resistor for protecting an internal circuit such as the separation determination circuit 35c from static electricity or the like that jumps from the outside when the tag B is separated by the separation line 37. However, it is omitted when the circuit after the resistor 81 (for example, the P-channel FET 82, the N-channel FET 83, the input buffer 84), or if it has sufficient resistance to noise such as static electricity. It is also possible. Before the tag B is disconnected, the resistor 81 is connected to the storage section B 32 (FIG. 16) through the input terminal IN 1.
- one end of the resistor 81 (the side opposite to IN 1) is connected to the drain terminal of the P-channel FET 82, the drain terminal of the N-channel FET 83, the input terminal of the input buffer 84, and the output buffer. 8 5 Output terminals and are connected to respectively.
- the P-channel FET 82 and the N-channel FET 83 are field-effect transistors provided to set a bias voltage at a node P 1 to which respective drain terminals are commonly connected. xide Semiconductor) type field effect transistors or junction type field effect transistors can be used.
- the P-channel FET 82 has a source terminal connected to the power supply V C, a gate terminal connected to the voltage control terminal V 1, and a drain terminal connected to the node P 1 and the input potential determination circuit 86.
- the N-channel FET 83 has a source terminal connected to GND (ground), a gate terminal connected to the voltage control terminal V 2, and a drain terminal connected to the node P 1 and the input potential determination circuit 86.
- the voltage control terminal V 1 is equal to or higher than the gate cut-off voltage V c 1 of the P-channel FET 82 (for example, the power supply voltage VC), and the voltage control terminal V 2 is the gate cut-off voltage V c 2 of the N-channel FET 83 If it is more than (for example, power supply Since the voltage VC) and only the N-channel FET 83 are turned on, the potential of the node # 1 becomes almost the ground (GND) potential.
- the voltage control terminal VI is ⁇ the gate cut-off voltage of channel F ⁇ ⁇ 8 2 or less (for example, grounded to GND), and the voltage control terminal V 2 is ⁇ the channel cut-off voltage V 8 of the gate cut-off voltage V If c 2 or less (for example, ground to GND), only the ⁇ channel F ⁇ ⁇ 82 is turned on, so that the potential of the node ⁇ 1 is substantially equal to the power supply voltage VC.
- the voltage control terminal V 1 and the voltage control terminal V 2 are terminals that control the gate voltage of ⁇ channel F ⁇ ⁇ 82 and ⁇ channel F ⁇ ⁇ 83, and are controlled by the input / output control circuit 88. Terminal.
- the voltage control terminal VI is S
- the gate cut-off voltage of the P-channel FET 82 is Vc 1 or more (for example, the power supply voltage VC)
- the voltage control terminal V 2 is the gate cut-off voltage V c of the N-channel FET 83. If it is 2 or less (for example, ground to GND), the potential of the node P 1 becomes substantially the same as the potential of the input terminal IN 1 because both the P-channel FET 82 and the N-channel FET 83 are turned off. .
- the voltage control terminals VI and V2 it is possible to select a force for fixing the potential of the node P1 or whether it depends on the input / output signal.
- the input potential determination circuit 86 is connected to the node P 1 and the high impedance determination circuit 87 and is a circuit that determines the potential of the node P 1 (eg, ground, VC, 1 VC, etc.).
- the high impedance determination circuit 87 is connected to the input potential determination circuit 86 and the storage area control circuit 35b, and determines whether the node P1 is in a high impedance state.
- the input / output control circuit 88 controls the voltages of V 1 and V 2, and performs data input / output operation with the tag B based on the judgment result of the high impedance state by the high impedance judgment circuit 87. It is determined whether or not to perform the control, and the on / off of the switch 89 is controlled.
- the switch 89 is a switch for controlling whether to permit writing / reading of data to / from the storage section B32 (FIG. 16) of the tag B.
- the input buffer 84 is a buffer for the data signal read from the storage section B32, and is connected to the switch 89 and the node P1.
- the output buffer 85 is a buffer for a data signal to be written to the storage section B 32, and the switch 8 9 And node P 1.
- the P-channel FET 82 may be replaced with a PNP-type bipolar transistor, and the N-channel FET 83 may be replaced with an NPN-type bipolar transistor. In this case, the voltage effect (1.4 V) between the base emitter and the voltage effect (1.4 V) may be taken into consideration to raise the power supply voltage VC (for example, 3 V).
- One of the methods to determine the disconnection of a tag is to measure the amount of power supplied by the power supply circuit 34f.
- a power measuring means (corresponding to the data processing circuit 35a in the example shown in Fig. 16) for measuring the amount of power supplied by the power supply circuit 34f is provided in the control unit 35, and the tag is not separated at all. Power supply amount P 1 in the state, power supply amount P 2 when tag A is disconnected, power supply amount P 3 when tag A and tag B are disconnected, and current power supply amount P 4 By comparing and, it is possible to determine which state the detached state is.
- the power measurement means has a function of stopping the power supply to the storage unit A31 and the storage unit B32 by a control signal
- the power measurement means first (for example, during tag manufacturing) After the power supply to the storage unit A31 or both the storage unit A31 and the storage unit B32 is stopped, the power supply amount is measured, and the measured data is stored in a register provided in the control unit 35. If the power measuring means does not have a function of stopping the power supply to the storage unit A31 and the storage unit B32 by a control signal, a part of the tag is artificially cut off in advance during manufacturing. Therefore, the power supply amount in each state is artificially measured, and the measured data is stored in the register of the control unit 35 using an external read-Z writing device (not shown). ,.
- the power measuring means measures the current power supply amount P4, and compares the current power supply amount P4 with the power supply amount stored in the register to determine the tag separation state. If P 4 ⁇ P 1, the tag is not detached at all, if P 4 P 2, the tag A is detached, if P 4 P 2, the tag A It can be determined that the tag B and the tag B are separated. If the actual criterion is P 1 + A P P 4 P P 1 A A (A is a margin for the variation of the supplied power for each tag), it is determined that the tag is not disconnected at all. .
- the storage unit A31 or the storage unit B32 is determined. There is a method of making a determination based on the above.
- the tag separation state can be determined based on whether it is possible to control the reading or writing of data with respect to the data processing circuit 35a power S, the storage unit A31, or the storage unit B32. Will be possible.
- Another method of determining the disconnection state of a tag is to directly detect the connection state of the tag. This judgment method is a method for judging a tag separation state based on whether or not a data signal line connected to the tag A and the tag B is disconnected.
- the data signal line connected to the disconnected tag is in an open state (that is, a high impedance state). Therefore, by detecting whether or not the data signal line is in the high impedance state, it is possible to determine the tag separation state. Instead of detecting the high impedance state using the data signal line, it is also possible to detect the high impedance state of the ground line or the power supply line.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the flow of the process of determining the tag separation state.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of the principle of the determination.
- the method of detecting the detached state of a part of the tag by using the high impedance state of the data signal line will be mainly described with reference to FIGS. 16, 17, and 19 as appropriate. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of determining separation of a part of a tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of determining separation of a part of a tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- step S201 which is a stage of starting communication with the switch device by a wireless signal, the input / output control circuit 88 of the control unit 35 turns off the switch SW89.
- This is a process that is performed to protect a circuit inside the tag (for example, the control unit 35) from a data signal line from an excessive noise signal due to, for example, static electricity or the like when a part of the tag is already separated. .
- step S202 the input / output control circuit 88 applies the power supply potential V C (for example, 1.5 volts) to the terminal VI and the terminal V2.
- V C for example, 1.5 volts
- step S203 the input potential determination circuit 86 measures the potential of the node P1, and based on the measurement result, the threshold value VTL (for example, 0.1 volt). It is desirable that the threshold value V TL be set higher than the actual measured value of the node P 1 in consideration of the influence of measurement error, characteristic variation of the circuit element, and the like.
- the output control circuit 88 applies a ground (eg, 0 volt) potential to the terminals V1 and V2. This processing is performed to turn on only the P-channel FET 82 and fix the potential of the node P1 to the power supply potential V C (for example, 1.5 volts).
- the input potential determination circuit 86 measures the potential of the node P1 and, based on the measurement result, a threshold VTH (for example, 1.4 volts). It is desirable that the threshold value V TH be set lower than the actual measured value of the node P 1 in consideration of the influence of the measurement error, the characteristic variation of the circuit element, and the like.
- the output control circuit 88 applies the power supply potential VC (for example, 1.5 ports) to the terminal VI and the ground potential (for example, 0 volts) to the terminal V2. give. This is a process performed to turn off both the P-channel FET 82 and the N-channel FET 83 and set the potential of the node P1 to the data signal potential itself.
- the input potential determination circuit 86 measures the potential of the node P1, and transmits the measurement result VIN to the high impedance determination circuit 87.
- step S 2 In 08 the high-impedance determination circuit 87 determines whether the threshold VTL is less than the threshold VTL and the measurement result VI 1 ⁇ ⁇ threshold ⁇ c ⁇ [(Equation 1) for a certain period of time (eg, 100 milliseconds). I do.
- the meaning of the determination expression of (Expression 1) will be described.
- the input impedance is undefined and the potential of the node P1 may fluctuate with time. It is rarely fixed. Therefore, if the intermediate state continues for a certain period without indicating the ground potential or the power supply potential for a certain period, the node P1 can be determined to be in the high impedance state. If the condition of the above (Equation 1) is satisfied for a certain period, the process proceeds to step S209, and the node P1 (that is, the input terminal IN1) is in a high impedance state, and as a result, It is determined that the-part of the tag (tag B corresponds in the example shown in Fig. 16) is disconnected.
- the input / output control circuit 88 applies a ground potential (for example, 0 volt) to the terminal VI and the terminal V2.
- a ground potential for example, 0 volt
- the N-channel FET 83 fixes the potential of the node P1 to the power supply potential (for example, V C port), and prevents unnecessary external noise from entering the internal circuit. Since the tag B has already been disconnected, the node P 1 holds the potential state (V C) as it is until the end of the communication, and ends the processing.
- step S211 the node P1 (that is, the input terminal IN1) is not in the high-impedance state. It is determined that a part of the tag (tag B in the example of FIG. 16) is still connected. Then, step S 2 1 2 In, the input / output control circuit 88 turns on the switch 89 to enable writing / reading of data signals between the data processing circuit 35 a and the storage section B 32 of the tag B. I do. Since the tag B has not been disconnected yet, the node P1 holds the potential state (the potential of the passing data signal) as it is until the end of the communication, and ends the processing.
- the present invention is not limited to these examples, and it goes without saying that various modifications are possible.
- the case where the tag shown in this embodiment is read and written wirelessly has been described, but it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that reading and writing can be performed by wire.
- the transmission and reception of the present invention can be realized not only by radio waves but also by light such as infrared rays.
- the tag may be integrated with the package or the container, and the attachment form is not limited.
- a method of preventing the function of the part to be separated from functioning by an electrical or optical method can be used.
- a tag that has been disabled by such a method may be allowed to be reused.
- it can be applied to a slip management system related to the provision of services. Industrial applicability
- the tag provided with the separable part when all the separable parts are complete, it can access only the specific storage area in a tag. However, when a part is separated, the storage area cannot be accessed, and another storage area can be accessed. In this way, since the function changes depending on the physical state of the tag, it is extremely difficult to refer to or alter the data in the tag later, for example. Can be provided. It is also possible to enter data such as the date of manufacture and the expiration date into tags, attach them to foods, etc., and ship them for quality assurance.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005505875A JP4516525B2 (ja) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-23 | タグ並びにそれを用いた管理方法及び管理システム |
US10/554,232 US7812706B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-23 | Tag, and method and system using the same |
DE602004029458T DE602004029458D1 (de) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-23 | Etikett, system und verfahren zur verwaltung einer warenverteilung |
EP04729241A EP1622066B1 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-23 | Tag, system and method for managing merchandise distribution |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2003-120871 | 2003-04-25 | ||
JP2003120871 | 2003-04-25 |
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EP (1) | EP1622066B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4516525B2 (ja) |
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DE (1) | DE602004029458D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200504611A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004097728A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-04-23 EP EP04729241A patent/EP1622066B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-23 DE DE602004029458T patent/DE602004029458D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-23 WO PCT/JP2004/005876 patent/WO2004097728A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-04-23 TW TW093111479A patent/TW200504611A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-23 JP JP2005505875A patent/JP4516525B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-23 US US10/554,232 patent/US7812706B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-23 CN CNB2004800177237A patent/CN100442311C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1835448A1 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2007-09-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Ic tag having function varying upon separation |
EP1835448A4 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2008-11-26 | Sharp Kk | IC MARKER WITH SEPARATION OF VARIOUS FUNCTION |
US7843315B2 (en) | 2004-10-18 | 2010-11-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | IC tag whose function can be changed upon separation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1622066A1 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
CN1813258A (zh) | 2006-08-02 |
DE602004029458D1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
EP1622066A4 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
US7812706B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
EP1622066B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
TW200504611A (en) | 2005-02-01 |
JPWO2004097728A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
CN100442311C (zh) | 2008-12-10 |
US20060220789A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
TWI340350B (ja) | 2011-04-11 |
JP4516525B2 (ja) | 2010-08-04 |
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