Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
  • A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
  • A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
  • A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
  • A01H4/002—Culture media for tissue culture
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
  • A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
  • A01H4/005—Methods for micropropagation; Vegetative plant propagation using cell or tissue culture techniques
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
  • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
  • A01H6/82—Solanaceae, e.g. pepper, tobacco, potato, tomato or eggplant
  • A01H6/827—Solanum tuberosum [potato]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
  • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
  • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
  • C12M3/00—Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
  • C12M37/00—Means for sterilizing, maintaining sterile conditions or avoiding chemical or biological contamination
  • C12M37/02—Filters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
  • C12N5/0018—Culture media for cell or tissue culture
  • C12N5/0025—Culture media for plant cell or plant tissue culture
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
  • C12N5/04—Plant cells or tissues

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for producing seed potatoes. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing seed potatoes by culturing potato stems using an dense planting and upright cultivation method, and to the seed potatoes produced.
• Potatoes can be propagated in the form of a true seed or a nutritive propagule, but at present, potatoes are mainly cultivated using a nutritive propagation method. Cultivation of potatoes by nutritive propagation can supply massive production only in the case that disease-free and high quality seed potatoes are sowed. But presently, the disease-free and high quality seed potatoes have been not sufficiently provided.
• seed potatoes are susceptible to infection because they have many opportunities to be exposed to various diseases or pests, owing to the long propagation time of seed potatoes. Accordingly, it is important to shorten the propagation period of seed potatoes in the supply system of disease-free and high quality seed potatoes. The most important concern in the shortening of the propagation period is to produce mass quantities of basic species of seed potatoes at low cost (Hussey, G. et al., Anal Bo , 53: 565-578, 1984; Garnet N, et al., Anal. Bot., 63: 663-674, 1989; Lillo C., Norweigian J. Agric. Sci., 3: 23-27, 1989).
• seed potatoes starts with the culturing of a growth point from a potato bud to form stems. After being sub-cultured in a culture container, the stems are subjected to stem cutting or hydroponics to produce seed potatoes. Under modified culture conditions, seed potatoes may be also produced from the stems.
• the production method using a petri dish of Korea patent 10-1989-3009 can produce mass quantities of seed potatoes in comparison with other previous methods, but this means the production of mass quantities of seed potatoes every year requires accumulation of small amounts of seed potatoes produced regularly every day, and also this method has other problems including high cost for production of seed potatoes and large economic losses because all of produced seed potatoes cannot be used.
• the loss of produced seed potatoes may occur during their storage.
• the storage of seed potatoes is needed because seed potatoes require a resting stage and their sowing is performed* according to a schedule. Also, losses may occur by decomposition of seed potatoes due to hypertrophy of lenticels caused by growth of seed potatoes in a solid media in a petri dish.
• direct production of seed potatoes by stem cutting or hydroponics may show different propagation rates according to culturing time or method, requires high cost for culturing equipments including a greenhouse and a supply system of nutrient solution, and has poor stability of productivity of seed potatoes owing to power blackouts and rapid spread of infection. Actually, direct production is not in use for mass production.
• the present invention provides a process for producing seed potatoes, comprising the steps of: (i) obtaining basic stems for formation of seed potatoes from potatoes; (ii) propagating the basic stems in a liquid or a solid medium in a culture vessel capable of dense planting and upright cultivation; (iii) culturing the propagated stems in a liquid or a solid medium in a culture vessel capable of dense planting and upright cultivation and of production of seed potatoes separately from the medium.
• the method for obtaining basic stems for formation of seed potatoes from potatoes can use one of various methods known in the art to which the present invention belongs, and it is desirable to culture growth points obtained from buds of potatoes to obtain basic stems which are not infected by any virus.
• culture condition of the above steps can be the same as the prior art culture condition. It is desirable that the culture of the step (i) or (ii) is accomplished under the condition of a temperature of 20 to 30°C, the luminous intensity of over 3,000 Lux and the light: darkness cycle of 13: 11 to 17: 7 hours, and it is desirable that the culture of the step (iii) is accomplished under a dark condition at 15 to 25°C.
• the culture vessel of the step (ii) or (iii) comprises: an upper cap having a filter for filtering contaminated air; a culture support plate having cup-shaped compartments, each for receiving and culturing a basic stem; and a bottom cap, in close contact with the upper cap, for completely excluding outside air.
• the culture support plate consists of cup-shaped compartments having a prescribed depth and thus a basic stem can be planted and cultured uprightly in the cup-shaped compartment.
• Each of cup-shaped compartments contains a liquid or a solid medium in its bottom and seed potatoes are formed in the upper side of the culture support plate. Accordingly, formation of seed potatoes in the medium can be prevented.
• outside air can enter the culture vessel only by passing through the filter equipped in the upper cap of the culture vessel, and accordingly, the inflow of disease-causing germs from the outside can be prevented.
• Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a culture vessel for use in the present invention
• Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the culture vessel
• Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the culture vessel.
• Step 1 Acquisition of basic stems
• Growth points of potatoes are collected and cultured, and then basic stems are obtained from the cultured growth point of potatoes.
• the growth point is collected from a shoot apex of sprouted buds obtained by culturing potato, and culturing is performed with MS medium generally used in tissue culture of plants.
• a basic stem is obtained from the subculturing of a stem propagated from the growth point, and it is desirable that the propagated stem is 3 to 7 cm in length.
• the basic stem can be cultured in the medium containing potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate and calcium chloride (pH 5.7 to
• Step 2 Propagation of basic stems Dense planting and upright cultivation propagate the basic stems obtained in the step 1.
• the dense planting and upright cultivation of the basic stem can be performed using a liquid or solid medium in a culture vessel containing a culture support plate.
• liquid media have an advantage over solid media.
• the basic stems have been cultured only in solid media because stems may be soaked in liquid media and may not be grown uniformly owing to interference among stems.
• a culture vessel comprising a culture support plate consisting of compartments, which is structured to allow the basic stems to be rapidly cultured in a liquid medium without the problems of interference among stems, in accordance with the present invention.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a culture vessel comprising a culture support plate in which basic stems grow, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
• the culture vessel comprises an upper cap 1 having a filter 4 for filtering contaminated air; a culture support plate 2 in which basic stems are cultured dense planting and upright; and a bottom cap 3, in close contact with the upper cap 1, for completely excluding outside air.
• the culture vessel of Fig. 1 in a cross-sectional view.
• the culture support plate 2 consists of cup-shaped compartments in each of which one basic stem can be cultured and propagated.
• the size and the number of the compartments are not limited, and the culture support plate 2 is structured to fit with the bottom cap 3.
• Fig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the culture vessel.
• the upper cap 1 and the bottom cap 3 are closely contacted to each other to prevent inflow of outside air, and outside air enters the culture vessel only by passing through the filter 4.
• culture conditions in the present invention are not limited to the condition described above, and the basic stem can be propagated under the same conditions as the step 1.
• Step 3 Production of Bio-Tech seed potatoes
• the stems propagated in the step 2 are cultured in the medium for formation of seed potatoes at 15 to 25°C under dark conditions. It is desirable that propagated stems with a length of 5 to 10 cm are used, and it is desirable that the medium for formation of seed potatoes contains uniconazol and anti- zibberellin compound or a triazole compound such as paclobutrazol, inabenfide, ancymidol, flurprimidol, and the like.
• the propagated stem is desirably cultured at 15 - 25 °C for 50 - 60 days.
• a suitable time of sowing of mass quantities of seed potatoes can be calculated in consideration of a natural resting stage, which varies from about 50 to 120 days, according to breeds. Therefore, it is possible to produce seed potatoes to be sowed immediately at the beginning of a sowing season and to be sprouted quickly.
• the process of the present invention can prevent the loss of seed potatoes during their storage and omit the storage step at 4°C, thereby reducing the production cost of seed potatoes.
• the process of the present invention uses a culture vessel comprising a culture support plate instead of a petri dish-type culture vessel of the previous art.
• culture medium used in the present invention is selected from a liquid and a solid medium, contrary to use of only a solid medium of the previous art.
• the subculturing of the present invention can be mechanized with stems growing upright having a regular arrangement, contrary to the subculturing of the previous art, characterized by stems growing in a tangled arrangement.
• seed potatoes of the present invention are produced on the culture support plate capable of separating seed potatoes from a liquid or a solid medium,_contrary to seed potatoes of the previous art being in contact with the surface of the medium or being buried in the medium.
• seed potatoes of the present invention have a regular size, contrary to irregular sizes of the previous art.
• the present invention performs independently subculturing and then production of seed potatoes, but on the other hand, the previous art performs . simultaneously both subculturing and production of seed potatoes.
• seed potatoes produced by the process of the present invention can be stored at room temperature with the regulation of their resting period being unnecessary; but on the other hand, seed potatoes produced by the method of the previous art need to be stored at a low temperature to regulate their resting period.
• seed potatoes of the present invention are suitable for direct sowing in the field because they do not have lenticels hypertrophy and have strong tissue, contrary to seed potatoes produced by the previous art having lenticels hypertrophy and weak tissue.
• the culture medium contained 2.25 g/L of potassium nitrate, 1.8 g/L of ammonium nitrate, 214 mg/L of dipotassium phosphate, 332 mg/L of calcium chloride, 181 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 35.5 mg/L EDTA, 28.5 mg/L of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 12.8 mg/L manganese sulfate, 6.5 mg/L of borric acid, 8.2 mg/L of zinc sulfate, 0.85 mg/L potassium iodide, 0.27 mg/L sodium molybdate dihydrate, 0.028 mg/L cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.028 mg/L cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 115 mg/L myo-inositol, 0.5 mg/L of thiamine,
• the propagated basic stems obtained from one segment of basic stems were planted into a culture support plate 2 of a culture vessel 1 according to the same method as above, and then 600 ml of liquid medium for formation of seed potatoes was poured into each compartment of the culture support plate, and the propagated basic stem was cultured at 21 °C for 60 days in the dark to obtain seed potatoes.
• seed potatoes were produced at a rate of 1.32 per propagated basic stem, and this means productivity of seed potatoes is 0.31 per cm 2 .
• This productivity of the present invention is three-fold higher than that of the previous art with 0.096 per cm 2 .
• seed potatoes come into contact with solid medium and this contact causes hypertrophy of lenticels which are easily spoiled, but the present invention does not induce the hypertrophy of lenticels because seed potatoes are produced above the culture support plate without contacting the medium.
• the propagation of Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention was performed according to two steps: first cultivation for propagation, and second cultivation for propagation.
• Example 2-1 First Cultivation for Propagation of Bio-Tech Seed Potatoes
• First cultivation for propagation of Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention was performed with pot cultivation, hydroponics, or field cultivation.
• Example 2-1-1 Pot Cultivation of Bio-Tech Seed Potatoes
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes with a sprouted bud of 3 mm in length were sowed in a black pot (15 cm in diameter, 13 cm in height) filled with bedding soil at a ratio of one seed potato per pot, and 700 pots (140 pots per 3.3 m 2 ) were cultivated and irrigated once every two or three days. Pesticides and fungicides were sprayed three times every ten days.
• Seed potatoes began to emerge 14 days after sowing, grew slowly at the early stage and grew rapidly from 14 days after their emergence. Their growth rate was calculated from 50 individuals selected randomly, and the average value was as follows: 80 days after sowing, stem length was 45.2 cm, branch number was 2.9, and stem number was 2.9.
• the total wet weight of the aerial part was measured at 87.6 g per column, tuber number at 7.5 per column, and the weight of tubers at 132.2 g per column.
• Example 2- 1 -2 Hydroponics of Bio-Tech Seed Potatoes
• a general hydroponics method was used for the test in a high altitude cool region.
• a greenhouse was equipped with a cultivation bed (60 cm in width, 40 cm in height, 10 cm in length) that was made from Styrofoam with a gradient of 1/200.
• a film was laid on the inside of the cultivation bed, and then a pipe for supplying nutrient solutions was laid on the film with spray nozzles at intervals of 20 cm and connected to a nutrient solutions-supplying system.
• the cover of the cultivation bed was covered with Styrofoam having two rows of poles at intervals of 25 cm, and the nutrient solutions-supplying system was disinfected with formalin before cultivation.
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention were sowed in perlite and grown.
• the Bio-Tech seed potatoes with a length of 10 to 15 cm were pulled out carefully, and each of them was put in a hole of the bed cover at a depth of 7 to 10 cm, and then the bed cover was covered with a reflecting film and the seed potatoes were cultivated.
• the nutrient solution (pH 5.5) was prepared from major nutrients and minor nutrients.
• the major nutrient mixture was prepared by mixing KN0 3 , Ca(N0 3 ) 2 4H 2 0, KN0 3 , NH 4 P0 4 , and MgS0 4 7H 2 0 at the ratio of 8.7: 2: 4: 4: 2 (W/W/W/W) of N: P: K; Ca: Mg, and the minor nutrient mixture consisted of Fe-EDTA, MgS0 4 7H 2 0, H 3 BO 3 , ZnS0 4 7H 2 0, CuS0 4 7H 2 0, and (NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 0 24 4H 2 0. Pesticides and fungicides were sprayed six times every 10 days from the early stage of growth.
• the nutrient solution was supplied variously according to their growth stages comprising nutrition growth stage, tuber formation stage, and tuber hypertrophy stage at the concentration of EC 0.4 to 1.5.
• 40 days from the start of cultivation stems from the Bio-Tech seed potatoes were 43 cm in length.
• 92 days from the start of cultivation tubers were generated on the average of 31 per column, of which 9.3 were below 5 g, 18.1 were 5 to 20 g, and 3.6 were over 20 g, on average.
• Example 2-1-3 Cultivation of Bio-Tech Seed Potatoes in the Field
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention were sowed and cultivated in the field using the same method as the procedure for cultivation of general seed potatoes.
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes were cultivated in a field of 50x3.3 m , and complex fertilizer for potato (11-8-13) was provided at an amount of 100 kg per 10 acres and the field was mulched with black film.
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes of which buds having the length of 3 to 5 mm were sowed with 18 columns per 3.3 m 2 .
• the film mulching was punched to make perforations at intervals of 5 cm with the depth of 10 cm, and one Bio-Tech seed potato was put in each hole and then covered with soil to 5 cm in depth.
• stem length reached 10 cm in length, further soil covering around the stem and weeding work were executed. After sowing, sufficient water was supplied to the soil, and pesticides were sprayed every 10 days, and were further sprayed from the middle stage of growth to kill aphids and prevent an infestation. 30 days after sowing, the emergence rate of steins was over 95 %. 70 days after sowing, stem length was an average of 65 cm, and the average harvest was 10.2 kg per 3.3 m .
• Example 2-2 Second Cultivation for Propagation of Bio-Tech Seed Potatoes Seed potatoes obtained from Examples 2-1-1 to 2-1-3 were propagated once more in the field. 1,000 seed potatoes with a weight of 10 to 30 g were selected from seed potatoes from Example 2-1-1, 2-1-2, or 2-1-3 and each of three groups consisting of selected seed potatoes were sowed in a field of 50x3.3 m 2 . The same method to that of Example 2-1-3 was applied. The emergence rate of stems of each group was over 95 %. 80 days after sowing, stem length was an average of 68 to 75 cm, and branch number was 14 to 15, and accordingly, the second cultivation of Bio-Tech seed potatoes did not show a great difference to the first cultivation (Example 2-1-1, 2-1-2, or 2-1- 3). The average harvest was 11.8 to 13.2 kg per 3.3m 2 , and 80 % of harvested potatoes had a weight of 30 to 250 g.
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention exhibited a similar propagation rate to seed potatoes of the prior art, and accordingly, can be used as seed for propagating potatoes.
• Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention showed a similar propagation rate to propagation using pots. Therefore, a process for producing Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention can provide seed potatoes economically.
• the process for producing Bio-Tech seed potatoes of the present invention can provide mass quantities of germ- and disease-free seed potatoes with high quality at the step of tissue culture, and can lower the possibility of infection by viruses owing to shortening a propagation step in soil. And also, the process allows Bio-Tech seed potatoes to be directly sowed in the field. Therefore, the process of the present invention can reduce costs of production of seed potatoes.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
• Cell Biology (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
• Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19703735

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (2)

• 2000
  • 2000-12-28 KR KR1020000083442A patent/KR100361652B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2001
  • 2001-12-27 WO PCT/KR2001/002280 patent/WO2002052925A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2001-12-27 JP JP2002553891A patent/JP2004516838A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events