Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
  • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to thermoplastic compositions and more specifically to thermoplastic elastomer compositions comprising mixtures of polynorbornene and polyvinyl chloride.
• Polymers of relatively high molecular weight are in general incompatible with one another.
• the mixture has in general poor mechanical properties, such as rupture strength and elongation at break.
• a pair of polymers is rarely sufficiently compatible to form a mixture having mechanical properties which are as good as those of the one showing poorer performance.
• the resulting mixture can have an advantageous combination of properties, i.e., apart from good mechanical properties, it can also have other favourable characteristic features.
• compositions comprising a mixture of a thermoplastic crystalline polyolefin, polynorbornene and an amount of plasticiser for polynorbornene sufficient for reducing its glass-transition temperature down to the range of rubbers have advantageous properties. More specifically, this document discloses compositions comprising a mixture of 75 to 10 parts by weight of polyolefin, 25 to 90 parts by weight of polynorbornene and, per 100 parts by weight of polynorbornene, 30 to 400 parts by weight of plasticiser, said compositions being elastoplastic, i.e. they have elastomeric properties while, at the same time, they can be processed like thermoplastics.
• a portion of the plasticiser can be present, according to this technique, in the thermoplastic polyolefin phase.
• the plasticiser migrates to a large extent from the crystalline polyolefin phase towards the polynorbornene phase and becomes part of the latter.
• the plasticiser improves the thermoplasticity or application range of the composition.
• the U.S. Pat. No. A-4,203,884 likewise discloses compositions comprising a mixture of 10 to 90 parts by weight of crystalline polyolefin and 90 to 10 parts by weight of crosslinked polynorbornene dispersed in the form of small-sized particles, and plasticiser in an amount sufficient for reducing the glass-transition temperature of polynorbornene down to the range of rubbers.
• the crosslinking of polynorbornene improves the balance between the properties of the composition, in particular the rupture strength, the solvent stability and the high-temperature properties.
• compositions of this type are obtained by a dynamic vulcanisation process, according to which a mixture of polynorbornene, plasticiser, polyolefin, and crosslinking agents is kneaded at a temperature sufficient for crosslinking polynorbornene.
• thermoplastic polyolefins usable according to the U.S. Pat. No. A-4,203,884, polyethylene and polypropylene may be mentioned, the latter being preferred as shown by comparing the results illustrated by Tables 1 and 2 of the document cited. More specifically, this document teaches that compositions comprising 20 to 70 parts by weight of crosslinked polynorbornene, 80 to 30 parts by weight of polypropylene and a sufficient amount of plasticiser for polynorbornene have:
• thermoplastic elastomers based on crosslinked polynorbornene which have at least one of the following, preferably all of the following, properties:
• the present invention therefore first relates to a composition
• a composition comprising a mixture of about 20 to 70 parts by weight of polynorbornene, about 80 to 30 parts by weight of a polymer based on vinyl chloride and of at least one conventional plasticiser for polynorbornene and a polymer based on vinyl chloride in an amount sufficient for reducing the glass-transition temperature of polynorbornene down to the range of rubbers.
• a polymer based on vinyl chloride is understood to mean a polymer comprising at least 90 mol % of units derived from vinyl chloride and, where appropriate, up to 10 mol % of units derived from a monomer which is copolymerisable with vinyl chloride, such as, for example, vinyl acetate, or even a vinyl chloride polymer which has undergone a catalytic chlorination treatment which has given it a chlorine content which can amount to up to 72% by weight.
• polynorbornene is understood to mean an amorphous polymer or copolymer of bicyclo[2.2.1]-2-heptene and its substituted derivatives, such as described in the patent U.S. Pat. No. A-3,676,390.
• the third component of the composition according to the invention is a compound having the characteristic feature of being known at the same time as a plasticiser for polynorbornene and as a plasticiser for polymers based on vinyl chloride, this characteristic feature ensuring good compatibility between the two polymers.
• plasticisers of this type are diesters of phthalic acid and alcohols having 4 to 13 carbon atoms, such as dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dinonyl phthalate, didodecyl phthalate and isomers thereof.
• the conventional plasticiser for polynorbornene and the polymer based on vinyl chloride is in general used in an amount of at least approximately 15 parts by weight, preferably approximately 15 to 120 parts by weight, per 100 parts of the mixture of polynorbornene and the polymer based on vinyl chloride.
• the present invention secondly relates to a thermoplastic composition
• a thermoplastic composition comprising a mixture of about 20 to 70 parts by weight of crosslinked polynorbornene, about 80 to 30 parts by weight of a polymer based on vinyl chloride and of at least one conventional plasticiser for polynorbornene and the polymer based on vinyl chloride in an amount sufficient for reducing the glass-transition temperature of polynorbornene down to the range of rubbers.
• thermoplastic compositions according to the invention, the crosslinked plasticised polynorbornene is advantageously present in the form of small dispersed particles, which makes it possible to process and use the composition like any other thermoplastic material.
• any crosslinking system suited to the vulcanisation of diene rubber can be used for the crosslinking of polynorbornene in the thermoplastic compositions according to the invention.
• vulcanising agents can advantageously be used in combination with at least one vulcanisation activator or accelerator such as zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, benzothiazolesulphamide, tin chloride, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc phenylethyldithiocarbamate, tellurium ethyldithiocarbamate, chlorosulphonated polyethylene and the like.
• a vulcanisation activator or accelerator such as zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, benzothiazolesulphamide, tin chloride, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc phenylethyldithiocarbamate, tellurium ethyldithiocarbamate, chlorosulphonated polyethylene and the like.
• a vulcanisation activator or accelerator such as zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, benzothiazolesulphamide, tin chloride, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc phenylethyldithioc
• the constituents of the crosslinking system and especially the vulcanising agent are used in customary proportions familiar to one skilled in the art for achieving almost complete crosslinking of polynorbornene without however reducing its elasticity to the point where it is no longer rubber-like.
• the polynorbornene is preferably crosslinked up to the point where not more than 10%, preferably not more than 5%, of polynorbornene can be extracted with a solvent, such as boiling xylene, in which non-crosslinked polynorbornene is completely soluble.
• the polymer based on vinyl chloride and used in the compositions according to the present invention preferably has a viscosity index in 1% strength cyclohexanone solution at 20° C. between 50 and 100, measured according to the NF Standard T 51013. It can likewise contain in a manner known per se at least one stabiliser, at least one agent for trapping hydrochloric acid, such as a calcium salt, barium salt, zinc salt or tin salt, at least one agent for protection against ultraviolent radiation, and/or at least one flame retardant. It can also contain up to 10% by weight of a filler, such as titanium oxide, carbon black and the like. It can contain a secondary plasticiser in combination with the phthalic diester, such as epoxidised soya bean oil, or a chlorinated paraffin in an amount of at most 20% by weight.
• a secondary plasticiser in combination with the phthalic diester, such as epoxidised soya bean oil, or a chlorinated paraffin in an amount of at
• compositions according to the present invention can comprise:
• At least one second plasticiser for polynorbornene such as a heavy aromatic, naphthenic or paraffinic oil derived from petroleum, having a freezing point of less than 0° C. and a flashpoint above 180° C.
• the amount of the second plasticiser used depends evidently on the amount of plasticiser customary for polynorbornene and the polymer based on vinyl chloride already introduced into the composition. It is in general between 0 and 300 parts by weight per 100 parts of polynorbornene,
• At least one polymer miscible with the polymer based on vinyl chloride such as nitrile rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer comprising up to 50% by weight of acetate, an acrylic latex (according to the definition, composed of elastomer particles based on alkyl acrylate (for example butyl) and partially crosslinked and surrounded by a hard layer based on methyl polymethacrylate), and the like.
• This polymer can be present in a proportion of up to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polymer based on vinyl chloride.
• compositions according to the invention can be modified in an advantageous manner for the requirements of certain specific uses by adding conventional ingredients, such as:
• anti-degradation agents such as, for example, the zinc salt of mercaptobenzimidazole,
• processing aids such as aliphatic long-chain amines, salts of stearic acid and the like,
• fillers in powder form such as carbon black, silica, kaolin, alumina, clay, aluminosilicate, talc, carbonate, and
• lubricants such as stearic acid.
• fillers in powder form has in particular the effect of improving the rupture strength and in certain cases the elongation at break of the thermoplastic composition according to the invention.
• the amount of filler which can be incorporated in the composition can reach up to 150 parts per 100 parts by weight of polynorbornene, this amount being of course variable according to the nature of the filler.
• thermoplastic compositions according to the invention in which the polynorbornene is crosslinked are preferably prepared by dynamic vulcanisation, i.e. by kneading a mixture of polynorbornene, a polymer based on vinyl chloride, plasticiser customary for these two polymers, ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a crosslinking system (as defined above) at a temperature sufficiently high and over a period sufficiently long for crosslinking the polynorbornene.
• the kneading can be carried out in a conventional apparatus, such as, for example, a Banbury kneader, a Brabender kneader, a Rheocord kneader or an extruder, at a temperature between about 110° and 220° C. for a period between about 3 and 15 minutes, this period being shorter the higher the temperature of the material.
• a Banbury kneader a Brabender kneader, a Rheocord kneader or an extruder
• the mixture can first be homogenised in an internal mixer at a moderate temperature between about 40° and 100° C.
• compositions according to the invention can be used for the manufacture of finished products and industrial articles by the extrusion, injection-moulding and compression-moulding techniques.
• Concrete applications of the compositions according to the invention comprise especially flexible tubes, seals for the construction and automobile industries, protective bellows for the automobile industry, injection-moulded articles, such as solid wheels for the toy industry, and the like.
• polynorbornene marketed by the applicant company under the name NORSOREX® is formulated together with plasticiser 2 (naphthenic petroleum oil of flashpoint 195° C. marketed by TEXACO under the name DEALEN RD 25), dioctyl phthalate, a lubricant (stearic acid), an antioxidant (marketed by CIBA-GEIGY under the name IRGANOX 1010), a powdered filler (calcined kaolin), a vulcanising agent (equimolar mixture of dithiodimorpholine and tetramethylthiuram disulphide), a stabiliser (marketed by BAYER under the name VULKALENT E) and a vulcanisation accelerator (mixture of zinc oxide, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc phenyldithiocarbamate and tellurium ethyldithiocarbamate in the weight ratios 3/2/0.5/1) in a PA
• the formulated polynorbornene is mixed with the plasticised polyvinyl chloride in a MIELLI kneader rotating at 60 revolutions per minute and controlled at a temperature of 120° C. for a period of 8 minutes. The resulting composition is removed and compression-moulded into plates of 2.5 mm, on which the following properties are measured:
• Example 3 The negative swelling ratio by volume observed in Example 3 means that the oil ASTM 3 has extracted a portion of the plasticiser of the composition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

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Cited By (16)

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Citations (5)

• 1989
  • 1989-11-08 FR FR8914680A patent/FR2654109B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1990
  • 1990-11-06 WO PCT/FR1990/000794 patent/WO1991007464A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 1990-11-06 KR KR1019910700716A patent/KR0161507B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-11-06 JP JP2515385A patent/JPH04505346A/ja active Pending
  • 1990-11-06 CA CA002045401A patent/CA2045401C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-11-07 PT PT95822A patent/PT95822A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-11-07 DE DE69024918T patent/DE69024918T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-11-07 EP EP90403159A patent/EP0427624B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-11-07 AT AT90403159T patent/ATE133190T1/de active
• 1991
  • 1991-09-09 US US07/720,440 patent/US5312856A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (5)

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