Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/08—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the prostate
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

• the invention concerns certain novel quinazoline derivatives, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, which possess anti-tumour activity and are accordingly useful in methods of treatment of the human or animal body.
• the invention also concerns processes for the manufacture of said quinazoline derivatives, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in therapeutic methods, for example in the manufacture of medicaments for use in the prevention or treatment of solid tumour disease in a warm-blooded animal such as man.
• Eukaryotic cells are continually responding to many diverse extracellular signals that enable communication between cells within an organism. These signals regulate a wide variety of physical responses in the cell including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and motility.
• the extracellular signals take the form of a diverse variety of soluble factors including growth factors as well as paracrine and endocrine factors.
• these ligands By binding to specific transmembrane receptors, these ligands integrate the extracellular signal to the intracellular signalling pathways, therefore transducing the signal across the plasma membrane and allowing the individual cell to respond to its extracellular signals. Many of these signal transduction processes utilise the reversible process of the phosphorylation of proteins that are involved in the promotion of these diverse cellular responses.
• the phosphorylation status of target proteins is regulated by specific kinases and phosphatases that are responsible for the regulation of about one third of all proteins encoded by the mammalian genome.
• phosphorylation is such an important regulatory mechanism in the signal transduction process, it is therefore not surprising that aberrations in these intracellular pathways result in abnormal cell growth and differentiation and so promote cellular transformation (reviewed in Cohen et al, Curr Opin Chem Biol, 1999, 3, 459-465).
• tyrosine kinases are mutated to constitutively active forms and/or when over-expressed result in the transformation of a variety of human cells. These mutated and over-expressed forms of the kinase are present in a large proportion of human tumours (reviewed in Kolibaba et al, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1997, 133, F217-F248).
• tyrosine kinases play fundamental roles in the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of tissues, much focus has centred on these enzymes in the development of novel anti-cancer therapies.
• This family of enzymes is divided into two groups—receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases e.g. EGF Receptors and the SRC family respectively. From the results of a large number of studies including the Human Genome Project, about 90 tyrosine kinase have been identified in the human genome, of this 58 are of the receptor type and 32 are of the non-receptor type. These can be compartmentalised in to receptor tyrosine kinase and 10 non-receptor tyrosine kinase sub-families (Robinson et al, Oncogene, 2000, 19, 5548-5557).
• the receptor tyrosine kinases are of particular importance in the transmission of mitogenic signals that initiate cellular replication. These large glycoproteins, which span the plasma membrane of the cell possess an extracellular binding domain for their specific ligands (such as Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) for the EGF Receptor). Binding of ligand results in the activation of the receptor's kinase enzymatic activity that is encoded by the intracellular portion of the receptor. This activity phosphorylates key tyrosine amino acids in target proteins, resulting in the transduction of proliferative signals across the plasma membrane of the cell.
• EGF Epidermal Growth Factor
• erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases which include EGFR, erbB2, erbB3 and erbB4, are frequently involved in driving the proliferation and survival of tumour cells (reviewed in Olayioye et al., EMBO J., 2000, 19, 3159).
• One mechanism in which this can be accomplished is by overexpression of the receptor at the protein level, generally as a result of gene amplification. This has been observed in many common human cancers (reviewed in Klapper et al., Adv. Cancer Res., 2000, 77, 25) such as breast cancer (Sainsbury et al., Brit. J.
• NSCLCs non-small cell lung cancers
• adenocarcinomas Cerny et al., Brit. J. Cancer, 1986, 54, 265; Reubi et al., Int. J. Cancer. 1990, 45, 269; Rusch et al., Cancer Research, 1993, 53, 2379; Brabender et al, Clin.
• ovarian Hellstrom et al., Cancer Res., 2001, 61, 2420
• head and neck Shiga et al., Head Neck, 2000, 22, 599
• pancreatic cancer Ovotny et al., Neoplasma, 2001, 48, 188.
• tumour cell lines overexpress one or more of the erbB receptors and that EGFR or erbB2 when transfected into non-tumour cells have the ability to transform these cells.
• This tumourigenic potential has been further verified as transgenic mice that overexpress erbB2 spontaneously develop tumours in the mammary gland.
• anti-proliferative effects can be induced by knocking out one or more erbB activities by small molecule inhibitors, dominant negatives or inhibitory antibodies (reviewed in Mendelsohn et al., Oncogene, 2000, 19, 6550).
• inhibitors of these receptor tyrosine kinases should be of value as a selective inhibitor of the proliferation of mammalian cancer cells (Yaish et al. Science, 1988, 242, 933, Kolibaba et al, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1997, 133, F217-F248; Al-Obeidi et al, 2000 , Oncogene, 19, 5690-5701; Mendelsohn et al, 2000 , Oncogene, 19, 6550-6565).
• Amplification and/or activity of members of the erbB type receptor tyrosine kinases have been detected and so have been implicated to play a role in a number of non-malignant proliferative disorders such as psoriasis (Ben-Bassat, Curr. Pharm. Des., 2000, 6, 933; Elder et al., Science, 1989, 243, 811), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Kumar et al., Int. Urol. Nephrol., 2000, 32, 73), atherosclerosis and restenosis (Bokemeyer et al., Kidney Int., 2000, 58, 549). It is therefore expected that inhibitors of erbB type receptor tyrosine kinases will be useful in the treatment of these and other non-malignant disorders of excessive cellular proliferation.
• European patent application EP 566 226 discloses certain 4-anilinoquinazolines that are receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
• European patent application EP 837 063 discloses aryl substituted 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives carrying moiety containing an aryl or heteroaryl group at the 6- or 7-position on the quinazoline ring. The compounds are stated to be useful for treating hyperproliferative disorders.
• WO 00/55141 discloses 6,7-substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline compounds characterised in that the substituents at the 6- and/or 7-position carry an ester linked moiety (RO—CO).
• WO 00/56720 discloses 6,7-dialkoxy-4-anilinoquinazoline compounds for the treatment of cancer or allergic reactions.
• WO 02/41882 discloses 4-anilinoquinazoline compounds substituted at the 6- and/or 7-position by a substituted pyrrolidinyl-alkoxy or piperidinyl-alkoxy group.
• the compounds of the present invention possess potent inhibitory activity against the erbB receptor tyrosine kinase family, for example by inhibition of EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases, whilst possessing less potent inhibitory activity against other kinases. Furthermore, certain compounds of the present invention possess substantially better potency against the EGFR over that of the erbB2 tyrosine kinase. The invention also includes compounds that are active against all or a combination of EGFR, erbB2 and erbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases, thus potentially providing treatments for conditions mediated by one or more of these receptor tyrosine kinases.
• the compounds of the present invention exhibit favourable physical properties such as a high solubility whilst retaining high antiproliferative activity. Furthermore, many of the compounds according to the present invention are inactive or only weakly active in a hERG assay.
• alkyl includes both straight-chain and branched-chain alkyl groups such as propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl, and (3-7C)cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.
• references to individual alkyl groups such as “propyl” are specific for the straight-chain version only
• references to individual branched-chain alkyl groups such as “isopropyl” are specific for the branched-chain version only
• references to individual cycloalkyl groups such as “cyclopentyl” are specific for that 5-membered ring only.
• (1-6C)alkoxy includes methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyloxy and cyclopentyloxy
• (1-6C)alkylamino includes methylamino, ethylamino, cyclobutylamino and cyclohexylamino
• di-[(1-6Calkyl]amino includes dimethylamino, diethylamino, N -cyclobutyl- N -methylamino and N -cyclohexyl- N -ethylamino.
• optically active forms may be carried out by standard techniques of organic chemistry well known in the art, for example by synthesis from optically active starting materials or by resolution of a racemic form. Similarly, the above-mentioned activity may be evaluated using the standard laboratory techniques referred to hereinafter.
• the invention relates to all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the Formula I that possess antiproliferative activity.
• Suitable values for the generic radicals referred to above include those set out below.
• a suitable value for Q 1 when it is (3-7C)cycloalkyl is, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl.
• Q 1 or Q 2 When Q 1 or Q 2 is heterocyclyl it is a non-aromatic saturated (i.e. with the maximum degree of saturation) or partially saturated (i.e. ring systems retaining some, but not the full, degree of unsaturation) 3 to 10 membered monocyclic ring with up to five heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur (but not containing any O—O, O—S or S—S bonds), and linked via a ring carbon atom, or a ring nitrogen atom (provided the ring is not thereby quaternised).
• Suitable values for Q 1 or Q 2 include for example, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, oxepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydro-1,4-thiazinyl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydro-1,4-thiazinyl, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, dihydropyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, thiomorpholinyl, more specifically including for example, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, te
• a nitrogen or sulfur atom within a heterocyclyl group may be oxidized to give the corresponding N or S oxide(s), for example 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothienyl, 1-oxotetrahydrothienyl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothiopyranyl or 1-oxotetrahydrothiopyranyl.
• a suitable value for such a group which bears 1 or 2 oxo or thioxo substituents is, for example, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-thioxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidinyl or 2,6-dioxopiperidinyl.
• Q 1 and Q 2 include, for example, non-aromatic saturated or partially saturated 3 to 7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl rings with 1 ring nitrogen or sulfur heteroatom and optionally 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
• rings include azetidinyl, oxazepanyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydro-1,4-thiazinyl, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, dihydropyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl or thiomorpholinyl.
• Q 1 include, for example, non-aromatic saturated or partially saturated 3 to 7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl rings with 1 ring nitrogen heteroatom and optionally 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and sulfur, which rings are linked to X 2 —O by a ring carbon atom, such as, for example, azetidinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-1,4-thiazinyl, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, dihydropyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl or thiomorpholinyl.
• azetidinyl pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-1,4-thiazinyl
• piperidinyl homo
• Q 1 is a non-aromatic saturated or partially saturated 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl ring with 1 or 2 ring nitrogen heteroatom(s), which ring is linked to the group X 2 —O— by a ring carbon atom, more particularly pyrrolidin-3-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, 3-pyrrolin-3-yl-, piperidin-4-yl, piperidin-3-yl, piperidin-2-yl, homopiperidin-3-yl, homopiperidin-4-yl, piperazin-2-yl, piperazin-3-yl, or 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl.
• a nitrogen atom within a heterocyclyl group may be oxidized to give the corresponding N oxide.
• Q 2 include, for example, morpholino, or 4, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl rings containing 1 nitrogen atom and optionally 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and sulfur such as piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, particularly pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, piperazin-1-yl or piperidino.
• the ring is a saturated or partially saturated non-aromatic heterocyclyl ring containing 1 nitrogen and optionally 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen (but not containing any O—O, O—S or S—S bonds), and wherein the ring so formed is linked via a ring nitrogen atom to the group to which the ring is attached.
• the ring may optionally bear 1 or 2 substituents on an available ring carbon atom as hereinbefore defined (for example selected from (1-4C)alkyl), and may optionally bear on any available ring nitrogen a substituent (provided the ring is not thereby quaternised) as hereinbefore defined (for example selected from (1-4C)alkyl, (2-4C)alkanoyl and (1-4C)alkylsulfonyl).
• Suitable values for R a and R b together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4, 5 or 6 membered ring include, for example, 2-pyrrolin-1-yl, 3-pyrrolin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidino, piperazin-1-yl and morpholino.
• Suitable values for any of the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 4 , R a , R b , G 1 , G 2 or for various groups within Q 1 as defined hereinbefore or hereafter in this specification include:— for halogeno fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo; for (1-6C)alkyl: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, pentyl and hexyl; for (1-4C)alkyl: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl; for (1-6C)alkoxy: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy and butoxy; for (2-8C)alkenyl: vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl and but-2-enyl; for (2-8C)alkynyl: ethynyl, 2-propynyl and
• a suitable value for a (1-3C)alkylenedioxy group which may be present as a substituent on the ring formed by R a and R b together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached is, for example, methylenedioxy, ethylidenedioxy, isopropylidenedioxy or ethylenedioxy and the oxygen atoms thereof occupy adjacent ring positions.
• R a and R b together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a pyrrolidin-1-yl ring the ring may substituted with a methylenedioxy group to give a 3,4-methylenedioxypyrrolidin-1-yl group.
• a (1-6C)alkyl, (2-8C)alkenyl, (2-8C)alkynyl or (2-6C)alkanoyl group within Q 1 may be substituted by, for example, a group such as hydroxy, (2-8C)alkenyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyloxy or NR a R b , wherein R a and R b are as hereinbefore defined.
• the acetyl group may itself be substituted with a di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino group to form for example a di-methylaminoacetyl or N-methyl-N-ethylamino-acetyl group on Q 1 , or an acetyl group may be substituted with a (2-8C)alkenyl group to give an alkenoyl group, for example an acetyl group substituted by an allyl group to give but-3-enoyl.
• a di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino group to form for example a di-methylaminoacetyl or N-methyl-N-ethylamino-acetyl group on Q 1
• an acetyl group may be substituted with a (2-8C)alkenyl group to give an alkenoyl group, for example an acetyl group substituted by an allyl group to give but-3-enoyl.
• the (1-6C)alkyl group may be substituted with, for example, a dimethylamino group to give a dimethylamino-(1-6C)alkyl sulfonyl group such as 3-(dimethylamino)propylsulfonyl.
• the methyl group when Q l is substituted by a N -methylcarbamoyl group, the methyl group may, for example be substituted by a (2-6C)alkenyl or (2-6C)alkynyl group to give, for example a N -allylcarbamoyl or N -(2-propynyl)carbamoyl group.
• R 1 is a group (1-6C)alkyl substituted by, for example amino to give for example a 2-aminoethyl group, it is the (1-6C)alkyl group that is attached to the group X 1 (or the quinazoline ring when X 1 is a direct bond).
• An analogous convention applies to the other groups defined herein.
• Q 1 is carries a (1-6C)alkyl group substituted by (1-6C)alkoxy to give a (1-6C)alkoxy(1-6C)alkyl substituent, it is the (1-6C)alkyl that is linked to Q 1 .
• any heterocyclyl group within the Q 1 -X 2 — group optionally bears 1 or 2 oxo ( ⁇ O) or thioxo ( ⁇ S) substituents”
• the oxo and/or thioxo groups may be present on any heterocyclyl group within Q 1 including heterocyclyl groups represented by Q 1 itself, by Q 2 and when R a and R b together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4, 5 or 6 memebered heterocyclyl ring.
• (1-4C)alkyl group refers to alkyl groups containing up to 4 carbon atoms.
• (1-6C)alkyl that contain up to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and tert-butyl.
• reference to a (1-3C)alkyl group refers to alkyl groups containing up to 3 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and isopropyl.
• a similar convention is adopted for the other groups listed above such as (1-4C)alkoxy, (2-4C)alkenyl, (2-4C)alkynyl and (2-4C)alkanoyl.
• a suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of a compound of the Formula I is, for example, an acid-addition salt of a compound of the Formula I, for example an acid-addition salt with an inorganic or organic acid such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, trifluoroacetic, citric or maleic acid; or, for example, a salt of a compound of the Formula I which is sufficiently acidic, for example an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt such as a calcium or magnesium salt, or an ammonium salt, or a salt with an organic base such as methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine or tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine.
• an acid-addition salt of a compound of the Formula I for example an acid-addition salt with an inorganic or organic acid such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, trifluoroacetic, citric or maleic acid
• novel compounds of the invention include, for example, quinazoline derivatives of the Formula I, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein, unless otherwise stated, each of m, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , Q 1 , Q 2 , X 1 , X 2 , m, G 1 and G 2 has any of the meanings defined hereinbefore or in paragraphs (a) to (qqq) hereinafter:—
• the group represented by formula A in paragraphs (kkk) to (ppp) above contains two chiral centres on the pyrrolidinyl ring.
• the present invention encompasses all stereoisomers of the group of formula A, for example the (2R,4R), (2S,4S), (2R,4S) and (2S,4R) isomers.
• Suitable values for Q 1 X 2 in this embodiment include, for example, 1-methyl pyrrolidin-3-yl, piperidin-4-yl, piperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-(2-methoxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl, 1-(2-methoxyethyl)piperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-cyanopiperidin-4-yl, 1-cyanopiperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-cyanomethylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-cyanomethylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-carbamoylmethylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-carbamoylmethylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl.
• Suitable values for Q 1 X 2 in this embodiment include, for example, piperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-(2-methoxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl, 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-cyanopiperidin-4-yl, 1-cyanomethylpiperidin-4-yl and 1-carbamoylmethylpiperidin-4-yl.
• a preferred compound of the invention is, for example, a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I selected from:
• Another preferred compound of the invention is, for example, a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I selected from:
• Another preferred compound of the invention is, for example, a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I selected from:
• a further aspect the present invention provides a process for preparing a quinazoline derivative of Formula I or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof. It will be appreciated that during certain of the following processes certain substituents may require protection to prevent their undesired reaction. The skilled chemist will appreciate when such protection is required, and how such protecting groups may be put in place, and later removed.
• protecting groups see one of the many general texts on the subject, for example, ‘Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis’ by Theodora Green (publisher: John Wiley & Sons).
• Protecting groups may be removed by any convenient method as described in the literature or known to the skilled chemist as appropriate for the removal of the protecting group in question, such methods being chosen so as to effect removal of the protecting group with minimum disturbance of groups elsewhere in the molecule.
• reactants include, for example, groups such as amino, carboxy or hydroxy it may be desirable to protect the group in some of the reactions mentioned herein.
• a suitable protecting group for an amino or alkylamino group is, for example, an acyl group, for example an alkanoyl group such as acetyl, an alkoxycarbonyl group, for example a methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl group, an arylmethoxycarbonyl group, for example benzyloxycarbonyl, or an aroyl group, for example benzoyl.
• the deprotection conditions for the above protecting groups necessarily vary with the choice of protecting group.
• an acyl group such as an alkanoyl or alkoxycarbonyl group or an aroyl group may be removed for example, by hydrolysis with a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• an acyl group such as a t-butoxycarbonyl group may be removed, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid as hydrochloric, sulfuric or phosphoric acid or trifluoroacetic acid and an arylmethoxycarbonyl group such as a benzyloxycarbonyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon, or by treatment with a Lewis acid for example boron tris(trifluoroacetate).
• a suitable alternative protecting group for a primary amino group is, for example, a phthaloyl group which may be removed by treatment with an alkylamine, for example dimethylaminopropylamine, or with hydrazine.
• a suitable protecting group for a hydroxy group is, for example, an acyl group, for example an alkanoyl group such as acetyl, an aroyl group, for example benzoyl, or an arylmethyl group, for example benzyl.
• the deprotection conditions for the above protecting groups will necessarily vary with the choice of protecting group.
• an acyl group such as an alkanoyl or an aroyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrolysis with a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium, sodium hydroxide or ammonia.
• a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium, sodium hydroxide or ammonia.
• an arylmethyl group such as a benzyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• a suitable protecting group for a carboxy group is, for example, an esterifying group, for example a methyl or an ethyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrolysis with a base such as sodium hydroxide, or for example a t-butyl group which may be removed, for example, by treatment with an acid, for example an organic acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, or for example a benzyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• a base such as sodium hydroxide
• a t-butyl group which may be removed, for example, by treatment with an acid, for example an organic acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, or for example a benzyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• Resins may also be used as a protecting group.
• the protecting groups may be removed at any convenient stage in the synthesis using conventional techniques well known in the chemical art.
• a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof may be prepared by any process known to be applicable to the preparation of chemically-related compounds. Such processes, when used to prepare a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, are provided as a further feature of the invention and are illustrated by the following representative examples. Necessary starting materials may be obtained by standard procedures of organic chemistry (see, for example, Advanced Organic Chemistry (Wiley-Interscience), Jerry March). The preparation of such starting materials is described within the accompanying non-limiting Examples. Alternatively, necessary starting materials are obtainable by analogous procedures to those illustrated which are within the ordinary skill of an organic chemist.
• the present invention also provides that quinazoline derivatives of the Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be prepared by a process (a) to (b) as follows (wherein the variables are as defined above unless otherwise stated):
• Process (a) By reacting a compound of the Formula II: wherein R 1 , X 1 , G 1 and G 2 have any of the meanings defined hereinbefore except that any functional group is protected if necessary, with a compound of the Formula III: Q 1 -X 2 -Lg Formula III wherein Q 1 , X 2 have any of the meanings defined hereinbefore except that any functional group is protected if necessary and Lg is a displaceable group, wherein the reaction is conveniently performed in the presence of a suitable base,
• a convenient displaceable group Lg is, for example, a halogeno, alkanesulfonyloxy or arylsulfonyloxy group, for example a chloro, bromo, methanesulfonyloxy, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy or toluenesulfonyloxy group (suitably a methanesulfonyloxy, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy or toluene-4-sulfonyloxy group).
• a halogeno, alkanesulfonyloxy or arylsulfonyloxy group for example a chloro, bromo, methanesulfonyloxy, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy or toluenesulfonyloxy group (suitably a methanesulfonyloxy, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy or toluene-4-sulf
• a suitable base is, for example, an organic amine base such as, for example, pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, collidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, triethylamine, N -methylmorpholine or diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, or for example, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate or hydroxide, for example sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
• organic amine base such as, for example, pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, collidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, triethylamine, N -methylmorpholine or diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene
• an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate or hydroxide for example sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
• such a base is, for example, an alkali metal hydride, for example sodium hydride, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide, for example sodium amide or sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, or a sufficiently basic alkali metal halide, for example cesium fluoride or sodium iodide.
• an alkali metal hydride for example sodium hydride
• an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide for example sodium amide or sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
• a sufficiently basic alkali metal halide for example cesium fluoride or sodium iodide.
• the reaction is suitably effected in the presence of an inert solvent or diluent, for example an alkanol or ester such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol or ethyl acetate, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, trichloromethane or carbon tetrachloride, an ether such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxan, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene, or (suitably) a dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylformamide, N , N -dimethylacetamide, N -methylpyrrolidin-2-one or dimethylsulfoxide.
• an inert solvent or diluent for example an alkanol or ester such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol or ethyl acetate, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, trichloromethan
• a particularly suitable base is cesium fluoride.
• This reaction is suitably performed in an inert dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylacetamide or N , N -dimethylformamide.
• the reaction is suitably carried out at a temperature of from 25 to 85° C.
• an alkylthio group may be oxidised to an alkylsulfinyl or alkylsulfonyl group, a cyano group reduced to an amino group, a nitro group reduced to an amino group, a hydroxy group alkylated to a methoxy group, a carbonyl group converted to a thiocarbonyl group (eg.
• an amino group may be acylated to give an alkanoylamino group (for example by reaction with a suitable acid chloride or acid anhydride) or an alkanoyloxy group may be hydrolysed to a hydroxy group (for example an acetyloxyacetyl group may be converted to a hydroxyacetyl group)
• one R 1 group may be converted into another R 1 group as a final step in the preparation of a compound of the Formula I. It is also possible to introduce a substituent onto the group Q 1 as a final step in the preparation of a compound of the Formula I.
• a substituent may be added to the nitrogen atom of the primary or secondary amino group by reacting the compound of the Formula I containing a primary or secondary amino group with a compound of the formula R-Lg, wherein Lg is a displaceable group (for example halogeno such as chloro or bromo) and R is the required substituent (for example (1-6C)alkyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl, cyano, cyano(1-6C)alkyl, (1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, N -(1-6C)alkylcarbamoyl, N , N -di-[(1-6C)alkyl]carbamoyl, carbamoyl(1-6C)alkyl, N -(1-6C)alkylcarbamoyl(1-6C)alkyl, N , N -di
• the reactions described above are conveniently performed in the presence of a suitable base (such as those described above in process (a), for example potassium carbonate, sodium iodide or di-isopropylethylamine) and conveniently in the presence of an inert solvent or diluent (for example the inert solvents and diluents described in process (a) such as N , N -dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol or methylene chloride).
• a suitable base such as those described above in process (a)
• an inert solvent or diluent for example the inert solvents and diluents described in process (a) such as N , N -dimethylacetamide, methanol, ethanol or methylene chloride.
• the NR a R b group may be introduced by reaction of a compound of the Formula I wherein Q 1 carries a group of the formula Lg-(2-6C)alkanoyl or Lg-(1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, wherein Lg is a suitable displaceable group such as chloro, with a compound of the formula NHR a R b ; wherein the reaction is conveniently performed in the presence of a suitable base and optionally in a suitable inert solvent or diluent.
• a pyrrolidin-1-ylacetyl group on Q 1 may be prepared by reacting a compound of the Formula I wherein Q 1 is substituted by a chloroacetyl group with pyrrolidine, analogous procedures may be used to prepare substituents on Q 1 such as morpholinoacetyl, N-methylaminoacetyl, N , N -dimethylaminoacetyl.
• substituents on Q 1 such as morpholinoacetyl, N-methylaminoacetyl, N , N -dimethylaminoacetyl.
• a 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propylsulfonyl substituent on Q 1 may be prepared by reacting a compound of the Formula I wherein Q 1 carries a 3-chloropropylsulfonyl substituent with di-methylamine.
• Suitable methods for removal of protecting groups are well known and are discussed herein. For example for the production of those compounds of the Formula I wherein Q 1 or R 1 contains a primary or secondary amino group, the cleavage of the corresponding compound of Formula I wherein Q 1 or R 1 contains a protected primary or secondary amino group.
• Suitable protecting groups for an amino group are, for example, any of the protecting groups disclosed hereinbefore for an amino group. Suitable methods for the cleavage of such amino protecting groups are also disclosed hereinbefore.
• a suitable protecting group is a lower alkoxycarbonyl group such as a tert-butoxycarbonyl group which may be cleaved under conventional reaction conditions such as under acid-catalysed hydrolysis, for example in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid.
• Suitable Mitsunobu conditions include, for example, reaction in the presence of a suitable tertiary phosphine and a di-alkylazodicarboxylate in an organic solvent such as THF, or suitably dichloromethane and in the temperature range 0° C.-60° C., but suitably at ambient temperature.
• a suitable tertiary phosphine includes for example tri-n-butylphosphine or suitably tri-phenylphosphine.
• a suitable di-alkylazodicarboxylate includes for example diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) or suitably di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate. Details of Mitsunobu reactions are contained in Tet.
• the cleavage reaction may conveniently be carried out by any of the many procedures known for such a transformation.
• the cleavage reaction of a compound of the Formula I wherein R 1 is a (1-6C)alkoxy group may be carried out, for example, by treatment of the quinazoline derivative with an alkali metal (1-6C)alkylsulfide such as sodium ethanethiolate or, for example, by treatment with an alkali metal diarylphosphide such as lithium diphenylphosphide.
• the cleavage reaction may conveniently be carried out, for example, by treatment of the quinazoline derivative with a boron or aluminium trihalide such as boron tribromide or by reaction with an organic or inorganic acid, for example trifluoroacetic acid. Such reactions are suitably carried out in the presence of a suitable inert solvent or diluent as defined hereinbefore.
• a preferred cleavage reaction is the treatment of a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I with pyridine hydrochloride.
• the cleavage reactions are suitably carried out at a temperature in the range, for example, of from 10 to 150° C., for example from 25 to 80° C.
• a suitable alkylating agent is, for example, any agent known in the art for the alkylation of hydroxy to alkoxy or substituted alkoxy, or for the alkylation of amino to alkylamino or substituted alkylamino, for example an alkyl or substituted alkyl halide, for example a (1-6C)alkyl chloride, bromide or iodide or a substituted (1-6C)alkyl chloride, bromide or iodide, conveniently in the presence of a suitable base as defined hereinbefore, in a suitable inert solvent or diluent as defined hereinbefore and at a temperature in the range, for example, 10 to 140° C., conveniently at or near ambient temperature.
• An analogous procedure may be used to introduce optionally substituted (2-6C)alkanoyloxy, (2-6C)alkanoylamino and (1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino groups into Q 1 or R 1 .
• a reductive amination reaction may be employed using formaldehyde or a (2-6C)alkanolaldehyde (for example acetaldehyde or propionaldehyde).
• formaldehyde for example acetaldehyde or propionaldehyde
• the corresponding compound containing a N—H group may be reacted with formaldehyde in the presence of a suitable reducing agent.
• a suitable reducing agent is, for example, a hydride reducing agent, for example formic acid, an alkali metal aluminium hydride such as lithium aluminium hydride, or, suitably, an alkali metal borohydride such as sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium triethylborohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and sodium triacetoxyborohydride.
• a hydride reducing agent for example formic acid, an alkali metal aluminium hydride such as lithium aluminium hydride, or, suitably, an alkali metal borohydride such as sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium triethylborohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and sodium triacetoxyborohydride.
• the reaction is conveniently performed in a suitable inert solvent or diluent, for example tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether for the more powerful reducing agents such as lithium aluminium hydride, and, for example, methylene chloride or a protic solvent such as methanol and ethanol for the less powerful reducing agents such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride and sodium cyanoborohydride.
• a suitable inert solvent or diluent for example tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether for the more powerful reducing agents such as lithium aluminium hydride, and, for example, methylene chloride or a protic solvent such as methanol and ethanol for the less powerful reducing agents such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride and sodium cyanoborohydride.
• the reducing agent is formic acid
• the reaction is conveniently carried out using an aqueous solution of the formic acid.
• the reaction is performed at a temperature in the range, for example, 10 to 100° C
• protecting groups such as tert-butoxycarbonyl on the NH group to be alkylated (for example present from the synthesis of the starting material) may be removed in-situ during the reaction.
• T is selected from (1-6C)alkylamino, di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino, (2-6C)alkanoylamino, (1-6C)alkylthio, (1-6C)alkylsulfinyl and (1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, the reaction of a compound of the formula V: wherein Q 1 , X 1 , X 2 , R 1 , G 1 and G 2 have any of the meanings defined hereinbefore except that any functional group is protected if necessary and Lg is a displaceable group (for example chloro or bromo) with a compound of the formula TH, wherein T is as defined above except that any functional group is protected if necessary;
• aromatic substitution reactions include the introduction of a nitro group using concentrated nitric acid, the introduction of an acyl group using, for example, an acyl halide and Lewis acid (such as aluminium trichloride) under Priedel Crafts conditions; the introduction of an alkyl group using an alkyl halide and Lewis acid (such as aluminium trichloride) under Friedel Crafts conditions; and the introduction of a halogeno group.
• Suitable displaceable groups represented by Lg are as hereinbefore defined, in particular halogeno such as chloro.
• the reaction is conveniently carried out in the presence of a suitable inert solvent or diluent, for example an alcohol or ester such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or ethyl acetate, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride, an ether such as tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, an aromatic solvent such as toluene, or a dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylformamide, N , N -dimethylacetamide, N -methylpyrrolidin-2-one acetonitrile or dimethylsulfoxide.
• a suitable inert solvent or diluent for example an alcohol or ester such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or ethyl acetate, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachlor
• reaction is conveniently carried out at a temperature in the range, for example, 10 to 250° C., conveniently in the range 40 to 120° C. or where a solvent or diluent is used at the reflux temperature.
• the compound of formula VI may is reacted with a compound of the formula VII in the presence of a protic solvent such as isopropanol, conveniently in the presence of an acid, for example hydrogen chloride gas in diethyl ether or dioxane, or hydrochloric acid, for example a 4M solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane, under the conditions described above.
• a protic solvent such as isopropanol
• an acid for example hydrogen chloride gas in diethyl ether or dioxane
• hydrochloric acid for example a 4M solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane
• this reaction may be conveniently carried out in an aprotic solvent, such as dioxane or a dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylacetamide or acetonitrile in the presence of an acid, for example hydrogen chloride gas in diethyl ether or dioxane, or hydrochloric acid.
• an acid for example hydrogen chloride gas in diethyl ether or dioxane, or hydrochloric acid.
• the compound of the formula VI, wherein Lg is halogeno may be reacted with a compound of the formula VII in the absence of an acid.
• displacement of the halogeno leaving group Lg results in the formation of the acid HLg in-situ and auto-catalysis of the reaction.
• the reaction is carried out in a suitable inert organic solvent, for example isopropanol, dioxane or N , N -dimethylacetamide. Suitable conditions for this reaction are as described above.
• the compound of formula VI may be reacted with a compound of the formula VII in the presence of a suitable base.
• suitable bases for this reaction are as hereinbefore defined under Process (a). This reaction is conveniently performed in an inert solvent or diluent, for example those mentioned above in relation to this process (i);
• the coupling reaction is conveniently carried out in the presence of a suitable coupling agent, such as a carbodiimide (for example 1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide), or a suitable peptide coupling agent, for example O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (HATU).
• a suitable coupling agent such as a carbodiimide (for example 1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide), or a suitable peptide coupling agent, for example O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (HATU).
• a suitable coupling agent such as a carbodiimide (for example 1-[3-(
• the coupling reaction is conveniently carried out in an inert solvent such as, for example, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, or a dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylformamide, N , N -dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.
• an inert solvent such as, for example, a halogenated solvent such as methylene chloride, or a dipolar aprotic solvent such as N , N -dimethylformamide, N , N -dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.
• a suitable base such as an organic amine, for example di-isopropylethylamine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
• the coupling reaction is suitable performed at ⁇ 25° C. to 150° C., conveniently at ambient temperature.
• a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt of a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I may be obtained by, for example, reaction of said quinazoline derivative with a suitable acid using a conventional procedure.
• the compound may be prepared in the form of a salt that is not a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
• the resulting salt can then be modified by conventional techniques to give a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound.
• Such techniques include, for example ion exchange techniques or re-precipitation of the compound in the presence of a pharmaceutically acceptable counter ion. For example re-precipitation in the presence of a suitable acid such as HCl to give a hydrochloride acid addition salt.
• some of the compounds according to the present invention may contain one of more chiral centers and may therefore exist as stereoisomers (for example when Q 1 contains a pyrrolidin-3-yl group).
• Stereoisomers may be separated using conventional techniques, e.g. chromatography or fractional crystallisation.
• the enantiomers may be isolated by separation of a racemate for example by fractional crystallisation, resolution or HPLC.
• the diastereomers may be isolated by separation by virtue of the different physical properties of the diastereoisomers, for example, by fractional crystallisation, HPLC or flash chromatography.
• stereoisomers may be made by chiral synthesis from chiral starting materials under conditions which will not cause racemisation or epimerisation, or by derivatisation, with a chiral reagent. Examples of suitable chiral synthesis and separation of isomers are described in the Examples. When a specific stereoisomer is isolated it is suitably isolated substantially free for other stereoisomers, for example containing less than 20%, particularly less than 10% and more particularly less than 5% by weight of other stereoisomers.
• inert solvent refers to a solvent which does not react with the starting materials, reagents, intermediates or products in a manner which adversely affects the yield of the desired product.
• reaction may be carried out in one of the above inert solvents conveniently in the presence of a base, for example potassium carbonate.
• a base for example potassium carbonate.
• the above reactions are conveniently carried out at a temperature in the range, for example, 0 to 150° C., suitably at or near the reflux temperature of the reaction solvent.
• Reaction Scheme 2 may be generalised by the skilled man to apply to compounds within the present specification which are not specifically illustrated (for example to introduce a substituent other than methoxy at the 7-position in the quinazoline ring).
• Compounds of the formula V may be prepared using, for example process (a) or process (d) in which the group represented by R 1 is appropriately functionalised with a suitable displaceable group Lg such as chloro or bromo.
• the compound of the formula X may then be coupled with a compound of the Formula III as hereinbefore defined using analogous conditions to those described in Process (a) or Process (d).
• the following assays may be used to measure the effects of the compounds of the present invention as inhibitors of the erb-tyrosine kinases, as inhibitors in-vitro of the proliferation of KB cells (human naso-pharangeal carcinoma cells) and as inhibitors in vivo on the growth in nude mice of xenografts of LoVo tumour cells (colorectal adenocarcinoma).
• This test measures the ability of a test compound to inhibit the phosphorylation of a tyrosine containing polypeptide substrate by EGFR tyrosine kinase enzyme.
• Recombinant intracellular fragments of EGPR, erbB2 and erbB4 were cloned and expressed in the baculovirus/Sf21 system.
• Lysates were prepared from these cells by treatment with ice-cold lysis buffer (20 mM N-2-hydroxyethylpiperizine-N′2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol, 1% Triton X-100, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM ethylene glycol-bis( ⁇ -aminoethyl ether) N′,N′,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), plus protease inhibitors and then cleared by centrifugation.
• HEPES N-2-hydroxyethylpiperizine-N′2-ethanesulfonic acid
• EGTA ethylene glycol-bis( ⁇ -aminoethyl ether) N′,N′,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid
• Constitutive kinase activity of the recombinant protein was determined by its ability to phosphorylate a synthetic peptide (made up of a random co-polymer of Glutamic Acid, Alanine and Tyrosine in the ratio of 6:3:1). Specifically, MaxisorbTM 96-well immunoplates were coated with synthetic peptide (0.2 ⁇ g of peptide in a 100 ⁇ l phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and incubated at 4° C. overnight). Plates were washed in PBS-T (phosphate buffered saline with 0.5% Tween 20) then in 50 mM HEPES pH 7.4 at room temperature to remove any excess unbound synthetic peptide.
• PBS-T phosphate buffered saline with 0.5% Tween 20
• EGFR, ErbB2 or ErbB4 tyrosine kinase activity was assessed by incubation in peptide coated plates for 20 minutes at 22° C. in 100 mM HEPES pH 7.4, adenosine trisphosphate (ATP) at Km concentration for the respective enzyme, 10 mM MnCl 2 , 0.1 mM Na 3 VO 4 , 0.2 mM DL-dithiothreitol (DTT), 0.1% Triton X-100 with test compound in DMSO (final concentration of 2.5%). Reactions were terminated by the removal of the liquid components of the assay followed by washing of the plates with PBS-T.
• ATP adenosine trisphosphate
• the immobilised phospho-peptide product of the reaction was detected by immunological methods. Firstly, plates were incubated for 90 minutes at room temperature with anti-phosphotyrosine primary antibodies that were raised in the mouse (4G10 from Upstate Biotechnology). Following extensive washing, plates were treated with Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (NXA931 from Amersham) for 60 minutes at room temperature. After further washing, HRP activity in each well of the plate was measured colorimetrically using 22′-Azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate (6)] diammonium salt crystals (ABTSTM from Roche) as a substrate.
• HRP Horseradish Peroxidase
• NXA931 horseradish Peroxidase conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody
• HRP activity in each well of the plate was measured colorimetrically using 22′-Azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline s
• This assay measures the ability of a test compound to inhibit the proliferation of KB cells (human naso-pharangeal carcinoma obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).
• KB cells human naso-pharangeal carcinoma obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).
• KB cells human naso-pharangeal carcinoma obtained from the ATCC were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% foetal calf serum, 2 mM glutamine and non-essential amino acids at 37° C. in a 7.5% CO 2 air incubator.
• DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
• EDTA Trypsin/ethylaminediaminetetraacetic acid
• Cell density was measured using a haemocytometer and viability was calculated using trypan blue solution before being seeded at a density of 1.25 ⁇ 10 3 cells per well of a 96 well plate in DMEM containing 2.5% charcoal stripped serum, 1 mM glutamine and non-essential amino acids at 37° C. in 7.5% CO 2 and allowed to settle for 4 hours.
• the cells are treated with or without EGF (final concentration of 1 ng/ml) and with or without compound at a range of concentrations in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (0.1% final) before incubation for 4 days.
• DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
• cell numbers were determined by addition of 50 ⁇ l 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (stock 5 mg/ml) for 2 hours.
• MTT solution was then tipped off, the plate gently tapped dry and the cells dissolved upon the addition of 100 ⁇ l of DMSO.
• IC 50 value Absorbance of the solubilised cells was read at 540 nm using a Molecular Devices ThermoMax microplate reader. Inhibition of proliferation was expressed as an IC 50 value. This was determined by calculation of the concentration of compound that was required to give 50% inhibition of proliferation. The range of proliferation was calculated from the positive (vehicle plus EGF) and negative (vehicle minus EGF) control values.
• This assay measures the ability of a test compound to inhibit heregulin ⁇ or EGF driven proliferation of H 16 N-2 cells.
• These non-neoplastic eptihelial cells respond in a proliferative manner to stimulation with either EGF or heregulin ⁇ (Ram, G. R. and Ethier, S. P. (1996) Cell Growth and Differentiation, 7, 551-561) were isolated human mammary tissue (Band, V. and Sager, R. Tumour progression in breast cancer. In: J. S. Rhim and A. Dritschilo (eds.), Neoplastic Transformation in human Cell Culture , pp 169-178. Clifton, N.J.: Humana Press, 1991) and were obtained from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, Mass. 02115.
• H16N-2 cells were routinely cultured in culture medium (a 1:1 mix of Gibco F12 and Ham's ⁇ MEM media containing 1% foetal calf serum, 10 mM HEPES, 1 ⁇ g/ml Insulin, 12.5 ng/ml EGF, 2.8 ⁇ M Hydrocortisone, 2 nM Estradiol 5 ⁇ M Ascorbic Acid, 10 ⁇ g/ml Transferrin, 0.1 mM Phosphoethanolamine, 15 nM Sodium Selenite, 2 mM Glutamine, 10 nM Tri-iodo-thrynoine, 35 ⁇ g/ml Bovine pituitary Extract and 0.1 mM Ethanolamine) at 37° C.
• culture medium a 1:1 mix of Gibco F12 and Ham's ⁇ MEM media containing 1% foetal calf serum, 10 mM HEPES, 1 ⁇ g/ml Insulin, 12.5 ng/ml EGF, 2.8 ⁇
• starvation medium a 1:1 mix of Gibco F12 and Ham's ⁇ MEM media containing, 10 mM HEPES, 2 nM Estradiol, 5 ⁇ M Ascorbic Acid, 10 ⁇ g/ml Transferrin, 0.1 mM Phosphoethanolamine, 15 nM Sodium Selenite, 2 mM Glutamine, and 0.1 mM Ethanolamine
• starvation medium a 1:1 mix of Gibco F12 and Ham's ⁇ MEM media containing, 10 mM HEPES, 2 nM Estradiol, 5 ⁇ M Ascorbic Acid, 10 ⁇ g/ml Transferrin, 0.1 mM Phosphoethanolamine, 15 nM Sodium Selenite, 2 mM Glutamine, and 0.1 mM Ethanolamine
• DMSO dimetyisulphoxide
• exogenous ligand at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml of heregulin, ⁇ or 5 ng/ml of EGF
• cell numbers were determined by removal of the media by aspiration and incubating with 50 ⁇ l of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (stock 5 mg/ml) for 2 hours.
• MT solution was then removed by aspiration, allowed to air dry and the cells dissolved upon the addition of 100 ⁇ l of DMSO.
• This assay measures the ability of a test compound to inhibit the growth of a LoVo tumour (colorectal adenocarcinoma obtained from the ATCC) in Female Swiss athymic mice (Alderley Park, nu/nu genotype).
• mice Female Swiss athymic (nu/nu genotype) mice were bred and maintained in Alderley Park in negative pressure Isolators (PFI Systems Ltd.). Mice were housed in a barrier facility with 12 hr light/dark cycles and provided with sterilised food and water ad libitum. All procedures were performed on mice of at least 8 weeks of age.
• LoVo tumour cell colonal adenocarcinoma obtained from the ATCC
• xenografts were established in the hind flank of donor mice by sub cutaneous injections of 1 ⁇ 10 7 freshly cultured cells in 100 ⁇ l of serum free media per animal.
• mice were randomised into groups of 7 prior to the treatment with compound or vehicle control that was administered once daily at 0.1 ml/10 g body weight.
• Tumour volume was assessed twice weekly by bilateral Vernier calliper measurement, using the formula (length ⁇ width) ⁇ square root ⁇ (length ⁇ width) ⁇ ( ⁇ /6), where length was the longest diameter across the tumour, and width was the corresponding perpendicular.
• Growth inhibition from start of study was calculated by comparison of the mean changes in tumour volume for the control and treated groups, and statistical significance between the two groups was evaluated using a Students t test.
• This assay determines the ability of a test compound to inhibit the tail current flowing through the human ether-a-go-go-related-gene (hERG)-encoded potassium channel.
• HEK cells expressing the hERG-encoded channel were grown in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (EMEM; Sigma-Aldrich catalogue number M2279), supplemented with 10% Foetal Calf Serum (abtech International; product number 4-101-500), 10% M1 serum-free supplement (Egg Technologies; product number 70916) and 0.4 mg/ml Geneticin G418 (Sigma-Aldrich; catalogue number G7034).
• EMEM Minimum Essential Medium Eagle
• abtech International product number 4-101-500
• M1 serum-free supplement Egg Technologies; product number 70916)
• Geneticin G418 Sigma-Aldrich; catalogue number G7034
• a glass coverslip containing the cells was placed at the bottom of a Perspex chamber containing bath solution (see below) at room temperature ( ⁇ 20° C.). This chamber was fixed to the stage of an inverted, phase-contrast microscope. Immediately after placing the coverslip in the chamber, bath solution was perfused into the chamber from a gravity-fed reservoir for 2 minutes at a rate of ⁇ 2 ml/min. After this time, perfusion was stopped.
• the pipette was connected to the headstage of the patch clamp amplifier (Axopatch 200B, Axon Instruments) via a silver/silver chloride wire.
• the headstage ground was connected to the earth electrode. This consisted of a silver/silver chloride wire embedded in 3% agar made up with 0.85% sodium chloride.
• the cell was recorded in the whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique. Following “break-in”, which was done at a holding potential of ⁇ 80 mV (set by the amplifier), and appropriate adjustment of series resistance and capacitance controls, electrophysiology software (Clampex, Axon Instruments) was used to set a holding potential ( ⁇ 80 mV) and to deliver a voltage protocol. This protocol was applied every 15 seconds and consisted of a 1 s step to +40 mV followed by a 1 s step to ⁇ 50 mV. The current response to each imposed voltage protocol was low pass filtered by the amplifier at 1 kHz. The filtered signal was then acquired, on line, by digitising this analogue signal from the amplifier with an analogue to digital converter.
• the digitised signal was then captured on a computer running Clampex software (Axon Instruments). During the holding potential and the step to +40 mV the current was sampled at 1 kHz. The sampling rate was then set to 5, kHz for the remainder of the voltage protocol.
• the amplitude of the hERG-encoded potassium channel tail current following the step from +40 mV to ⁇ 50 mV was recorded on-line by Clampex software (Axon Instruments). Following stabilisation of the tail current amplitude, bath solution containing the vehicle for the test substance was applied to the cell. Providing the vehicle application had no significant effect on tail current amplitude, a cumulative concentration effect curve to the compound was then constructed.
• the effect of each concentration of test compound was quantified by expressing the tail current amplitude in the presence of a given concentration of test compound as a percentage of that in the presence of vehicle.
• Test compound potency (IC 50 ) was determined by fitting the percentage inhibition values making up the concentration-effect to a four parameter Hill equation using a standard data-fitting package. If the level of inhibition seen at the highest concentration did not exceed 50%, no potency value was produced and a percentage inhibition value at that concentration was quoted.
• Test (c) No physiologically unacceptable toxicity was observed in Test (c) at the effective dose for compounds tested of the present invention. Accordingly no untoward toxicological effects are expected when a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore is administered at the dosage ranges defined hereinafter.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable thereof, as defined hereinbefore in association with a pharmaceutically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
• compositions of the invention may be in a form suitable for oral use (for example as tablets, lozenges, hard or soft capsules, aqueous or oily suspensions, emulsions, dispersible powders or granules, syrups or elixirs), for topical use (for example as creams, ointments, gels, or aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions), for administration by inhalation (for example as a finely divided powder or a liquid aerosol), for administration by insufflation (for example as a finely divided powder) or for parenteral administration (for example as a sterile aqueous or oily solution for intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intramuscular dosing or as a suppository for rectal dosing).
• oral use for example as tablets, lozenges, hard or soft capsules, aqueous or oily suspensions, emulsions, dispersible powders or granules, syrups or elixir
• compositions of the invention may be obtained by conventional procedures using conventional pharmaceutical excipients, well known in the art.
• compositions intended for oral use may contain, for example, one or more colouring, sweetening, flavouring and/or preservative agents.
• a formulation intended for oral administration to humans will generally contain, for example, from 0.5 mg to 0.5 g of active agent (more suitably from 0.5 to 100 mg, for example from 1 to 30 mg) compounded with an appropriate and convenient amount of excipients which may vary from about 5 to about 98 percent by weight of the total composition.
• the size of the dose for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes of a compound of the Formula I will naturally vary according to the nature and severity of the conditions, the age and sex of the animal or patient and the route of administration, according to well known principles of medicine.
• a daily dose in the range for example, 0.1 mg/kg to 75 mg/kg body weight is received, given if required in divided doses.
• a parenteral route is employed.
• a dose in the range for example, 0.1 mg/kg to 30 mg/kg body weight will generally be used.
• a dose in the range for example, 0.05 mg/kg to 25 mg/kg body weight will be used.
• Oral administration is however preferred, particularly in tablet form.
• unit dosage forms will contain about 0.5 mg to 0.5 g of a compound of this invention.
• the compounds of the present invention possess anti-proliferative properties such as anti-cancer properties that are believed to arise from their erbB family receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, particularly inhibition of the EGF receptor (erbB 1) tyrosine kinase. Furthermore, certain of the compounds according to the present invention possess substantially better potency against the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase, than against other tyrosine kinase enzymes, for example erbB2.
• Such compounds possess sufficient potency against the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase that they may be used in an amount sufficient to inhibit EGF receptor tyrosine kinase whilst demonstrating little, or significantly lower, activity against other tyrosine kinase enzymes such as erbB2.
• Such compounds are likely to be useful for the selective inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase and are likely to be useful for the effective treatment of, for example EGF driven tumours.
• the compounds of the present invention are expected to be useful in the treatment of diseases or medical conditions mediated alone or in part by erbB receptor tryosine kinases (especially EGF receptor tyrosine kinase), i.e. the compounds may be used to produce an erbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal in need of such treatment.
• the compounds of the present invention provide a method for the treatment of malignant cells characterised by inhibition of one or more of the erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases.
• the compounds of the invention may be used to produce an anti-proliferative and/or pro-apoptotic and/or anti-invasive effect mediated alone or in part by the inhibition of erbB receptor tyrosine kinases.
• the compounds of the present invention are expected to be useful in the prevention or treatment of those tumours that are sensitive to inhibition of one or more of the erbB receptor tyrosine kinases, such as EGF and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases (especially EGF receptor tyrosine kinase) that are involved in the signal transduction steps which drive proliferation and survival of these tumour cells.
• Such benign or malignant tumours may affect any tissue and include non-solid tumours such as leukaemia, multiple myeloma or lymphoma, and also solid tumours, for example bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancers.
• non-solid tumours such as leukaemia, multiple myeloma or lymphoma
• solid tumours for example bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancers.
• a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of those tumours which are sensitive to inhibition of erbB receptor tyrosine kinases, such as EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 (especially EGFR), that are involved in the signal transduction steps which lead to the proliferation of tumour cells.
• erbB receptor tyrosine kinases such as EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 (especially EGFR)
• a method for the prevention or treatment of those tumours which are sensitive to inhibition of one or more of the erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 (especially EGFR), that are involved in the signal transduction steps which lead to the proliferation and/or survival of tumour cells which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore.
• a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore in the manufacture of a medicament for use in providing a EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 (especially a EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitory effect.
• a compound of the Formula I for use in providing a EGFR and/or erbB2 and/or erbB4 (especially a EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitory effect.
• a method for providing a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitory effect which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore.
• a selective EGFR kinase inhibitor according to the invention is at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times more potent against erbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase driven proliferation than it is against EGFR tyrosine kinase driven proliferation, as determined from the relative IC 50 values in a suitable assay (for example the H116N-2 assay described above).
• a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of a cancer
• a cancer for example a cancer selected from leukaemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancer).
• a method for treating a cancer for example a cancer selected from leukaemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancer
• a warm-blooded animal such as man, in need of such treatment, which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a quinazoline derivative of of the Formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore.
• a compound of the Formula I for use in the treatment of a cancer (for example selected from leukaemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancer).
• a cancer for example selected from leukaemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, bile duct, bone, bladder, brain/CNS, breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, head and neck, hepatic, lung, neuronal, oesophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, testicular, thyroid, uterine and vulval cancer.
• the size of the dose required for the therapeutic or prophlyactic treatment of a particular disease will necessarily be varied depending upon, amongst other things, the host treated, the route of administration and the severity of the illness being treated.
• anti-proliferative treatment may be applied as a sole therapy or may involve, in addition to the quinazoline derivative of the invention, conventional surgery or radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
• chemotherapy may include one or more of the following categories of anti-tumour agents:—
• Such conjoint treatment may be achieved by way of the simultaneous, sequential or separate dosing of the individual components of the treatment.
• Such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dosage range described hereinbefore and the other pharmaceutically-active agent within its approved dosage range.
• a pharmaceutical product comprising a quinazoline derivative of the Formula I as defined hereinbefore and an additional anti-tumour agent as defined hereinbefore for the conjoint treatment of cancer.
• the compounds of the Formula I are primarily of value as therapeutic agents for use in warm-blooded animals (including man), they are also useful whenever it is required to inhibit the effects of the erbB receptor tyrosine protein kinases. Thus, they are useful as pharmacological standards for use in the development of new biological tests and in the search for new pharmacological agents.
• Example 4 The procedure described in Example 4 was repeated using 6- ⁇ [(1-tert-Butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]methoxy ⁇ 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline (reference example 4) to give the title compound in 42% yield after crystallisation from methyl tert-butyl ether; 1 H NMR: 1.28-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.95 (m, 51), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3M), 3.98 (d, 2H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 7.28 (dd, 1H), 7.48 (dd, 1H), 7.52 (dd, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 9.59 (s, 1H); Mass Spectrum: 431.1, 430.0.
• Example 4 The procedure described in Example 4 was repeated using 6- ⁇ [2-(1-tert-Butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]ethoxy ⁇ -4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline (reference example 5) to give the title compound in 60% yield after crystallisation from methyl tert-butyl ether; 1 H NMR: 1.17-1.30 (m, 2H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.65-1.85 (m, 6H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.73 (m, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 4.14 (t, 2H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 7.26 (dddd, 1H), 7.46 (dd, 1H, 7.51 (dd, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 9.53 (s, 1H); Mass Spectrum: 445.5, 447.
• Example 9 The procedure described in Example 9 was repeated using 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-[(piperidin-4-yl)methoxy]quinazoline (Example 3). Thus was obtained the compound below in 71% yield after trituration with diethyl ether; 1 H NMR: 1.31-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.90-2.07 (m, 3H), 2.76 (m, 2H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 3.56-3.67 (m, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 4.01 (d, 2H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 7.26 (ddd, 1H), 7.46 (dd, 1H), 7.50 (dd, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 9.61, (s, 1H); Mass Spectrum: 495.4, 497.4.
• Example 11 The procedure of Example 11 was repeated but using 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7′ methoxy-6-[(piperidin-4-yl)methoxy]quinazoline (Example 3).
• the title compound was obtained in 44% yield after crystallisation from acetonitrile; 1 H NMR: 1.34-1.50 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.90 (m, 3H), 2.05-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.95 (m, 4H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.97 (d, 2H), 7.04-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 7.26 (dddd, 1H), 7.46 (ddd, 1H), 7.50 (ddd, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 9.58 (s, 1H); Mass Spectrum: 474.4, 476.4.
• Acetyl chloride (179 mg) was added to a solution of 6-(piperidin-4-yloxy)-4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline dihydrochloride (1 g) and diisopropylethylamine (735 mg) in methylene chloride that was cooled at 0° C. and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours and allowed to warm to room temperature. The reaction mixture was adsorbed onto silica and the residue was purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 90/10).
• Dimethylsulfamoyl chloride (90 mg) was added to a solution of 6-(piperidin-4-yloxy)-4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg)(starting material Example 16) and diisopropylethylamine (184 mg) in methylene chloride (10 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was adsorbed onto silica and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 95/5).
• 3-chloropropanesulfonylchloride (174 mg) was added to a solution of 6-(piperidin-4-yloxy)-4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline dihydrochloride (190 mg; starting material for Example 16) and diisopropylethylamine (140 mg) in methylene chloride (5 ml) at ambient temperature and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was adsorbed onto silica and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 94/6).
• Methanesulfonyl chloride (42 mg) was added to a solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline (134 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (65 mg) in methylene chloride (5 ml) at ambient temperature.
• the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at ambient temperature.
• the reaction mixture was adsorbed onto silica and the residue was purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 95/5).
• Trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml) was added to a solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-6-(1-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidin-3-yloxy)-7-methoxyquinazoline (0.67 g) in methylene chloride (15 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was evaporated under vacuum and the residue dissolved in methylene chloride.
• 6-Acetoxy-4-chloro-7-methoxyquinazoline (Example 25-5 in WO01/66099; 10.0 g, 39.6 mmole) was suspended in acetonitrile (400 ml) and 3-chloro-2-fluoroaniline (6.05 g, 41.6 mmole) and hydrogen chloride (4.0M solution in 1,4-dioxane) (10.4 ml, 41.6 mmole) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed for one hour and then allowed to cool to ambient temperature. The resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed with acetonitrile and diethylether to give a white solid.
• Example 22 The racemic mixture obtained in Example 22 (36 mg) was resolved into the 3R and 3S enantiomers by chiral BPLC using the following conditions: Column 10 ⁇ m Chiralpak AS (20 mm ⁇ 250 mm) No. AS00CJ-IB004 Eluent Iso-hexane/ethanol (80/20) Oven Temperature Ambient Flow 10 ml/min Wavelength 254 nm Sample Concentration 0.9 mg/ml in ethanol Run Time 110 mins
• Acetyl chloride (27 mg) was added to a solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)-7-methoxyquinazoline (starting material described in Example 22; 134 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (65 mg) in methylene chloride (5 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours.
• the reaction mixture was adsorbed onto silica and purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 95/5).
• Trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml) was added to a solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-6-[(2S,4S)-1-(ert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-4-yloxy]-7-methoxyquinazoline (0.17 g) in methylene chloride (10 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours.
• reaction mixture was evaporated under vacuum and the residue dissolved in methanol (saturated with ammonia)/methylene chloride, adsorbed onto silica and purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (saturated with ammonia) (100/0 to 85/15).
• the product was then purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 90/10). The fractions containing the expected product were combined and evaporated. The residue was re-purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of ethyl acetate/methanol (100/0 to 92/8).
• the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, adsorbed onto silica and purified by column chromatography eluting with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (100/0 to 90/10). The fractions containing the desired product were combined and evaporated under vacuum to yield a white crystalline solid. The solid was washed with water, dissolved in methylene chloride and dried over magnesium sulfate.
• 6-[1-(chloroacetyl)piperidin-3-yloxy]4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline (470 mg, 0.98 mmol) was treated with a 33% solution of dimethylamine in ethanol (20 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The solvent was evaporated under vacuum and the residue purified by column chromatography eluting with methylene chloride/methanol (9/1). The fractions containing the expected product were combined and evaporated under vacuum. The residue was re-columned eluting with methylene chloride/methanol (saturated with ammonia) (92/8).
• Example 26 The racemic mixture obtained in Example 26 (320 mg) was resolved into the 3R and enantiomers by chiral HPLC using the following conditions: Column Merck 50 mm 20 ⁇ m Chiralpak AS VCSP No. AS00SC-JG001 Eluent Iso-Hexane/EtOH 80/20 Oven Temperature Ambient Flow 40 ml/min Wavelength 254 nm Sample Concentration 10 mg/ml in EtOH/Acetonitrile 80/20 Run Time 110 mins
• Diethyl azodicarboxylate (9.41 ml, 40% solution in toluene) was added to a mixture of 4-chloro-6-hydroxy-7-methoxyquinazoline (2.90 g; prepared as described in Example 16—preparation of starting materials), triphenylphosphine (5.43 g) and tert-butoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxypiperidine (4.15 g) in dichloromethane (75 ml).
• the resulting solution was heated to 40° C. for 6 hours, and then allowed to stand overnight at room temperature.
• the product was then re-purified by preparative HPLC on a reverse phase Hi-Chrom HIRPB column.
• the product was eluted with decreasingly polar mixtures of acetonitrile/water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) (20/80 to 50/50).
• the fractions containing the desired product were combined and evaporated under vacuum and the residue dissolved in methylene chloride/methanol (saturated with ammonia) and adsorbed onto silica.
• the product was eluted with increasingly polar mixtures of methylene chloride/methanol (saturated with ammonia)(100/0 to 90/10).
• the 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-[(2S,4R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(morpholinocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-4-yloxy]quinazoline starting material was prepared as follows: Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2M, 1.0 ml) was added to a stirred solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-6-[(2S,4R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(methoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-4-yloxy]-7-methoxyquinazoline (prepared as described in Example 46; preparation of starting materials) in methanol (8 ml) and THF (3 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours.
• HATU 214 mg was added to a stirred solution of 4 (3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-6-[(2S,4R)-1-tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-carboxypyrrolidin-4-yloxy]-7-methoxyquinazoline (215 mg), morpholine (50 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (20011) in DMA (5 ml). After stirring for 18 hours at ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness.
• Chloroacetyl chloride (66 ⁇ l) was added to a solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-[(3S)-piperidin-3-yloxy]quinazoline hydrochloride (350 mg; prepared according to Example 49) and diisopropylethylamine (522 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (10 ml) that was cooled to 0° C. and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 mins. Pyrrolidine (0.37 ml) was added, and the solution stirred for 1 hour before being purified by flash column chromatography eluting with methylene chloride/methanol (containing ammonia 7N) (97/3).
• 3,4-methylenedioxypyrrolidine hydrochloride (87 mg) was added to a stirred solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6- ⁇ [(2S)-1-(chloroacetyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]methoxy ⁇ quinazoline (0.25 g; prepared as described in Example 43) and diisopropylethylamine (0.2 ml) in acetonitrile (10 ml) and the mixture heated at reflux for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 . The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and evaporated.
• the 3,4-methylenedioxypyrrolidine hydrochloride used as a starting material was prepared as follows:—
• N,N-Dimethylaminoacetyl chloride hydrochloride (69 mg) was added portionwise to a stirred solution of 4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-[(3S)-piperidin-3-yloxy]quinazoline hydrochloride (175 mg; prepared as described in Example 49) and diisopropylethylamine (210 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (25 ml) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 2 hours to room temperature. The reaction mixture was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated to a foam.
• HATU (0.26 g) was added to a solution of 4-(3-Chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg; prepared as described in Example 45), diisopropylethylamine (210 ⁇ l) and N-methyl-L-proline (0.120 g) in DMF (7.5 ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The DMF was removed under reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in methylene chloride (50 ml) and washed with sodium bicarbonate (50 ml) then water (50 ml).
• Chloroacetyl chloride (47 ⁇ l) was added to a solution of 4-(3-Chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (373 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (10 ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
• Chloroacetyl chloride (47 ⁇ l) was added to a solution of 4-(3-Chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (373 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (10 ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
• Chloroacetyl chloride (47 ⁇ l) was added to a solution of 4-(3-Chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (373 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (10 ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
• Chloroacetyl chloride (47 ⁇ l) was added to a solution of 4-(3-Chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(piperidin-3-yloxy)quinazoline dihydrochloride (250 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (373 ⁇ l) in methylene chloride (10 ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
• Compound X the active ingredient being termed “Compound X”
• Tablet I mg/tablet Compound X 100 Lactose Ph. Eur 182.75 Croscarmellose sodium 12.0
• Injection I 50 mg/ml
• Polyethylene glycol 400 4.5% w/v Water for injection to 100%.
• the above formulations may be obtained by conventional procedures well known in the pharmaceutical art.
• the tablet may be prepared by blending the components together and compressing the mixture into a tablet.
• 6-Acetoxy-4-chloro-7-methoxyquinazoline prepared as described in Example 25-5 of in WO01/66099, 6.00 g, 23.8 mmol
• 3-chloro-2-fluoroaniline (3.46 g, 23.8 mmol) were suspended in iso-propanol (200 ml). The mixture was heated to 80° C. under reflux for 3 hours.
• 6-Acetoxy-4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazoline hydrochloride (Reference Example 1, 8.72 g, 21.9 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (200 ml). Concentrated aqueous ammonia (15 ml) was added, and the solution heated to 50° C. with stirring for 2 hours, causing precipitation of a cream coloured solid. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with diethyl ether (3 ⁇ 200 ml), and dried in vacuo at 60° C.
• tert-butyl 4-methanesulfonyloxypiperidine-1-carboxylate and cesium fluoride were added in the above quantities to the reaction mixture. Heating was continued at 85° C. for a further 6 hours after the final addition. The solvent was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between DCM (150 ml) and H 2 O (150 ml). The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (4 ⁇ 100 ml), and the extractions combined with the DCM layer. The combined DCM fractions were dried over MgSO 4 and evaporated.

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