SK202019U1 - Internal combustion engine with an expansion cylinder - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine with an expansion cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- SK202019U1 SK202019U1 SK20-2019U SK202019U SK202019U1 SK 202019 U1 SK202019 U1 SK 202019U1 SK 202019 U SK202019 U SK 202019U SK 202019 U1 SK202019 U1 SK 202019U1
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Abstract
Description
Oláasť technikyOláasť techniky
Piestové spaľovaciemototy.Piston combustion engines.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Spaľovacie motory pracujú na 2-taktnom a 4-taktnorn princípe a využívajú tlakovú energiu horúcich plynov v spaľovacom valci. Ďalšie využitie energie výfukových plynov je nožné v plynovej turbíne, alebo vo výmenníku tepla. Takto získaná práca s a využíva na pohon zariadení na preplňovanie motorov.Combustion engines operate on a 2-stroke and 4-stroke principle and utilize the pressure energy of the hot gases in the combustion cylinder. Further use of exhaust energy is foot in a gas turbine or heat exchanger. The work thus obtained with and used to drive engine turbocharging equipment.
Pri výluka spalín zo spaľovacieho valca do atmosféry, sa do atmosféry dostávajú škodlivé splodiny nedokonalého horenia CO a nespálené uhľovodíky, ako aj oxidy d usíka a hlavný produkt spaľovania COc, ktorý je považovaný za príčinu vytvárania skleníkového efektu a postupného otepľovania atmosféry. Tieto spaliny produkujú 4-taktné aj 2-taktné motory. Dvojtaktné motory produkujú viac škodlivých splodín, ale môžu mať vy š š in ú e in n o s ť ako š tvortafetné.When the flue gas is released from the combustion cylinder into the atmosphere, harmful combustion products of incomplete combustion of CO and unburnt hydrocarbons, as well as d-oxides of d and the main product of combustion of COc are considered as causing greenhouse effect and gradual warming of the atmosphere. These flue gases produce both 4-stroke and 2-stroke engines. Two-stroke engines produce more harmful fumes, but can be more efficient than four-stroke engines.
Cieľom súčasného snaženia v oblasti výskumu spaľovacích motorov je dosiahnuť čo najvyššiu účinnosť pri minimálnej tvorbe škodlivých splodín. Spomínaný cieľ je možné dosiahnuť hlavne zvýšením tepelnej účinností cez čo najvyšší konpresuý tlak, ktorý priamo vplýva na stredný efektívny tlak v spaľovacom valci. Preto je dôležité pre efektívne využitie paliva využiť tieto zvýšené tlaky aj po výstupe zo spaľovacieho valca na konanie práce.The aim of current research in the field of combustion engine research is to achieve the highest possible efficiency while minimizing the generation of harmful fumes. This object can be achieved mainly by increasing the thermal efficiency through the highest possible compression pressure, which directly affects the mean effective pressure in the combustion cylinder. Therefore, it is important for efficient fuel utilization to utilize these increased pressures even after leaving the combustion cylinder to do the work.
Podstata technického riešenit!The essence of technical solutions!
Podstatou technického nesenia je spaľovací motor pozostávajúci z aspoň jedného spaľovacieho valca a aspoň jedného expanzného valca, kde výfukový kanál spaľovacieho valca ústi do expanzného valca. Spaľovací valec pracuje ako klasický 2-taktný, alebo 4-taktný motor a energia výfukových plynov zo spaľovacieho valca je využitá v expanznom valci, ktorého priemer je väčší ako priemer spaľovacieho valca.The essence of the technical support is an internal combustion engine comprising at least one combustion cylinder and at least one expansion cylinder, wherein the exhaust duct of the combustion cylinder opens into the expansion cylinder. The combustion cylinder operates as a conventional 2-stroke or 4-stroke engine, and the exhaust energy from the combustion cylinder is utilized in an expansion cylinder whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the combustion cylinder.
Spaliny zo spaľovacieho valca prúdia do expanzného valca, kde odovzdávajú svoju energiu cez piest expanzného valca. Vyšší kompresný tlak, ktorý je podmienkou vyššej účinnosti motora zvyšuje tlak výfukových plynov, ktorý je možné využiť v expanznom valci a prípadne v turbodúchadíe na konanie ďalšej práce, a tým lepšieho využitia energie paliva.The flue gases from the combustion cylinder flow to the expansion cylinder where they transfer their energy through the piston of the expansion cylinder. Higher compression pressure, which is a prerequisite for higher engine efficiency, increases the exhaust gas pressure that can be used in the expansion cylinder and possibly in the turbocharger to carry out further work, and thereby better use of fuel energy.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Na obr. č. 1 je znázornená schéma technického riešenia štvorvaleového motora s expanznými valcami, ktorý v takomto usporiadaní je tvorený dvomi funkčnými celkami. Jeden celok pozostáva zo spaľovacieho valca 1 resp. 10 a expanzného valca 3 resp. 8,In FIG. no. 1 shows a diagram of a technical solution of a four cylinder engine with expansion cylinders, which in such an arrangement consists of two functional units. One unit consists of a combustion cylinder 1 and a cylinder 1, respectively. 10 and expansion cylinder 3, respectively. 8
Príklady uskutočneniaEXAMPLES
4-valcový nsotor znázornený na obr. 1 je zložený z dvoch funkčných celkov. Tento motor má štyri valce v zložení; dva valce expanzné 3 a 8, ktoré sú väčšieho priemeru a dva valce spaľovacie i a 10, ktoré sú menšieho priemeru.The 4-cylinder motor shown in FIG. 1 is composed of two functional units. This engine has four cylinders in the composition; two expansion cylinders 3 and 8, which are of larger diameter and two combustion cylinders i and 10, which are of smaller diameter.
Spaľovacie valce 1 a 10 obsahujú sacie kanály 5 a 15 a výfukové kanály 6 a 12, ktoré ústia do expanzných valcov 3 resp. 8. Tlak plynov, ktorý' vzniká vplyvom horenia paliv a v spaľovacom valci 1 tlačí na piest 2, ktorý sa pohybuje z HU do DU. V expanznom valci 3 prebieha vytláčanie spalín do výfuku. Piest 2 sa následne pohybuje z DU do HU a zároveň sa otvára výfukový ventil 13, Spaliny sú vytláčané do expanzného valca 3, kde tlačia na piest 4 a tým vykonávajú dodatočnú prácu.The combustion cylinders 1 and 10 comprise intake ducts 5 and 15 and exhaust ducts 6 and 12 which open into expansion cylinders 3 and 10, respectively. 8. The pressure of the gases generated by the combustion of the fuels and in the combustion cylinder 1 presses on the piston 2, which moves from HU to DU. In the expansion cylinder 3, the flue gas is forced into the exhaust. The piston 2 subsequently moves from DU to HU and at the same time the exhaust valve 13 opens. The flue gases are forced into the expansion cylinder 3 where they press on the piston 4 and thereby perform additional work.
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial usability
Navrhované riešenie je výhodne využiteľné hlavne v motoroch, ktoré pracujú v 2-taktnom režime. Výhodou 2-taktného motora je obvykle vyššia účinnosť ako u 4-taktného. Zároveň však výfukové plyny 2-ta'ktného motora obsahujú väčší podiel CO, nespálených uhľovodíkov a zvyškov oleja. V súčasnosti je snahaThe proposed solution is particularly useful in engines that operate in 2-stroke mode. The advantage of a 2-stroke engine is usually higher efficiency than a 4-stroke engine. At the same time, the exhaust gases of the 2-stroke engine contain a greater proportion of CO, unburnt hydrocarbons and oil residues. At present there is an effort
S K 20-2019 Uí zvýšiť účinnosť spaľovacích motorov zvýšením kompresného tlaku. Tým sa zvýši aj tiak výfukových; plynov Navrhované riešenie zabezpečí predĺžený čas horenia, využitie tlaku výfukových plynov na konanie dodá točnej práce a tým zvýšenie účinnosti spaľovacieho motora.S E 20-2019 Ui increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines by increasing the compression pressure. This will also increase the exhaust flue; The proposed solution will ensure an extended combustion time, use of exhaust gas pressure to carry out additional work and thus increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
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SK20-2019U SK8711Y1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Internal combustion engine with an expansion cylinder |
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SK20-2019U SK8711Y1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Internal combustion engine with an expansion cylinder |
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SK202019U1 true SK202019U1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
SK8711Y1 SK8711Y1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
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