KR20040048588A - Radiation shielding body and method for producing the shielding body - Google Patents
Radiation shielding body and method for producing the shielding body Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040048588A KR20040048588A KR1020020076503A KR20020076503A KR20040048588A KR 20040048588 A KR20040048588 A KR 20040048588A KR 1020020076503 A KR1020020076503 A KR 1020020076503A KR 20020076503 A KR20020076503 A KR 20020076503A KR 20040048588 A KR20040048588 A KR 20040048588A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 방사선차폐체(放射線遮蔽體) 및 그 방사선차폐체의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게 예를 들면 X선발생장치, 원자력관련기기, 방사성물질 용기, 방사성폐기물 용기 등을 구성하는 구조부재나 X선발생장치를 조작하는 X선기사, 의사, 연구자, 비파괴검사원, X선진단이나 방사선치료를 받는 환자, 방사성물질이나 방사성폐기물을 취급ㆍ처리하는 작업자, 원자력관련기기의 사고처리담당자 등이 엑스선(X), 알파선(α), 베타선(β), 감마선(γ) 등의 방사선에 피폭하는 것을 방지하기 위해서 이용되는 방사선차폐체 및 그 방사선차폐체의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a radiation shielding body and a method for manufacturing the radiation shielding body, and more particularly, to a structural member constituting an X-ray generator, a nuclear power plant, a radioactive material container, a radioactive waste container, or the like. X-ray technicians, doctors, researchers, non-destructive inspectors, patients undergoing X-ray diagnosis or radiation treatment, workers handling and treating radioactive materials or radioactive waste, and accident handling personnel of nuclear-related equipment, etc. A radiation shielding body used to prevent exposure to radiation such as (X), alpha ray (α), beta ray (β), gamma ray (γ), and the like, and a method for producing the radiation shielding body.
더욱이 방사선차폐체는, 유연성을 가지는 시트상(狀)의 얇은 것, 시트라고까지 할 수 없는 두꺼운 것, 강성(剛性)을 가지는 플레이트상(狀)의 것도 포함한 개념이다.Furthermore, the radiation shielding body is a concept including a sheet-like thin sheet having flexibility, a thick one not even a sheet, and a plate-shaped sheet having rigidity.
도 4는 종래의 이 종류의 방사선차폐시트를 모식적(模式的)으로 나타낸 단면도이며, 도면 중 (91)은 염화비닐수지 등의 열가소성수지를 나타내고 있다. 열가소성수지(91)는 두께(t)가 통상 0.5㎜정도의 얇은 시트상으로 형성되어 있으며, 열가소성수지(91) 속에는 납(이하, "Pb"라고 한다)분말(92)이 배합ㆍ분산되어 있다. 이들 열가소성수지(91)나 Pb분말(92) 등을 포함하여 방사선차폐시트(90)가 구성되어 있다.Fig. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing this type of radiation shielding sheet of the related art, in which reference numeral 91 denotes a thermoplastic resin such as vinyl chloride resin. The thermoplastic resin 91 is formed in the form of a thin sheet having a thickness t of about 0.5 mm, and the lead 92 (hereinafter referred to as "Pb") powder 92 is blended and dispersed in the thermoplastic resin 91. . The radiation shielding sheet 90 is composed of these thermoplastic resins 91, Pb powder 92, and the like.
도시(圖示)하지 않지만, 이 방사선차폐시트(90)는, 소정 치수로 재단하여 천등에 싼 후, 이 천 등을 사이에 끼워 소정 형상으로 꿰매 맞춰 쟈켓이나 바지, 에이프런, 코트, 모자, 장갑 등의 방호의(防護衣)로 형성ㆍ착용하도록 되어 있다. 혹은 커버나 커텐으로 방사선원(放射線源)을 따라 밀착시키거나, 또는 방사선원을 간접적으로 덮도록 하여 사용된다.Although not shown, the radiation shielding sheet 90 is cut to a predetermined size and wrapped in a cloth, and then sewn into a predetermined shape by sandwiching the cloth and the like, and then jacket, pants, apron, coat, hat, and gloves. It is intended to be formed and worn with the protection of the back. Alternatively, a cover or curtain may be used to closely adhere the radiation source or cover the radiation source indirectly.
또한 도시하지 않지만, X선발생장치, 원자력관련기기, 방사성물질 용기, 방사성폐기물 용기 등에는 열경화성 수지 플레이트 속에 Pb분말을 배합ㆍ분산시킨 방사선차폐체가 구조부재로서 이용되고 있다.In addition, although not shown, in the X-ray generator, nuclear power equipment, radioactive material container, radioactive waste container and the like, a radiation shield in which Pb powder is mixed and dispersed in a thermosetting resin plate is used as a structural member.
상기한 종래의 방사선차폐시트(90)나 방사선차폐체(放射線遮蔽體)에 있어서는, Pb분말(92)이나 아산화납이 배합되어 있기 때문에, 제조, 사용, 폐기처리의 각 공정 시에 Pb중독이나 Pb공해가 발생하기 쉽다. 또한, 방사선차폐시트(90)나 방사선차폐체는 두께가 얇기 때문에, 제조과정에 있어서 아무리해도 발생하는 핀홀(도시하지 않음)이 방사선차폐체를 관통하기 쉬우며, 이 핀홀을 통해서 방사선이 투과할 우려가 있다는 과제도 있었다.In the conventional radiation shielding sheet 90 and the radiation shielding body described above, since Pb powder 92 and lead nitrite are blended, Pb poisoning and Pb during each step of manufacturing, use, and disposal are performed. Pollution is likely to occur. In addition, since the radiation shielding sheet 90 and the radiation shielding body have a small thickness, a pinhole (not shown) generated in the manufacturing process easily penetrates the radiation shielding body, and there is a concern that the radiation may pass through the pinhole. There was also a challenge.
본 발명은 상기 과제를 감안해서 안출된 것으로서, Pb를 배합하는 일 없이 방사선 차폐성능을 확보함과 동시에 인장강도(Tensile stress), 인열강도(Tear strength), 내절성(Flexibility), 난연성(Incombustibility)을 겸비(兼備)하고, 더욱이 핀홀의 관통이 저지된 방사선차폐체 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다.The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and at the same time to secure the radiation shielding performance without blending Pb, Tensile stress, Tear strength, Flexibility, Incombustibility It is an object of the present invention to provide a radiation shield and a method of manufacturing the same.
도 1은 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(放射線遮蔽體)의 실시예(1)를 모식적(模式的)으로 나타낸 단면도이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows typically Example 1 of the radiation shielding body which concerns on this invention.
도 2는 실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐체를 모식적으로 나타낸 단면도이다.2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the radiation shield according to Example (2).
도 3은 실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐체의 제조방법을 설명하기 위해서 제조공정을 모식적으로 나타낸 단면도이다.3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a manufacturing process for explaining the method for manufacturing a radiation shield according to Example (2).
도 4는 종래의 방사선차폐시트를 모식적으로 나타낸 단면도이다.4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional radiation shielding sheet.
〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>
10 : 방사선차폐시트10: radiation shielding sheet
11 : 염화비닐수지11: vinyl chloride resin
12 : WO3분말12: WO 3 powder
13 : Sb2O3분말13: Sb 2 O 3 powder
14 : Sn금속분말14: Sn metal powder
상기 목적을 달성하기 위해서 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(1)는, 수지 속에 안티몬(이하, "Sb"라 한다), 주석(이하, "Sn"라 한다), 비스무트(이하, "Bi"라 한다)의 금속단체(金屬單體)분말 또는 화합물분말 중 적어도 한 종류가 배합되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the radiation shielding body 1 according to the present invention includes antimony (hereinafter referred to as "Sb"), tin (hereinafter referred to as "Sn"), bismuth (hereinafter referred to as "Bi") in a resin. At least one of a single metal powder or a compound powder is mixed.
상기한 방사선차폐체(1)에 의하면, 상기 Sb, Sn, Bi의 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말은 모두 방사선을 차폐하기 쉽기 때문에 Pb를 배합할 필요가 없고, 방사선을 차폐할 수가 있는 것과 동시에 Pb중독이나 Pb공해의 발생을 방지할 수가 있다. 또한, Sb에 의해 난연성을 높일 수가 있다.According to the above-mentioned radiation shielding body (1), since the metallic single powder or the compound powder of Sb, Sn, and Bi are all easy to shield the radiation, there is no need to mix Pb. The occurrence of Pb pollution can be prevented. Moreover, flame retardance can be improved by Sb.
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(2)는, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)에 있어서, 더욱이 텅스텐(이하, "W"라 한다)의 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말 및/또는 바륨(이하, "Ba"라 한다)의 화합물분말이 배합되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.Further, the radiation shielding body 2 according to the present invention is, in the radiation shielding body 1, furthermore, a metal single powder or a compound powder of tungsten (hereinafter referred to as "W") and / or barium (hereinafter, "Ba"). A compound powder of " "
상기한 방사선차폐체(2)에 의하면, 상기 W의 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말, Ba의 화합물분말의 존재에 의해 방사선의 차폐성을 높일 수가 있는 것과 동시에 이들 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말은 가격이 비교적 싸기 때문에, 제조코스트의 증대를 억제할 수가 있다.According to the above-mentioned radiation shielding body (2), the shielding property of the radiation can be improved by the presence of the metal single powder, the compound powder, and the Ba compound powder, and the metal single powder or the compound powder is relatively inexpensive. The increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(3)는, 상기 방사선차폐체(1) 또는 방사선차폐체(2)에 있어서, 상기 분말의 배합비율이 W가 WO3으로 0∼90 중량부, Sb가 Sb2O3으로 0∼90 중량부, Sn이 0∼90 중량부의 범위인 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.Further, in the radiation shielding body 3 or the radiation shielding body 2 according to the present invention, the blending ratio of the powder is 0 to 90 parts by weight of W as WO 3 and Sb as Sb 2 0 to 90 parts by weight of the O 3, and is characterized in that the Sn is the range of 0 to 90 wt.
상기한 방사선차폐체(3)에 의하면, 상기 수지 속에 상기 W, Sb, Sn이 적정량배합되어 있기 때문에, 방사선을 확실히 차폐함과 동시에 시트로서의 강도를 확보할 수가 있다.According to the above-mentioned radiation shielding body 3, since the appropriate amounts of W, Sb, and Sn are blended in the resin, it is possible to reliably shield the radiation and to secure the strength as a sheet.
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(4)는, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(3) 중 어느 하나에 있어서, 상기 수지가 열가소성인 비닐계 수지, 폴리우레탄계 수지, 폴리에틸렌계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.In addition, the radiation shielding body 4 which concerns on this invention is comprised in any one of the said radiation shielding bodies 1-1-(3) in which the said resin is thermoplastic vinyl resin, a polyurethane resin, or a polyethylene resin. It is characterized by that.
상기한 방사선차폐체(4)에 의하면, 상기 수지가 열가소성인 비닐계 수지, 폴리우레탄계 수지, 폴리에틸렌계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 가소성(可逆性)을 유지하면서 시트로서의 강도를 충분히 확보할 수가 있으므로 방사선차폐용인 방호의(防護衣), 커버, 커텐 등에 적용할 수가 있다.According to the above-mentioned radiation shielding body 4, since the resin is made of any one of a thermoplastic vinyl resin, a polyurethane resin, and a polyethylene resin, it is possible to sufficiently secure the strength as a sheet while maintaining plasticity. Therefore, it can be applied to protective clothing, cover, curtain and the like for radiation shielding.
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(5)는, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(3) 중 어느 하나에 있어서, 상기 수지가 열경화성인 에폭시계 수지, 페놀계 수지, 실리콘계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.The radiation shield 5 according to the present invention is any one of the radiation shields 1 to 3, wherein the resin is composed of any one of a thermosetting epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a silicone resin. It is characterized by that.
상기한 방사선차폐체(5)에 의하면, 상기 수지가 열경화성인 에폭시계 수지, 페놀계 수지, 실리콘계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 강도를 충분히 확보할 수가 있으므로 방사선차폐용인 구조부재 등에 적용할 수가 있다.According to the above-mentioned radiation shielding body 5, since the resin is made of any one of a thermosetting epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a silicone resin, the strength can be sufficiently secured, and thus the resin can be applied to a structural member for radiation shielding or the like. .
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(6)는, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(5) 중 어느 하나에 있어서, 시트상(狀)의 방사선차폐체가 복수매 적층(積層)되어 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.In the radiation shield 6 according to the present invention, any one of the radiation shields 1 to 5 is formed by stacking a plurality of sheet-like radiation shields. It features.
상기한 방사선차폐체(6)에 의하면, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(5) 중 어느 하나가 복수매 적층되어 구성되어 있기 때문에, 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(5) 속에 발생하기 쉬운 핀홀이 압궤(壓潰)됨과 동시에 이들 핀홀끼리 이어져 상기 방사선차폐체(1)∼(5) 속을 관통하는 것을 대폭적으로 감소시킬 수가 있다. 이 결과, 상기 핀홀을 통해서 방사선이 투과하는 것을 저지하여 방사선의 투과를 확실히 저지할 수가 있다.According to the radiation shield 6 described above, since any one of the radiation shields 1 to 5 is formed by stacking, a pinhole that is likely to occur in the radiation shields 1 to 5 collapses. At the same time, the pinholes can be connected to each other and penetrate through the radiation shields 1 to 5 significantly. As a result, it is possible to prevent the transmission of radiation through the pinhole and to reliably prevent the transmission of radiation.
또한, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체의 제조방법은, 상기 방사선차폐체(6)의 제조방법으로, 금속단체분말 및/또는 화합물분말을 수지원료 속에 혼합하여, 압출성형법, 캘린더가공, 코팅법 또는 금형성형법에 의해 시트상의 방사선차폐체를 제조한 후, 그 방사선차폐체를 복수매 적층하여 래미네이트가공을 행하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다.In addition, the method of manufacturing a radiation shield according to the present invention is a method of manufacturing the radiation shield (6), by mixing a metal single powder and / or compound powder in a water support material, extrusion molding, calendering, coating method or mold After the sheet-shaped radiation shielding body is manufactured by the molding method, a plurality of the radiation shielding bodies are laminated and laminated processing is performed.
상기 압출성형법, 캘린더가공, 코팅법 또는 금형성형법을 채용함으로써, 상기 시트상의 방사선차폐체를 용이하게 제조할 수가 있으며, 또한 상기 래미네이트가공에 의해, 상기 시트상의 방사선차폐체 속에 발생한 핀홀을 제거하면서 적층시킬 수가 있어 적층된 차폐체로는 핀홀의 관통이 확실히 저지되기 때문에, 방사선차폐능력이 뛰어난 방사선차폐체를 제조할 수가 있다.By employing the extrusion molding, calendering, coating, or mold molding, the sheet-shaped radiation shielding body can be easily manufactured, and the lamination processing allows lamination while removing the pinholes generated in the sheet-shaped radiation shielding body. Since the penetration of the pinhole is reliably prevented by the laminated shield, the radiation shield having excellent radiation shielding ability can be manufactured.
<실시예><Example>
이하, 본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체(放射線遮蔽體) 및 그 제조방법의 실시예를 도면에 의거하여 설명한다. 더욱이, 종래의 예와 동일 기능을 가지는 구성부품에 대해서는 동일한 부호를 부기하기로 한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the Example of the radiation shielding body which concerns on this invention, and its manufacturing method is demonstrated based on drawing. Moreover, the same reference numerals will be given to the components having the same function as the conventional example.
도 1은 실시예(1)에 관계되는 방사선차폐체로서의 방사선차폐시트를 모식적(模式的)으로 나타낸 단면도이며, 도면 중 (11)은 염화비닐수지를 나타내고 있다.염화비닐수지(11)는 두께 (t)가 약 0.5㎜의 얇은 시트상(狀)으로 형성되어 있으며, 염화비닐수지(11) 속에는, W가 WO3의 형태로, Sb가 Sb2O3의 형태로, Sn은 Sn인 채로, 세 종류의 금속함유분말인 WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)이 배합ㆍ분산되어 있다.Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a radiation shielding sheet as a radiation shielding body according to the embodiment (1), and in Fig. 11, a vinyl chloride resin is shown. (t) is formed into a thin sheet of about 0.5 mm, and in the vinyl chloride resin 11, W is in the form of WO 3 , Sb is in the form of Sb 2 O 3 , and Sn is Sn. , Three kinds of metal-containing powders WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 and Sn powder 14 are blended and dispersed.
WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)의 배합비율은, WO3분말(12)이 0∼90 중량부, Sb2O3분말(13)이 0∼90 중량부, Sn분말(14)이 0∼90 중량부가 바람직하다. 이것보다 배합비율이 많은 것이면, 염화비닐수지(11)의 배합비율이 상대적으로 부족하게 되어, 시트로서의 인장강도(Tensile stress), 인열강도(Tear strength), 내절성(Flexibility)이 충분하지 않게 된다. 이들 염화비닐수지(11)인 WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14) 등을 포함하여 방사선차폐시트(10)가 구성되어 있다.The blending ratio of WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 and Sn powder 14 is 0 to 90 parts by weight of WO 3 powder 12 and 0 to 90 parts by weight of Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 90 weight part and 0 to 90 weight part of Sn powder 14 are preferable. If the compounding ratio is larger than this, the compounding ratio of the vinyl chloride resin 11 is relatively insufficient, so that the tensile stress, tear strength, and flexibility as a sheet are not sufficient. do. The radiation shielding sheet 10 is composed of these vinyl chloride resins 11, WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13, Sn powder 14, and the like.
이와 같이 구성된 방사선차폐시트(10)를 제조할 경우, 우선 믹서를 이용하여 소정량의 염화비닐수지원료, 금속함유분말, 가소제나 접착성분 등을 혼합한다. 이어서 이 혼합물을 압출성형법, 캘린더가공법, 코팅법 또는 금형성형법 등에 의해 성형하여, 두께 (t)가 약 0.5㎜인 방사선차폐시트(10)를 제조한다.When manufacturing the radiation shielding sheet 10 configured as described above, first, a predetermined amount of vinyl chloride aqueous support material, a metal-containing powder, a plasticizer or an adhesive component is mixed using a mixer. Subsequently, the mixture is molded by extrusion molding, calendering, coating, or mold molding to prepare a radiation shielding sheet 10 having a thickness t of about 0.5 mm.
WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)은 모두 방사선을 차폐하기 쉬우며, Pb를 배합하지 않아도 방사선을 차폐할 수가 있기 때문에, Pb중독이나 Pb공해의 발생을 방지할 수가 있다.Since WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 and Sn powder 14 are easy to shield radiation and can shield radiation even without mixing Pb, Pb poisoning and Pb pollution are generated. Can be prevented.
또한, 방사선차폐시트(10)에서는, 염화비닐수지(11) 속에 WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)이 충분한 양이 배합되어 있기 때문에, 방사선을 확실히 차폐할 수가 있다.In the radiation shielding sheet 10, since the amount of WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 and Sn powder 14 is blended in the vinyl chloride resin 11, the radiation is surely ensured. I can shield it.
또한, 염화비닐수지(11) 속에 WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)이 적당량 배합되어 있기 때문에, 가소성을 유지하면서 충분한 인장강도, 인열강도, 내절성을 확보할 수가 있다. 또한, Sb2O3분말(13)의 존재에 의해, 시트로서의 난연성도 충분히 확보할 수가 있다. 또한, WO3분말(12), Sb2O3분말(13), Sn분말(14)의 가격이 비교적 싸기 때문에, 제조코스트의 증대를 억제할 수가 있다.In addition, since an appropriate amount of WO 3 powder 12, Sb 2 O 3 powder 13, and Sn powder 14 is blended in the vinyl chloride resin 11, sufficient tensile strength, tear strength and fracture resistance are maintained while maintaining plasticity. The castle can be secured. In addition, the presence of the Sb 2 O 3 powder 13 ensures sufficient flame retardancy as the sheet. Further, since the WO 3 powder (12), Sb 2 O 3 powder (13), a relatively cheap price of Sn powder 14, it is possible to suppress an increase in manufacturing cost.
도 2는 실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐체를 모식적으로 나타낸 단면도이며, 도면 중 (20a)는 방사선차폐시트를 나타내고 있다. 방사선차폐시트(20a)는 제품으로서의 전체 시트 두께를 (t)로 했을 경우, 약 (t/2)의 얇은 시트상으로 형성되어 있다. 이 방사선차폐시트(20a)는, 상기 방사선차폐시트(10)의 경우와 같이 염화비닐수지(21a) 속에 WO3, Sb2O3, Sn의 세 종류의 금속함유분말인 WO3분말(22a), Sb2O3분말(23a), Sn분말(24a)이 배합ㆍ분산되어 구성되어 있다. 이들 2장의 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)가 적층(積層)되어 방사선차폐시트(20)가 구성되어 있다.FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the radiation shielding body according to the embodiment (2), and (20a) shows a radiation shielding sheet in the drawing. The radiation shielding sheet 20a is formed into a thin sheet of about (t / 2) when the total sheet thickness as a product is set to (t). The radiation-shielding sheet (20a) has, WO 3, Sb 2 O 3 , the three types of metal-containing powders of Sn WO 3 powder (22a) in the vinyl chloride resin (21a) as in the case of the radiation-shielding sheet 10 , Sb 2 O 3 powder 23a and Sn powder 24a are blended and dispersed. These two radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a are laminated to form a radiation shielding sheet 20.
이와 같이 구성된 방사선차폐시트(20)를 제조할 경우, 우선 도 1에 나타낸 방사선차폐시트(10)의 경우와 같게 하여, 두께가 약 (t/2)인 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 제조한다.When manufacturing the radiation shielding sheet 20 configured as described above, the radiation shielding sheet 20a, 20a having a thickness of about (t / 2) is made in the same manner as in the case of the radiation shielding sheet 10 shown in FIG. To prepare.
다음은, 도 3에 나타낸 프레스가공기를 사용하여 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 적층시켜 일체화한다. 도면 중 (31)은 베드(bed)를 나타내고 있다.베드(31)의 상부에는 구동 램(32)이 도면 중 화살표 A-B방향으로 구동 가능하게 배설(配設)되어 있다. 이들 베드(31)나 구동 램(32) 등을 포함하여 프레스가공기 본체(30a)가 구성되어 있다. 한편, 베드(31)와 구동 램(32) 사이에는 거의 직방체판(直方體板) 형상을 한 기판(33)∼(35)이 장착ㆍ배설되어 있으며, 기판(33)∼(35)에는 가열수단(도시하지 않음)이 장비(裝備)되어 있다. 기판(33)∼(35) 사이에는 복수조(複數組)의 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)가 적층되어 있고, 각 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)는 스텐레스강제의 분리판(36a), (36a)에 의해 협지(挾持)되어 있다. 이들 기판(33)∼(35)이나 분리판(36a) 등을 포함하여 지그(30b)가 구성되어 있다.Next, the radiation shielding sheet 20a, 20a is laminated | stacked and integrated using the press process machine shown in FIG. 31 shows a bed. The drive ram 32 is arrange | positioned at the upper part of the bed 31 so that driving to the arrow A-B direction is possible in the figure. The press machine main body 30a is comprised including these beds 31, the drive ram 32, etc. On the other hand, between the bed 31 and the drive ram 32, board | substrates 33-35 which have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape are attached and arrange | positioned, and the board | substrates 33-35 are heated. Means (not shown) are equipped. A plurality of sets of radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a are laminated between the substrates 33 to 35, and each of the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a is a separator plate made of stainless steel ( It is pinched by 36a) and 36a. The jig 30b is comprised including these board | substrates 33-35, the separator 36a, etc.
상기 프레스가공기를 사용하여, 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 이용하여 방사선차폐시트(20)를 제조할 경우, 우선 베드(31) 상부 및 구동 램(32) 하부에 기판(33), (34)을 장착한다. 이어서 분리판(36a), (36a)에 협지시킨 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 적층해 나가 소정 개소에 기판(35)을 배설한 후, 더욱이 분리판(36a), (36a)에 협지시킨 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 적층한다. 그 후, 가열수단을 작동시켜 기판(33)∼(35) 및 분리판(36a), (36a)을 통하여 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 소정 온도로 상승시키고, 이어서 구동 램(32)을 도면 중 화살표 B방향으로 구동시켜, 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)에 소정 압력을 가하여 열압착시킨다. 이 후, 냉각시킴으로써 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)가 일체화되어 두께가 (t)인 방사선차폐시트(20)가 제조된다.When manufacturing the radiation shielding sheet 20 using the radiation shielding sheet (20a), (20a) using the press working machine, first, the substrate 33, the upper portion of the bed 31 and the lower portion of the driving ram 32 Fit 34. Subsequently, the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a sandwiched between the separator plates 36a and 36a are laminated, and the substrate 35 is disposed at a predetermined position, and then the separator plates 36a and 36a are further disposed. The sandwiched radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a are laminated. Thereafter, the heating means is operated to raise the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a to a predetermined temperature through the substrates 33 to 35 and the separator plates 36a and 36a, and then drive ram 32 ) Is driven in the direction indicated by arrow B in the figure, and thermally compressed by applying a predetermined pressure to the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a. Thereafter, by cooling, the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a are integrated to produce a radiation shielding sheet 20 having a thickness of t.
실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(20)에서는, 방사선차폐시트(20a),(20a)가 적층되어 있기 때문에, 핀홀끼리 이어져 방사선차폐시트(20) 속을 관통하는 것을 대폭적으로 감소시킬 수가 있다. 또한, 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)의 제조공정에 있어서 발생하기 쉬운 핀홀을, 적층공정에 있어서 압궤ㆍ제거할 수가 있다. 이 결과, 핀홀을 통해서 방사선이 투과하는 것을 저지하여 방사선을 더욱 확실히 차폐할 수가 있다.In the radiation shielding sheet 20 according to the embodiment (2), since the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a are laminated, the pinholes are connected to each other and the penetration of the radiation shielding sheet 20 is greatly reduced. There is a number. In addition, pinholes that are likely to occur in the manufacturing steps of the radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a can be collapsed and removed in the lamination step. As a result, the radiation can be prevented from penetrating through the pinhole and the radiation can be more reliably shielded.
더욱이, 실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(20) 및 그 제조방법에서는, 2장의 방사선차폐시트(20a), (20a)를 적층하는 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 단순히 2장으로 한정되는 것이 아니라, 다른 실시예에서는 방사선차폐시트(20a)가 3장이나 4장,……이어도 지장이 없다. 적층하는 매수가 많으면 많을 수록 핀홀에 의한 시트 관통의 확률을 내릴 수가 있지만, 제조가 조금씩 곤란하게 된다.Furthermore, in the radiation shielding sheet 20 and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiment (2), the case of stacking two radiation shielding sheets 20a and 20a has been described, but it is simply limited to two sheets. In another embodiment, the radiation shielding sheet 20a is divided into three or four sheets. … There is no problem. The larger the number of sheets to be laminated, the lower the probability of sheet penetration due to pinholes, but the production becomes difficult little by little.
또한, 실시예(2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(20)의 제조방법에서는, 래미네이트가공으로 프레스가공을 행하는 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 다른 실시예에서는 가열공정을 포함한 롤 압연법이나 접착제를 이용한 접착가공을 행해도 좋다.In addition, in the manufacturing method of the radiation shielding sheet 20 which concerns on Example (2), the case where press processing is performed by laminating processing was demonstrated, In another Example, the roll rolling method including a heating process, or using the adhesive agent was used. You may perform adhesive processing.
또한, 실시예(1), (2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(10), (20)에서는, 모두 WO3분말, Sb2O3분말, Sn분말을 이용했을 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 다른 실시예에서는 Sb2O3분말, Sn분말, Bi분말, BiO3분말 중 어느 하나가 배합ㆍ분산되어 있어도 좋다. 혹은 WO3분말과 Sb2O3분말, WO3분말과 Sn분말, WO3분말과 Bi분말, WO3분말과 BiO3분말, Sb2O3분말과 Sn분말, 황산 Ba분말과 Bi분말, 황산 Ba분말과 BiO3분말과 같이 어느쪽이든 2종류의 금속함유분말이 배합ㆍ분산되어 있어도 좋다.Furthermore, embodiments (1), (2) the radiation-shielding sheets 10, 20 is related to, but all described in the case of using a WO 3 powder, Sb 2 O 3 powder, Sn powder, another embodiment In the example, any one of Sb 2 O 3 powder, Sn powder, Bi powder, and BiO 3 powder may be blended and dispersed. Or WO 3 powder and Sb 2 O 3 powder, WO 3 powder and Sn powder, WO 3 powder and Bi powder, WO 3 powder and BiO 3 powder, Sb 2 O 3 powder and Sn powder, sulfuric acid Ba powder and Bi powder, sulfuric acid Two kinds of metal-containing powders may be blended and dispersed, either Ba powder or BiO 3 powder.
또한, 실시예(1), (2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(10), (20)에서는, W는 WO3, Sb는 Sb2O3, Sn은 Sn의 금속분말을 이용했을 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 다른 실시예에서는, W, Sb는 W, Sb의 금속단체분말, Sn은 Sn의 산화물 혹은 각각의 탄화물이나 합금 등과 같은 화합물분말이어도 지장이 없다.Further, in the radiation shielding sheets 10 and 20 according to the embodiments (1) and (2), W is WO 3 , Sb is Sb 2 O 3 , and Sn is Sn metal powder. As described above, in other embodiments, W and Sb may be metal powders of W and Sb, and Sn may be oxides of Sn or compound powders such as carbides and alloys.
또한, 실시예(1), (2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(10), (20)에서는, 모두 수지에 열가소성의 염화비닐수지(11), (21a)를 이용했을 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 다른 실시예에서는, 다른 비닐계 수지(예를 들면 초산비닐계 수지) 혹은 폴리우레탄계 수지, 폴리에틸렌계 수지 등을 이용해도 좋다. 그 경우에는, 이용하는 수지에 맞추어 가소제 및 접착성분은 바꾸어 줄 필요가 있다.In addition, although the radiation shielding sheet | seats 10 and 20 which concern on Example (1), (2) demonstrated the case where thermoplastic vinyl chloride resins 11 and 21a were all used for resin, In another embodiment, other vinyl resin (for example, vinyl acetate resin), polyurethane resin, polyethylene resin, or the like may be used. In that case, it is necessary to change a plasticizer and an adhesive component according to resin to be used.
또한, 실시예(1), (2)에 관계되는 방사선차폐시트(10), (20)에서는, 모두 수지에 열가소성의 염화비닐수지(11), (21a)를 이용했을 경우에 대해서 설명했지만, 다른 실시예에서는, 열경화성인 에폭시계 수지, 페놀계 수지, 실리콘계 수지 등을 이용해도 좋다. 그 경우에는, 이용하는 수지에 맞추어 촉매성분을 바꾸어 사용한다.In addition, although the radiation shielding sheet | seats 10 and 20 which concern on Example (1), (2) demonstrated the case where thermoplastic vinyl chloride resins 11 and 21a were all used for resin, In another embodiment, a thermosetting epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a silicone resin, or the like may be used. In that case, a catalyst component is changed and used according to resin used.
이하의 조건에서, 실험예 및 비교예에 관계되는 방사선차폐체를 제조하여, 이하의 실험조건으로 차폐체 1㎜ 두께에 있어서의 납당량, 인장강도, 인열강도, 차폐체의 제품두께(0.5㎜)에 있어서의 내절성, 핀홀의 발생상황을 조사한 결과에 대해서 설명한다.Under the following conditions, the radiation shielding body according to the experiment example and the comparative example was manufactured, and the lead equivalent weight, tensile strength, tear strength, and product thickness (0.5 mm) of the shielding body in the thickness of 1 mm of shielding body were as follows. The result of having investigated the fracture resistance and the occurrence of pinholes in a case will be described.
믹서를 이용하여 아래와 같이 표 1, 표 2, 표 3에 나타낸 수지, 금속함유분말과 소정량의 가소제나 접착성분 등을 배합ㆍ혼합하여, 압출성형법에 의해 소정두께의 시트를 제조한 후, 이 시트를 2장 포개어 프레스에 의해 래미네이트가공을 행했다. 실험예(1)∼(36)에서는, 염화비닐수지를 90∼10％, Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 10∼90％ 배합했다. 실험예(37)는 염화비닐수지를 22％, WO3을 13％, Sb2O3을 30％, Sn을 35％ 배합했다. 한편, 비교예(1), (3), (27), (29)에서는 염화비닐수지를 100％로 하고, Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 배합하지 않았다. 비교예(2), (4), (28), (30)는 염화비닐수지를 배합하지 않고, Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 100％ 배합했다. 비교예(5)∼(26)는, 염화비닐수지 100∼0％에 대해, WO3, BaSO4를 0∼100％ 배합했다. 비교예(31)는 염화비닐수지를 20％, Pb를 80％ 배합하고, 래미네이트가공은 행하지 않았다. 납당량, 인장강도, 인열강도, 내절성의 측정은 JIS－Z4801(1991)에 의거하며, 핀홀의 발생상황은 JIS－Z4501의 2에 의거하여(필름사이즈 25.4㎝ ×0.5㎝) 실시했다.Using a mixer, the resins, metal-containing powders, and plasticizers and adhesive components of a predetermined amount as shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 below were mixed and mixed to prepare sheets of a predetermined thickness by extrusion molding. Two sheets were laminated and the lamination process was performed by the press. In the experimental examples (1) to (36), was blended with a vinyl chloride resin 90~10%, Sb 2 O 3, Sn, Bi or BiO 3 10~90%. Experimental Example 37 was blended with a vinyl chloride resin, 22%, WO 3 13%, 30% of Sb 2 O 3, a Sn 35%. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples (1), (3), (27) and (29), the vinyl chloride resin was 100%, and Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, Bi, or BiO 3 was not blended. Comparative Examples (2), (4), (28), and (30) contained 100% of Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, Bi, or BiO 3 without blending the vinyl chloride resin. In Comparative Examples (5) to (26), WO 3 and BaSO 4 were blended 0 to 100% with respect to 100 to 0% of the vinyl chloride resin. In Comparative Example 31, 20% of vinyl chloride resin and 80% of Pb were blended, and laminating was not performed. The measurement of lead equivalent weight, tensile strength, tear strength, and cut resistance was performed in accordance with JIS-Z4801 (1991), and the occurrence of pinholes was performed in accordance with JIS-Z4501 2 (film size 25.4 cm x 0.5 cm).
배합비율 및 차폐체 1㎜ 두께당의 납당량을 아래와 같이 표 1 및 표 2에 나타냈다.The compounding ratio and lead equivalent weight per 1 mm of thickness of the shielding body are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
배합비율 및 차폐체 1㎜당의 납당량, 인장강도, 인열강도, 제품두께 0.5㎜에있어서의 내절성 및 핀홀의 발생상황의 측정결과를 아래와 같이 표 3에 나타냈다.Table 3 shows the measurement results of the compounding ratio, lead equivalent weight, tensile strength, tear strength, and product resistance at 0.5 mm of the shielding body and the occurrence of pinholes per 1 mm of shield.
(1) 표 1 및 표 2에서 밝히고 있듯이 Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3가 10∼90％ 배합된 실험예(1)∼(36)의 것에서는, 두께 1㎜당의 납당량이 0.03㎜Pb 이상 있기 때문에, Pb를 배합하지 않아도 Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3의 배합량을 조정함으로써, 방호 에이프런, 방호 코트, 갑상선 방호구, 방호 장갑 등에 있어서의 규격치(JISZ4831)인 0.25㎜Pb를 충족시키는 것이 충분히 가능했다. 한편, Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 배합하지 않았던 비교예(1), (3), (27), (29)에서는, 방사선차폐능력이 없으며, 또한 Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 100％ 배합하고, 수지를 배합하지 않았던 비교예(2), (4), (28), (30)에서는, 방사선차폐능력이 크기는 하지만, 성형하는 것이 불가능했다. 더욱이, Sb2O3, Sn, Bi 또는 BiO3을 95％(수지가 5％) 배합했을 경우에도 성형할 수가 없었다. 한편, WO3을 10∼90％ 배합한 비교예(6)∼(14)에서는, 1㎜당의 납당량이 0.02∼0.17㎜Pb였다. 또한, BaSO4를 10∼90％ 배합한 비교예(17)∼(25)에서는, 1㎜당의 납당량이 0.01∼0.16㎜Pb였다.(1) As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, in the experimental examples (1) to (36) in which 10 to 90% of Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, Bi, or BiO 3 was blended, the lead equivalent weight per 1 mm in thickness was 0.03 0.25 mm, which is the standard value (JISZ4831) in protective aprons, protective coats, thyroid protective devices, protective gloves, etc., by adjusting the compounding amount of Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, Bi, or BiO 3 even if Pb is not included because there are not more than mmPb. It was possible enough to meet Pb. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples (1), (3), (27), and (29) in which Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, Bi, or BiO 3 was not blended, there was no radiation shielding ability, and Sb 2 O 3 , Sn, In Comparative Examples (2), (4), (28) and (30) in which Bi or BiO 3 was blended 100% and no resin was blended, the radiation shielding ability was large, but molding was not possible. Furthermore, it could not be formed even when the 95% (Resin 5%) mixed with Sb 2 O 3, Sn, Bi or BiO 3. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples (6) to (14) in which 10 to 90% of WO 3 was blended, the lead equivalent weight per 1 mm was 0.02 to 0.17 mm Pb. In Comparative Examples (17) to (25) in which BaSO 4 was blended with 10 to 90%, the lead equivalent weight per 1 mm was 0.01 to 0.16 mm Pb.
(2) 표 3에서 밝히고 있듯이 WO3, Sb2O3및 Sn이 배합된 실시예(37)의 것은 핀홀의 발생이 적으며, Pb가 배합된 비교예(31)의 것과 거의 동일한 납당량을 얻는 것과 동시에 인장강도, 인열강도, 내절성을 확보할 수가 있었다.(2) As shown in Table 3, in Example (37) containing WO 3 , Sb 2 O 3, and Sn, the occurrence of pinholes was small, and the lead equivalent amount of Pb was similar to that of Comparative Example (31). At the same time, the tensile strength, tear strength and corrosion resistance were secured.
본 발명에 관계되는 방사선차폐체에 의하면, 상기 Sb, Sn, Bi의 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말은 모두 방사선을 차폐하기 쉽기 때문에, Pb를 배합할 필요가 없으며, 방사선을 차폐할 수가 있는 것과 동시에 Pb중독이나 Pb공해의 발생을 방지할 수가 있다. 또한, Sb에 의해 난연성을 높일 수가 있다.According to the radiation shielding body according to the present invention, since all of the metallic single powder or the compound powder of Sb, Sn and Bi are easy to shield the radiation, there is no need to mix Pb, and the radiation can be shielded and Pb poisoning And Pb pollution can be prevented. Moreover, flame retardance can be improved by Sb.
또한, 상기 W의 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말, Ba화합물분말의 존재에 의해 방사선의 차폐성을 높일 수가 있는 것과 동시에 이들 금속단체분말 또는 화합물분말은 가격이 비교적 싸기 때문에, 제조코스트의 증대를 억제할 수가 있다.In addition, the shielding of radiation can be enhanced by the presence of the W single metal powder, the compound powder, or the Ba compound powder, and at the same time, the metal single powder or the compound powder is relatively inexpensive, so that the increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed. have.
또한, 상기 수지 속에 상기 W, Sb, Sn, Bi함유분말을 적정량 배합하기 때문에, 방사선을 확실히 차폐함과 동시에 시트로서의 강도를 확보할 수가 있다.In addition, since the appropriate amount of the W, Sb, Sn, and Bi-containing powder is blended in the resin, it is possible to reliably shield the radiation and to secure the strength as a sheet.
또한, 상기 수지가 열가소성인 비닐계 수지, 폴리우레탄계 수지, 폴리에틸렌계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 가소성을 유지하면서 시트로서의 강도를 충분히 확보할 수가 있으므로 방사선차폐용인 방호의(防護衣)나 커버, 커텐 등에 적용할 수가 있다.In addition, since the resin is made of any one of thermoplastic vinyl resin, polyurethane resin, and polyethylene resin, it is possible to sufficiently secure the strength as a sheet while maintaining plasticity, so that a protective shield or cover for radiation shielding is used. It can be applied to a curtain or the like.
또한, 상기 수지가 열경화성인 에폭시계 수지, 페놀계 수지, 실리콘계 수지 중 어느 하나로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 강도를 충분히 확보할 수가 있으므로 방사선차폐용인 구조부재 등에 적용할 수가 있다.In addition, since the resin is made of any one of thermosetting epoxy resin, phenol resin, and silicone resin, the strength can be sufficiently secured, and thus the resin can be applied to a structural member for radiation shielding or the like.
또한, 복수매 적층(積層)함으로써, 상기 차폐체 속에 발생하기 쉬운 핀홀이 압궤(壓潰)됨과 동시에 이들 핀홀끼리 이어져 상기 차폐체 속을 관통하는 것을 대폭적으로 감소시킬 수가 있다. 이 결과, 상기 핀홀을 통해서 방사선이 투과하는 것을 저지하여 방사선의 투과를 확실히 저지할 수가 있다.In addition, by stacking a plurality of sheets, pinholes easily generated in the shielding body can be collapsed, and at the same time, the pinholes can be connected to and penetrate the shielding body significantly. As a result, it is possible to prevent the transmission of radiation through the pinhole and to reliably prevent the transmission of radiation.
또한, 상기 압출성형법, 캘린더가공, 코팅법 또는 금형성형법을 채용함으로써, 상기 시트상(狀)의 방사선차폐체를 용이하게 제조할 수가 있으며, 또한 상기 래미네이트가공에 의해, 상기 시트상의 방사선차폐체 속에 발생한 핀홀을 제거하면서 적층시킬 수가 있어 적층된 차폐체로는 핀홀의 관통이 확실히 저지되기 때문에, 방사선차폐능력이 뛰어난 방사선차폐체를 제조할 수가 있다.In addition, by employing the extrusion molding, calendering, coating, or mold molding, the sheet-shaped radiation shielding body can be easily manufactured, and the lamination processing generates the sheet-shaped radiation shielding body. Since the pinholes can be laminated while removing the pinholes, the penetration of the pinholes is reliably prevented from the laminated shielding body, so that a radiation shielding body having excellent radiation shielding ability can be manufactured.
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| KR100909074B1 (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-07-23 | 서은미 | Radiation shielding material |
| KR100909075B1 (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-07-23 | 서은미 | Radiation shielding fiber |
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| JPS54151797A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-11-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Protective clothes for handling radioactive substance |
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