KR102030215B1 - Apparatus and method for synthesizing carbon nanotube - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesizing apparatus and a method for synthesizing carbon nanotubes, and according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a long CNT with excellent crystallinity, in particular, pure single-walled carbon nanotubes ( SWCNT).
In addition, it can be applied to the synthesis of CNT fibers by producing a CNT having improved properties as described above.

Description

Apparatus and method for synthesizing carbon nanotube

The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus and method for synthesizing long carbon nanotubes while maintaining excellent crystallinity in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes.

Conventional carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis methods include electric discharge, laser fixation, plasma chemical vapor deposition, thermochemical vapor deposition, and gas phase growth. The vapor phase growth method, which is mainly used among the above methods, can generally use an electric furnace heating method. In the electric furnace, a catalytic reaction such as ferrocene and a production reaction of CNT may be generated in a tubular reaction apparatus such as a quartz tube, thereby allowing continuous production of CNTs. However, such a method may have difficulty in generating pure single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) because it is difficult to maintain a small size and uniform distribution of catalyst particles due to problems such as an elevated temperature range.

Alternatively, in the case of the synthesis method using thermal plasma, it is possible to form a uniform catalyst due to the high temperature of the plasma, but due to the relatively short reaction time and difficulty in controlling the reaction time, There may be limitations in synthesizing long and good CNTs.

In addition, when the CNT synthesis proceeds through the pretreatment process to activate the catalyst, the pretreatment process section and the synthesis and reaction process section may be separated and managed separately, which may be inefficient.

Therefore, there is a need for the development of improved devices for CNT synthesis.

An object of the present invention is to provide a device for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT).

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a CNT synthesis method for efficient production by simplifying the CNT synthesis process with the above apparatus.

The present invention

A vertical reactor body having a reaction zone;

A reaction raw material injector provided at an upper end of the reaction zone;

Plasma generating means provided at an upper end of the reaction raw material injection unit; And

A carbon nanotube outlet provided at the bottom of the reaction zone;

It provides a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus having a.

According to one embodiment, the reaction raw material injected into the reaction raw material injection unit is heated by the plasma generated from the plasma generating means to form an initial CNT, so that the generated initial CNT is moved while moving downward along the reaction region It may be.

According to one embodiment, the plasma torch may be gas, electricity, electromagnetic waves, high frequency, or a combination thereof as a plasma source.

According to one embodiment, a heating means for heating the reaction zone may be further provided.

According to one embodiment, the reaction raw material injection portion may be provided with a gas injection hole, a carbon source and a catalyst injection hole.

According to one embodiment, the gas inlet, the carbon source and the catalyst inlet toward the center of the upper end of the reaction zone, may be arranged to face each other.

According to another embodiment, the gas injection hole, the carbon source and the catalyst injection hole may be disposed toward the center of the upper end of the reaction zone, the vertical height is different from each other.

According to one embodiment, the carbon source and the catalyst may be injected in a form in which the catalyst or catalyst precursor is dispersed in the carbon source in the liquid phase.

According to another embodiment, the reaction raw material injection portion may further include a transfer gas injection portion.

According to one embodiment, the lower portion of the reactor may be further provided with a laminar flow forming unit.

According to one embodiment, the gas may be a reducing gas, an inert gas or a combination thereof.

According to one embodiment, the catalyst may comprise iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, yttrium, platinum, ruthenium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, zirconium, palladium, silicon or combinations thereof.

According to one embodiment, the carbon source is ethane, ethanol, ethylene, methane, methanol, propane, propene, propanol, acetone, xylene, carbon monoxide, chloroform, ethylacetic acid, acetylene, diethyl ether, polyethylene glycol, ethyl formate , Mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene), tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, hexane, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, pentane or combinations thereof.

The present invention also provides a CNT synthesis method using the CNT synthesis apparatus, and furthermore, a CNT fiber synthesis method.

Other specific details of embodiments of the present invention are included in the following detailed description.

According to the carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis apparatus and the CNT synthesis method according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a long CNT with excellent crystallinity, in particular, it is possible to provide a pure single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT). .

In addition, it can be applied to the synthesis of CNT fibers by producing a CNT having improved properties as described above.

1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a projection electron microscope (TEM) picture of the carbon nanotubes according to Example 1.
3 is a graph showing a Raman analysis result of the carbon nanotubes prepared according to Example 1
4 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of carbon nanotubes according to the length of the reactor according to Example 2. FIG.

As the invention allows for various changes and numerous embodiments, particular embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the written description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all transformations, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

When a component is referred to herein as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is to be understood that the other component may be directly connected or connected to or may be in between. .

Singular expressions include plural expressions unless otherwise specified.

Terms such as “comprises”, “comprises” or “having” refer to the presence of features, values, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, other features not mentioned, It does not exclude the possibility that numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof may be present or added.

As used herein, the term "carbon nanotube fiber" refers to both carbon nanotubes formed by growing in a fiber form or a plurality of carbon nanotubes formed by fusing into a fiber form.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis apparatus and a carbon nanotube synthesis method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Specifically, the device according to the present invention

A vertical reactor body having a reaction zone 10;

A reaction raw material injection part 13 provided at an upper end of the reaction area;

Plasma generating means (14) provided on an upper portion of the reaction raw material injection portion; And

A carbon nanotube outlet (not shown) provided at the bottom of the reaction zone;

It provides a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus having a.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heating means 12 for heating the reaction zone may be further provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the problem of each CNT synthesizing apparatus using an electric furnace or plasma, CNT synthesis having a plasma generating unit on top of a reactor having a heating zone (for example, an electric furnace) is provided. An apparatus is provided.

By combining the plasma and the electric furnace into one CNT synthesis apparatus, continuous production of CNTs by the catalyst is possible, and CNTs having excellent crystallinity can be obtained due to the generation of small and uniform catalyst particles. In addition, the conventional thermal plasma synthesis method to compensate the shortcomings of the short reaction time of the CNT, it is possible to synthesize a long CNT.

Specifically, according to the present invention, the reaction raw material injected into the reaction raw material injection unit 13 is heated by the plasma 15 generated from the plasma generating means 14 to form an initial CNT, the generated initial CNT It may be to grow while moving downward along the reaction region (10).

When the carbon source is thermally decomposed into hydrogen and a carbon component by the plasma 15 at the initial stage of the CNT synthesis reaction, the carbon component decomposed meets the catalyst fine particles, and the synthesis of CNT is initiated. It may be introduced into the reaction zone 10 heated by 12) to continue growth. The initially produced CNTs can be formed by the plasma 15 with very small catalysts, for example, to form initial particles of a few nm to several tens of nm in size, and descend along the reaction zone 10 to the CNTs. The length may increase. In this process, the crystallinity may be excellent due to the high temperature of the thermal plasma.

The apparatus according to the present invention is capable of forming a catalyst having a smaller size compared to a fluidized bed reactor in which the reaction raw material is supplied from the bottom of the reaction zone to the top of the reaction, and as a result, a thinner carbon nanotube can be manufactured. There is this.

As a result, the CNTs by the CNT synthesis apparatus according to the present invention may have a diameter of several nm to several tens of nm and a length of several μm to several cm. In particular, pure single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) having improved crystallinity may be synthesized by reaction and growth at high temperatures. This feature is difficult to implement due to the low reaction temperature in the method using a fluidized bed reactor.

On the other hand, the plasma may be classified into a high temperature plasma and a low temperature plasma according to the temperature, and the high temperature plasma may include arc plasma, high temperature glow plasma, and the like, and may be used for fusion, melting point, cutting, ion propulsion engine, thermal spraying, and the like. Glow, corona, equilibrium arc, dusty, gliding plasma and the like can be used in chemical processes, material synthesis, surface modification, material reduction and decomposition, electronics industry, environmental industry. The low temperature plasma may be useful to avoid thermal deformation due to thermal contact during the process, and may have a characteristic of having a large electron energy compared to thermal energy. In addition, a type of plasma includes a thermal plasma having a relatively low temperature but a high heat capacity, and may generate thermal plasma by the plasma torch.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plasma generating unit may be a plasma torch using gas, electricity, electromagnetic waves, high frequency, or a combination thereof as a source. Specifically, for example, the plasma torch may include a gas plasma torch, an electric plasma torch, a high frequency plasma torch, a DC-high frequency hybrid plasma torch, and the like according to a source.

The structure of the plasma torch may include a common electrode, a nozzle (chip), a cap, a cooling water inlet, a gas inlet, and the like, and an internal structure may vary depending on the type of working gas and the electrode material. For example, the plasma torch may include a tungsten electrode rod, and argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, or a combination thereof as a gas supply source, and the gas supply method may be an axial flow type. In addition, the gas supply method may be a swirl flow type. In addition, a gas, cooling water, or a combination thereof may be used as the auxiliary fluid, for example, carbon dioxide gas may be used as the auxiliary gas. In addition, the plasma torch may be a water-cooled or air-cooled plasma torch. In the CNT synthesis process, the plasma torch can treat the catalyst with particulates to initiate the reaction of the carbon source and the catalyst, and the temperature of the heat generated by the plasma torch can be tens of thousands to tens of thousands of degrees Celsius.

According to one embodiment, the reaction raw material injection portion 13 is provided at the top of the reaction region 10 and the lower portion of the plasma generator 14. In addition, the reaction raw material injector 13 may include a carbon source, a catalyst inlet 1, and a gas inlet 2. These injection holes (1, 2) may be formed to extend toward the center from the outside of the reactor.

According to another embodiment, a plurality of the gas inlet 2 and the carbon source and the catalyst inlet 1 may be formed, respectively, for example, may be two or three, respectively.

The reaction raw material injector 13 may be formed of a material including quartz, graphite, or the like, which is not reactive.

According to one embodiment, the gas inlet (2), the carbon source and the catalyst inlet (1) toward the center of the upper end of the reaction zone, may be arranged to face each other.

According to another embodiment, the gas inlet 2, the carbon source and the catalyst inlet 1 may be disposed toward the center of the upper end of the reaction zone, the vertical height is different from each other.

According to another embodiment, the gas inlet 2 may be located at a position relatively lower than the carbon source and the catalyst inlet 1.

The carbon source and the catalyst inlet may be the same or may not be the same. For example, the carbon source and the catalyst may be mixed and injected through the same inlet at the same time, or the carbon source and the catalyst may be injected through different inlets.

According to one embodiment, the catalyst or catalyst precursor may be injected in a dispersed form in a liquid carbon source.

According to one embodiment, it is also possible to further include a transfer gas inlet for the smooth transfer of the generated carbon nanotubes.

In addition, it is also possible to further inject a solvent, a surfactant, etc. as necessary through the injection port (1, 2).

The injection holes 1 and 2 may have a circular or angled shape formed of fine holes, and may serve to supply a carbon source at a predetermined flow rate. In addition, a ceramic filter may be provided at the inlet to concentrate the inflow of the source when the source is introduced into the reactor and to prevent the source from being dispersed toward the wall of the reactor. In addition, in order to facilitate the injection of gas, carbon source and catalyst may be additionally provided with a flow rate control device outside the inlet.

According to one embodiment, the injection method of the gas, the catalyst and the carbon source is not particularly limited, and bubbling, ultrasonic jet injection, vaporization injection, spray spraying, pulsed inflow using a pump, and the like may be applied. Each inlet may apply a different way.

According to one embodiment, the gas may be an inert gas, a reducing gas, or a combination thereof. Examples of the inert gas include argon and nitrogen, and examples of the reducing gas include hydrogen and ammonia. The gas may include argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, neon, krypton, chlorine or combinations thereof, and may include, for example, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide or combinations thereof. The gas is discharged together by reacting with amorphous carbon or impurities that may be generated during the CNT synthesis process, thereby improving the purity of the synthesized CNTs, and acting as a carrier for transporting the catalyst and the CNTs, as a carbon source. It can also play a role. For example, the injection speed of the gas may be injected at a linear speed of 0.5 to 50 cm / min, and may vary depending on the type of transport gas, the size of the reactor, the type of catalyst, and the like.

According to one embodiment, the catalyst may be liquid or gas phase, and may serve as a synthesis initiator in the synthesis of CNTs. The catalyst may include, for example, iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, yttrium, platinum, ruthenium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, zirconium, palladium, silicon or combinations thereof, and may include oxides, alloys, nitrides, carbides, It may consist of sulfides, sulfur oxides, nitrates, mixtures, organic complexes or combinations thereof and may be included as a catalyst precursor. For example, the catalyst may be a compound such as metallocene, which collectively refers to a bis (cyclopentadienyl) metal, which is a new organometallic compound in which a cyclopentadiene and a transition metal are bonded in a sandwich structure, and the cyclopentadiene is an electron. Since it is abundant, an electrophilic reaction, an acylation, and an alkylation reaction can be performed. Specific examples of the metallocene include ferrocene, cobaltocene, osmocene, and ruthenocene. Among these, ferrocene, which is a compound of iron, is relatively thermally stable compared to most metallocenes and does not decompose to 470 ° C. Can be.

Specific examples of the catalyst include ferrocene, molybdenum hexacarbonyl, cyclopentadienyl cobalt dicarbonyl ((C ₅ H ₅ ) Co (CO) ₂ ), nickel dimethylglyoxime, ferric chloride (FeCl ₃ ), iron acetate hydroxide And compounds containing at least one of iron acetylacetonate or iron pentacarbonyl. When the amount of the catalyst is excessive compared to the carbon source, it may be difficult to obtain a high purity CNT by acting as an impurity, and may be a factor that inhibits the thermal, electrical and physical properties of the CNT. Can be selected and adjusted. In addition, the catalyst may be supplied in a dissolved state in an organic solvent including one or more compounds such as water, ethanol, methanol, benzene, xylene, toluene, and the like.

The catalyst may be, for example, a sulfur-containing compound as a cocatalyst, and specific examples thereof include sulfur-containing aliphatic compounds such as methylthiol, methylethylsulfide, dimethylthioketone, and the like; Sulfur-containing aromatic compounds such as phenylthiol, diphenyl sulfide and the like; Sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine, quinoline, benzothiophene, thiophene, and the like, preferably thiophene. Thiophene reduces the melting point of the catalyst and removes the amorphous carbon, allowing the synthesis of high purity carbon nanotubes at low temperatures. The content of the catalytic activator may also affect the structure of the carbon nanotubes. For example, when thiophene is mixed in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight with respect to ethanol, multi-walled carbon nanotube fibers may be obtained, and ethanol When the thiophene is mixed in an amount of 0.5% by weight or less, single-walled carbon nanotubes can be obtained.

According to one embodiment, by controlling the concentration of the catalyst or catalyst precursor, it is possible to control the synthesis rate, length, diameter, surface state and the like of the CNTs. For example, increasing the concentration of the injected catalyst increases the catalyst fine particles in the reactor, so that the number of synthesized CNTs can increase, and thus the diameter of the CNTs can be made smaller. On the other hand, if the concentration of the catalyst is reduced, the CNT diameter may increase because the number of CNTs produced is smaller.

According to one embodiment, the carbon source may be gaseous or liquid, for example, ethane, ethylene, ethanol, methane, methanol, propane, propene, propanol, acetone, xylene, carbon monoxide, chloroform, acetylene, ethylacetic acid , Diethyl ether, polyethylene glycol, ethyl formate, mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene), tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, carbon tetrachloride, naphthalene, anthracene, dichloromethane, ketone, ether, hexane, Heptane, octane, pentane, pentene, hexene, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, toluene or combinations thereof.

According to one embodiment, the carbon source may overlap with a gas source containing carbon. For example, when the carbon compound included in the raw material source is benzene, the carbon source included in the raw material gas may include benzene, propylene, One having the same or lower molecular weight, such as ethylene or methane, may be selected by a person skilled in the art according to the process conditions.

According to one embodiment, the heating means 12 for heating the reaction zone 10 may be of various types, for example, hydrothermal furnace, high temperature vacuum furnace, redox furnace, vertical furnace, water Balanced electric furnaces, large capacity electric furnaces and the like. In addition, the electric furnace may include a heating element, a fireproof material, a temperature sensor, a control unit and the like. The heating element may include a metal heating element, a non-metal heating element, and the like, and the metal heating element may include, for example, a metal heating element including molybdenum, tungsten, platinum, tantalum, and the like, and iron, chromium, nickel, aluminum, and the like. Alloy heating elements and the like. The nonmetallic heating element may include, for example, silicon carbide, molybdenum disilicide, lanthanum chromite, graphene, zirconia, and the like. The fireproofing agent may include, for example, a ceramic fiber board, a ceramic blanket, and the like, and may serve to minimize the loss of heat generated in the internal heating element by insulating the electric furnace from the outside. The temperature sensor is an apparatus for detecting the temperature inside the furnace, and may be contact or non-contact. For example, the contact temperature sensor may include a thermocouple temperature sensor and the like, and the non-contact temperature sensor may include a radiation temperature sensor and the like. The control device may serve to control temperature and power, and may include a detection unit and an operation unit for adjusting or adjusting power based on the temperature change data obtained through the temperature sensor.

According to one embodiment, the heating means 12 may be provided in a form that completely or partially surrounds the outside of the reactor body, the reactor may have heat resistance and pressure resistance. The size of the reactor is not particularly limited and may be appropriately set according to the introduction amount of the source and the like. In detail, the reactor having heat resistance and pressure resistance may be formed of a material including quartz, graphite, stainless steel, aluminum steel, silicon carbide, ceramic, glass, or the like, or may be a tubular or box type coated with the material. During the synthesis process, all or part of the reactor may be heated to 1,000 to 3,000 ° C. to sustain the growth of the CNTs. The temperature in the reactor can affect the diffusion rate of carbon. By controlling the temperature in the reactor it is possible to control the growth rate of the CNT, and in general, the higher the temperature, the faster the growth rate of the CNT, the crystallinity and the strength can be increased.

According to one embodiment, the carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus may further include a gas and a CNT outlet. The outlet may be provided at the bottom of the CNT synthesis apparatus in a state connected to the reactor. CNT initiated reaction and synthesis by the plasma torch is introduced into the reactor, and the CNT initiated synthesis can be continuously grown and pushed out with the gas and discharged to the outlet as the CNT is moved from the top to the bottom of the reactor.

According to one embodiment, the CNT synthesizing apparatus may further include a laminar flow forming unit, and the laminar flow may serve to improve reaction time and characteristics of CNT by dispersing source particles in a reactor. Specifically, the laminar flow forming unit which may be formed at the bottom of the reactor may increase the reaction time of the CNT by increasing the residence time of the small catalyst and the CNT in the reactor. As a result, CNT fiber production may also be possible.

According to the CNT synthesizing apparatus, a catalyst pretreatment process, a CNT synthesizing process, and a CNT recovery process may be continuously performed in one apparatus, and by combining the CNT synthesizing apparatus with a device other than the above-described component parts, It can be applied to simplify and apply the CNT synthesis process. For example, in addition to the CNT synthesizing unit component, the transfer unit, the post-treatment unit, the washing unit, etc. may be combined to perform an additional process. For example, the CNT synthesizing apparatus may additionally include winding means in addition to the component to easily obtain CNT fibers.

According to the CNT synthesis apparatus of the present invention as described above, it is possible to control the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) or multi-walled CNTs depending on the injection rate or injection amount of the gas, carbon source and catalyst to be injected. In addition, since SWCNTs can be greatly influenced by electronic properties due to slight structural changes in diameter and atomic lattice arrangement, the CNT synthesis apparatus can satisfy a reliable method for producing structurally uniform SWCNTs.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Example 1 Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes Using a Thermal Plasma Apparatus

Carbon nanotubes were manufactured under the following conditions using a thermal plasma apparatus having a length of 10 cm in a reactor. As a thermal plasma device, a DC thermal plasma torch was used, and experiments were performed under conditions of 25V and 200A at a torch output of 10kW. Argon gas is injected through the reaction raw material inlet (2) at a flow rate of 5 to 20 cc / min, and 10 to 1,000 ml / min of ethylene is supplied as a carbon source through the reaction raw material inlet (1) located at the top of the reactor. At a flow rate, ferrocin was supplied at a rate of 0.001 to 0.1 g / min as a catalyst and reacted for 5 to 20 minutes to synthesize carbon nanotubes.

Specifically, a photograph of carbon nanotubes synthesized under an ethylene flow rate of 500 ml / min and a ferrosine feed rate of 0.002 g / min under a projection-type transfer microscope (TEM) is shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the synthesized carbon nanotubes include a double wall and a triple wall, but most of them are synthesized as single-wall carbon nanotubes.

In addition, the Raman analysis results of the synthesized carbon nanotubes are shown in FIG. 3. In general, the carbon nanotubes according to the present invention compared to the carbon nanotubes can be confirmed that the peak size of the D band is very small compared to the size of the G band crystal is excellent.

Example 2 Carbon Nanotube Synthesis According to the Change of Length of Thermal Plasma Apparatus

Carbon nanotubes were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the reactor was 5, 10, and 15 cm. A photograph of the synthesized carbon nanotubes observed with a scanning electron microscope is shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the longer the length of the reactor is longer the length of the carbon nanotubes produced.

As described above in detail specific parts of the present invention, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that such specific descriptions are merely preferred embodiments, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. something to do. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (15)

A vertical reactor body having a reaction zone;
A reaction raw material injector provided at an upper end of the reaction zone;
Plasma generating means provided at an upper end of the reaction raw material injection unit; And
And a carbon nanotube outlet provided at the bottom of the reaction zone,
The reaction raw material injection portion is provided with a gas injection hole, a carbon source and a catalyst injection hole,
The gas inlet, the carbon source and the catalyst inlet are provided on the side of the reaction zone to face the center, are disposed to face each other,
The gas inlet is disposed in a position lower than the carbon source and the catalyst inlet carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus is formed different from each other in the vertical height. The method of claim 1,
Carbon nanotube synthesis in which the reaction raw material injected into the reaction raw material injection unit is heated by the plasma generated from the plasma generating means to form initial CNTs, and the generated initial CNTs move downward along the reaction zone. Device. The method of claim 1,
The plasma generating means is a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus using a gas, electricity, electromagnetic waves, high frequency or a combination thereof as a plasma source. The method of claim 1,
Carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus further comprises a heating means for heating the reaction zone. delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
Wherein the carbon source and the catalyst is a carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus that is injected in the form of a catalyst or catalyst precursor dispersed in a liquid carbon source. The method of claim 1,
Carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus further comprising a transfer gas injection unit in the reaction raw material injection unit. The method of claim 1,
Carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus further comprising a laminar flow forming portion in the lower portion of the reactor. The method of claim 1,
Carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus wherein the gas comprises a reducing gas, an inert gas or a combination thereof. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the catalyst comprises iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, yttrium, platinum, ruthenium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, zirconium, palladium, silicon or combinations thereof. The method of claim 1,
The carbon source is ethane, ethanol, ethylene, methane, methanol, propane, propene, propanol, acetone, xylene, carbon monoxide, chloroform, ethyl acetic acid, acetylene, diethyl ether, polyethylene glycol, ethyl formate, mesitylene (1, 3,5-trimethylbenzene), tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, hexane, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, pentane or a combination thereof. A method for producing carbon nanotubes using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 8 to 13. A method for producing carbon nanotube fibers using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 8 to 13.

Images