KR100657225B1 - 전지의 안전성을 향상시키기 위한 전해액 용매 및 이를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
전지의 안전성을 향상시키기 위한 전해액 용매 및 이를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- GIHPIZYAGJBMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].C1(OCCO1)=O Chemical compound [F].C1(OCCO1)=O GIHPIZYAGJBMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- MJIULRNAOLSIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C.OC(O)=O MJIULRNAOLSIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQCQTPBVJCWETB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound FC1=COC(=O)O1 ZQCQTPBVJCWETB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008028 secondary esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 17
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1COC(=O)O1 GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000019000 fluorine Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 fluorine-substituted carbonate Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
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- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N chlorin Chemical compound C\1=C/2\N/C(=C\C3=N/C(=C\C=4NC(/C=C\5/C=CC/1=N/5)=CC=4)/C=C3)/CC\2 SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0034—Fluorinated solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
용매 | 점도 (상온) | 유전상수 | 분자량 |
F1EC | 4.1 | 78.4 | 106.1 |
trans-F2EC | 2.5 | 37.1 | 124.0 |
TFPC | 5.0 | 62.5 | 156.0 |
EC | 2.5 | 89 | 88.1 |
PC | 2.53 | 65 | 102.1 |
DMC | 0.59 | 3.1 | 90.1 |
EMC | 0.65 | 3.0 | 104.1 |
DEC | 0.75 | 2.8 | 118.1 |
EA | 0.44 | 6.0 | 88.11 |
MP | 0.43 | 6.2 | 88.11 |
LiPF6 (농도 M) | F1EC (부피%) | EC (부피%) | PC (부피%) | EMC (부피%) | DMC (부피%) | |
실시예 1 | 0.8 | 25 | 75 | |||
실시예 2 | 0.8 | 33 | 67 | |||
실시예 3 | 0.8 | 40 | 60 | |||
실시예 4 | 0.8 | 50 | 50 | |||
실시예 5 | 0.8 | 60 | 40 | |||
실시예 6 | 1.0 | 33 | 67 | |||
실시예 7 | 1.2 | 33 | 67 | |||
실시예 8 | 0.8 | 25 | 75 | |||
실시예 9 | 0.8 | 33 | 67 | |||
실시예 10 | 0.8 | 40 | 60 | |||
실시예 11 | 0.8 | 50 | 50 | |||
실시예 12 | 0.8 | 60 | 40 | |||
비교예 1 | 0.8 | 10 | 90 | |||
비교예 2 | 0.8 | 70 | 30 | |||
비교예 3 | 0.8 | 33 | 67 | |||
비교예 4 | 0.8 | 33 | 67 | |||
비교예 5 | 0.8 | 23 | 10 | 67 |
비교예 6 | 0.8 | 13 | 20 | 67 | ||
비교예 7 | 0.8 | 50 | 50 |
상온이온 전도도 (mS/cm) | 방전 특성 (용량1C/ 용량0.2C) % | 충전 전압 (V) | 150 ℃에서 유지시간 | |
실시예 1 | 8.24 | 97.5 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 2 | 8.40 | 94.6 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 3 | 8.60 | 96.1 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 4 | 7.95 | 96.2 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 5 | 7.56 | 93.5 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 6 | 8.88 | 97.5 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 7 | 8.47 | 97.7 | 4.2 | 32분 |
실시예 8 | 10.5 | 98.1 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 9 | 10.6 | 98.2 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 10 | 9.9 | 97.6 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 11 | 9.5 | 97.5 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
실시예 12 | 8.7 | 96.3 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
비교예 1 | 6.25 | 94.3 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
비교예 2 | 7.04 | 95.5 | 4.2 | 90분이상 |
비교예 3 | 8.9 | 96.5 | 4.2 | 30분 |
비교예 4 | 11.8 | 98.1 | 4.2 | 25분 |
비교예 5 | 8.41 | 97.1 | 4.2 | 60분 |
비교예 6 | 8.56 | 97.0 | 4.2 | 30분 |
비교예 7 | 5.8 | -* | 4.2 | -* |
-* 전해액의 높은 점도로 인하여 전극이 함침되지 않아 실험 불가. |
Claims (5)
- 플루오르 에틸렌 카보네이트를 20 내지 60 부피% 범위로 포함하고 충전 전압 4.35V (~4.35V)에서도 사용 가능한 이차 전지용 전해액 용매로서, 선형 에스테르계 용매를 사용하여 이온 전도도가 7 mS/cm 이상으로 조절된 것이 특징인 이차전지용 전해액 용매.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 선형 에스테르계 용매는 총 전해액 용매 기준으로 부피 비율 40 내지 80%로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 전해액 용매.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 플루오르 에틸렌 카보네이트는 모노플루오르 에틸렌 카보네이트 및 디플루오르 에틸렌 카보네이트로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 전해액 용매.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 선형 에스테르계 용매는 에틸메틸 카보네이트, 디메틸 카보네이트, 디에틸 카보네이트, 에틸 아세테이트 및 메틸 프로피오네이트로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 전해액 용매.
- 양극, 음극 및 전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지에 있어서, 상기 전해액은 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 하나의 항의 이차 전지용 전해액 용매 및 리튬염을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
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KR1020040071019A KR100751205B1 (ko) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-06 | 전지의 성능을 향상시키기 위한 전해액 및 이를 포함하는리튬 이차 전지 |
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JP2007504628A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
US20050031963A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
EP1661200A4 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
EP1661200B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
KR20050025101A (ko) | 2005-03-11 |
CN102104172A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
US20120177999A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
JP4536724B2 (ja) | 2010-09-01 |
EP2605323B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
US8158285B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
US8288039B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
BRPI0413390B1 (pt) | 2017-09-12 |
CN1846326A (zh) | 2006-10-11 |
EP1661200A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
TW200520276A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
BRPI0413390A (pt) | 2006-10-17 |
US8372549B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
KR20050024270A (ko) | 2005-03-10 |
EP2605323A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
TWI255060B (en) | 2006-05-11 |
KR100751205B1 (ko) | 2007-08-22 |
US20120177956A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
CN102104172B (zh) | 2017-08-08 |
WO2005024991A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
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