JPH07280078A - Automatic speed change gear utilizing centrifugal force - Google Patents
Automatic speed change gear utilizing centrifugal forceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07280078A JPH07280078A JP6278318A JP27831894A JPH07280078A JP H07280078 A JPH07280078 A JP H07280078A JP 6278318 A JP6278318 A JP 6278318A JP 27831894 A JP27831894 A JP 27831894A JP H07280078 A JPH07280078 A JP H07280078A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- spool
- output shaft
- centrifugal force
- link member
- automatic transmission
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0262—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being hydraulic
- F16H61/0265—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being hydraulic for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signals
- F16H61/0267—Layout of hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves
- F16H61/0269—Layout of hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves characterised by low integration or small number of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0293—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being purely mechanical
- F16H61/0295—Automatic gear shift control, e.g. initiating shift by centrifugal forces
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は自動車又は重装備等に適
用される遠心力を利用した自動変速装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic transmission utilizing centrifugal force applied to an automobile or heavy equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の重装備用変速装置は一般的に半自
動（Semi-auto）方式を採択している。このような半自
動変速装置は、加速程度に従って運転者がいちいち人為
的な変速捜査を行わなければならない面倒があった。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional transmission for heavy equipment generally adopts a semi-auto system. In such a semi-automatic transmission, the driver has to perform an artificial shift investigation according to the degree of acceleration.
【０００３】又、重装備用変速装置の場合、大体１段と
２段の２つの単数のみからなっており、それにより１段
対２段のギア比は約6.876：1.80程度に及び最高走行速
度比は約９Ｋｍ／ｈ：３３．４Ｋｍ／ｈ程度であるので
変速時の衝撃と副作用がひどかった。Further, in the case of a gearbox for heavy equipment, it is generally composed of only two single gears, one and two, so that the gear ratio of one gear to two gears is about 6.876: 1.80 and the maximum running speed. Since the ratio was about 9 Km / h: 33.4 Km / h, the impact and side effects during shifting were severe.
【０００４】このような変速時の衝撃と、特に高速から
低速に変速するときのギア比に伴う突然な減速に因る車
体転覆等の危険を防止し、変速装置の寿命を保全するた
めに、２段から１段に変速するとき、走行速度が１段の
最高走行速度範囲（９Ｋｍ／ｈ）まで減速されなければ
変速が起こらないようにするいわゆる、ガーバーナー
（govenor）装置の採用が必須的であった。結局、上の
如きガーバーナー装置等の採用に因り油圧回路が極めて
複雑となる短所があった。In order to prevent such a shock at the time of shifting and a risk of overturning of the vehicle body due to a sudden deceleration caused by a gear ratio when shifting from a high speed to a low speed, and to maintain the life of the transmission, When shifting from the 2nd speed to the 1st speed, it is essential to adopt a so-called govenor device that prevents the speed change from occurring unless the traveling speed is reduced to the maximum traveling speed range of the 1st speed (9 km / h). Met. In the end, there is a disadvantage that the hydraulic circuit becomes extremely complicated due to the adoption of the Gerberner device as described above.
【０００５】一方、上のような半自動変速装置の短所を
解決するために、自動車等に普通採用される自動（full
-auto）変速装置の重装備に対する適用が拡大されてい
る。かかる自動変速装置は、最初１段の速度から出発し
たあと、漸次的に加速となって１段最高走行速度範囲に
到達すれば自動的に２段にシフトアップ（Shift up）と
なり、２段で走行していたが、漸次減速となって再び１
段最高走行速度範囲に到達すると自動的に１段にシフト
ダウン（shift down）されるので、運転者は走行中変速
に全く神経を使わなくてもよい長所がある。On the other hand, in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the semi-automatic transmission, the automatic (full
-auto) The application to heavy equipment of transmission is expanded. Such an automatic transmission first starts from the first speed, then gradually accelerates to reach the first maximum speed range, and automatically shifts to the second speed (Shift up). It was running, but gradually decelerated and became 1 again.
Since the vehicle is automatically downshifted to the 1st speed when the maximum speed range is reached, the driver does not have to use any nerve to shift gears while driving.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上のよ
うな従来の自動変速装置は、走行速度を持続的に測定す
るための速度センサー（Speed Sensor）と、これから得
られた走行速度値を既設定された変速可能速度値と比較
して変速制御命令を下すためのＥＣＵ（Electronic Con
trol Unit）及び該ＥＣＵによってスプール（Spool）の
作動範囲が精密に制御される弁等多数の高価部品を必要
としたので、変速段数が２段程度に限定されている重装
備に適用するには多少非経済的な問題点があった。且つ
自動車とは異なり重装備の場合には殆ど作業環境が極度
に劣悪であるため、前述の電子部品等がたやすく損傷さ
れるおそれが多かったので、耐久性及び作動の信頼性に
おいて相当な問題点が提起される実情であった。However, in the conventional automatic transmission as described above, the speed sensor for continuously measuring the traveling speed and the traveling speed value obtained from the speed sensor are preset. The ECU (Electronic Control) for issuing a shift control command by comparing the shiftable speed value
control unit) and a large number of expensive parts such as valves whose operating range of the spool is precisely controlled by the ECU. Therefore, in order to apply it to heavy equipment where the number of gears is limited to about two. There were some uneconomical problems. Moreover, unlike heavy vehicles, the work environment is extremely poor in the case of heavy equipment, and the above-mentioned electronic parts, etc. were likely to be easily damaged, so there was a considerable problem in terms of durability and operational reliability. It was the fact that points were raised.
【０００７】従って、本発明の目的は、簡単な機械的構
成で十分な耐久性と信頼性のある作動を保障し得る自動
変速装置を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic transmission device which can ensure sufficient durability and reliable operation with a simple mechanical structure.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】このような目的を達成す
るための本発明の１態様によれば、弁機構内のスプール
移動による油路選択に従って少なくとも２つ以上の変速
ギア中のいずれかの１つが選択的に接続され出力軸の速
度が可変調節される変速装置に適用され、前記スプール
を前記弁機構に対して所定の設定圧力で弾性バイアスす
る圧力設定スプリングと、前記出力軸によって回転さ
れ、回転時回転速度と比例して作用される遠心力を直線
方向移動力に変換してこの直線方向移動力によって前記
圧力設定スプリングの設定圧力に対抗して前記スプール
を移動させるリンク手段を備えて構成されることを特徴
とする遠心力を利用した自動変速装置が提供される。According to one aspect of the present invention for achieving such an object, any one of at least two or more transmission gears is selected according to an oil passage selection by spool movement in a valve mechanism. One of which is applied to a transmission in which the speed of an output shaft is variably adjusted by being selectively connected, and a pressure setting spring that elastically biases the spool at a predetermined set pressure with respect to the valve mechanism and a pressure setting spring that is rotated by the output shaft. A link means for converting the centrifugal force acting in proportion to the rotational speed during rotation into a linear movement force and moving the spool against the set pressure of the pressure setting spring by the linear movement force. An automatic transmission utilizing centrifugal force is provided which is characterized in that it is configured.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の好ましき
実施例を説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１０】図１は本発明の１実施例による自動変速装
置を図示している。FIG. 1 illustrates an automatic transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【００１１】図示されたように、ハウジング１内に出力
軸（output shaft）２が回転可能に支持され、該出力軸
２の１端部に出力軸２と共に回転される弁機構３が設け
られる。該弁機構３には１段ギア接続のための１段クラ
ッチ（図示しない）に圧油を供給する１段ポート４と２
段ギア接続のための２段クラッチ（図示しない）に圧油
を供給する２段ポット５が形成されている。弁機構３内
にはスプール６が移動可能に設けられ、該スプール６の
移動によって前述の１段ポート４及び２段ポート５の開
閉が切換えられ変速作動が行われる。As shown in the drawing, an output shaft 2 is rotatably supported in a housing 1, and a valve mechanism 3 which is rotated together with the output shaft 2 is provided at one end of the output shaft 2. The valve mechanism 3 has first-stage ports 4 and 2 for supplying pressure oil to a first-stage clutch (not shown) for connecting a first-stage gear.
A two-step pot 5 for supplying pressure oil to a two-step clutch (not shown) for connecting a step gear is formed. A spool 6 is movably provided in the valve mechanism 3, and the movement of the spool 6 switches the opening and closing of the first-stage port 4 and the second-stage port 5 to perform a gear shift operation.
【００１２】一方、前述のスプール６は弁機構３の内側
に設けられた圧力設定スプリング７によって所定の設定
圧力で弾性バイアスされ、スプール６の外側端部はリン
ク機構８と接続されている。該リンク機構８は一端がス
プール６の外側端部と接続された第１リンク部材９と一
端が前述の第１リンク部材９の他端と関節部１０によっ
て連結され、他端には錘１１、１１’が形成された第２
リンク部材１２、１２’から構成される。そして両端が
それぞれ第２リンク部材１２、１２’の長手方向に大略
中間支点１３、１３’及び前述の出力軸２の端部の１支
点１４、１４’と回動可能に接続された補助リンク部材
１５、１５’が設けられる。On the other hand, the spool 6 is elastically biased at a predetermined set pressure by a pressure setting spring 7 provided inside the valve mechanism 3, and the outer end of the spool 6 is connected to the link mechanism 8. The link mechanism 8 has a first link member 9 having one end connected to the outer end of the spool 6, one end connected to the other end of the first link member 9 by a joint portion 10, and a weight 11 at the other end. Second with 11 'formed
It is composed of link members 12 and 12 '. Auxiliary link members, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the intermediate link fulcrums 13, 13 'in the longitudinal direction of the second link members 12, 12' and one fulcrum 14, 14 'of the end of the output shaft 2 described above, respectively. 15, 15 'are provided.
【００１３】次は、上のように構成された本実施例によ
る自動変速装置の作動を説明する。先ず、出力軸２が回
転していない状態では、圧力設定スプリング７が設定圧
力に因りスプール６が図面上右側に最大な限り移動され
ているようになり、このとき、スプール６は前述の２ポ
ート４、５中、１段ポート４を開放している（図２参
照）。Next, the operation of the automatic transmission according to the present embodiment constructed as above will be described. First, when the output shaft 2 is not rotating, the pressure setting spring 7 moves the spool 6 to the right side of the drawing as much as possible due to the set pressure. Among 4 and 5, the first stage port 4 is open (see FIG. 2).
【００１４】このような状態から走行するようになれ
ば、出力軸２は１段ギアとの接続によって１段の速度に
回転されるようになり、リンク機構８は出力軸２と共に
回転するようになる。加速が行われることに従って第２
リンク部材１２、１２’の間の角度は遠心力によって関
節部１０を軸として漸次ひらくようになり、それに従っ
て第１リンク部材９はリンク連動によって図面上左側に
移動するようになる（図２点線表示部分参照）。When the vehicle travels from such a state, the output shaft 2 is rotated at a single speed by the connection with the first gear, and the link mechanism 8 is rotated together with the output shaft 2. Become. Second as the acceleration is done
The angle between the link members 12 and 12 'gradually opens around the joint part 10 as an axis by the centrifugal force, and accordingly, the first link member 9 moves to the left side in the drawing by link interlocking (see FIG. 2, dotted line). See the display section).
【００１５】このような第１リンク部材９の移動力は前
述の圧力設定スプリング７の設定圧力に対抗してスプー
ル６を図面上左側に移動させるようになる。間もなく出
力軸２の回転速度が１段における最高走行速度範囲に到
達すると、引き続き左側に移動されたスプール６は前述
の２段ポート５を開放させることにより変速装置は２段
にシフトアップされ、これと同時に１段ポート４は閉鎖
される（図３参照）。The moving force of the first link member 9 moves the spool 6 leftward in the drawing against the set pressure of the pressure setting spring 7. When the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 soon reaches the maximum traveling speed range in the first gear, the spool 6 that has been moved to the left continues to open the above-mentioned second gear port 5 and the transmission is shifted up to the second gear. At the same time, the first stage port 4 is closed (see FIG. 3).
【００１６】一方、２段で走行していながら減速になれ
ば、リンク機構８に作用する遠心力も減少されるように
なり、前述の圧力設定スプリング７の弾性復元力によっ
てスプール６と第１リンク部材９は、漸次図面上右側に
移動されるようになり、リンク連動によって第２リンク
部材１２、１２’の間の角度は関節部１０を軸として漸
次狭くなるようになる（図３点線表示部分参照）。次い
で出力軸２の回転速度が１段における最高走行速度範囲
まで減速されば、引き続き右側に移動されていたスプー
ル６は前述の１段ポート４を解放させると共に２段ポー
ト５を閉鎖させることにより変速装置は１段にシフトダ
ウンされる。On the other hand, when the vehicle decelerates while traveling in two stages, the centrifugal force acting on the link mechanism 8 is also reduced, and the elastic restoring force of the pressure setting spring 7 causes the spool 6 and the first link member to move. 9 is gradually moved to the right side in the drawing, and the angle between the second link members 12 and 12 'is gradually narrowed with the joint portion 10 as an axis due to link interlocking (see the dotted line portion in FIG. 3). ). Next, when the rotation speed of the output shaft 2 is reduced to the maximum traveling speed range in the first stage, the spool 6 that has been continuously moved to the right side shifts by opening the first stage port 4 and closing the second stage port 5 described above. The device is downshifted to one stage.
【００１７】結局、本実施例による変速装置は極めて簡
単な機械的な構成で走行速度に伴う信頼性のある変速操
作を自動的に行うことができる。After all, the transmission according to the present embodiment can automatically perform a reliable gear change operation according to the traveling speed with a very simple mechanical structure.
【００１８】本実施例において、圧力設定スプリング７
の設定圧力、即ち弾性係数と各ポート４、５の形成間隔
及び変速ポイント等は、相互関連付けられて設計されな
ければならないし、実験データ等によって最適な設計条
件が定められることができる。In this embodiment, the pressure setting spring 7
The set pressure, that is, the elastic coefficient, the formation intervals of the ports 4 and 5, the shift points, and the like must be designed in association with each other, and optimum design conditions can be determined by experimental data and the like.
【００１９】又、本実施例には２つの段数だけを有する
一般的な重装備の変速装置に対して説明されたが、スプ
ール６の形状を変更し、ポットの数を増加させることに
より、２つ以上の段数を有する自動車の変速装置にも効
果的に適用され得るのである。Further, although the present embodiment has been described with respect to a general heavy equipment transmission having only two gears, the number of pots can be increased by changing the shape of the spool 6 and increasing the number of pots. It can be effectively applied to a transmission of an automobile having more than two gears.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明したとおり、本発明による自動
変速装置は極めて簡単な機械的構成を要し、十分な耐久
性と信頼性のある作動を保証することができる。As described above, the automatic transmission according to the present invention requires an extremely simple mechanical structure and can ensure sufficient durability and reliable operation.
【００２１】[0021]
【図１】本発明の１実施例による自動変速装置を図示す
る断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an automatic transmission according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の１実施例による自動変速装置において
１段から２段にシフトアップされる状態を示す作動図で
ある。FIG. 2 is an operation diagram showing a state in which an automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention is upshifted from a first gear to a second gear.
【図３】本発明の１実施例による自動変速装置において
２段から１段にシフトダウンされる状態を示す作動図で
ある。FIG. 3 is an operation diagram showing a state in which the automatic transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention is downshifted from the second gear to the first gear.
１ ハウジング ２ 出力軸 ３ 弁機構 ４ １段ポート ５ ２段ポート ６ スプール ７ 圧力設定スプリング ８ リンク機構 ９ 第１リンク部材 １０ 関節部 １１、１１’ 錘 １２、１２’ 第２リンク部材 １５、１５’ 補助リンク 1 Housing 2 Output Shaft 3 Valve Mechanism 4 1st Stage Port 5 2nd Stage Port 6 Spool 7 Pressure Setting Spring 8 Link Mechanism 9 First Link Member 10 Joints 11, 11 'Weight 12, 12' Second Link Member 15, 15 ' Auxiliary link
Claims (3)
にしたがって少なくとも２つ以上の変速ギアのうちいず
れかの１つが選択的に接続されて出力軸の速度が可変調
節される変速装置に適用され、 前記スプールを前記弁機構に対し所定の設定圧力で弾性
バイアスする圧力設定スプリングと、 前記出力軸によって回転され、回転時回転速度と比例し
て適用される遠心力を直線方向移動力に変換してこの直
線方向移動力によって前記圧力設定スプリングの設定圧
力に対抗して前記スプールを移動させるリンク手段を備
えて構成されることを特徴とする遠心力を利用した自動
変速装置。1. A transmission device in which any one of at least two transmission gears is selectively connected according to an oil passage selection by spool movement in a valve mechanism to variably adjust the speed of an output shaft. A pressure setting spring that elastically biases the spool at a predetermined set pressure with respect to the valve mechanism, and a centrifugal force that is rotated by the output shaft and that is applied in proportion to the rotation speed during rotation is converted into a linear movement force. An automatic transmission utilizing centrifugal force, characterized in that it is provided with link means for moving the spool against the set pressure of the pressure setting spring by the linear moving force.
形成され前記出力軸と共に回転されることを特徴とする
請求項１に記載の遠心力を利用した自動変速装置。2. The automatic transmission utilizing centrifugal force according to claim 1, wherein the valve mechanism is formed in one end portion of the output shaft and is rotated together with the output shaft.
部材と、一端が前記第１リンク部材の他端と関節部によ
って連結され、他端には追加形成された第２リンク部材
と、 一端がそれぞれ前記第２リンク部材の長手方向に大略中
間支点及び前記出力軸の端部一支点と回動可能に接続さ
れた補助リンク部材を備えて構成されることを特徴とす
る請求項２に記載の遠心力を利用した自動変速装置。3. The link means includes a first link member having one end connected to an outer end of the spool, one end connected to the other end of the first link member by a joint, and the other end added to the other end. A second link member formed and an auxiliary link member, one end of which is rotatably connected to a substantially intermediate fulcrum and one end fulcrum of the output shaft in the longitudinal direction of the second link member. The automatic transmission utilizing centrifugal force according to claim 2, wherein.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR19940006727 | 1994-03-31 | ||
| KR94-6727 | 1994-03-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07280078A true JPH07280078A (en) | 1995-10-27 |
Family
ID=19380141
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6278318A Pending JPH07280078A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1994-10-18 | Automatic speed change gear utilizing centrifugal force |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07280078A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4439139A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102849646A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-02 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Passive safety brake system and direction valve with speed limiting device of passive safety brake system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102465904B1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2022-11-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Automatic transmission for vehicle |
-
1994
- 1994-10-18 JP JP6278318A patent/JPH07280078A/en active Pending
- 1994-11-02 DE DE4439139A patent/DE4439139A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102849646A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-02 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Passive safety brake system and direction valve with speed limiting device of passive safety brake system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4439139A1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
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