JPH04322957A - Internal spherical surface honing method - Google Patents
Internal spherical surface honing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04322957A JPH04322957A JP17942991A JP17942991A JPH04322957A JP H04322957 A JPH04322957 A JP H04322957A JP 17942991 A JP17942991 A JP 17942991A JP 17942991 A JP17942991 A JP 17942991A JP H04322957 A JPH04322957 A JP H04322957A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- grindstone
- workpiece
- inner sphere
- center
- spherical surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、内球面の真球度及び表
面粗度を高めるホーニング加工方法に関するものである
。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a honing method for increasing the sphericity and surface roughness of an inner spherical surface.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来より、図４（Ｂ）に示すような棒状
の砥石を用いた内球面のホーニング加工方法が提案され
ている。この加工方法を図４（Ａ）を用いて説明する。
同図において２１は棒状の砥石で、２２はこの砥石を固
定した砥石台である。砥石２１はその中心を通り、砥石
台２２の長手方向に及ぶ軸を回転軸として回転すること
ができる。一方、加工物２３は、半球状の凹部が形成さ
れたもので、内球頂点２４から内球中心２５を通る軸を
回転軸として回転することができる。そして、内球面の
加工は、前記砥石を加工物の内球面に押し当て、砥石を
回転させるとともに加工物も回転させることによって行
なう。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of honing an inner spherical surface using a rod-shaped grindstone as shown in FIG. 4(B) has been proposed. This processing method will be explained using FIG. 4(A). In the figure, 21 is a bar-shaped whetstone, and 22 is a whetstone stand to which this whetstone is fixed. The whetstone 21 can rotate about an axis that passes through its center and extends in the longitudinal direction of the whetstone head 22 as a rotation axis. On the other hand, the workpiece 23 has a hemispherical recess formed therein, and can rotate about an axis passing from the apex 24 of the inner sphere to the center 25 of the inner sphere. Machining of the inner spherical surface is carried out by pressing the grindstone against the inner spherical surface of the workpiece and rotating the grindstone as well as the workpiece.
【０００３】0003
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の棒状砥
石では、砥石の摩耗に伴い内球面との接触面積が増え、
図５に示すようにＡ点とＢ点、Ｃ点とＤ点では、各々加
工物の回転軸からの距離及び砥石の回転軸からの距離が
異なるため、周速の違いにより研削量に差が生じる。こ
の差は真球度の誤差として現われ、特に加工物内球の径
が大きい場合に顕著に表われるという問題点があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with conventional rod-shaped grindstones, the contact area with the inner spherical surface increases as the grindstone wears.
As shown in Figure 5, since the distances from the rotation axis of the workpiece and the distance from the grindstone rotation axis are different between points A and B, and points C and D, there is a difference in the amount of grinding due to the difference in peripheral speed. arise. This difference appears as an error in sphericity, and is especially noticeable when the diameter of the inner sphere of the workpiece is large.
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】従って、本発明は上記課
題を解決するためになされたもので、リング状の砥石を
用い、砥石の回転、揺動、加工物の回転の三次元運動に
より、高い真球度、表面粗度を求めることができるホー
ニング加工方法を提供するものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and uses a ring-shaped grindstone and uses three-dimensional movement of rotation, rocking, and rotation of the workpiece. The present invention provides a honing method that can obtain high sphericity and surface roughness.
【０００５】即ち、加工物の内球頂点から内球端部に及
ぶ長さを外径とするリング状の砥石を、加工物の内球面
に押し当て、前記砥石に、この砥石の研削面と垂直でか
つ砥石の中心及び内球中心を通る軸を回転軸として回転
を与えると共に、前記砥石の回転軸に内球中心を基点と
した若干の揺動を与え、同時に加工物に内球頂点から内
球中心を通る軸を回転軸として回転を与えつつ研削を行
なうことを特徴としている。That is, a ring-shaped grindstone whose outer diameter is the length extending from the apex of the inner sphere to the end of the inner sphere of the workpiece is pressed against the inner spherical surface of the workpiece, and the grinding surface of the grindstone and the grinding surface of the grindstone are pressed against the inner spherical surface of the workpiece. Rotation is applied about an axis that is vertical and passes through the center of the grindstone and the center of the inner sphere, and a slight swing is applied to the rotation axis of the grindstone with the center of the inner sphere as a starting point, and at the same time, the workpiece is rotated from the apex of the inner sphere. The feature is that grinding is performed while applying rotation using an axis passing through the center of the inner sphere as the rotation axis.
【０００６】図１を用いて本発明の基本原理を説明する
。同図において１はリング状の砥石で、その直径は加工
物内球頂点２から内球端部３に及ぶ長さに形成されてい
る。この砥石１は、その研削面４と垂直で、砥石の中心
を通る軸５を回転軸として回転することができる。
又、図示のごとく、砥石１をその外周縁が加工物６の内
球頂点２及び内球端部３に接するよう押し当てた場合、
内球中心７は砥石１の回転軸上に位置し、軸５（これと
一体の砥石１も）は、内球中心７を基点として若干揺動
（例えば上下、左右）することができる。一方、加工物
６は半球状の凹部が形成されたもので、内球頂点２から
内球中心７を通る軸を回転軸として回転できる。そして
、砥石１を内球面に押し当てつつ砥石１及び加工物６を
回転させ、同時に砥石１を揺動させることによって研削
を行なうのである。The basic principle of the present invention will be explained using FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a ring-shaped grindstone, and its diameter is formed to have a length extending from the apex 2 of the inner sphere of the workpiece to the end 3 of the inner sphere. This grindstone 1 can rotate about an axis 5 that is perpendicular to its grinding surface 4 and passes through the center of the grindstone. Further, as shown in the figure, when the grindstone 1 is pressed so that its outer peripheral edge touches the inner sphere apex 2 and the inner sphere end 3 of the workpiece 6,
The center 7 of the inner sphere is located on the rotation axis of the grindstone 1, and the shaft 5 (and the grindstone 1 integrated therewith) can swing slightly (for example, up and down, left and right) about the center 7 of the inner sphere. On the other hand, the workpiece 6 has a hemispherical recess formed therein, and can be rotated about an axis passing from the apex 2 of the inner sphere to the center 7 of the inner sphere. Then, grinding is performed by rotating the grindstone 1 and the workpiece 6 while pressing the grindstone 1 against the inner spherical surface, and simultaneously swinging the grindstone 1.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記の加工において、同図は断面を示している
ため、内球頂点２と内球端部３しか砥石が接していない
ように見えるが、実際は砥石自体がリング状であるため
その外周縁全体が内球面と接している。このため、加工
物６の回転と砥石１の回転のみで内球面全体を加工する
ことが可能である。ただ、内球頂点２のみは加工物６の
回転軸上に位置するため、そこが回転の中心になり、十
分な研削ができない。そこで、砥石１を内球中心７を基
点として、例えば上下に若干揺動させれば内球頂点２附
近も正確な加工を行なうことができる。又、砥石１の揺
動は、砥石の自生作用促進と目ずまり防止及びスラッジ
処理として作用する。[Operation] In the above processing, since the figure shows a cross section, it appears that only the inner sphere apex 2 and the inner sphere end 3 are in contact with the grindstone, but in reality the grindstone itself is ring-shaped, so the outside The entire periphery is in contact with the inner spherical surface. Therefore, it is possible to process the entire inner spherical surface only by rotating the workpiece 6 and rotating the grindstone 1. However, since only the inner sphere apex 2 is located on the rotation axis of the workpiece 6, this becomes the center of rotation, and sufficient grinding cannot be achieved. Therefore, if the grindstone 1 is slightly swung up and down, for example, with the center 7 of the inner sphere as a reference point, accurate machining can be performed even around the apex 2 of the inner sphere. Further, the rocking of the grindstone 1 acts to promote the self-sharpening action of the grindstone, prevent clogging, and dispose of sludge.
【０００８】ここで用いるリング状の砥石１は厚さが薄
いもの程高い精度が出せる。砥石の厚さとは、リング外
周からリング内周までの距離をいうが、これが薄い程高
精度が出る理由を図５との比較により説明する。既に述
ベたように、図５における棒状の砥石では、砥石の摩耗
に伴い内球面との接触面積が増え、周速の違いにより真
球度の誤差が大きくなる。しかし、本発明ではリング状
の砥石を用いたことにより、砥石が摩耗した場合でも砥
石の厚さ以上に内球面と接触する幅が広がることがない
。従って、砥石の厚さをできるだけ薄くすれば、図１に
示すように内球頂点２、内球中心７、内球端部３で囲ま
れる二等辺三角形を維持しながら研削を行なうことが可
能となり、周速の違いによる研削量の違いを最小限に押
えて真球度を高めることができるのである。さらに、砥
石の回転と揺動により周速及び砥石と内球面との接触面
積を調整すればより真球度を高めることができる。
尚、薄い砥石程好結果が得られるといっても、製作でき
る砥石の厚さには限度があり、又研削圧力に耐える剛性
も必要である。このことをふまえて種々の試験を行なっ
た結果、厚さ１ｍｍ程度が限界であった。そして、表面
粗度は仕上砥石の粒度を選択することで要求される加工
精度を得ることができる。[0008] The thinner the ring-shaped grindstone 1 used here is, the higher the accuracy can be achieved. The thickness of the grindstone refers to the distance from the outer circumference of the ring to the inner circumference of the ring, and the reason why the thinner the thickness is, the higher the accuracy is will be explained by comparing with FIG. 5. As already mentioned, in the rod-shaped grindstone shown in FIG. 5, the contact area with the inner spherical surface increases as the grindstone wears, and the error in sphericity increases due to the difference in circumferential speed. However, in the present invention, by using a ring-shaped grindstone, even if the grindstone is worn out, the width of contact with the inner spherical surface does not increase beyond the thickness of the grindstone. Therefore, if the thickness of the grindstone is made as thin as possible, it becomes possible to perform grinding while maintaining the isosceles triangle surrounded by the inner sphere apex 2, the inner sphere center 7, and the inner sphere end 3, as shown in Figure 1. This makes it possible to minimize differences in the amount of grinding due to differences in circumferential speed and improve sphericity. Further, by adjusting the circumferential speed and the contact area between the grindstone and the inner spherical surface by rotating and rocking the grindstone, the sphericity can be further improved. Although it is said that the thinner the grindstone, the better the result, there is a limit to the thickness of the grindstone that can be manufactured, and it also needs to be rigid enough to withstand grinding pressure. Based on this, various tests were conducted, and the limit was found to be approximately 1 mm in thickness. The required surface roughness can be obtained by selecting the grain size of the finishing whetstone.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】次に、図２及び図３に示す実施例に基づいて
本発明方法を説明する。EXAMPLE Next, the method of the present invention will be explained based on the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
【００１０】0010
【実施例１】まず、図２に示す実施例から説明する。同
図（Ａ）は半球状で内球端部より加工物外縁９が突出し
たものを加工する場合を示している。１は砥石で同図（
Ｂ）に示すようなリング状に形成され、その外径は内球
頂点２から内球端部３に及ぶ長さである。８は砥石台で
前記砥石を一端に固定した棒状のもので、加工物外縁９
と接触しないよう中間部が細く形成されている。砥石台
８の他端は、駆動系（図示していない）へつながり、砥
石台の長手方向に及び砥石中心を通る軸を回転軸として
回転することができる。又、砥石の外周縁が内球頂点２
及び内球端部３に接するよう、砥石１を内球面に押し当
てた場合、内球中心７を基点として砥石台８を揺動させ
ることができる。一方、加工物６の方も内球頂点２から
内球中心７を通る軸を回転軸として回転させる。そして
、砥石の回転、揺動、加工物の回転の３つの運動を同時
に行い加工を行なう。その結果、真球度で２μｍ以下、
表面粗度０．８Ｓ以下という高い精度が得られた。[Embodiment 1] First, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be explained. Figure (A) shows the case of machining a hemispherical workpiece whose outer edge 9 protrudes from the inner spherical end. 1 is the whetstone in the same figure (
It is formed into a ring shape as shown in B), and its outer diameter is the length extending from the apex 2 of the inner sphere to the end 3 of the inner sphere. Reference numeral 8 denotes a whetstone head, which is a rod-shaped thing with the whetstone fixed to one end, and is attached to the outer edge 9 of the workpiece.
The middle part is formed thin so as not to come into contact with the The other end of the whetstone head 8 is connected to a drive system (not shown) and can rotate in the longitudinal direction of the whetstone head about an axis passing through the center of the whetstone. Also, the outer periphery of the whetstone is at the apex 2 of the inner sphere.
When the grindstone 1 is pressed against the inner spherical surface so as to be in contact with the inner spherical end 3, the grindstone head 8 can be swung about the inner spherical center 7 as a base point. On the other hand, the workpiece 6 is also rotated about an axis passing from the apex 2 of the inner sphere to the center 7 of the inner sphere. Machining is then performed by simultaneously performing three movements: rotation of the grindstone, swinging, and rotation of the workpiece. As a result, the sphericity was less than 2μm,
High accuracy with a surface roughness of 0.8S or less was obtained.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例２】次に、図３に示すピストンのシリンダー１
０の底部加工の場合について説明する。砥石１は前記実
施例と同様のもので、その外径が内球頂点２から内球端
部３に及ぶ長さに設計してある点も同様である。このリ
ング状の砥石１が砥石台８の一端に固定され、他端は傘
歯車１１が設けられている。そしてこの砥石台８は前記
傘歯車１１と咬合する傘歯車１２を先端に備える回転棒
１３と連結され、砥石中心を通り砥石の研削面と垂直方
向の軸を回転軸として回転できるよう構成されている。
又、図では簡略化して示してあるが、回転棒１３から砥
石台８への伝達系は一体として構成され、砥石１を内球
面に押し当てた状態で、シリンダー外部から回転棒１３
を操作することにより、内球中心７を基点として砥石１
を揺動することができる。回転棒１３の操作は、シリン
ダー１０と回転棒１３の間隙でしか行なうことができな
いが、この程度のわずかな動きでも、砥石１を揺動させ
て内球頂点２を加工すると共に、研削くずを排除するに
は十分である。さらに、実施例１と同様に、内球頂点２
から内球中心７を通る軸を回転軸として加工物を回転さ
せることができる。そして、前記実施例でのべたように
、砥石の回転、揺動、加工物の回転を行うことによって
、シリンダー底部のように加工面が深い穴の底にある場
合でも、精度の高い加工を行なうことができる。[Example 2] Next, the cylinder 1 of the piston shown in FIG.
The case of bottom processing of 0 will be explained. The grindstone 1 is similar to that of the embodiment described above, and the outer diameter thereof is designed to have a length extending from the apex 2 of the inner sphere to the end 3 of the inner sphere. This ring-shaped grindstone 1 is fixed to one end of a grindstone stand 8, and a bevel gear 11 is provided at the other end. This grindstone head 8 is connected to a rotating rod 13 having a bevel gear 12 at its tip that meshes with the bevel gear 11, and is configured to rotate about an axis that passes through the center of the grindstone and is perpendicular to the grinding surface of the grindstone. There is. Also, although shown in a simplified manner in the figure, the transmission system from the rotating rod 13 to the grinding wheel head 8 is constructed as one unit, and with the grinding wheel 1 pressed against the inner spherical surface, the rotating rod 13 is transferred from the outside of the cylinder.
By operating the grinding wheel 1 with the inner sphere center 7 as the base point.
can be swung. The rotating rod 13 can only be operated in the gap between the cylinder 10 and the rotating rod 13, but even a slight movement like this will swing the grinding wheel 1 to process the inner sphere apex 2 and remove the grinding waste. Enough to eliminate it. Furthermore, as in Example 1, the inner sphere apex 2
The workpiece can be rotated using the axis passing through the center 7 of the inner sphere as the rotation axis. As mentioned in the above embodiment, by rotating and rocking the grindstone and rotating the workpiece, highly accurate machining can be performed even when the machining surface is at the bottom of a deep hole, such as the bottom of a cylinder. be able to.
【００１２】0012
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、リング状の砥石を
用い、砥石の回転、揺動及び加工物の回転の三次元運動
を行なうことによって周速の差より生じる真球度の誤差
を最小限に押え、精度の高いホーニング加工を行なうこ
とができる。従ってベアリングの軸受け等、内球面の加
工に利用すれば有効である。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, by using a ring-shaped grindstone and performing three-dimensional motion of rotation and swing of the grindstone and rotation of the workpiece, errors in sphericity caused by differences in circumferential speed can be minimized. Highly accurate honing can be performed by pressing to the limit. Therefore, it is effective when used for processing inner spherical surfaces such as bearings.
【図１】本発明方法の基本原理を示す説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the basic principle of the method of the present invention.
【図２】本発明方法により略半球状の加工物内球面を加
工する場合の説明図で、（Ａ）は全体構成図、（Ｂ）は
ここで用いた砥石の平面図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the case where the inner spherical surface of a substantially hemispherical workpiece is machined by the method of the present invention, in which (A) is an overall configuration diagram and (B) is a plan view of the grindstone used here.
【図３】本発明方法によりシリンダー底部の加工を行う
場合の説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when the bottom of the cylinder is processed by the method of the present invention.
【図４】従来方法の説明図で、（Ａ）は全体構成図、（
Ｂ）はここで用いた砥石の平面図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the conventional method, where (A) is an overall configuration diagram;
B) is a plan view of the grindstone used here.
【図５】従来方法において砥石が摩耗した場合を示す説
明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a case where a grindstone is worn out in a conventional method.
１，２１ 砥石 ２，２４ 内球頂点
３ 内球端部 ４ 研削面
５ 軸 ６，２３ 加工物 ７，２５
内球中心 ８，２２ 砥石台
９ 加工物外縁 １０ シリンダー
１１，１２ 傘歯車 １３ 回転棒1,21 Grindstone 2,24 Inner sphere apex
3 Inner sphere end 4 Grinding surface 5 Shaft 6, 23 Workpiece 7, 25
Center of inner sphere 8, 22 Grinding wheel head 9 Outer edge of workpiece 10 Cylinder
11, 12 Bevel gear 13 Rotating rod
Claims (1)
長さを外径とするリング状の砥石を、加工物の内球面に
押し当て、前記砥石に、この砥石の研削面と垂直でかつ
砥石の中心及び内球中心を通る軸を回転軸として回転を
与えると共に、前記砥石の回転軸に内球中心を基点とし
た若干の揺動を与え、同時に加工物に内球頂点から内球
中心を通る軸を回転軸として回転を与えつつ研削を行な
うことを特徴とする内球面のホーニング加工方法。1. A ring-shaped grindstone whose outer diameter is the length extending from the apex of the inner sphere to the end of the inner sphere of the workpiece is pressed against the inner spherical surface of the workpiece, and the grinding surface of the grindstone and the grinding surface of the grindstone are pressed against the inner sphere of the workpiece. Rotation is applied about an axis that is vertical and passes through the center of the grindstone and the center of the inner sphere, and a slight swing is applied to the rotation axis of the grindstone with the center of the inner sphere as a starting point, and at the same time, the workpiece is rotated from the apex of the inner sphere. A method for honing an inner spherical surface, characterized by performing grinding while applying rotation about an axis passing through the center of the inner sphere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17942991A JPH04322957A (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Internal spherical surface honing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17942991A JPH04322957A (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Internal spherical surface honing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04322957A true JPH04322957A (en) | 1992-11-12 |
Family
ID=16065707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17942991A Pending JPH04322957A (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Internal spherical surface honing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04322957A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009101894A1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Sanden Corporation | Scroll type fluid machine, and processing method and processing equipment therefor |
| JP2009216079A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-09-24 | Sanden Corp | Scroll type fluid machine, processing method and processing device therefor |
| EP2138270A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co. KG | Device for surface working of ball coverings for a workpiece with a calotte |
| JP2016083736A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-19 | 日立建機株式会社 | Spherical surface grinding apparatus and spherical surface grinding method using the same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5840259A (en) * | 1981-09-01 | 1983-03-09 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Spherical face slider for lens |
-
1991
- 1991-04-17 JP JP17942991A patent/JPH04322957A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5840259A (en) * | 1981-09-01 | 1983-03-09 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Spherical face slider for lens |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009101894A1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Sanden Corporation | Scroll type fluid machine, and processing method and processing equipment therefor |
| JP2009216079A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-09-24 | Sanden Corp | Scroll type fluid machine, processing method and processing device therefor |
| EP2138270A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co. KG | Device for surface working of ball coverings for a workpiece with a calotte |
| JP2016083736A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-19 | 日立建機株式会社 | Spherical surface grinding apparatus and spherical surface grinding method using the same |
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