JP2514539B2 - Round spherical honing method - Google Patents
Round spherical honing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2514539B2 JP2514539B2 JP22336892A JP22336892A JP2514539B2 JP 2514539 B2 JP2514539 B2 JP 2514539B2 JP 22336892 A JP22336892 A JP 22336892A JP 22336892 A JP22336892 A JP 22336892A JP 2514539 B2 JP2514539 B2 JP 2514539B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- grindstone
- sphere
- machining
- processing
- plane including
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、軸のない丸球面のホー
ニング加工法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a honing method for a round spherical surface having no axis.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】軸のない玉の球面を磨いて真球度を高め
る方法として、従来、次のような方法が用いられてき
た。これは、図６に示すような上下両部に分けられる石
臼２０を用いるもので、この石臼上部２０ａの下面及び
同下部２０ｂの上面には、断面がほぼ半円状の環状溝２
１が設けられている。この上下両部の環状溝の間に、砥
粒を配して複数の加工球２２を挟み込み、上下の石臼を
相対的に回転させて球の表面加工を行う。そして、真球
度の高いもののみを選別し、使用するのである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following method has been used as a method for polishing the spherical surface of a ball having no axis to increase the sphericity. This uses a stone mortar 20 that is divided into upper and lower parts as shown in FIG. 6, and an annular groove 2 having a substantially semicircular cross section is formed on the lower surface of the upper mortar 20a and the upper surface of the lower mortar 20b.
1 is provided. Abrasive grains are arranged between the upper and lower annular grooves to sandwich a plurality of processing balls 22, and the upper and lower stone mills are relatively rotated to perform the surface processing of the balls. Then, only those with high sphericity are selected and used.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、このような加
工方法では各球ごとの真球度のばらつきが大きく、精度
の低いものも多い。選別された球の平均的な真球度は２
０ｍｍ径のもので±５μｍ程度である。一方、真球度を
測定しながら加工し、一定の真球度に加工できたものか
ら順次送り出しできれば非常に好都合である。しかし、
上記の従来方法では、球は石臼の環状溝内に配置される
ため、加工中に真球度を測定することはできず、加工後
に選別作業を必要とする。However, in such a processing method, there are many variations in the sphericity of each sphere and the accuracy is low in many cases. The average sphericity of the selected spheres is 2
The diameter of 0 mm is about ± 5 μm. On the other hand, it is very convenient if processing can be performed while measuring the sphericity, and the materials that have been processed to have a certain sphericity can be sequentially fed. But,
In the above-mentioned conventional method, since the sphere is arranged in the annular groove of the stone mill, the sphericity cannot be measured during the processing, and a sorting operation is required after the processing.
【０００４】本発明は、このような技術的背景のもとな
されたもので、その目的は、±１μｍ程度の高い真球度
が得られると共に、真球度を測定しながら加工が行える
丸球面のホーニング加工法を提供することにある。The present invention has been made under such a technical background, and an object thereof is to obtain a high sphericity of about ± 1 μm and to perform machining while measuring the sphericity. The purpose is to provide a honing method.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明方法は、同一平面上において、１２０度間
隔の三軸線を定め、この三軸線の交点を真球の球心と
し、前記各軸線を回転軸として、球心側先端に環状の砥
石を固定した三つの砥石軸を具え、これら砥石軸を球心
方向に前進させて三つの砥石で加工球を保持し、各砥石
を回転させながら、加工球に対して等圧となるよう押圧
して研磨する方法であって、前記砥石軸の一つを、前記
三軸線を含む平面に垂直で、該砥石軸の回転軸を含む平
面上で球心を軸として揺動し、他の二つの砥石軸を、同
時に揺動させ、前記三軸線を含む平面上で球心を軸とし
て一体となって運動し、加工球を回転させながらその加
工を行うことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method of the present invention defines triaxial lines at intervals of 120 degrees on the same plane, and defines the intersections of these triaxial lines as a true spherical center. With each axis as a rotation axis, three grindstone shafts with an annular grindstone fixed to the tip of the ball core side are provided, and the processing balls are held by three grindstones by advancing these grindstone shafts in the ball center direction, and each grindstone is A method of polishing by pressing to a processing sphere so as to have a constant pressure while rotating, wherein one of the grindstone shafts is perpendicular to a plane including the three axes and includes a rotation shaft of the grindstone shaft. It oscillates about the ball center on the plane, and the other two grindstone shafts oscillate at the same time, and it moves integrally on the plane including the above-mentioned three axes about the ball center to rotate the machining sphere. It is characterized by performing the processing while.
【０００６】さらに、前記方法において、三軸線を含む
平面に対し、垂直方向の加工球直径上に測定子を配置
し、加工球の真球度を測定しながら加工を行うことを特
徴とするものである。以下、本発明を実施する装置及び
ホーニング加工法を説明する。Further, in the above method, a tracing stylus is arranged on a diameter of a machining sphere in a vertical direction with respect to a plane including three axes, and machining is performed while measuring the sphericity of the machining sphere. Is. Hereinafter, an apparatus for carrying out the present invention and a honing method will be described.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】図１は、本発明を実施する装置の加工部概略
を示す上面図で、１，２，３は同一平面上における１２
０度間隔の三軸線を示し、この三軸線の交点Ｏは所定寸
法の真球の球心である。この軸線１，２，３を回転軸と
して、砥石軸４，５，６が配される。各砥石軸４，５，
６の先端は球心Ｏの方向に向き、その先端にはホルダー
７を備え、各ホルダー７には等しい大きさ、性能の砥石
８が固定される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a top view showing the outline of a processing part of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
A triaxial line at 0 degree intervals is shown, and an intersection point O of the triaxial lines is a spherical center of a true sphere having a predetermined size. The grindstone shafts 4, 5 and 6 are arranged with the axes 1, 2 and 3 as rotation axes. Each wheel axis 4, 5,
The tip of 6 faces the direction of the ball center O, and a holder 7 is provided at the tip thereof, and a whetstone 8 having the same size and performance is fixed to each holder 7.
【０００８】砥石８は環状をなし、それぞれ回転中心を
各軸線１，２，３に合わせて固定されている。又、この
砥石８の外径は、真球に内接し、各辺が各軸線１，２，
３と直交する正三角形を想定して、この正三角形の各辺
よりも若干短い寸法とする。本例では、隣接する各砥石
間の間隔がほぼ２ｍｍとなる砥石を用いた。The grindstone 8 has an annular shape and is fixed with its center of rotation aligned with each axis 1, 2, 3. The outer diameter of the grindstone 8 is inscribed in a true sphere, and each side has each axis 1, 2,
Assuming an equilateral triangle orthogonal to 3, the size is set to be slightly shorter than each side of the equilateral triangle. In this example, a grindstone having a distance between adjacent grindstones of approximately 2 mm was used.
【０００９】又、図示していないが、砥石軸４，５，６
はベースによって支持される。このベースは、砥石軸の
前進，後退並びにその位置制御及び正逆両方向への回転
を行うと共に、各自の速度を調整する機能を備える。Although not shown, the grindstone shafts 4, 5, 6
Is supported by the base. This base has the functions of advancing and retracting the grindstone shaft, controlling its position, rotating in both forward and reverse directions, and adjusting its own speed.
【００１０】更に、前記ベース及びベース関連について
説明する。図２で、１０は砥石軸４，６保持するベース
を示す。両ベース１０間は、例えば金具１４により相互
関係を保つように一体に保持され、連杆１１の往復運動
により、軸線１，２，３を含む平面内において球心Ｏを
軸とし、砥石軸４，６を一体に揺動することができる。Further, the base and the base relation will be described. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 indicates a base for holding the grindstone shafts 4 and 6. The two bases 10 are integrally held by, for example, a metal fitting 14 so as to maintain the mutual relationship, and the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod 11 makes the spherical center O an axis in a plane including the axes 1, 2 and 3, and the grindstone shaft 4 , 6 can be rocked together.
【００１１】又、図３，４は，砥石軸を備えるベースの
構成を示し、図３は側面図、図４は上面図である。図に
おいて、１２、１２’はベースを間にし、例えば、横杆
１３によってこれを一体に固定するベース保持板であ
る。これは、軸線に平行して脚部１５をのばし、球心Ｏ
を通り、横杆１３と平行する基準線Ｒ−Ｒ’と交差する
位置に回転軸１６、１６’を具える。そして、これを軸
として、ベースを図３の矢印方向（図４では軸線を含む
紙面に垂直な面内）に回転できるよう構成する。この構
成により、砥石は軸線１，２，３を含む平面に垂直であ
って、軸線２を含む平面内において、加工球の面上を揺
動することができる。3 and 4 show the structure of a base provided with a grindstone shaft, FIG. 3 is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a top view. In the figure, reference numerals 12 and 12 'denote base holding plates which sandwich the base and which are integrally fixed by a horizontal rod 13, for example. This is done by extending the leg 15 parallel to the axis and
Rotating shafts 16 and 16 'are provided at positions intersecting with a reference line RR' which is parallel to the horizontal rod 13 and passes through. The base is configured to be rotatable about this axis in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3 (in FIG. 4, the plane perpendicular to the paper surface including the axis). With this configuration, the grindstone can swing on the plane of the processing sphere in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane including the axes 1, 2, and 3 and that includes the axis 2.
【００１２】その他、装置の構成としては、図示してい
ないが、球心Ｏに向かい、垂直方向に昇降できる台座が
設けられている。これは、加工前後で、各砥石が後退し
た際に加工球を支持するものである。In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the apparatus is provided with a pedestal that can move up and down in the vertical direction toward the center O of the ball. This supports the processed sphere when each grindstone moves back before and after processing.
【００１３】次に、このような装置を用いた加工方法を
説明する。先ず、各砥石を後退させた状態で、台座上に
加工球を載せ、これを各砥石と同様の高さ位置にセット
する。次に、球心Ｏに対して各砥石軸４，５，６を前進
させ、加工球９を保持して、台座を下げる。この状態
で、三つの砥石がそれぞれ等圧で加工球９を押圧するよ
う調整して、各砥石軸４，５，６に回転を与える。砥石
軸の回転方向は、同４及び６が互いに反対方向に回転す
れば、同５の回転方向はいずれの方向でもよい。本例で
は図１に矢印で示すように、砥石軸５，６は球心から見
て左回りに、同４は右回りとした。Next, a processing method using such an apparatus will be described. First, with each grindstone retracted, a processing ball is placed on the pedestal and set at the same height position as each grindstone. Next, the grindstone shafts 4, 5 and 6 are moved forward with respect to the ball center O to hold the processing ball 9 and lower the pedestal. In this state, the three grindstones are adjusted so as to press the processing sphere 9 with equal pressure, and the respective grindstone shafts 4, 5, 6 are rotated. The rotation direction of the grindstone shaft may be any direction as long as the rotation directions of 4 and 6 are opposite to each other. In this example, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1, the grindstone shafts 5 and 6 are set counterclockwise as viewed from the center of the ball, and the wheel spindles 4 are set clockwise.
【００１４】更に、これら砥石軸４，５，６は、先の回
転と同時に、揺動をも与えられる。既に述べたように、
砥石軸４と６は一体となり、球心Ｏを軸として、軸線
１，２，３を含む平面内で左右に揺動する。又、砥石軸
５は、球心Ｏを軸として、軸線１，２，３を含む平面に
垂直であって、軸線２を含む平面内において、加工球の
面上を揺動する。Further, the grindstone shafts 4, 5 and 6 are also rocked simultaneously with the previous rotation. As already mentioned,
The grindstone shafts 4 and 6 are integrated with each other and swing left and right about a spherical center O in a plane including the axes 1, 2, and 3. Further, the grindstone shaft 5 swings on the surface of the processing sphere in a plane including the axis lines 1, 2 and 3 with the sphere center O as an axis, which is perpendicular to the plane.
【００１５】以上のような、砥石軸の回転と揺動によっ
て、加工球９は回転しながら研磨される。研磨当初、砥
石内周縁が加工球に接することになるが、研磨にともな
い砥石は摩耗して、その外周縁が加工球に接することに
なる。そして、砥石の研磨面は所定の真球面の一部にほ
ぼ等しい凹球面状となって研磨が行われる。By the rotation and swing of the grindstone shaft as described above, the processing sphere 9 is polished while rotating. At the beginning of polishing, the inner peripheral edge of the grindstone comes into contact with the working sphere, but the grindstone wears with polishing and its outer peripheral edge comes into contact with the working sphere. Then, the polishing surface of the grindstone becomes a concave spherical surface which is substantially equal to a part of a predetermined true spherical surface, and polishing is performed.
【００１６】前記の揺動は、砥石軸の回転と相まって、
加工球を確実に回転させると共に、その回転方向を様々
な方向に変え、加工球全体をまんべんなく研磨するため
に行われる。The above-mentioned rocking, combined with the rotation of the grindstone shaft,
This is performed in order to surely rotate the processed sphere and change its rotating direction in various directions to uniformly polish the entire processed sphere.
【００１７】ここで、仮に砥石軸の揺動を行わず、その
回転のみ行った場合を考える。図１に示す矢印の方向に
各砥石軸を回転させれば、砥石軸４と５に固定された砥
石が隣接する方向への回転力が大きくなり、加工球はそ
の方向に回転する。しかし、このままでは加工球の回転
方向はほぼ一定で、又表面の凹凸が大き過ぎれば、加工
球は回転しない。このため、前記のように各砥石軸を揺
動させることで、加工球と砥石の接触する面を順次変
え、加工球を確実に回転させて、その回転方向を種々変
化させている。Here, let us consider a case where the whetstone shaft is not rocked but only rotated. When each grindstone shaft is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1, the rotational force in the direction in which the grindstones fixed to the grindstone shafts 4 and 5 are adjacent to each other becomes large, and the processed sphere rotates in that direction. However, in this state, the rotation direction of the processing sphere is almost constant, and if the surface irregularities are too large, the processing sphere does not rotate. For this reason, by swinging each grindstone shaft as described above, the contact surfaces of the working sphere and the grindstone are sequentially changed to reliably rotate the working sphere and to change the rotation direction in various ways.
【００１８】更に、図５に基づいて、ホーニング加工中
における加工球の直径測定方法について説明する。図示
のように、球心Ｏを通る加工球の直径上に測定子１７，
１７’を設置する。測定機は、例えば「東京精密社製」
円筒測定機等が用いられる。図１で示したように、各砥
石軸は水平面上に配置され、その揺動によっても加工球
の上下部に砥石が及ばないため、測定子の設置位置を、
球心Ｏを通る垂直軸上としても加工の支障になることが
ない。Further, a method of measuring the diameter of the machined sphere during honing will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the drawing, on the diameter of the processing sphere passing through the ball center O, the probe 17,
Install 17 '. The measuring machine is, for example, "made by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd."
A cylinder measuring machine or the like is used. As shown in FIG. 1, each grindstone shaft is arranged on a horizontal plane, and even if the grindstone does not reach the upper and lower parts of the processing sphere even by its swinging,
There is no hindrance to the processing even on the vertical axis passing through the ball center O.
【００１９】このように、回転しながら研磨される加工
球の直径を常時測定できるため、加工しながら真球に近
ずくことが監視できる。真球に近ずくと、加工球表面の
凹凸が少なくなり、砥石との摩擦抵抗が小さくなるた
め、加工球はしだいに回転しなくなってくる。そして、
所定精度になれば砥石軸の回転と揺動を停止し、台座で
加工球を支持して、各砥石軸を後退させて加工を終了す
る。実際に本発明方法で加工を行ったところ、２０ｍｍ
径の加工球において、±１μｍ程度の真球度を得ること
ができた。As described above, since the diameter of the processed sphere that is polished while rotating can be constantly measured, it is possible to monitor that the sphere approaches a true sphere while being processed. When approaching a true sphere, the irregularities on the surface of the processed sphere decrease and the frictional resistance with the grindstone decreases, so the processed sphere gradually stops rotating. And
When the predetermined accuracy is reached, the rotation and swing of the grindstone shaft are stopped, the pedestal is supported by the pedestal, and the grindstone shafts are retracted to complete the machining. When actually processed by the method of the present invention, 20 mm
It was possible to obtain a sphericity of about ± 1 μm in a processed sphere having a diameter.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明ホーニング
加工方法によれば、同一平面上に１２０度間隔で配置し
た３軸線上の砥石を回転、揺動させることにより、加工
球を回転させ、全体を偏りなく研磨することができる。
また、加工中に加工球の径を測定できるため、加工精度
の向上は著しく、作業効率も向上することができる。As described above, according to the honing method of the present invention, the working sphere is rotated by rotating and rocking the grindstones on the three axes arranged on the same plane at 120 ° intervals. The entire surface can be polished evenly.
Further, since the diameter of the processing sphere can be measured during processing, the processing accuracy can be remarkably improved and the work efficiency can be improved.
【図１】本発明を実施する装置の加工部を示す上面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a top view showing a processing part of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施において、砥石により３軸線を含
む平面内で加工球に対して揺動を与える機構を示す構成
図である。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a mechanism for swinging a working sphere within a plane including three axes by a grindstone in the practice of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施において、砥石により３軸線を含
む平面と垂直をなす面内で加工球に対して揺動を与える
機構を示す側面図である。FIG. 3 is a side view showing a mechanism for swinging a working sphere in a plane perpendicular to a plane including three axes by a grindstone in the practice of the present invention.
【図４】第３図の機構の上面図である。FIG. 4 is a top view of the mechanism of FIG.
【図５】本発明による加工球の直径測定方法を示す説明
図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a method for measuring a diameter of a processed sphere according to the present invention.
【図６】従来法で用いられている石臼を示す斜視図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a stone mill used in a conventional method.
１，２，３ 軸線 ４，５，６ 砥石軸 ７ ホルダー ８ 砥石 ９ 加工球 １０ ベース １１ 連杆 １２，１２’ 保持板 １３ 横杆 １４ 金具 １５ 脚部 １６，１６’ 回転軸 １７，１７’ 測定子 ２０ 石臼 ２０ａ 石臼上部 ２０ｂ 石臼下部 ２１ 環状溝 ２２ 加工球 1, 2, 3 Axis lines 4, 5, 6 Grindstone axis 7 Holder 8 Grindstone 9 Machining ball 10 Base 11 Continuous rod 12, 12 'Holding plate 13 Side rod 14 Metal fitting 15 Leg part 16, 16' Rotating shaft 17, 17 'Measurement Child 20 Stone mill 20a Stone mill upper part 20b Stone mill lower part 21 Annular groove 22 Processing ball
Claims (2)
軸線を定め、この三軸線の交点を真球の球心とし、前記
各軸線を回転軸として、球心側先端に環状の砥石を固定
した三つの砥石軸を具え、これら砥石軸を球心方向に前
進させて三つの砥石で加工球を保持し、各砥石を回転さ
せながら、加工球に対して等圧となるよう押圧して研磨
する方法であって、前記砥石軸の一つを、前記三軸線を
含む平面に垂直で、該砥石軸の回転軸を含む平面上で球
心を軸として揺動し、他の二つの砥石軸を、同時に揺動
させ、前記三軸線を含む平面上で球心を軸として一体と
なって運動し、加工球を回転させながらその加工を行う
ことを特徴とする丸球面ホーニング加工法。1. A triaxial line at 120-degree intervals is defined on the same plane, and the intersection point of these triaxial lines is a spherical center of a true sphere, and each of these axial lines is a rotation axis, and an annular grindstone is fixed to the tip of the spherical center side. Equipped with three grindstone shafts, which are moved in the direction of the center of the ball to hold the processed sphere with three grindstones, and while rotating each grindstone, press and grind the sphere to equal pressure. In the method, one of the grindstone shafts is perpendicular to a plane including the three axes, and swings about a spherical center on a plane including the rotation axis of the grindstone shaft, and the other two grindstone shafts. Are simultaneously swung, and are integrally moved around a spherical center on a plane including the three axes, and the machining is performed while rotating the machining sphere.
工球直径上に測定子を配置し、加工球の真球度を測定し
ながら加工を行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の丸球
面ホーニング加工法。2. A processing element is arranged on a machining sphere diameter in a vertical direction with respect to a plane including the triaxial line, and machining is performed while measuring the sphericity of the machining sphere. Round spherical honing method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22336892A JP2514539B2 (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Round spherical honing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22336892A JP2514539B2 (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Round spherical honing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0679614A JPH0679614A (en) | 1994-03-22 |
| JP2514539B2 true JP2514539B2 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=16797052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22336892A Expired - Lifetime JP2514539B2 (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Round spherical honing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2514539B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103213047A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-24 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated precision grinding system and method for extra-large spherical surface |
| CN109531403A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-29 | 厦门大学 | The accurate grinding and polishing device of sphere |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5303246B2 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2013-10-02 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Spherical processing machine |
| JP5295307B2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2013-09-18 | 西部自動機器株式会社 | Sphere rotating device, sphere rotating method and application machine using sphere rotating device |
| JP5768485B2 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2015-08-26 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Sphere polishing equipment |
| CN110549199B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-05-10 | 无锡凯尔克仪表阀门有限公司 | Ball grinder |
-
1992
- 1992-07-29 JP JP22336892A patent/JP2514539B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103213047A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-24 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated precision grinding system and method for extra-large spherical surface |
| CN103213047B (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2015-07-01 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated precision grinding system and method for extra-large spherical surface |
| CN109531403A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-29 | 厦门大学 | The accurate grinding and polishing device of sphere |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0679614A (en) | 1994-03-22 |
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