JPH04320496A - Self-lubricating composite material and its preparation - Google Patents
Self-lubricating composite material and its preparationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04320496A JPH04320496A JP8692191A JP8692191A JPH04320496A JP H04320496 A JPH04320496 A JP H04320496A JP 8692191 A JP8692191 A JP 8692191A JP 8692191 A JP8692191 A JP 8692191A JP H04320496 A JPH04320496 A JP H04320496A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating
- self
- composite material
- alloy
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 38
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、各種の機械部品として
用いられる軸受材料又はしゅう動材料に適する自己潤滑
性複合材とその製造方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-lubricating composite material suitable for bearing materials or sliding materials used as various mechanical parts, and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来、二硫化タングステン、二硫化モリ
ブデン、黒鉛、フッ化黒鉛、フッ化カルシウムなどの潤
滑性物質と各種の金属及び合金とからなる焼結体が自己
潤滑性材として使用されている。これら従来の自己潤滑
性材が記載されている代表的なものとしては特開昭５３
−１２２０５９号公報、特開昭６２−１９６３５１号公
報などがある。[Prior Art] Conventionally, sintered bodies made of lubricating substances such as tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphite fluoride, and calcium fluoride, and various metals and alloys have been used as self-lubricating materials. There is. Representative examples of these conventional self-lubricating materials include JP-A-53
-122059, JP-A-62-196351, etc.
【０００３】二硫化タングステン、二硫化モリブデン又
は黒鉛などの潤滑性物質と、各種の金属及び合金の結合
相からなる自己潤滑性材料は、潤滑性物質としての出発
原料粉末と結合相としての出発原料粉末とを混合、成形
後焼結しているが、こうして得た焼結体の中の潤滑性物
質は結合相の金属及び合金と反応して潤滑性のない物質
に変化して、その歩留りを低下させるか、金属又は合金
との濡れ性が悪いために結合力が低く、自己潤滑性材の
摩耗の増大及び強度低下をもたらし、寿命が著しく低下
してしまうという問題がある。さらに、二硫化タングス
テン、二硫化モリブデン又は黒鉛などの潤滑性物質を含
む自己潤滑性材料は大気中で３００℃以上の温度になる
と酸化して潤滑性が無くなってしまう。そのため大気中
にて高温で使用することが困難である。Self-lubricating materials consisting of a lubricating substance such as tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide or graphite and a binder phase of various metals and alloys are composed of a starting material powder as the lubricating substance and a starting material powder as the binder phase. The lubricating substance in the sintered body thus obtained reacts with the metal and alloy of the binder phase and changes to a non-lubricating substance, reducing the yield. There is a problem in that the bond strength is low due to poor wettability with metals or alloys, resulting in increased wear and decreased strength of self-lubricating materials, resulting in a significant reduction in service life. Furthermore, self-lubricating materials containing lubricating substances such as tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, or graphite oxidize and lose their lubricity when exposed to temperatures of 300° C. or higher in the atmosphere. Therefore, it is difficult to use it in the atmosphere at high temperatures.
【０００４】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上述のよう
な問題点を解決したもので、高温および真空中での摩擦
係数及び比摩耗率が低く、しかも機械的性質に優れた自
己潤滑性複合材及びその製造方法の提供を目的とするも
のである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and has a self-lubricating property with low friction coefficient and specific wear rate at high temperatures and in vacuum, and excellent mechanical properties. The purpose is to provide a composite material and a method for manufacturing the same.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、自己潤滑性複
合材料における潤滑性物質と結合相の金属及び合金との
反応性や濡れ性について検討した結果、潤滑性物質の組
成、そのサイズと結合相の金属及び合金との結合性に少
量の元素が効果的に作用するという知見を得ることによ
って発明を完成するに至ったものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of studying the reactivity and wettability between the lubricating substance and the metal and alloy of the binder phase in self-lubricating composite materials, the present invention has developed the composition of the lubricating substance, its size, and the like. The invention was completed by obtaining the knowledge that small amounts of elements effectively affect the bonding properties of the binder phase with metals and alloys.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明は、窒化ホウ素と二硫化
タングステンを主成分とし、０．５〜５．０重量％のＮ
ｉと０．０５〜１．０重量％のＢを含む、粒径２０μｍ
以上２０００μｍ 以下の粒状潤滑性物質相を、５体
積％以上８０体積％以下含み、残りが金属及び合金の結
合相からなることを特徴とする自己潤滑性複合材である
。That is, the present invention mainly consists of boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, and contains 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of N.
i and 0.05-1.0% by weight of B, particle size 20 μm
The present invention is a self-lubricating composite material characterized in that it contains 5% by volume or more and 80% by volume or less of a particulate lubricating substance phase with a size of 2000 μm or more, and the remainder is a binder phase of metal and alloy.
【０００７】窒化ホウ素は化学的に安定な物質で、大気
中では最も高温まで摩擦係数の低い物質である。そのた
め本発明は窒化ホウ素を主成分に選んだ。しかし窒化ホ
ウ素は真空中では摩擦係数が大きいため、真空中での摩
擦係数の低い物質である二硫化タングステンを併用する
ことにより真空から大気中までのあらゆる雰囲気中で使
用することができる自己潤滑性複合材をつくることに成
功した。[0007] Boron nitride is a chemically stable substance and has the lowest coefficient of friction up to the highest temperature in the atmosphere. Therefore, in the present invention, boron nitride was selected as the main component. However, boron nitride has a high coefficient of friction in a vacuum, so by combining it with tungsten disulfide, a substance with a low coefficient of friction in a vacuum, it has self-lubricating properties that allow it to be used in all atmospheres, from vacuum to the atmosphere. succeeded in creating a composite material.
【０００８】窒化ホウ素は化学的に安定な物質で、大気
中では最も高温まで摩擦係数の低い物質である。しかし
ながら、化学的に安定であることは反面、金属および合
金との濡れ性、結合性が悪く、これまで窒化ホウ素を用
いた金属および合金の自己潤滑性複合材はほとんどなく
、あっても機械的強度が低く、使用に耐えられなかった
。また、二硫化タングステンは金属及び合金と反応し易
く、焼結時に潤滑性のない物質に変質し、金属及び合金
中の歩留りが極端に低かった。そこで潤滑性物質と結合
相の金属及び合金との濡れ性、反応性について詳細に検
討した結果、ＮｉとＢとを添加することにより問題点を
解決することができることが分かった。[0008] Boron nitride is a chemically stable substance and has the lowest coefficient of friction up to the highest temperature in the atmosphere. However, although boron nitride is chemically stable, it has poor wettability and bonding properties with metals and alloys, and so far there have been few self-lubricating composites of metals and alloys using boron nitride, and even if there are, it has poor mechanical properties. It had low strength and could not be used. In addition, tungsten disulfide easily reacts with metals and alloys, degenerates into a substance without lubricity during sintering, and has an extremely low yield in metals and alloys. As a result of a detailed study of the wettability and reactivity of the lubricating substance and the metal and alloy of the binder phase, it was found that the problems could be solved by adding Ni and B.
【０００９】すなわち、ＮｉとＢは焼結時に反応して低
融点の化合物を形成し、これが液相となって窒化ホウ素
同志及び窒化ホウ素と金属及び合金との界面に浸透し、
焼結後の冷却過程で固化して両者を強固に結合すること
、及び液相は金属及び合金の焼結を促進して強い結合相
を形成すること、さらにＮｉは焼結時に二硫化タングス
テンと反応して低融点のニッケル硫化物を生成し、これ
が液相焼結助剤となって低温短時間の焼結によって焼結
体を緻密化すると同時に二硫化タングステンの歩留りを
向上させることを明らかにした。このようにして機械的
強度が高く、大気中から真空中までのあらゆる雰囲気中
で、しかも高温においても潤滑性に優れた焼結体を造る
ことができる。That is, Ni and B react during sintering to form a compound with a low melting point, which becomes a liquid phase and penetrates into the interface between boron nitride and the interface between boron nitride and the metal or alloy.
Ni is solidified during the cooling process after sintering to firmly bond the two, and the liquid phase promotes sintering of the metal and alloy to form a strong bonding phase. It was revealed that the reaction produces nickel sulfide with a low melting point, which acts as a liquid phase sintering aid and densifies the sintered body through low-temperature, short-time sintering, while at the same time improving the yield of tungsten disulfide. did. In this way, it is possible to produce a sintered body that has high mechanical strength and excellent lubricity in all atmospheres from air to vacuum, and even at high temperatures.
【００１０】0010
【作用】本発明の自己潤滑性複合材料は、潤滑性物質を
主成分とする相を金属及び合金の結合相が取り囲んだ構
造によって焼結体の強度が高く、しかも複合材料中に含
まれる潤滑性物質が使用時に相手材との接触面に被膜と
して供給されることによって大気中ないし真空中で高温
まで、比摩耗率と摩耗係数の両者を著しく低下している
ものである。[Function] The self-lubricating composite material of the present invention has a structure in which a phase containing a lubricating substance as a main component is surrounded by a binder phase of metals and alloys, so the strength of the sintered body is high. During use, the material is supplied as a coating to the contact surface with the mating material, thereby significantly reducing both the specific wear rate and the wear coefficient in the air or vacuum up to high temperatures.
【００１１】すなわち、本発明の自己潤滑性複合材料は
、窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステンを主成分とし、０．
５〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１．０重量％のＢ
を含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μｍ 以下の粒状
潤滑性物質相を、５体積％以上８０体積％以下含み、残
りが金属及び合金の結合相からなることを特徴とし、上
記粒状潤滑性物質相は、窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステ
ンをそれぞれ、少なくとも５体積％以上含み、さらに結
合相は、銅系合金、鉄系合金、ニッケル系合金、コバル
ト系合金及びチタン系合金の少なくとも１種からなるも
のである。That is, the self-lubricating composite material of the present invention contains boron nitride and tungsten disulfide as main components, and has a 0.0.
5-5.0 wt% Ni and 0.05-1.0 wt% B
The particulate lubricating material phase is characterized by containing 5% by volume or more and 80% by volume or less of a granular lubricating material phase having a particle size of 20 μm or more and 2000 μm or less, with the remainder consisting of a binder phase of metals and alloys, and the granular lubricating material phase is Boron nitride and tungsten disulfide are each contained at least 5% by volume, and the binder phase is made of at least one of a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, a cobalt-based alloy, and a titanium-based alloy.
【００１２】窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステンを主成分
とし、０．５〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１．０
重量％のＢを含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μｍ
以下の粒状潤滑性物質相の占める体積が５％未満である
と高温及び真空中での潤滑性が発揮できず、逆に体積の
和が８０％超になると焼結体の強度が低下して複合材の
形成が困難となる。このため粒状潤滑性物質相の占める
割合には５体積％以上８０体積％以下とする。窒化ホウ
素と二硫化タングステンを主成分とし、ＮｉとＢとを含
む粒状潤滑性物質相の大きさが、２０μｍ 未満である
と分散性が悪く、また結合相と反応し、複合材料の摩擦
係数が増大して潤滑性が低下し、２０００μｍ超になる
と結合相の厚みが増大して摩擦係数が増大する。このた
め、粒状潤滑性物質相の大きさは２０μｍ 以上２００
０μｍ 以下とする。粒状潤滑性物質相において、窒化
ホウ素と二硫化タングステンの占める体積がそれぞれ５
％未満であると、窒化ホウ素の特徴である高温の潤滑性
、及び二硫化タングステンの特徴である真空中での潤滑
性が発揮できない。そのため窒化ホウ素及び二硫化タン
グステンの占める体積を５％以上とすることが望ましい
。[0012] The main components are boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, and 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of Ni and 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of Ni.
Contains B by weight%, particle size 20μm or more 2000μm
If the volume occupied by the following granular lubricating substance phases is less than 5%, lubricity at high temperatures and in vacuum cannot be achieved, and conversely, if the sum of the volumes exceeds 80%, the strength of the sintered body will decrease. Composite formation becomes difficult. For this reason, the proportion occupied by the particulate lubricating substance phase is set to be 5% by volume or more and 80% by volume or less. If the size of the granular lubricant phase, which is mainly composed of boron nitride and tungsten disulfide and contains Ni and B, is less than 20 μm, it will have poor dispersibility and will react with the binder phase, reducing the coefficient of friction of the composite material. When the thickness increases, the lubricity decreases, and when it exceeds 2000 μm, the thickness of the binder phase increases and the coefficient of friction increases. Therefore, the size of the granular lubricant phase is 20 μm or more.
It shall be 0 μm or less. In the granular lubricant phase, boron nitride and tungsten disulfide each occupy 5 volumes.
If it is less than %, the high-temperature lubricity characteristic of boron nitride and the vacuum lubricity characteristic of tungsten disulfide cannot be exhibited. Therefore, it is desirable that the volume occupied by boron nitride and tungsten disulfide be 5% or more.
【００１３】窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステンを主成分
とし、ＮｉとＢとを含む粒状潤滑性物質相において、Ｎ
ｉの含有量が０．５重量％未満、Ｂが０．０５％未満で
あると低融点の化合物が形成され難く、逆にＮｉが５．
０％超、Ｂが１．０％超では非常に脆い結合相が形成さ
れて、かえって結合相との結合力が弱くなるため、Ｎｉ
を０．５重量％以上５％以下、Ｂを０．０５％以上１．
０％以下とする。しかも、ＮｉとＢは共存させることが
重要であり、単独ではその効果が発揮されない。Ｎｉと
Ｂはそれぞれ元素として添加してもあるいはＮｉ−Ｂの
合金として添加しても、あるいはＮｉ−Ｂの合金として
添加しても差し支えない。N
When the content of i is less than 0.5% by weight and the content of B is less than 0.05%, it is difficult to form a compound with a low melting point.
If B exceeds 0% or B exceeds 1.0%, a very brittle binder phase will be formed and the bonding force with the binder phase will become weaker.
0.5% by weight or more and 5% or less of B, 0.05% or more of B1.
0% or less. Moreover, it is important that Ni and B coexist, and the effect cannot be exerted when used alone. Ni and B may be added as respective elements, or may be added as a Ni-B alloy, or may be added as a Ni-B alloy.
【００１４】これらの潤滑性物質相を取り囲む結合相は
潤滑性物質相を保持するとともに、焼結時に潤滑性物質
相の変質と消失を抑制し、潤滑性物質と強固な結合を形
成するものである。この結合は潤滑性物質相の組成や使
用環境によって種々の構成にすることができる。耐食性
を必要とする場合は、青銅又はモネルなどの銅系合金、
耐食性及び耐熱性を必要とする場合は、炭素鋼、合金鋼
ステンレス鋼などの鉄系合金、インコネル、ハステロイ
などのニッケル系合金、ステライトなどのコバルト系合
金、Ｔｉ−６Ａｌ−４Ｖなどのチタン系合金等を結合相
にすることができる。[0014] The bonding phase surrounding these lubricant material phases holds the lubricant material phase, suppresses deterioration and disappearance of the lubricant material phase during sintering, and forms a strong bond with the lubricant material. be. This bond can have various configurations depending on the composition of the lubricating material phase and the environment of use. If corrosion resistance is required, bronze or copper-based alloys such as Monel,
If corrosion resistance and heat resistance are required, iron-based alloys such as carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel, nickel-based alloys such as Inconel and Hastelloy, cobalt-based alloys such as Stellite, and titanium-based alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V are used. etc. can be used as a bonded phase.
【００１５】本発明の自己潤滑性複合材料の製造方法に
おいて、粒状相をつくる造粒工程は一般に行われている
造粒方法が利用できる。例えば、回転ドラム中で、潤滑
性物質を主成分とする混合粉末に、水、アルコール、エ
チルシリケート、水ガラスなどを添加しながら造粒する
方法、あるいは潤滑性物質を主成分とする混合粉末を加
圧成形し、次いで粉砕して造粒する方法などである。造
粒後は非酸化性雰囲気中で５００〜１２００℃で加熱処
理を行うと、原料粉末に含まれているガスなどを追い出
すことができ、また、造粒粉が硬くなって取扱が容易に
なって好ましい。In the method for producing the self-lubricating composite material of the present invention, a commonly used granulation method can be used for the granulation step to form a granular phase. For example, a mixed powder mainly composed of a lubricating substance is granulated in a rotating drum while adding water, alcohol, ethyl silicate, water glass, etc., or a mixed powder mainly composed of a lubricating substance is granulated. The method includes pressure molding, followed by crushing and granulation. After granulation, heat treatment at 500 to 1200°C in a non-oxidizing atmosphere can drive out gases contained in the raw material powder, and also makes the granulated powder harder and easier to handle. It is preferable.
【００１６】本発明の自己潤滑性複合材の製造方法は、
窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステンを主成分とし、０．５
〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１．０重量％のＢを
含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μｍ 以下の粒状潤
滑性物質の粉末と、銅系合金、鉄系合金、ニッケル系合
金、コバルト系合金及びチタン系合金等の少なくとも１
種からなる結合相形成用の合金粉末とを、混合及び成形
後、非酸化性雰囲気中で７００℃以上１３００℃以下の
温度で焼結することを特徴とする。温度７００℃未満で
は焼結の進行がほとんどなく、１３００℃を越えると潤
滑性物質が分解ないし変質してしまうため、焼結温度を
７００℃以上１３００℃以下とする。酸化性雰囲気中で
は潤滑性物質が酸化してしまうため非酸化性雰囲気とす
ることが望ましい。[0016] The method for producing the self-lubricating composite material of the present invention includes:
The main ingredients are boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, and 0.5
A powder of a granular lubricating substance containing ~5.0% by weight of Ni and 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of B and having a particle size of 20 μm or more and 2000 μm or less, a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, At least one of cobalt-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, etc.
The method is characterized in that the alloy powder for forming a binder phase consisting of seeds is mixed and formed, and then sintered at a temperature of 700° C. or higher and 1300° C. or lower in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. If the temperature is less than 700°C, sintering will hardly progress, and if it exceeds 1300°C, the lubricating substance will decompose or change in quality. Therefore, the sintering temperature is set to 700°C or more and 1300°C or less. Since the lubricating substance will be oxidized in an oxidizing atmosphere, it is desirable to use a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】窒化ホウ素と二硫化タングステンを主成分と
し、０．５〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１．０重
量％のＢを含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μｍ 以
下の粒状潤滑性物相粉末および結合相の銅粉末、ステン
レス鋼などの金属及び合金の粉末とをボールミルを用い
て混合した後、プレス成形機で３トン／ｃｍ２ の圧力
で、その圧粉体を作成した。その圧粉体を真空中で焼結
した後、引張試験と摩擦摩耗試験を行った。[Example] Granular lubricant whose main components are boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, containing 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of Ni and 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of B, with a particle size of 20 μm to 2000 μm The solid phase powder, copper powder as a binder phase, and powder of metals such as stainless steel and alloys were mixed using a ball mill, and then a green compact was produced using a press molding machine at a pressure of 3 tons/cm2. After sintering the compact in vacuum, a tensile test and a friction and wear test were conducted.
【００１８】引張試験には３×２×３０ｍｍの試験片を
用いた。摩擦係数は円板状の試料にＳＵＳ３０４を相手
材にして、速度６０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 、面圧５０ｋｇ／ｃｍ
２ の条件で端面接触して求めたものであり、比摩耗率
は面圧１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２ 、摩擦距離５００ｍ の条
件より求めたものである。真空中の摩擦係数は１０−５
ｔｏｒｒの真空度で測定した。[0018] A test piece of 3 x 2 x 30 mm was used for the tensile test. The coefficient of friction was measured using a disc-shaped sample with SUS304 as the mating material, at a speed of 60 m/min, and a surface pressure of 50 kg/cm.
2, and the specific wear rate was determined under the conditions of a surface pressure of 100 kg/cm2 and a friction distance of 500 m. The coefficient of friction in vacuum is 10-5
The measurement was performed at a vacuum level of torr.
【００１９】本発明の潤滑性物質を主体にした粒状相の
粒度、配合量およびその組成と結合相の組成と製造条件
を表１に示した。焼結体の引張強度と摩擦係数及び比摩
耗率を表２に示した。本発明をはずれた比較例の組成と
、製造条件、焼結体の特性も表１、表２に記載した。Table 1 shows the particle size, blending amount and composition of the granular phase mainly composed of the lubricating substance of the present invention, as well as the composition and manufacturing conditions of the binder phase. Table 2 shows the tensile strength, friction coefficient, and specific wear rate of the sintered body. The compositions, manufacturing conditions, and characteristics of the sintered bodies of comparative examples other than those of the present invention are also listed in Tables 1 and 2.
【００２０】本発明品は試料番号１から４であり、結合
相が銅系合金、鉄系合金、ニッケル合金、チタン合金の
例である。本発明の材料は引張強度が２０ｋｇ／ｍｍ２
以上で、大気及び真空中の摩擦係数は０．２以下で強
度、潤滑性ともに優れた自己潤滑性複合材料である。The products of the present invention are sample numbers 1 to 4, and are examples in which the binder phase is a copper alloy, an iron alloy, a nickel alloy, or a titanium alloy. The material of the present invention has a tensile strength of 20 kg/mm2
As described above, the coefficient of friction in air and vacuum is 0.2 or less, making it a self-lubricating composite material with excellent strength and lubricity.
【００２１】本発明よりはずれた比較例は試料番号５か
ら８に示す。結合相中にＮｉとＢを含まないか、ないし
はその量が少ない試料番号５と６は摩擦係数が小さいも
のの焼結体の強度が低い。試料番号７はＷＳ２ を含ま
ないために真空中での摩擦係数が大きい。試料番号８は
潤滑性物質の配合量が少ないために、強度は高いものの
、摩擦係数、比摩耗率ともに大きい。Comparative examples deviating from the present invention are shown in sample numbers 5 to 8. Samples Nos. 5 and 6, which do not contain Ni and B in the binder phase or contain a small amount of Ni and B, have a small coefficient of friction, but the strength of the sintered body is low. Sample No. 7 does not contain WS2 and therefore has a large friction coefficient in vacuum. Sample No. 8 contains a small amount of lubricant, so although its strength is high, its friction coefficient and specific wear rate are both high.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】[Table 1]
【００２３】[0023]
【表２】[Table 2]
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の自己潤滑性複合材料は摩擦係数
と比摩耗率が低く、かつ機械的性質に優れたもので、こ
れまで使用できなかった高温ならびに苛酷な雰囲気で使
用することができる画期的な材料である。[Effects of the invention] The self-lubricating composite material of the present invention has a low coefficient of friction and a low specific wear rate, and has excellent mechanical properties, and can be used at high temperatures and harsh environments that were previously unusable. It is a revolutionary material.
Claims (4)
成分とし、０．５〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１
．０重量％のＢを含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μ
ｍ 以下の粒状潤滑性物相を、５体積％以上８０体積％
以下含み、残りが金属及び合金の結合相からなることを
特徴とする自己潤滑性複合材。Claim 1: The main components are boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, with 0.5-5.0% by weight of Ni and 0.05-1% by weight of Ni.
．． Contains 0% B by weight, particle size 20μm or more 2000μm
5% or more by volume or more and 80% by volume of the granular lubricating phase of m or less.
A self-lubricating composite material comprising the following, with the remainder consisting of a binder phase of metal and alloy.
化タングステンを、それぞれ少なくとも５体積％含んで
いる請求項１記載の自己潤滑性複合材。2. The self-lubricating composite of claim 1, wherein the particulate lubricating phase contains at least 5% by volume each of boron nitride and tungsten disulfide.
ケル系合金、コバルト系合金及びチタン系合金の少なく
とも１種からなる請求項１または２記載の自己潤滑性複
合材。3. The self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1, wherein the binder phase comprises at least one of a copper alloy, an iron alloy, a nickel alloy, a cobalt alloy, and a titanium alloy.
成分とし、０．５〜５．０重量％のＮｉと０．０５〜１
．０重量％のＢを含む、粒径２０μｍ 以上２０００μ
ｍ 以下の粒状潤滑性物質の粉末と、結合相成形用の合
金粉末とを、混合及び成形後、非酸化性雰囲気中で７０
０℃以上１３００℃以下の温度で焼結することを特徴と
する自己潤滑性複合材の製造方法。4. The main components are boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, and 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of Ni and 0.05 to 1% by weight of Ni.
．． Contains 0% B by weight, particle size 20μm or more 2000μm
After mixing and molding the powder of the granular lubricating substance below and the alloy powder for binder phase molding, it was heated for 70 min in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
A method for producing a self-lubricating composite material, comprising sintering at a temperature of 0°C or higher and 1300°C or lower.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3086921A JPH0826339B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Self-lubricating composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3086921A JPH0826339B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Self-lubricating composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04320496A true JPH04320496A (en) | 1992-11-11 |
| JPH0826339B2 JPH0826339B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
Family
ID=13900322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3086921A Expired - Lifetime JPH0826339B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Self-lubricating composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0826339B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04320494A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Self-lubricating material and its preparation |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS525631A (en) * | 1975-07-01 | 1977-01-17 | Fukuda Metal Foil Powder | Selfflubricating and selfffluxing alloy powder |
| JPH02222492A (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-05 | Komatsu Ltd | Complex solid lubricant |
| JPH04320494A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Self-lubricating material and its preparation |
-
1991
- 1991-04-18 JP JP3086921A patent/JPH0826339B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS525631A (en) * | 1975-07-01 | 1977-01-17 | Fukuda Metal Foil Powder | Selfflubricating and selfffluxing alloy powder |
| JPH02222492A (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-05 | Komatsu Ltd | Complex solid lubricant |
| JPH04320494A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Self-lubricating material and its preparation |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04320494A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Self-lubricating material and its preparation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0826339B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
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