JPH01319757A - Microencapsulated toner - Google Patents
Microencapsulated tonerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01319757A JPH01319757A JP63152140A JP15214088A JPH01319757A JP H01319757 A JPH01319757 A JP H01319757A JP 63152140 A JP63152140 A JP 63152140A JP 15214088 A JP15214088 A JP 15214088A JP H01319757 A JPH01319757 A JP H01319757A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- core material
- compd
- fixing
- melting point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- YMTIVRXMVHWIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C YMTIVRXMVHWIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006249 styrenic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
- G03G9/0935—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the core material
- G03G9/09378—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は電子写真法、電子写真プリンター、静電記録法
、磁気記録法或いは静電写真法などに適したトナーに関
し、特に定着性に優れたマイクロカプセルトナーに関す
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a toner suitable for electrophotography, electrophotographic printers, electrostatic recording, magnetic recording, electrostatic photography, etc., and particularly relates to a toner with excellent fixing properties. The present invention relates to a microcapsule toner.
［従来の技術］
従来静電潜像、磁気潜像などを現像し、定着するだめに
、着色微粒子であるトナーを用いることは知られている
。このトナーは基本的に潜像に忠実な現像ができ得る特
性と、適当な定着法により定着し得る定着性が必要であ
る。[Prior Art] It has been known to use toner, which is colored fine particles, to develop and fix electrostatic latent images, magnetic latent images, and the like. This toner basically needs to have characteristics that allow faithful development of the latent image and fixability that allows it to be fixed by an appropriate fixing method.
従来トナーに関しては現像特性、定着特性を満足させる
ために、様々な構成のトナーが開発されている。また最
近特に優れた定着特性と現像性を持ったトナーとして芯
物質と外殻とを有するトナーを構成し、定着性と現像性
の機能を分離したマイクロカプセルトナーも知られるよ
うになってきている。このマイクロカプセル構成のトナ
ーは従来得ることのできなかった様な低い圧力での定着
性が低い温度での定着性が良く、かつ現像性にも優れて
いる。Conventionally, toners having various configurations have been developed in order to satisfy developing characteristics and fixing characteristics. Recently, microcapsule toner, which has a core material and an outer shell and has separate fixing and developing properties, has become known as a toner with particularly excellent fixing properties and developability. . This toner having a microcapsule structure has good fixing properties at low pressures and low temperatures, which have not been previously available, and is also excellent in developability.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
上述のトナーにより小型の複写装置や、印字装置を得る
ことが可能になった。しかしながら場合によってはその
定着特性は必ずしも満足のゆくものではない。例えば、
低い圧力で圧力定着するように構成されたカプセルトナ
ーは、定着画像を強い圧力で摺擦したり、折り曲げたり
すると定着画像が汚れたり、はげたりすることがあった
。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned toner has made it possible to obtain small-sized copying devices and printing devices. However, in some cases the fixing properties are not always satisfactory. for example,
Capsule toner that is configured to be fixed under low pressure may stain or peel off the fixed image if the fixed image is rubbed or bent under strong pressure.
本発明の目的は、上述の如き欠点を解決したマイクロカ
プセルトナーを提供するものであり、さらに本発明の目
的は特に定着性に優れたマイクロカプセルトナーを提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a microcapsule toner that solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and a further object of the present invention is to provide a microcapsule toner that has particularly excellent fixing properties.
［問題点を解決するための手段及び作用］上記目的を達
成した本発明は、芯物質に融点が０℃以下でかつ沸点が
８０℃以上の非極性炭化水素化合物と融点が６０〜１２
０℃の非極性炭化水素化合物が、２０／ ８０〜５０１
５０の比率で混合され含有されておりかつ芯物質と外殻
との重量比が７０／ ３０〜９５１５であることを特徴
とするマイクロカプセルトナーである。[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention, which has achieved the above object, comprises a core substance containing a nonpolar hydrocarbon compound having a melting point of 0°C or lower and a boiling point of 80°C or higher, and a melting point of 60 to 12°C.
Non-polar hydrocarbon compound at 0℃ is 20/80~501
The microcapsule toner is characterized in that the core material and the outer shell are mixed and contained in a ratio of 70/30 to 9,515.
ここにおいて融点が０℃以下でかつ沸点が８０℃以上の
非極性炭化水素化合物として好ましいのはＣｎＨ２ｎ。Here, CnH2n is preferred as the nonpolar hydrocarbon compound having a melting point of 0°C or lower and a boiling point of 80°C or higher.
２で表わされる。ノルマルまたは分枝アルカンでｎが５
から１０のものである。好ましくは融点が一２０℃以下
のもので、例えば
融点 沸点
ｎ−／す７ −５３．６０ １５０．８０ｎ
−デカン −２９．７２ １７４．０４があ
る。安定性の点から好ましいのは比較的高い８点を有す
る物質で、上記のような１００℃以上の沸点を有する物
質である。融点が６０〜９０”Ｃの非極性炭化水素化合
物として好ましいのは、Ｃｎ）１２ｎ−２で表わされる
。ノルマルまたは分枝アルカンでｎが２５〜５０程度の
ものでパラフィンまたはキャンドルワックス、マイクロ
ワックスとして知られるものであるが、中でも好ましい
のは、相溶性の点から直鎖状のノルマルのパラフィンで
ｎが３０〜４０のものである。It is represented by 2. Normal or branched alkane with n=5
10. Preferably, it has a melting point of 120°C or less, for example, melting point boiling point n-/s7 -53.60 150.80n
- Decane -29.72 There is 174.04. Preferred from the viewpoint of stability are substances with a relatively high point of 8, such as those having a boiling point of 100° C. or more as mentioned above. Preferred non-polar hydrocarbon compounds with a melting point of 60 to 90"C are represented by Cn)12n-2.Normal or branched alkanes with n of about 25 to 50 are used as paraffin, candle wax, or microwax. Among the well-known paraffins, from the viewpoint of compatibility, linear normal paraffins with n of 30 to 40 are preferred.
本発明のトナーを得るためには上記低融点の炭化水素と
高融点の炭化水素を２０／８０〜５０１５０の重量比で
混合する。In order to obtain the toner of the present invention, the above-mentioned low melting point hydrocarbon and high melting point hydrocarbon are mixed in a weight ratio of 20/80 to 50,150.
融点が０℃以下の炭化水素は常温で液体の物質であるが
、６０〜９０℃の非極性炭化水素化合物と混合すると極
めてよ〈相溶するので実質上固体として扱うことができ
る。従来液体をカプセルに内含させるトナーは特開昭５
８−１４４４３号公報などで知られるがこの様な場合に
は液体を保持するために１０ｎ粒径のトナーでも外殻の
厚さをＩｇ程度にする必要があり、芯物質と外殻の比率
が５０／ ５０程度になるこの様な系では外殻材料が定
着後残って画像を汚染したりした０本発明において、芯
物質材料の構成を上記の通り特定し、芯物質と外殻の量
比を７０／３０〜９５１５にすることにより、液体を内
包し定着性に優れ、かつ外殻材料による画像汚染等が生
じないトナーを得ることができる。Hydrocarbons with melting points of 0°C or lower are liquid substances at room temperature, but when mixed with nonpolar hydrocarbon compounds of 60 to 90°C, they are extremely compatible and can be treated as substantially solids. Conventional toner containing liquid in capsules was developed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 5
As is known from Publication No. 8-14443, in such a case, even toner with a particle size of 10n needs to have an outer shell thickness of about Ig in order to retain the liquid, and the ratio of the core material to the outer shell is In such a system where the ratio is about 50/50, the outer shell material remains after fixing and contaminates the image. By setting the ratio to 70/30 to 9515, it is possible to obtain a toner that includes liquid, has excellent fixing properties, and does not cause image staining due to the outer shell material.
本発明のトナーを製造する方法は、上記の芯物質材料と
着色材料を混合したのち、冷却し粉砕し、外殻を生成す
る方法ど、冷却する前に微粒子化し冷却したのち外殻を
生成する方法がある。The method for manufacturing the toner of the present invention includes mixing the above-mentioned core material and coloring material, cooling and pulverizing the mixture to form an outer shell, and the like. There is a way.
どちらの方法でもトナーを作成することはできるが、よ
り好ましいのは材料を溶解し混合した状態で微粒子化し
、しかるのち”に冷却する方法である。この方法で製造
することにより同じ材料を芯物質材料に用いても耐久性
により優れたより丈夫な芯物質を作ることができる。こ
れは溶融された微粒子が冷却されて固化していく際に外
側から固化していくので外側に高融点の固形分が存在し
、内側に低融点の液体骨が存在する構成が形成されてい
るものと考えられる。Although toner can be produced using either method, a more preferable method is to melt and mix the materials into fine particles and then cool them. Even when used as a material, it is possible to create a stronger core substance with better durability.This is because when the molten particles are cooled and solidified, they solidify from the outside, so there is a solid content with a high melting point on the outside. It is thought that a structure is formed in which liquid bone with a low melting point exists on the inside.
本発明のトナーを圧力定着に用いることにより、従来の
固体芯の圧力定着性トナーでは得られなかった強い摺擦
にも耐える定着性を得ることができる。また、液体芯の
ようにオフセットもないと同時に現像性、安定性にも優
れたトナーを得ることができる。これは未定着の状態で
は上記の様に構成された芯物質は未定着時には固体とし
て機能し定着時に液体が浸み出して、機能する効果が発
現するためであると考えられる。By using the toner of the present invention for pressure fixing, it is possible to obtain fixing properties that can withstand strong rubbing, which could not be obtained with conventional pressure fixable toners having solid cores. Further, it is possible to obtain a toner that is free from offset unlike liquid cores and has excellent developability and stability. This is thought to be because in an unfixed state, the core substance configured as described above functions as a solid in the unfixed state, and the liquid oozes out during fixing, thereby producing a functional effect.
本発明のカプセルトナーを作成するための外殻の材料と
してはポリスチレン、ポリアクリレート、ポリエステル
などの高分子重合体または共重合体が用いられる。特に
好ましいのは平均分子量が１万以上のスチレン系共重合
体である。カプセルを作成する方法は各種の方法を用い
ることができ、スプレー法、 Ｉｎ−５ｉｔｕ重合法、
相分離方法などを用いることができる。好ましいのは水
系からの相分離方法またはＩｎ−５ｉｔｕ重合法であり
、溶剤系からの相分離方法の場合には溶剤への液状物質
の流出をふうしたために冷却しながら相分離を行なうよ
うにする方法が用いられる。As the outer shell material for producing the capsule toner of the present invention, a high molecular weight polymer or copolymer such as polystyrene, polyacrylate, polyester, etc. is used. Particularly preferred are styrenic copolymers having an average molecular weight of 10,000 or more. Various methods can be used to create capsules, including spray method, in-5itu polymerization method,
A phase separation method or the like can be used. Preferred is a phase separation method from an aqueous system or an in-5itu polymerization method, and in the case of a phase separation method from a solvent system, the phase separation is performed while cooling to prevent the liquid substance from flowing into the solvent. method is used.
本発明のトナーは圧力定着法に用いることにより従来ト
ナーよりすぐれた定着特性を得ることができるが、この
トナーを熱を主体とする定着に用いても従来のトナーに
比べより低い熱量で定着が可能になる。When the toner of the present invention is used in a pressure fixing method, it is possible to obtain better fixing characteristics than conventional toners, but even when this toner is used for fixing that mainly uses heat, it can be fixed with a lower amount of heat than conventional toners. It becomes possible.
［実施例］
実施例１
上記材料を混合し、１２０℃に熱したマドライタに投入
してよく混合した。９５℃に加温した水中に分散剤（超
微粒子状シリカ）を分散したのちに上記混合物を投入し
高ぜん断力のミキサーで混合して微粒子化したのち急冷
し、濾過して平均９．８ ｊｌ。[Examples] Example 1 The above materials were mixed and placed in a madritor heated to 120° C. and mixed well. After dispersing the dispersant (ultrafine particulate silica) in water heated to 95°C, the above mixture was added, mixed with a high shear mixer to form fine particles, rapidly cooled, and filtered to give an average of 9.8 jl.
の芯粒子を得た。得られた粒子を一２５℃に冷却したス
チレン−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート樹脂１５
部を溶解したＤＭＦ中に分散し、分散を続けながら水を
滴下し、相分離法によってカプセル化した。得られたト
ナーをキャノン製複写４１１ＰＣ３０に適用し定若後の
画像をシルポンウェスで摺擦したところほとんど画像の
汚れは生じなかった。また連続で５００枚コピーテスト
を行なったところ鮮明な画像が得られた。core particles were obtained. Styrene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate resin 15 was obtained by cooling the obtained particles to -25°C.
The mixture was dispersed in DMF in which a portion was dissolved, water was added dropwise while dispersing, and the mixture was encapsulated by a phase separation method. When the obtained toner was applied to a copying machine 411PC30 manufactured by Canon Co., Ltd. and the image was rubbed with a Silpon rag, almost no staining occurred on the image. Also, when a 500-sheet copy test was conducted continuously, clear images were obtained.
実施例２
上記材料を混合し、１００℃に加温した３本ロールミル
に投入しよく混合した。９０℃に加温した水中に分散剤
（超微粒子状シリカ）を分散したのちに上記混合物を投
入し、高ぜん断力のミキサーで混合して微粒子化したの
ち急冷し、濾過して平均９．５給の芯粒子を得た。得ら
れた粒子を一２５℃に冷却したスチレン−ジメチルアミ
ノエチルメタクリレート樹脂１０部を溶解したＤＭＦ中
に分散し、分散を続けながら氷を滴下し、相分離法によ
ってカプセル化した。得られたトナーをキャノン製複写
機ＰＣ３０の定着機をフラッシュ定着機につけ替えた装
置に適用した。画像は完全に定着した。Example 2 The above materials were mixed and placed in a three-roll mill heated to 100°C and mixed well. After dispersing the dispersant (ultrafine particulate silica) in water heated to 90°C, the above mixture was added, mixed in a high shear mixer to form fine particles, rapidly cooled, and filtered to give an average of 9. Five core particles were obtained. The obtained particles were dispersed in DMF in which 10 parts of styrene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate resin had been cooled to -25° C., ice was added dropwise while dispersion was continued, and the particles were encapsulated by a phase separation method. The obtained toner was applied to a Canon copier PC30 in which the fixing machine was replaced with a flash fixing machine. The image is completely fixed.
比較例１
実施例１においてパラフィンの量を２０部にした以外は
実施例１と同様にして実験を行なった。得られた画像の
濃度は低くまた５００枚連続コピーテストを行なったと
ころ全く画像が出なくなった。Comparative Example 1 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of paraffin was changed to 20 parts. The density of the obtained image was low, and when a 500-sheet continuous copy test was performed, no image appeared at all.
トナーをｓ微鏡で観察したところほとんどの微子が変形
しており、トナー同士で凝集していた。When the toner was observed with an s-microscope, most of the particles were deformed and the toner aggregated with each other.
［発明の効果］
以上の様に本発明のトナーを用いると、鮮明で、かつ汚
れを生じない高画質な画像が得られる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, when the toner of the present invention is used, clear, high-quality images that do not cause stains can be obtained.
Claims (1)
セルトナーにおいて、芯物質に融点が０℃以下でかつ沸
点が８０℃以上の非極性炭化水素化合物と、融点が６０
〜１２０℃の非極性炭化水素化合物を、２０／８０〜５
０／５０の比率で混合して含有しかつ芯物質と外殻との
重量比が７０／３０〜９５／５であることを特徴とする
マイクロカプセルトナー。In a microcapsule toner having a core material and an outer shell covering the core material, the core material contains a nonpolar hydrocarbon compound having a melting point of 0° C. or lower and a boiling point of 80° C. or higher, and a melting point of 60° C.
~120℃ non-polar hydrocarbon compound, 20/80~5
A microcapsule toner comprising a core material and an outer shell mixed at a ratio of 0/50 and having a weight ratio of 70/30 to 95/5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63152140A JPH01319757A (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Microencapsulated toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63152140A JPH01319757A (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Microencapsulated toner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01319757A true JPH01319757A (en) | 1989-12-26 |
Family
ID=15533914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63152140A Pending JPH01319757A (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1988-06-22 | Microencapsulated toner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01319757A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8029709B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2011-10-04 | The University Of Cincinnati | Liquid core capsules and methods of synthesis thereof through interfacial polymerization |
-
1988
- 1988-06-22 JP JP63152140A patent/JPH01319757A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8029709B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2011-10-04 | The University Of Cincinnati | Liquid core capsules and methods of synthesis thereof through interfacial polymerization |
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