JP5709954B2 - 金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法 - Google Patents
金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5709954B2 JP5709954B2 JP2013196589A JP2013196589A JP5709954B2 JP 5709954 B2 JP5709954 B2 JP 5709954B2 JP 2013196589 A JP2013196589 A JP 2013196589A JP 2013196589 A JP2013196589 A JP 2013196589A JP 5709954 B2 JP5709954 B2 JP 5709954B2
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- platinum
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 104
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- FBSNEJXXSJHKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=C(C(C=C1)([Pt]C)C)C Chemical group CC1=C(C(C=C1)([Pt]C)C)C FBSNEJXXSJHKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 bis-cyclopentadienyl nickel Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZABVBYGUHBRHFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Pt]C.C1CC=CCCC=C1 Chemical compound C[Pt]C.C1CC=CCCC=C1 ZABVBYGUHBRHFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IYWJIYWFPADQAN-LNTINUHCSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O IYWJIYWFPADQAN-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OXJUCLBTTSNHOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethylcyclopenta-1,3-diene;ruthenium(2+) Chemical compound [Ru+2].CC[C-]1C=CC=C1.CC[C-]1C=CC=C1 OXJUCLBTTSNHOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FSKLOGLSYZIRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbanide 2-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene platinum(4+) Chemical compound [CH3-].[CH3-].[CH3-].[Pt+4].CC=1C=C[CH-]C=1 FSKLOGLSYZIRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AEVRNKXPLOTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;cobalt;cyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Co].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 AEVRNKXPLOTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FCEOGYWNOSBEPV-FDGPNNRMSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical group [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FCEOGYWNOSBEPV-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I molybdenum pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Mo](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical group [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VJGYJQUTDBRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum;trifluorophosphane Chemical compound [Pt].FP(F)F.FP(F)F.FP(F)F.FP(F)F VJGYJQUTDBRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SYKXNRFLNZUGAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pt].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SYKXNRFLNZUGAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FZHCFNGSGGGXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenocene Chemical compound [Ru+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 FZHCFNGSGGGXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCMXXMBISYVGNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au].CC1=C(C=CC=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical group [Au].CC1=C(C=CC=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZCMXXMBISYVGNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 31
- DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Pt] Chemical compound [C].[Pt] DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100288387 Caenorhabditis elegans lab-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012696 Pd precursors Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQCYXHTUDKAWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] PQCYXHTUDKAWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPEVHDGLPIIAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(3+) Chemical compound [Ru+3] BPEVHDGLPIIAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/462—Ruthenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
- B01J23/52—Gold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
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Description
支持体としては、γ−アルミナ(表面積155m2/g、〜150メッシュ、58Å)を用い、支持体として用いるために、110℃のオーブンで12時間(overnight)乾燥した状態の試料(アルミナ)0.2gを石英フィルタが設けられた石英管(1/2インチ)中に入れて準備する。このとき、オーブン内に装着された状態である2つの気化器は、内部が窒素雰囲気に維持される状態で流入及び流出のためのコックは何れも閉じられている状態であり、気化器を経由せずに通るバイパスラインを介して窒素を30分以上流すことで、反応器の内部の不純物を除去した。
実施形態1の方法で製造したアルミナに担持された白金−炭素コアシェル構造体(白金−炭素複合体担持触媒)の合成工程による試料の表面を、走査電子顕微鏡を用いて分析し、その結果を図1〜図2に示した。図1は、炭素層で覆われたアルミナの表面を分析したものであって、アルミナの表面が全体的に炭素層で覆われていることが確認できる。図2は、炭素層で覆われたアルミナ表面に担持された白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)を分析したものであって、アルミナの表面に全体的に均等に白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)が担持されていることが確認できる。
実施形態1によって合成されたアルミナ表面に担持された白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)の炭素性状を把握するために、ラマン分析を行い、その結果を図3に示した。ラマングラフにおいて上部分に示されるグラフは、アルミナに担持された白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)触媒の結果であり、1350cm-1で現れるDバンド欠陥系カーボン(disordered carbon)のピークに比べて1580cm-1で現れるGバンドグラファイト系カーボン(graphitic carbon)のピークの大きさがより大きく現れることが確認できる。しかし、支持体として用いられたアルミナの存在がラマン結果に大きく影響を及ぼすので、炭素シェルの性状を正確に把握しにくい。従って、アルミナ表面に担持された白金−炭素コアシェルを選択的に捕集してラマン分析を行い、その結果を下部分に示した。結果から分かるように、Dピークに比べてGピークの大きさが約7倍より大きく得られ、これにより白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)を構成する炭素シェルは、結晶性が非常に優れたグラフェン構造の特性を有することが確認できる。また、ここで現れるDピークは、炭素シェルに存在する欠陥によるものと見られ、このような欠陥は、気相の触媒反応で気体分子の移動経路として用いられる。
実施形態1によって合成されたアルミナ表面に担持された白金−炭素複合体(コアシェル構造体)(Pt 1wt%)の触媒反応活性を把握するために、メタンの二酸化炭素改質反応を行い、その触媒性能を初期含浸法によって製造された一般の含浸触媒(Pt(1.8wt%)/Al2O3)と比較した。(図4参照)
120 炭素層
130 金属コア
140 炭素(グラフェン)シェル
Claims (11)
- (S1)酸化物系の支持体表面に炭素でコーティングして炭素層を形成した後、反応器の内部に前記支持体を位置させる工程と、
(S2)それぞれの気化器内で、白金、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ニッケル、コバルト、モリブデン及び金からなる群より選択される1つ以上の金属の金属前駆体及び炭素シェルの形成のための有機物前駆体を気化させる工程と、
(S3)それぞれの気化した前記金属前駆体及び前記有機物前駆体を非接触状態でキャリアガスを介して前記支持体が位置する反応器に供給する工程と、
(S4)前記反応器を加熱した後、温度を一定に維持して酸化物系の支持体に担持された金属−炭素複合体を合成する工程と
を含む水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。 - 前記(S1)工程で酸化物系の支持体表面を炭素でコーティングした後、追加でN−ドーピング又はオゾンで表面を処理する工程を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記酸化物系の支持体は、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、ゼオライト及びMCM−41からなる群より選択される1つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(S1)工程での炭素コーティングは、400〜1000℃で行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(S1)工程での炭素コーティングは、メタン、アセチレン、メタノール、エタノール、アセトン、ベンゼン、トルエン及びキシレンからなる群より選択される1つ以上のものからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記白金(Pt)前駆体は、(トリメチル)メチルシクロペンタジエニル白金、白金(II)アセチルアセトネート、テトラキス(トリフルオロホスフィン)白金(0)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)白金(0)、白金(II)ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトネート、トリメチル(メチルシクロペンタジエニル)白金(IV)及び(1,5−シクロオクタジエン)ジメチル白金(II)からなる群より選択され、
前記パラジウム(Pd)前駆体は、パラジウム(II)アセテート、ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトネートパラジウム(II)又はパラジウム(II)アセチルアセトネートであり、
前記ルテニウム(Ru)前駆体は、ルテニウムアセチルアセトネート、ビス(エチルシクロペンタジエニル)ルテニウム(II)、ビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ルテニウム(II)、又はトリス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタジオネート)ルテニウム(III)であり、
前記ニッケル(Ni)前駆体として、ニッケル(II)アセチルアセトネート、ビス−シクロペンタジエニルニッケル、又はテトラキストリフルオロホスフィンニッケルであり、
前記コバルト(Co)前駆体は、コバルト(II)アセチルアセトネート、ジカルボニルシクロペンタジエニルコバルト、コバルトカルボニル、又はシクロペンタジエニルジカルボニル−コバルト(I)であり、
前記モリブデン(Mo)前駆体は、モリブデンヘキサカルボニル又はモリブデン(V)塩化物であり、
前記金(Au)前駆体は、メチル(トリフェニルホスフィン)金(I)であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。 - 前記炭素シェルの形成のための有機物前駆体は、メタン、アセチレン、メタノール、エタノール、アセトン、ベンゼン、トルエン及びキシレンからなる群より選択される1つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記キャリアガスは、酸素、水素、アルゴン、ヘリウム及び窒素気体からなる群より選択された1つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(S2)工程は、気化した前駆体の沸点附近に温度を維持する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(S3)工程で、反応器の温度を300℃以上に加熱することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(S3)工程で、反応器の温度を300〜1800℃の範囲内の温度に加熱することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素製造工程用の金属−炭素複合体担持触媒の製造方法。
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KR1020120105762A KR101365716B1 (ko) | 2012-09-24 | 2012-09-24 | 동시기화법을 이용하는 수소 제조 공정용 금속-탄소 복합체 담지 촉매의 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 수소 제조 공정용 금속-탄소 복합체 담지 촉매 |
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KR101341550B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-12-13 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 동시기화법을 이용하는 연료전지용 전극 촉매의 제조방법, 이에 의해 제조된 촉매를 포함하는 연료전지용 전극의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
KR101334057B1 (ko) * | 2012-08-23 | 2013-11-29 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 동시기화법을 이용한 다중성분 금속-하이브리드 나노 복합체의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 다중성분 금속-하이브리드 나노 복합체 |
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KR101568247B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-02 | 2015-11-12 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 질소 도핑된 탄소 표면을 갖는 금속-탄소 하이브리드 복합체 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101532898B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-07-02 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 액중 전기 폭발법을 이용한 복합금속 분말의 제조 방법 및 다중 탄소층이 코팅된 복합금속 분말 |
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WO2017081631A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-18 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Multifunctional and stable nano-architectures containing nanocarbon and nano- or micro structures and a calcined hydrotalcite shell |
CN105405975B (zh) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-09-22 | 苏州大学 | 具有核壳结构的Cu@Cu‑Au纳米颗粒及其制备方法和应用 |
US11390960B1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2022-07-19 | Plasma Processes, Llc | High temperature corrosion resistant composite structure consisting of ruthenium and its alloys |
CN109305875B (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2021-08-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种环烷烃类化合物的合成方法 |
KR101950701B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-02-21 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 탄소-코팅된 지지체 기반의 촉매를 이용한 수소 저장 및 방출 방법 |
CN107983380B (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2021-07-02 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种碳层包覆的复合型催化剂及其制备方法、在催化合成异戊二烯中的应用 |
CN112292205A (zh) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-01-29 | 贺利氏德国有限两合公司 | 贵金属催化剂团块、其制造和焚烧方法 |
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CN110935454B (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-04-22 | 杭州钦宁科技有限公司 | 一种二氧化硅/镍核壳纳米结构材料的制备方法 |
CN114425455B (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-09-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种催化载体材料、催化材料及制法和应用 |
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