JP5337930B2 - 排気浄化方法 - Google Patents
排気浄化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5337930B2 JP5337930B2 JP2008278900A JP2008278900A JP5337930B2 JP 5337930 B2 JP5337930 B2 JP 5337930B2 JP 2008278900 A JP2008278900 A JP 2008278900A JP 2008278900 A JP2008278900 A JP 2008278900A JP 5337930 B2 JP5337930 B2 JP 5337930B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 105
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 265
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020203 CeO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
マグネシア(MgO)を水に分解・分散させてスラリーが調製され、スラリーとされた、粒径が0.1μm〜3.0μmのMgOが触媒層に添加されて焼成されることにより、例えば、触媒層中において1μm〜10μm程度の空孔を増加させることができ、排ガスの拡散を促進することができる。
2 点火プラグ
3 燃料噴射弁
4 吸気ポート
5 スロットルバルブ
6 排気ポート
7 排気通路
8 上流触媒
9 NOxトラップ触媒
10 三元触媒
11 平板
12 波板
13 セル
14 触媒層
15 コーティング層
16 微小空孔
Claims (7)
- 一つのセルの中の角部が鋭角とされるメタル担体に、貴金属、耐火性無機酸化物、及びNOxトラップ剤を含む触媒層が担持され、
粒径が0.1μm〜3.0μmのマグネシア(MgO)が空孔形成促進剤として用いられ、マグネシア(MgO)を水に分解・分散させてスラリーが調製され、
前記触媒層は、前記スラリーとされた前記空孔形成促進剤の添加によって形成される空孔を持ち、
排気空燃比がリーン状態の時に排気中のNOxを吸蔵すると共に排気空燃比が理論空燃比もしくはリッチ状態の時に吸蔵されたNOxを放出・還元するNOxトラップ触媒を、内燃機関の排気通路に配置し、
排気空燃比がリーン状態とリッチ状態の間を変動することでNOxを浄化する
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項1に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記NOxトラップ剤は、アルカリ金属もしくはアルカリ土類金属である
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項2に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記アルカリ金属もしくはアルカリ土類金属は、カリウム(K)である
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項3に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記触媒層には、前記カリウム(K)を安定させるゼオライトが添加されている
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記貴金属は白金(Pt)であり、前記触媒層にはセリア(CeO 2 )が含まれている
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記触媒層には、硫黄(S)被毒を抑制するチタニア(TiO 2 )が含まれている
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。 - 請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の排気浄化方法において、
前記内燃機関は、燃焼室に燃料を直接噴射して燃料を希薄燃焼させる直噴型内燃機関であり、
前記NOxトラップ触媒の下流には更に三元触媒が配置され、前記三元触媒は、NOxトラップ剤の捕捉剤が触媒層に含まれている
ことを特徴とする排気浄化方法。
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CN2009102092967A CN101725395B (zh) | 2008-10-29 | 2009-10-29 | 排气净化方法 |
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WO2016136560A1 (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 排ガス浄化用触媒、その製造方法、及び、それを用いた排ガス浄化方法 |
US9956526B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2018-05-01 | Tecogen Inc. | Poison-resistant catalyst and systems containing same |
JP6219871B2 (ja) | 2015-03-27 | 2017-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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US20060168949A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-03 | Lifeng Xu | Alumina-based lean NOx trap system and method of use in dual-mode HCCI engines |
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