JP3899560B2 - Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same - Google Patents

Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same Download PDF

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JP3899560B2
JP3899560B2 JP23646196A JP23646196A JP3899560B2 JP 3899560 B2 JP3899560 B2 JP 3899560B2 JP 23646196 A JP23646196 A JP 23646196A JP 23646196 A JP23646196 A JP 23646196A JP 3899560 B2 JP3899560 B2 JP 3899560B2
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liquid crystal
crystal composition
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JPH1081881A (en
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清文 竹内
徳恵 石田
晴義 高津
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DIC Corp
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Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電気光学的表示材料として有用なネマチック液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶表示素子の代表的なものにTN-LCD(ツイスティッド・ネマチック液晶表示素子)があり、時計、電卓、電子手帳、ポケットコンピュータ、ワードプロセッサ、パーソナルコンピュータなどに使用されている。一方、OA機器の処理情報の増加に伴い、一画面に表示される情報量が増大しており、シェファー(Scheffer)等[SID '85 Digest, 120頁(1985年)]、あるいは衣川等[SID '86 Digest, 122頁(1986年)]によって、STN(スーパー・ツイスティッド・ネマチック)−LCDが開発され、ワードプロセッサ、パーソナルコンピュータなどの高情報処理用の表示に広く普及しはじめている。
【0003】
最近、STN-LCDでの応答特性を改善する目的でアクティブアドレッシング駆動方式が提案されている(Proc.12th International Display Research Conference p.503 1992年)。この様な液晶材料として、弾性定数比K33/K11が1.5前後、誘電率異方性や粘性が比較的小さいことと併せて、特に複屈折率が大きいものが要求されている。また、カラーフィルター層を用いないでカラー表示ができる方法として、液晶と位相差板の複屈折性を利用した新規反射型カラー液晶表示方式が提案されている。(テレビジョン学会技術報告 vol.14 No10.p.51 1990年)この様な液晶材料として、光の波長の違いによってより大きな位相差が現れるものがよいことから、特に複屈折率が大きいものが要求されており、現在も新しい液晶化合物あるいは液晶組成物の提案がなされている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述のようなTN-LCDやSTN-LCDの電気光学特性を改善するには、粘性が小さく弾性定数が大きい粘弾性に優れることあるいは複屈折率の大きい液晶材料が必要である。また、電気光学特性がより改善され、液晶材料のより高い化学的安定性、液晶表示の高速応答性及び駆動温度範囲のより広い特性についても必要である。しかし、依然として問題が残されたままである。より具体的には、スメクチック相や結晶相が出現しやすい傾向を有するため、電気光学特性に優れ、且つ広い温度範囲で駆動可能な液晶表示装置を作製することに問題があり、暗い画質を補う目的で付加されたバックライト等に対する耐熱性等に優れることが必要とされている。
【0005】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、上記の問題を解決あるいはより改善することにあり、粘弾性が優れあるいは複屈折率が大きく、駆動可能な温度範囲が広く、応答性に優れたネマチック液晶組成物を提供することにあり、この液晶組成物を構成材料として用いた、電気光学特性の改善された液晶表示装置を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題を解決するために、
1.一般式(I)
【0007】
【化4】

Figure 0003899560
【0008】
(式中、R11及びR12は各々独立的に水素原子又は炭素原子数1〜5の直鎖状アルキル基を表し、n1及びn2は各々独立的に2又は4の整数を表す。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の化合物からなる液晶成分Aを2〜40重量%の範囲で含有し、+2以上の誘電率異方性の化合物を少なくとも2種以上含む液晶成分Bを20〜90重量%の範囲で含有する液晶組成物であり、該液晶組成物が3以上の誘電率異方性であり、70℃以上のネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度であり、−10℃以下の結晶相又はスメクチック相−ネマチック相転移温度であることを特徴とするネマチック液晶組成物。
2.液晶成分Bとして、一般式(II-1)〜(II-3)
【0009】
【化5】
Figure 0003899560
【0010】
(式中、R21〜R23は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルケニル基又はCs2s+1-O-Ct2tを表し、s及びtは各々独立的に1〜5の整数を表し、X21〜X23は各々独立的にF、Cl、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-CF3又は-CNを表し、Y21〜Y28は各々独立的に水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、Z21〜Z23は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-、-C≡C-又は-C48-を表し、Z24及びZ25は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-又は-C≡C-を表し、k及びlは各々独立的に0又は1を表し、各化合物におけるシクロヘキサン環の水素原子(H)は重水素原子(D)で置換されていても良い。)で表わされる化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することを特徴とする上記1記載のネマチック液晶組成物。
3.前記液晶組成物に加えることのできる液晶成分Cとして、一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)
【0011】
【化6】
Figure 0003899560
【0012】
(式中、R31〜R33は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基又はアルケニル基を表し、R34〜R36は各々独立的に炭素原子数1〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルケニル基又はアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Y31は水素原子、フッ素原子又は-CH3を表し、Y32及びY33は各々独立的に水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、Z31〜Z34は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-又は-C48-を表し、Z35は単結合、-C≡C-又は-COO-を表し、環A31及び環A32はシクロヘキサン環又はシクロヘキセン環を表し、m、n及びpは各々独立的に0又は1の整数を表す。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することを特徴とする上記1又は2記載のネマチック液晶組成物。
4.上記1、2又は3記載のネマチック液晶組成物を用いたアクティブ・マトリクス形液晶表示装置。
5.上記1、2又は3記載のネマチック液晶組成物を用いたツイスティッド・ネマチック又はスーパー・ツイスティッド・ネマチック液晶表示装置。
6.液晶層の厚みが1〜5μmであることを特徴とする上記4又は5記載の液晶表示装置。
を前記課題の解決手段として見出した。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明のネマチック液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置の一例について説明する。
【0014】
本発明の液晶組成物は、一般式(I)で表される化合物群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の化合物からなる液晶成分Aと誘電率異方性が+2以上の化合物を少なくとも2種以上の液晶成分Bを含有するものであり、これによって、液晶層の光学異方性を高めあるいは粘弾性を優位にすることができ、駆動可能な温度範囲特に低温側で広くさせることができる。液晶成分Aは、少なくとも1種以上を必要とし、1〜8種の範囲が好ましく、1〜4種の範囲がより好ましい。誘電率異方性が+2以上の化合物は、少なくとも2種以上を必要とし、3〜15種の範囲が好ましい。また、誘電率異方性が+8〜+13の化合物、+14〜+18の化合物、+18以上の化合物から適時選んで含有させることが好ましく、所定の駆動電圧や応答特性を得ることができる。この場合、+8〜+13の誘電率異方性の化合物は1〜10種の範囲で混合することが好ましく、+14〜+18の化合物は1〜8種の範囲で混合することが好ましく、+18以上の化合物は1〜10種の範囲で混合することが好ましい。この効果は、液晶成分Aを5〜30重量%の範囲で、液晶成分Bを20〜90重量%の範囲で含有させることによって、更に特段のものとなる。
【0015】
また、本発明のネマチック液晶組成物の結晶相又はスメクチック相−ネマチック相転移温度は、−10℃以下であるが、好ましくは−20℃以下、更に好ましくは−30℃以下である。ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度は、70℃以上であるが、好ましくは80℃以上、更に好ましくは90℃以上である。本発明の液晶組成物は、誘電率異方性が3以上を必要とし、5以上が好ましく、6〜16あるいは17〜28の範囲が好ましい。また、複屈折率は、0.08〜0.28の範囲が特に好ましい。本発明のネマチック液晶組成物は、アクティブ・マトリクス形、ツイスティッド・ネマチックあるいはスーパー・ツイスティッド・ネマチック液晶表示装置に用いることができる。
【0016】
尚、本発明で述べる2より大きい誘電異方性を有する液晶化合物とは、以下の意義で用いる。液晶化合物の化学構造は棒状であり、中央部分が1個から4個の六員環を有したコア構造を有し、中央部分長軸方向の両端に位置する六員環が、液晶分子長軸方向に相当する位置で置換された末端基を有し、両端に存在する末端基の少なくとも一方が極性基であること、即ち、例えば、-CN、-OCN、-NCS、-F、-Cl、-NO2、-CF3、-OCF3、-OCHF2である化合物である。
【0017】
液晶成分Aのおける一般式(I)の化合物は、R11及び又はR12が炭素原子数1〜5の直鎖状アルキル基であることができるが、水素原子で表される化合物がより好ましく、n1及び又n2が2又は4であるが、2で表される化合物がより好ましい。この様にして、本発明の液晶組成物は、一般式(I)の化合物を含有することで、複屈折率Δnが大きく、粘度が小さく、比抵抗や電圧保持率が高いという特徴を有する。
【0018】
本発明は、液晶成分Bの化合物として、一般式(II-1)〜(II-3)
【0019】
【化7】
Figure 0003899560
【0020】
(式中、R21〜R23は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルケニル基又はCs2s+1-O-Ct2tを表し、s及びtは各々独立的に1〜5の整数を表し、X21〜X23は各々独立的にF、Cl、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-CF3又は-CNを表し、Y21〜Y28は各々独立的にH又はFを表し、Z21〜Z23は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-、-C≡C-又は-C48-を表し、Z24、Z25は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-又は-C≡C-を表し、k及びlは各々独立的に0又は1を表し、各化合物におけるシクロヘキサン環の水素原子(H)が重水素原子(D)で置換されていても良い。)で表わされる化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することが好ましい。
【0021】
本発明に係わる一般式(II-1)〜(II-3)で表される化合物は、より具体的には一般式(II-4)〜(II-21)で表される化合物であり、これらの誘電率異方性は+2以上である。第1表は、その代表的な化合物例(No.2-1〜2-16)であり、その相転移温度を示す。尚、下記表中、m.p.は結晶相から液晶相又は等方性液体相に相転移する温度を、c.p.は液晶相から等方性液体相に相転移する温度を各々表す。また、各化合物は、蒸留、カラム精製、再結晶等の方法を用いて不純物を除去し、充分精製したものを使用した。
【0022】
【化8】
Figure 0003899560
【0023】
【化9】
Figure 0003899560
【0024】
【化10】
Figure 0003899560
【0025】
【表1】
Figure 0003899560
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0003899560
【0027】
本発明の液晶組成物は、一般式(II-1)〜(II-3)の化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することで、駆動電圧を低減させることができ、粘度が比較的小さく、比抵抗や電圧保持率が比較的高いという特徴を有する。特に、一般式(II-4)〜(II-10)、一般式(II-12)〜(II-16)の化合物はこの効果に優れている。また、一般式(II-13)、(II-15)、(II-17)〜(II-21)の化合物は、0.5〜30%と少量の添加によってこの効果を得ることができ、優れている。
【0028】
より具体的には、R21は炭素原子数が2〜5のアルキル基又はアルケニル基が好ましく、特にアルケニル基を有する化合物を少なくとも1種以上含有させることが好ましい。R22は炭素原子数2〜5のアルキル基、アルケニル基又はアルコキシ基の化合物が好ましい。更に詳しくは、アルケニル基を有する化合物を多用することが好ましく、特にCH2=CH-(CH2)u(u=0、2)の化合物が好ましい。このことは、液晶成分Cについても同様である。
【0029】
本発明は更に上記ネマチック液晶組成物に加えて、液晶成分Cの液晶化合物として一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)
【0030】
【化11】
Figure 0003899560
【0031】
(式中、R31〜R33は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基又はアルケニル基を表し、R34〜R36は各々独立的に炭素原子数1〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルケニル基又はアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Y31はH、F又は-CH3を表し、Y32、Y33は各々独立的にH又はFを表し、Z31〜Z34は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-又は-C48-を表し、Z35は単結合、-C≡C-又は-COO-を表し、環A31、環A32はシクロヘキサン環又はシクロヘキセン環を表し、m、n、pは各々独立的に0又は1の整数を表す。)で表わされる化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することができる。
【0032】
一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)で表される化合物の代表的なものの例(No.3-1〜3-5)とその相転移温度を下記第2表に示す。尚、表中、Cは結晶相、Sはスメクチック相、Nはネマチック相、Iは等方性液体相を意味する。
【0033】
【表3】
Figure 0003899560
【0034】
一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)で表される特に好ましい化合物として、以下に示す一般式(III-4)〜(III-17)を示す。これらの化合物は、必須成分Aである一般式(I-1)、(I-2)の化合物と良く混合する特徴を有し、低温でのネマチック相を改善させるのに有用である。
【0035】
【化12】
Figure 0003899560
【0036】
【化13】
Figure 0003899560
【0037】
液晶成分Cとして一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)の化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することで、粘度を低減させることができ、比抵抗や電圧保持率が比較的高いという特徴を有する。特に、一般式(III-4)〜(III-10)、(III-12)、(III-13)、(III-15)〜(III-17)で表される化合物が好ましく、R31〜R33が炭素原子数2〜5の直鎖状アルキル基又はCH2=CH-(CH2)u(u=0、2)のアルケニル基である化合物を少なくとも1種以上含有させることにより好ましい効果が得られる。更に特に、一般式(III-7)〜(III-9)、(III-13)及びY31がHである一般式(III-15)〜(III-17)の化合物は、3〜30%と少量の添加によってこの効果を得ることができる。
【0038】
本発明のネマチック液晶組成物は一般式(III-4)〜(III-12)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物、及び/又は一般式(III-13)〜(III-17)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することによって液晶組成物の複屈折率を用途に応じて容易に最適化することができ、一般式(III-4)〜(III-12)の化合物を多用することによって液晶表示装置の色むらの低減、視角特性の向上、コントラスト比の増加を容易に達成することができる。また、一般式(III-13)〜(III-17)の化合物を多用することで液晶層の厚みが1〜5μmの薄い液晶表示素子の作製を可能とすることができ、これにより、高速応答性、低い駆動電圧の特性を得ることができる。
【0039】
上記ネマチック液晶組成物は、高速応答性のTN-LCDやSTN-LCDに有用であり、またカラーフィルター層を用いなくても、液晶層と位相差板の複屈折性でカラー表示をすることができる液晶表示素子に有用なものであり、透過型あるいは反射型の液晶表示素子の用いることができる。この液晶表示素子は、透明性電極層を有し少なくとも一方が透明である基板を有し、この基板間に前記ネマチック液晶組成物の分子をねじれた配向にさせ、目的に応じて30°〜360°の範囲で選択することができ、90°〜270°の範囲で選択することが好ましく、45°〜135°の範囲または180°〜260°の範囲で選択することが特に好ましい。この場合、透明性電極基板に設けられる配向膜によって得られるプレチルト角は、1°〜20°の範囲で選択することが好ましく、ねじれ角が30°〜100°では1°〜4°のプレチルト角が好ましく、100°〜180°では2°〜6°のプレチルト角が好ましく、180°〜260°では3°〜12°のプレチルト角が好ましく、260°〜360°では6°〜20°のプレチルト角が好ましい。
【0040】
本発明の液晶組成物は、上記一般式(I-1)〜(III-3)で表される化合物以外にも、液晶組成物の特性を改善するために、液晶化合物として認識される通常のネマチック液晶、スメクチック液晶、コレステリック液晶などを含有していてもよい。しかしながら、これらの化合物を多量に用いることはネマチック液晶組成物の特性が低減することになるので、添加量は得られるネマチック液晶組成物の要求特性に応じて制限されるものである。
【0041】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳述するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。組成物の化学的安定性は、液晶組成物2gをアンプル管に入れ、真空脱気後窒素置換の処理をして封入し、150℃、1時間の加熱促進テストを行い、この液晶組成物の電圧保持率を測定した。実施例中、測定した特性は以下の通りである。
【0042】
N-I:ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(℃)
T→N:固体相又はスメクチック相−ネマチック相転移温度(℃)
th:セル厚6μmのTN-LCDを構成した時のしきい値電圧(V)
γ :飽和電圧(Vsat)とVthの比
△ε :誘電異方性
△n :複屈折率
η :20℃での粘度(c.p.)
【0043】
(実施例1)
【0044】
【化14】
Figure 0003899560
【0045】
からなるネマチック液晶組成物No.3−1を調製し、この組成物の諸特性を測定した。結果は以下の通りであった。
N-I: 83.4 ℃
T→N:−40. ℃
th: 1.70 V
△ε : 7.7
△n : 0.190
η : 15.2 c.p.
【0046】
このネマチック液晶組成物にカイラル物質「S−811」(メルク社製)を添加して混合液晶を調製した。一方、対向する平面透明電極上に「サンエバー610」(日産化学社製)の有機膜をラビングして配向膜を形成し、ツイスト角220度のSTN-LCD表示用セルを作製した。上記の混合液晶をこのセルに注入して液晶表示装置を構成し、表示特性を測定した。その結果、しきい値電圧が低く、高時分割特性に優れ、速応答性が改善されたSTN-LCD表示特性を示す液晶表示装置が得られた。一般式(I)のアルケニル基をアルキル基に換えた従来の化合物と比べ速応答性が特段に改善され、61msecを得た。これは粘弾性に優れることによるものと思われる。
【0047】
なお、カイラル物質はカイラル物質の添加による混合液晶の固有らせんピッチPと表示用セルのセル厚dが、Δn・d=0.85、d/P=0.53となるように添加した。
【0048】
(実施例2)
【0049】
【化15】
Figure 0003899560
【0050】
からなるネマチック液晶組成物No.3−2を調製し、この組成物の諸特性を測定した。結果は以下の通りであった。
N-I: 102.7 ℃
T→N: −35. ℃
th: 2.08 V
γ : 1.12
△ε : 7.4
△n : 0.229
η : 21.3 c.p.
テスト前の比抵抗 : 4.2×1012 Ω・cm
加熱促進テスト後の比抵抗 : 6.4×1011 Ω・cm
テスト前の電圧保持率 : 99.2%
加熱促進テスト後電圧保持率 : 98.0%
【0051】
このネマチック液晶組成物は加熱促進テスト後の電圧保持率が高いことから、熱に安定であることが理解できる。またこの組成物を構成材料とするアクティブ・マトリクス液晶表示装置を作製したところ、漏れ電流が小さくフリッカの発生しない優れたものであることが確認できた。
【0052】
このネマチック液晶組成物は、急峻性が文献『高速液晶技術』(63頁、(株)シーエムシー社出版)中に示された液晶表示の光学的急峻性の限界値である1.12と同じ値を示している。従って、この液晶組成物は高時分割駆動に有用であることが理解できる。
【0053】
更にまた、セル厚dが2.2μmのTN-LCDを構成してその表示特性を測定したところ、しきい値電圧が1.86V、応答速度が1.8msecを示す液晶表示装置が得られた。
【0054】
このネマチック液晶組成物の複屈折率の波長分散を測定したところ、光の波長650nmに対する400nmでの比が1.15以上であった。この液晶材料は、光の波長の違いによってより大きな位相差が現れていることから、カラーフィルター層を用いないでカラー表示を行う、液晶と位相差板の複屈折性を利用した新規反射型カラー液晶表示方式に有用なものである。
(比較例1)
【0055】
【化16】
Figure 0003899560
【0056】
からなる比較混合液晶を調製し、この組成物の諸特性を測定した。結果は以下の通りであった。
N-I: 102.1 ℃
T→N: −33. ℃
th: 2.08 V
γ : 1.12
△ε : 7.4
△n : 0.228
η : 21.8 c.p.
テスト前の比抵抗 : 4.0×1012 Ω・cm
加熱促進テスト後の比抵抗 : 1.8×1011 Ω・cm
テスト前の電圧保持率 : 99.0%
加熱促進テスト後電圧保持率 : 95.4%
【0057】
実施例2との違いは、一般式(I)においてn1、n2が2のアルケニル基である本発明の化合物を、n1、n2が0のアルケニル基の化合物に変えたところにある。特性を比較すると、本発明の液晶組成物は、粘性や加熱促進テスト後の電圧保持率がより好ましい結果であった。
【0058】
更に、両者の化学的安定性を比較した。両液晶材料2gをアンプル管に入れ、真空脱気後窒素置換の処理をして封入し、150℃、40時間の加熱促進テスト及び40時間紫外線照射テストを行い、ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度を測定した。ネマチック液晶組成物No.3−2では加熱テストで約6.7℃、紫外線テストで約3.8℃の低下が見られたが、比較混合液晶では加熱テストで約18℃、紫外線テストで約16℃と大きく劣化した。このことから、一般式(I)のn1及び又はn2が0であるアルケニル基の化合物を使用する場合、その目的に応じて混合比率を限定したりあるいは液晶表示装置に特別の保護手段を要する。
【0059】
【発明の効果】
本発明のネマチック液晶組成物は、粘弾性に優れるあるいは複屈折率Δnが大きく、広い温度範囲でネマチック相を示し、また、電圧保持率が高く、化学的安定性が高いことが明らかである。従って、本発明のネマチック液晶組成物は、アクティブ・マトリクス形、ツイスティッド・ネマチックあるいはスーパー・ツイスティッド・ネマチック液晶表示装置に用いることができる。また、液晶層と位相差板の複屈折性でカラー表示をする液晶表示素子を提供することができる。特に、大きな複屈折率により液晶層の厚みdを低減でき応答特性を改善でき、特に情報量の多い表示特性を提供できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition useful as an electro-optical display material and a liquid crystal display device using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A typical liquid crystal display element is a TN-LCD (twisted nematic liquid crystal display element), which is used in watches, calculators, electronic notebooks, pocket computers, word processors, personal computers, and the like. On the other hand, with the increase in processing information of OA equipment, the amount of information displayed on one screen is increasing, such as Scheffer [SID '85 Digest, 120 pages (1985)], or Kinugawa [SID '86 Digest, p. 122 (1986)], an STN (Super Twisted Nematic) -LCD was developed and has begun to spread widely in displays for high information processing such as word processors and personal computers.
[0003]
Recently, an active addressing drive system has been proposed for the purpose of improving response characteristics in STN-LCD (Proc. 12th International Display Research Conference p.503 1992). Such a liquid crystal material is required to have a particularly high birefringence in addition to an elastic constant ratio K33 / K11 of around 1.5, a relatively low dielectric anisotropy and viscosity. Further, as a method capable of performing color display without using a color filter layer, a novel reflection type color liquid crystal display system using the birefringence of a liquid crystal and a retardation plate has been proposed. (The Institute of Television Engineers of Japan vol.14 No10.p.51 1990) As such a liquid crystal material, it is preferable that a larger phase difference appears due to the difference in the wavelength of light. There is a demand, and a new liquid crystal compound or liquid crystal composition is still proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to improve the electro-optical characteristics of the TN-LCD and STN-LCD as described above, a liquid crystal material having a low viscosity and a large elastic constant and excellent viscoelasticity or a high birefringence is required. Further, there is a need for improved electro-optical characteristics, higher chemical stability of the liquid crystal material, faster response of the liquid crystal display, and wider characteristics of the driving temperature range. However, problems still remain. More specifically, since a smectic phase or a crystal phase tends to appear, there is a problem in manufacturing a liquid crystal display device that has excellent electro-optical characteristics and can be driven in a wide temperature range, and compensates for dark image quality. There is a need for excellent heat resistance and the like for a backlight added for the purpose.
[0005]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve or improve the above-mentioned problems, and is a nematic liquid crystal composition having excellent viscoelasticity or a large birefringence, a wide driving temperature range, and excellent responsiveness. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having improved electro-optical characteristics using the liquid crystal composition as a constituent material.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
1. Formula (I)
[0007]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0003899560
[0008]
(Wherein R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n1 and n2 each independently represents an integer of 2 or 4). A liquid crystal containing 2 to 40% by weight of a liquid crystal component A composed of one or two or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented, and containing at least two or more compounds having a dielectric anisotropy of +2 or more A liquid crystal composition containing Component B in a range of 20 to 90% by weight, wherein the liquid crystal composition has a dielectric anisotropy of 3 or more, and a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature of 70 ° C. or more. A nematic liquid crystal composition having a crystal phase of −10 ° C. or lower or a smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature.
2. As the liquid crystal component B, general formulas (II-1) to (II-3)
[0009]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0003899560
[0010]
(In the formula, R 21 to R 23 each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or C s H 2s + 1 —O—C t H 2t , and s and t are Each independently represents an integer of 1 to 5, X 21 to X 23 each independently represents F, Cl, —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —CF 3 or —CN, and Y 21 to Y 28 each represents Independently represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, Z 21 to Z 23 each independently represents a single bond, —COO—, —C 2 H 4 —, —C≡C— or —C 4 H 8 —; Z 24 and Z 25 each independently represent a single bond, —COO— or —C≡C—, k and l each independently represent 0 or 1, and the hydrogen atom (H) of the cyclohexane ring in each compound 2. The nematic liquid crystal composition as described in 1 above, which comprises a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (1) which may be substituted with a deuterium atom (D):
3. As the liquid crystal component C that can be added to the liquid crystal composition, general formulas (III-1) to (III-3)
[0011]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0003899560
[0012]
(In the formula, R 31 to R 33 each independently represents a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 34 to R 36 are each independently a straight chain having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. A chain alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group or an alkenyloxy group, Y 31 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or —CH 3 ; Y 32 and Y 33 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; Z 31 to Z 34 each independently represents a single bond, —COO—, —C 2 H 4 — or —C 4 H 8 —, and Z 35 represents a single bond, —C≡C— or —COO—. Ring A 31 and ring A 32 each represent a cyclohexane ring or a cyclohexene ring, and m, n, and p each independently represents an integer of 0 or 1). 3. The nematic liquid crystal composition as described in 1 or 2 above.
4). 4. An active matrix type liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition described in the above 1, 2 or 3.
5). A twisted nematic or super twisted nematic liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition described in the above 1, 2 or 3.
6). 6. The liquid crystal display device as described in 4 or 5 above, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 1 to 5 μm.
Has been found as means for solving the above problems.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention and a liquid crystal display device using the same will be described.
[0014]
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes at least two kinds of liquid crystal component A composed of one or more compounds selected from the compound group represented by formula (I) and a compound having a dielectric anisotropy of +2 or more. The liquid crystal component B is contained, whereby the optical anisotropy or viscoelasticity of the liquid crystal layer can be increased, and the driving temperature range can be increased, particularly on the low temperature side. The liquid crystal component A requires at least one or more types, preferably in the range of 1 to 8 types, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 4 types. A compound having a dielectric anisotropy of +2 or more requires at least two kinds, and a range of 3 to 15 kinds is preferable. In addition, it is preferable that the dielectric anisotropy is selected from a compound having a dielectric anisotropy of +8 to +13, a compound of +14 to +18, and a compound of +18 or more, and a predetermined driving voltage and response characteristics can be obtained. In this case, it is preferable that the compounds having dielectric anisotropy of +8 to +13 are mixed in the range of 1 to 10, and the compounds of +14 to +18 are preferably mixed in the range of 1 to 8, and +18 or more. The compounds are preferably mixed in the range of 1 to 10 types. This effect becomes even more special when the liquid crystal component A is contained in the range of 5 to 30% by weight and the liquid crystal component B is contained in the range of 20 to 90% by weight.
[0015]
The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a crystal phase or smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature of −10 ° C. or lower, preferably −20 ° C. or lower, more preferably −30 ° C. or lower. The nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature is 70 ° C. or higher, preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 90 ° C. or higher. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention requires a dielectric anisotropy of 3 or more, preferably 5 or more, and preferably 6 to 16 or 17 to 28. The birefringence is particularly preferably in the range of 0.08 to 0.28. The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used in an active matrix type, twisted nematic or super twisted nematic liquid crystal display device.
[0016]
The liquid crystal compound having a dielectric anisotropy larger than 2 described in the present invention is used in the following meaning. The chemical structure of the liquid crystal compound is rod-shaped, the central part has a core structure with one to four six-membered rings, and the six-membered rings located at both ends in the central part major axis direction are the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules Having a terminal group substituted at a position corresponding to the direction, and at least one of the terminal groups present at both ends is a polar group, that is, for example, -CN, -OCN, -NCS, -F, -Cl, It is a compound that is —NO 2 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , or —OCHF 2 .
[0017]
The compound of the general formula (I) in the liquid crystal component A can be a linear alkyl group in which R 11 and / or R 12 have 1 to 5 carbon atoms, but a compound represented by a hydrogen atom is more preferable. , N1 and n2 are 2 or 4, and a compound represented by 2 is more preferable. Thus, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is characterized by containing the compound of the general formula (I), having a large birefringence Δn, a small viscosity, and a high specific resistance and voltage holding ratio.
[0018]
In the present invention, the compounds of the liquid crystal component B are represented by the general formulas (II-1) to (II-3)
[0019]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0003899560
[0020]
(In the formula, R 21 to R 23 each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or C s H 2s + 1 —O—C t H 2t , and s and t are Each independently represents an integer of 1 to 5, X 21 to X 23 each independently represents F, Cl, —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —CF 3 or —CN, and Y 21 to Y 28 each represents independently represents H or F, Z 21 ~Z 23 each independently represents a single bond, -COO -, - C 2 H 4 -, - C≡C- or -C 4 H 8 - represents, Z 24 , Z 25 each independently represents a single bond, —COO— or —C≡C—, k and l each independently represents 0 or 1, and the hydrogen atom (H) of the cyclohexane ring in each compound is It may be substituted with a hydrogen atom (D).) It is preferable to contain a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by:
[0021]
The compounds represented by general formulas (II-1) to (II-3) according to the present invention are more specifically compounds represented by general formulas (II-4) to (II-21), These dielectric anisotropies are +2 or more. Table 1 shows typical compound examples (Nos. 2-1 to 2-16) and their phase transition temperatures. In the table below, m.p. represents the temperature at which the crystal phase transitions into the liquid crystal phase or isotropic liquid phase, and c.p. represents the temperature at which the liquid crystal phase transitions into the isotropic liquid phase. . Moreover, each compound used the thing which removed the impurity using methods, such as distillation, column refinement | purification, and recrystallization, and fully refine | purified.
[0022]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0003899560
[0023]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0003899560
[0024]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0003899560
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003899560
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003899560
[0027]
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains a compound selected from the compound groups represented by general formulas (II-1) to (II-3), so that the driving voltage can be reduced, the viscosity is relatively small, and the ratio It has the characteristics that resistance and voltage holding ratio are relatively high. In particular, the compounds of general formulas (II-4) to (II-10) and general formulas (II-12) to (II-16) are excellent in this effect. Moreover, the compound of general formula (II-13), (II-15), (II-17)-(II-21) can acquire this effect by addition of a small amount of 0.5-30%, Are better.
[0028]
More specifically, R 21 is preferably an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably contains at least one compound having an alkenyl group. R 22 is preferably a compound of an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkoxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. More specifically, it is preferable to frequently use a compound having an alkenyl group, and a compound of CH 2 ═CH— (CH 2 ) u (u = 0, 2) is particularly preferable. The same applies to the liquid crystal component C.
[0029]
In addition to the above nematic liquid crystal composition, the present invention further provides the liquid crystal compounds of liquid crystal component C as general formulas (III-1) to (III-3).
[0030]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0031]
(In the formula, R 31 to R 33 each independently represents a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 34 to R 36 are each independently a straight chain having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Represents a chain alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group or an alkenyloxy group, Y 31 represents H, F or —CH 3 ; Y 32 and Y 33 each independently represent H or F; and Z 31 to Z 34 are each independently a single bond, -COO -, - C 2 H 4 - or -C 4 H 8 - represents, Z 35 is a single bond, represents -C≡C- or -COO-, ring a 31 , Ring A 32 represents a cyclohexane ring or a cyclohexene ring, and m, n, and p each independently represents an integer of 0 or 1).
[0032]
Examples of typical compounds represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III-3) (No. 3-1 to 3-5) and their phase transition temperatures are shown in Table 2 below. In the table, C means a crystalline phase, S means a smectic phase, N means a nematic phase, and I means an isotropic liquid phase.
[0033]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003899560
[0034]
As particularly preferred compounds represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III-3), the following general formulas (III-4) to (III-17) are shown. These compounds have a feature of being well mixed with the compounds of the general formulas (I-1) and (I-2) which are essential components A, and are useful for improving the nematic phase at low temperatures.
[0035]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0036]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0037]
By containing a compound selected from the compound groups represented by formulas (III-1) to (III-3) as the liquid crystal component C, the viscosity can be reduced, and the specific resistance and voltage holding ratio are relatively high. Have In particular, compounds represented by general formulas (III-4) to (III-10), (III-12), (III-13), (III-15) to (III-17) are preferable, and R 31 to R 33 straight chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms form alkyl or CH 2 = CH- (CH 2) u favorable effect by containing (u = 0, 2) at least one or more compounds which are alkenyl groups Is obtained. More particularly, the compounds of the general formulas (III-15) to (III-17) in which the general formulas (III-7) to (III-9), (III-13) and Y 31 are H are 3 to 30% This effect can be obtained by adding a small amount.
[0038]
The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is represented by a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (III-4) to (III-12) and / or represented by formulas (III-13) to (III-17). By containing a compound selected from the group of compounds, the birefringence of the liquid crystal composition can be easily optimized according to the application, and the compounds of the general formulas (III-4) to (III-12) By frequently using the liquid crystal display device, it is possible to easily reduce the color unevenness of the liquid crystal display device, improve the viewing angle characteristics, and increase the contrast ratio. In addition, by using many compounds of general formulas (III-13) to (III-17), it is possible to produce a thin liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal layer thickness of 1 to 5 μm. And low drive voltage characteristics can be obtained.
[0039]
The nematic liquid crystal composition is useful for responsive TN-LCDs and STN-LCDs, and can display colors with the birefringence of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation plate without using a color filter layer. It is useful for a liquid crystal display element that can be used, and a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display element can be used. This liquid crystal display element has a substrate having a transparent electrode layer and at least one of which is transparent, and the molecules of the nematic liquid crystal composition are twisted between the substrates, depending on the purpose, from 30 ° to 360 °. The range can be selected in the range of 90 °, preferably in the range of 90 ° to 270 °, particularly preferably in the range of 45 ° to 135 ° or in the range of 180 ° to 260 °. In this case, the pretilt angle obtained by the alignment film provided on the transparent electrode substrate is preferably selected in the range of 1 ° to 20 °, and when the twist angle is 30 ° to 100 °, the pretilt angle is 1 ° to 4 °. Preferably, a pretilt angle of 2 ° to 6 ° is preferable at 100 ° to 180 °, a pretilt angle of 3 ° to 12 ° is preferable at 180 ° to 260 °, and a pretilt of 6 ° to 20 ° at 260 ° to 360 °. Corners are preferred.
[0040]
In addition to the compounds represented by the above general formulas (I-1) to (III-3), the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is generally recognized as a liquid crystal compound in order to improve the properties of the liquid crystal composition. Nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal and the like may be contained. However, when these compounds are used in a large amount, the characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal composition are reduced, so that the addition amount is limited depending on the required characteristics of the obtained nematic liquid crystal composition.
[0041]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is further explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples. The chemical stability of the composition is as follows. 2 g of the liquid crystal composition is placed in an ampule tube, vacuum degassed and nitrogen-substituted, sealed, and subjected to a heating acceleration test at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. The voltage holding ratio was measured. In the examples, the measured characteristics are as follows.
[0042]
T NI : Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C)
T → N : Solid phase or smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature (° C)
V th : threshold voltage (V) when a TN-LCD with a cell thickness of 6 μm is constructed
γ: Saturation voltage (V sat ) to V th ratio Δε: dielectric anisotropy Δn: birefringence η: viscosity at 20 ° C. (cp)
[0043]
Example 1
[0044]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0045]
Nematic liquid crystal composition No. 3-1 was prepared and various properties of this composition were measured. The results were as follows.
T NI : 83.4 ° C
T → N : −40. ℃
V th : 1.70 V
Δε: 7.7
Δn: 0.190
η: 15.2 c. p.
[0046]
A chiral substance “S-811” (manufactured by Merck) was added to the nematic liquid crystal composition to prepare a mixed liquid crystal. On the other hand, an organic film of “Sunever 610” (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was rubbed on the opposing planar transparent electrode to form an alignment film, and an STN-LCD display cell with a twist angle of 220 degrees was produced. The mixed liquid crystal was injected into this cell to constitute a liquid crystal display device, and the display characteristics were measured. As a result, a liquid crystal display device having STN-LCD display characteristics with a low threshold voltage, excellent high time division characteristics, and improved quick response was obtained. Compared with the conventional compound in which the alkenyl group of the general formula (I) was replaced with an alkyl group, the quick response was particularly improved, and 61 msec was obtained. This seems to be due to excellent viscoelasticity.
[0047]
The chiral material was added so that the inherent helical pitch P of the mixed liquid crystal and the cell thickness d of the display cell were Δn · d = 0.85 and d / P = 0.53.
[0048]
(Example 2)
[0049]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0050]
Nematic liquid crystal composition No. 3-2 was prepared and various properties of this composition were measured. The results were as follows.
T NI : 102.7 ° C
T → N : −35. ℃
V th : 2.08 V
γ: 1.12
Δε: 7.4
Δn: 0.229
η: 21.3 c. p.
Specific resistance before test: 4.2 × 10 12 Ω · cm
Specific resistance after heating acceleration test: 6.4 × 10 11 Ω · cm
Voltage holding ratio before test: 99.2%
Voltage holding ratio after heating acceleration test: 98.0%
[0051]
Since this nematic liquid crystal composition has a high voltage holding ratio after the heating acceleration test, it can be understood that it is stable to heat. Further, when an active matrix liquid crystal display device using this composition as a constituent material was produced, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal display device had excellent leakage current and no flicker.
[0052]
This nematic liquid crystal composition has the same steepness as 1.12 which is the limit value of the optical steepness of the liquid crystal display shown in the document “High-speed liquid crystal technology” (page 63, published by CMC Co., Ltd.). The value is shown. Therefore, it can be understood that this liquid crystal composition is useful for high time division driving.
[0053]
Further, when a TN-LCD having a cell thickness d of 2.2 μm was constructed and its display characteristics were measured, a liquid crystal display device having a threshold voltage of 1.86 V and a response speed of 1.8 msec was obtained. .
[0054]
When the wavelength dispersion of the birefringence of this nematic liquid crystal composition was measured, the ratio at 400 nm to the light wavelength of 650 nm was 1.15 or more. Since this liquid crystal material has a larger phase difference due to the difference in the wavelength of light, a new reflective color that uses the birefringence of liquid crystal and phase difference plate to perform color display without using a color filter layer This is useful for a liquid crystal display system.
(Comparative Example 1)
[0055]
Embedded image
Figure 0003899560
[0056]
A comparative mixed liquid crystal was prepared and various properties of this composition were measured. The results were as follows.
T NI : 102.1 ° C
T → N : −33. ℃
V th : 2.08 V
γ: 1.12
Δε: 7.4
Δn: 0.228
η: 21.8 c. p.
Specific resistance before test: 4.0 × 10 12 Ω · cm
Specific resistance after heating acceleration test: 1.8 × 10 11 Ω · cm
Voltage holding ratio before test: 99.0%
Voltage holding ratio after heating acceleration test: 95.4%
[0057]
The difference from Example 2 is that the compound of the present invention in which n1 and n2 are 2 alkenyl groups in the general formula (I) is changed to a alkenyl group compound in which n1 and n2 are 0. When the characteristics are compared, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has more preferable results of viscosity and voltage holding ratio after the heating acceleration test.
[0058]
Furthermore, the chemical stability of both was compared. 2 g of both liquid crystal materials are put into an ampule tube, vacuum degassed and nitrogen-substituted, sealed, and subjected to a heating acceleration test at 150 ° C. for 40 hours and an ultraviolet irradiation test for 40 hours, and a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase The transition temperature was measured. Nematic liquid crystal composition no. In 3-2, a decrease of about 6.7 ° C. was observed in the heating test and about 3.8 ° C. in the ultraviolet test, but the comparative mixed liquid crystal was greatly degraded to about 18 ° C. in the heating test and about 16 ° C. in the ultraviolet test. . For this reason, when an alkenyl group compound in which n1 and / or n2 in the general formula (I) is 0 is used, the mixing ratio is limited depending on the purpose, or a special protective means is required for the liquid crystal display device.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
It is apparent that the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is excellent in viscoelasticity or has a large birefringence Δn, exhibits a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a high voltage holding ratio, and has high chemical stability. Therefore, the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used for an active matrix type, twisted nematic or super twisted nematic liquid crystal display device. Further, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element that performs color display with the birefringence of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation plate. In particular, the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer can be reduced by a large birefringence, the response characteristics can be improved, and display characteristics with a particularly large amount of information can be provided.

Claims (6)

一般式(I)
Figure 0003899560
(式中、R11及びR12は各々独立的に水素原子又は炭素原子数1〜5の直鎖状アルキル基を表し、n1及びn2は各々独立的に2又は4の整数を表す。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の化合物からなる液晶成分Aを2〜40重量%の範囲で含有し、+2以上の誘電率異方性の化合物を少なくとも2種以上含む液晶成分Bを20〜90重量%の範囲で含有する液晶組成物であり、該液晶組成物が3以上の誘電率異方性であり、70℃以上のネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度であり、−10℃以下の結晶相又はスメクチック相−ネマチック相転移温度であることを特徴とするネマチック液晶組成物。
Formula (I)
Figure 0003899560
(Wherein R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n1 and n2 each independently represents an integer of 2 or 4). A liquid crystal containing 2 to 40% by weight of a liquid crystal component A composed of one or two or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented, and containing at least two or more compounds having a dielectric anisotropy of +2 or more A liquid crystal composition containing Component B in a range of 20 to 90% by weight, wherein the liquid crystal composition has a dielectric anisotropy of 3 or more, and a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature of 70 ° C. or more. A nematic liquid crystal composition having a crystal phase of −10 ° C. or lower or a smectic phase-nematic phase transition temperature.
液晶成分Bとして、一般式(II-1)〜(II-3)
Figure 0003899560
(式中、R21〜R23は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルケニル基又はCs2s+1-O-Ct2tを表し、s及びtは各々独立的に1〜5の整数を表し、X21〜X23は各々独立的にF、Cl、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-CF3又は-CNを表し、Y21〜Y28は各々独立的に水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、Z21〜Z23は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-、-C≡C-又は-C48-を表し、Z24及びZ25は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-又は-C≡C-を表し、k及びlは各々独立的に0又は1を表し、各化合物におけるシクロヘキサン環の水素原子(H)は重水素原子(D)で置換されていても良い。)で表わされる化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載のネマチック液晶組成物。
As the liquid crystal component B, general formulas (II-1) to (II-3)
Figure 0003899560
(In the formula, R 21 to R 23 each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or C s H 2s + 1 —O—C t H 2t , and s and t are Each independently represents an integer of 1 to 5, X 21 to X 23 each independently represents F, Cl, —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —CF 3 or —CN, and Y 21 to Y 28 each represents Independently represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, Z 21 to Z 23 each independently represents a single bond, —COO—, —C 2 H 4 —, —C≡C— or —C 4 H 8 —; Z 24 and Z 25 each independently represent a single bond, —COO— or —C≡C—, k and l each independently represent 0 or 1, and the hydrogen atom (H) of the cyclohexane ring in each compound 2. The nematic liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the nematic liquid crystal composition comprises a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by:
前記液晶組成物に加えることのできる液晶成分Cとして、一般式(III-1)〜(III-3)
Figure 0003899560
(式中、R31〜R33は各々独立的に炭素原子数2〜7の直鎖状アルキル基又はアルケニル基を表し、R34〜R36は各々独立的に炭素原子数1〜7の直鎖状アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルケニル基又はアルケニルオキシ基を表し、Y31は水素原子、フッ素原子又は-CH3を表し、Y32及びY33は各々独立的に水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、Z31〜Z34は各々独立的に単結合、-COO-、-C24-又は-C48-を表し、Z35は単結合、-C≡C-又は-COO-を表し、環A31及び環A32はシクロヘキサン環又はシクロヘキセン環を表し、m、n及びpは各々独立的に0又は1の整数を表す。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のネマチック液晶組成物。
As the liquid crystal component C that can be added to the liquid crystal composition, general formulas (III-1) to (III-3)
Figure 0003899560
(In the formula, R 31 to R 33 each independently represents a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 34 to R 36 are each independently a straight chain having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. A chain alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group or an alkenyloxy group, Y 31 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or —CH 3 ; Y 32 and Y 33 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; Z 31 to Z 34 each independently represents a single bond, —COO—, —C 2 H 4 — or —C 4 H 8 —, and Z 35 represents a single bond, —C≡C— or —COO—. Ring A 31 and ring A 32 each represent a cyclohexane ring or a cyclohexene ring, and m, n, and p each independently represents an integer of 0 or 1). The nematic liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
請求項1、2又は3記載のネマチック液晶組成物を用いたアクティブ・マトリクス形液晶表示装置。An active matrix type liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition according to claim 1. 請求項1、2又は3記載のネマチック液晶組成物を用いたツイスティッド・ネマチック又はスーパー・ツイスティッド・ネマチック液晶表示装置。A twisted nematic or super twisted nematic liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition according to claim 1. 液晶層の厚みが1〜5μmであることを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の液晶表示装置。6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 1 to 5 [mu] m.
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