JP3605195B2 - Injection molding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Injection molding method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3605195B2
JP3605195B2 JP23828295A JP23828295A JP3605195B2 JP 3605195 B2 JP3605195 B2 JP 3605195B2 JP 23828295 A JP23828295 A JP 23828295A JP 23828295 A JP23828295 A JP 23828295A JP 3605195 B2 JP3605195 B2 JP 3605195B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
resin
injection
pressure
screw
injection screw
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JP23828295A
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JPH0976316A (en
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勝義 下平
浩司 久保田
俊彦 苅谷
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金型内に樹脂を充填後の樹脂圧保持冷却工程中において樹脂の可塑化を可能とする射出成形方法及びその装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
射出成形機の射出ユニットは、金型に樹脂を充填し、その後の樹脂の収縮分を補充する圧力保持作用と、樹脂を溶融可塑化する作用との2つの機能を備えている。然るに、近年金型の内外の冷却技術が発達したことから、成形品重量の大きな厚肉成形品でもハイサイクル成形が実現しており、かかるハイサイクル成形においては、厚肉成形品のひけや気泡を防止するため、成形品が冷却されて、ある程度固まるまで射出保持圧を長く加えておく必要がある。
【0003】
図4には従来の一般的な射出成形機の射出ユニットの1例が示されている。この射出ユニット10においては、図6に示される射出工程ブロック図の工程の順番に、射出シリンダ5内に往復動自在に設けられた射出スクリュ6をスクリュ駆動モータ26に連動される油圧シリンダ8により前進して押出すことによって、射出シリンダ5先端部5bに貯蔵されている溶融樹脂が、金型2、3が型締めされて形成されたキャビティ33内にノズル5aの射出口5cを介して射出される。その後、射出スクリュ6の回転を止めたまま油圧シリンダ8に油圧を加えて樹脂圧力を保持し、キャビティ33内の成形品(樹脂)を冷却し、ある程度樹脂が固まった時に油圧シリンダ8の油圧を抜いて樹脂圧力を解放する。さらに続いて射出スクリュ6を回転し、樹脂原料の送り込みと可塑化、射出シリンダ5先端部5bへの溶融樹脂貯蔵の工程が始められる。
【0004】
図4に示されるような射出ユニット10においては、上記のように、成形品が冷却されてこれの樹脂が固まるまで射出スクリュ6は可塑化の工程を行うことができないので、成型の高速化の障壁となり、反面、上記の点を解消して可塑化工程の時間を短縮するには、射出スクリュ6及びシリンダ5が大型とならざるを得ない。尚、図4において、1は固定型盤、4はベース、34はホッパである。
【0005】
上記のような要求に応える射出成形機として、射出ユニットを可塑化スクリュ部と射出専用のプランジャ部とに分けたものが提供されている。かかる射出成形機の1例を図5に示す。図5において、可塑化スクリュ13先端の樹脂溜め室5bと、射出加圧専用の射出プランジャ18先端の樹脂溜め室15aとの両室を連通する樹脂通路11が設けられ、同樹脂通路11には逆流防止弁12が設けられている。ノズル19内に形成された金型キャビティ33への射出通路19aは射出専用の射出プランジャ18の先端の樹脂溜め室15aから直結されている。
【0006】
しかして、上記可塑化スクリュ13において溶融可塑化した樹脂は、一旦射出プランジャ18先端の樹脂溜め室15aへ送り込まれる。そして、所要量の樹脂が前記プランジャ18先端の樹脂溜め室15aに溜められると、油圧シリンダ16と油圧ピストン17とにより作動されるプランジャ18が前進して、この樹脂を金型キャビティ33内に射出する。射出後において、プランジャ18側の樹脂は逆流防止弁12によって可塑化スクリュ13側へ逆流することを防止され、これによって射出圧が保持される。
【0007】
図5に示される射出ユニットにおいては、図7の工程順ブロック図に示されるように、可塑化スクリュ13は、射出、型内圧保持の工程中も、可塑化を行うことができるので、これにより、ショットサイクル時間を短縮することができる。
【0008】
しかしながら、図5に示される射出ユニットにおいては、可塑化スクリュ13と別置きの射出加圧ピストン部は、堅牢かつ複雑な構造の押出シリンダ15、押出シリンダ15の加熱装置、及び油圧シリンダ16、油圧ピストン17等の油圧駆動機構、並びに制御装置によって構成されており、構造が複雑で設置スペースが大きく、高コストで、さらには、維持作業が複雑である等の問題点を抱えている。かかる問題点に対処するため、一般の射出成形機の構造を殆ど変えずに、樹脂の可塑化時間を長くして、しかも射出サイクルを短縮可能な射出ユニットが特公平1−28692号等で提案されている。
【0009】
特公平1−28692号に提案されている可塑化制御方法の概略を図8の工程ブロック図を参照して説明すると、この射出成形機における射出成形の工程は、可塑化時間よりも冷却時間の方が長い場合に、射出・保圧後、射出・保圧完了時から作動する冷却時間設定タイマーが満了するまでの時間に第1回目の可塑化を行い、さらに型開が完了後の成型品取出工程の時間中に第2回目の可塑化を行う。そしてこの2回目の可塑化は、成形に必要な溶融樹脂量を予め設定した計量リミットスイッチの作動で終了させる。
【0010】
この方法の特徴は、図8に示されるように、射出ユニットの動力の出力時と型締シリンダの動力の大出力時とが重ならぬように、可塑化工程を2回に分けて設けたことである。即ち、第1回目の可塑化は型閉保圧中に行い、第2回目の可塑化は型が開き、動力を必要としない成形品取出工程に行って、充分に可塑化の時間を採るようにしている。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図5に示されるような射出ユニットを、可塑化スクリュ部と、射出及び加圧専用のプランジャ部とに分けたものにあっては、ショットサイクルの短縮は可能であるが、折れ曲がった樹脂通路11が設けられており、また、可塑化スクリュ部と別置きの射出加圧プランジャ部においても、堅牢、複雑構造のシリンダ、加熱装置や、強力な駆動機構及び制御装置が必要であり、構造が複雑で設置スペースが大きく、また高コストであり、さらには維持作業・色変え作業が複雑化する。
【0012】
また、通常の射出成形機の構造のまま、可塑化工程を2回に分けて設けた特公平1−28692号の射出成形方法は、射出量と射出シリンダ内の可塑化樹脂の量とを合わせるのみであり、1種類の金型で多数の成形品を同時に処理するため、多くの樹脂分岐通路を持ち、多量の樹脂を必要とするような射出成形の場合、ショートショットに対する樹脂補完ができず、また射出サイクルの短縮も困難である。
【0013】
本発明の目的は、小型かつ簡単な構造の装置で以って、射出、型内圧保持の工程中も可塑化を可能としてショットサイクル時間を短縮し、かつ品質が向上せしめられた成形品が得られる射出成形方法及びその装置を提供することである。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記問題点を解決するもので、その要旨とする手法は、射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を射出ノズルから金型キャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながら金型キャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形機の工程において、上記金型キャビティに樹脂を充填した後の射出圧保持冷却工程のとき、金型キャビティの圧力を所定圧力に保持したまま樹脂通路を閉、射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を可塑化しながら後退、回転停止とともに上記樹脂通路を開、前進樹脂押出の動作を繰り返して、上記金型内に樹脂を補完する射出成形方法にある。
【0015】
また上記手法を適用する装置としての第1の手段は、射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を樹脂通路を経て射出ノズルから金型のキャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながらキャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形装置において、上記樹脂通路を開閉する開閉弁と、上記開閉弁の下流側の樹脂通路内の樹脂圧力を検出する樹脂圧センサと、同樹脂圧センサからの樹脂圧力の検出信号が入力され、同検出信号に基づき上記開閉弁に開閉信号を出力するとともに、上記射出スクリュを駆動するスクリュ駆動モータに射出スクリュの駆動信号を出力する制御装置とを備え、上記制御装置が、樹脂射出後に上記開閉弁を一旦閉じ、射出圧保持冷却工程時において、上記樹脂圧力が規定保持圧力以下に低下したとき上記射出スクリュの回転を停止するとともに上記開閉弁を開き、次いで上記射出スクリュを前進せしめて樹脂を加圧し、上記樹脂圧力が一定圧力を超えたとき上記開閉弁を閉じ、上記射出スクリュを回転して可塑化せしめるように構成されたことを特徴とする射出成形装置にある。
【0016】
上記方法及び装置としての第1の手段によれば、制御装置からの制御により、射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転しながら後退させて樹脂を可塑化し、射出スクリュ先端に溶融樹脂を溜め、射出スクリュを一気に前進させて、樹脂通路を通して金型のキャビティ内に射出充填する。そして、その後の射出圧保持冷却工程の際、金型キャビティ内の圧力を保持したまま樹脂通路を閉、射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を可塑化しながら後退、回転停止とともに上記樹脂通路を開、前進の動作を1回乃至複数回繰り返すことにより、金型内の樹脂を補完する。
【0017】
これにより、樹脂のショートショット或いは冷却収縮によって生じるひけ等の成形品の欠陥の発生が防止される。また、上記圧力を保持しながら金型内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出す金型開閉の作業中においても、射出スクリュは樹脂の可塑化作業を継続することができる。
【0018】
要するに上記方法及び装置としての第1の手段によれば、金型側と射出シリンダ側とを接続する樹脂通路は、溶融樹脂射出直後に閉じられ、射出ユニットにおいては、この時点より独自に射出スクリュを回転して樹脂原料を取り込み、これを加熱、溶融、可塑化するので、可塑化に充分の時間をかけることができる。このように、射出スクリュによる可塑化回転は、射出充填された成形品が冷却、固化されるまで待つ必要がないので、ショットサイクル時間を短縮することができる。
【0020】
そして、上記装置としてのの手段では、樹脂を射出後開閉弁を一旦閉じ、射出圧保持冷却工程の途中で樹脂圧力が必要な保持圧以下に低下したとき、射出スクリュの回転を停止し、開閉弁を開き、射出スクリュを樹脂加圧のため前進し、樹脂圧が充分上昇したとき開閉弁を再び閉じ、その後射出スクリュを回転して樹脂の可塑化をするように制御する。
【0021】
さらに本発明の装置としてのの手段は、射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を樹脂通路を経て射出ノズルから金型のキャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながらキャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形装置において、上記樹脂通路を開閉する開閉弁と、上記開閉弁の下流側の樹脂通路内の樹脂圧力を検出する樹脂圧センサと、同樹脂圧センサからの樹脂圧力の検出信号が入力され、同検出信号に基づき上記開閉弁に開閉信号を出力するとともに、上記射出スクリュを駆動するスクリュ駆動モータに射出スクリュの駆動信号を出力する制御装置とを備え、上記開閉弁が、射出口側から射出スクリュ側への樹脂の逆流を阻止する逆流防止弁により構成され、上記制御装置が、射出圧保持冷却工程時において、上記射出スクリュを所定圧力以下の低圧下で回転せしめて可塑化しながら後退せしめ、金型側の樹脂圧力が規定保持圧力以下に低下したとき上記射出スクリュの回転を停止しこれを前進せしめて樹脂を加圧し、樹脂圧力が一定圧力以上に上昇した後、射出スクリュを再回転して樹脂を可塑化することを繰り返し行わしめるように構成したことにある。
【0022】
上記装置としての第2の手段によれば、射出後の圧保持冷却工程の際において、射出スクリュを一定圧力以下の低圧下で回転、後退して可塑化するが、このとき逆流防止弁の作用で樹脂は射出スクリュ側に逆流せず金型側の樹脂圧が保持される。そして、樹脂圧力が必要な樹脂保持圧以下に低下したとき、制御装置は、射出スクリュの回転を停止した後、これを前進して樹脂を加圧せしめ、樹脂圧力が充分に上昇した後、射出スクリュを再回転して樹脂を可塑化せしめる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する。図1は本発明の実施の第1形態に係る射出成形機の射出ユニットの要部構成図であり、図4に示される従来の射出ユニットの改良部分のみを示したものである。
【0024】
図1において、35は射出シリンダ、6は同射出シリンダ35内に往復動自在に嵌挿された射出スクリュ、37はノズル筐体、37aは射出口、1は固定型盤、2は固定金型、3は可動金型、33は両金型2、3により形成されるキャビティ、29は射出シリンダ35加熱用のヒータである。
【0025】
上記射出シリンダ35の先端の樹脂通路35aには、同通路を開閉する回転式2方弁36が設けられ、さらに同2方弁36の下流側即ち射出口37a側のノズル筐体37内には上記樹脂通路35aに連通される保圧チャンバ38が形成されている。
【0026】
39は上記保圧チャンバ38内の樹脂圧力Pを検出する樹脂圧センサ、30は同センサ39からの樹脂圧力Pの検出信号が入力され、上記回転式2方弁36及びスクリュ駆動モータ26等に制御信号を出力する制御装置である。
【0027】
上記のように構成された射出ユニットを備えた射出成形機の作用について説明する。上記射出成形機における射出作業工程は、図3の射出ユニットの射出工程ブロック図に示された通りである。上記射出シリンダ35内の樹脂は、これに巻き付けられた加熱用ヒータ29により射出シリンダ35を介して加熱され、射出スクリュ6の回転により溶融可塑化される。この樹脂を射出シリンダ35の先端に貯蔵し、金型2、3を型締め後、回転を停止した射出スクリュ6を一気に前進させて溶融樹脂を、樹脂通路に設けられた2方弁36と保圧チャンバ38を通し、ノズル筐体37の射出口37aから押出し、金型のキャビティ33内に射出充填する。
【0028】
樹脂の充填完了後、射出圧即ち図3の最高保持圧を保持したまま、制御装置30からの指令により2方弁36を回転して樹脂通路35aを閉じる。上記樹脂圧センサ39は保圧チャンバ38内の圧力の検出信号を制御装置30に送る。同制御装置30は射出圧保持冷却工程の途中で樹脂圧力Pが徐々に下がって、必要保持圧即ち図3の検出圧以下に低下したとき、スクリュ駆動モータ26に射出スクリュ6の回転停止の指令を出力し、2方弁36を開弁せしめる。さらに、上記制御装置30は、上記スクリュ駆動モータ26を介して射出スクリュ6を樹脂加圧のため前進させ、樹脂圧力Pが充分上昇したとき、上記2方弁36を再び閉じ、その後射出スクリュ6を回転して樹脂の可塑化を再開するように指令制御する。
【0029】
上記樹脂の圧力を保持するための射出スクリュ6の作動制御は、成形品(樹脂)を冷却し、ある程度樹脂が固まる時まで続けられ、圧力保持の必要がなくなった時点で上記作動制御が解かれた後は、2方弁36は閉じたままとなり、射出スクリュ6は可塑化を行い、一方の型締シリンダ側においては、型開、成形品取出、型閉、が行われる。
【0030】
上記のように、保圧チャンバ38の樹脂圧力Pが高い間は、2方弁36により射出シリンダ35側との樹脂通路35aが閉じられるので、射出ユニットにおいては、この時点には独自に射出スクリュ6を回転して樹脂原料を取り込み、これを加熱、溶融、可塑化し、また、射出スクリュ6の後退により射出充填所要量の樹脂の貯蔵をすることができ、従って、樹脂の可塑化に充分の時間を採ることができる。従ってショットサイクル時間を短縮することができる。
【0031】
上記のように、図1に示される射出ユニットは、樹脂射出後の圧力保持冷却工程中に、射出スクリュ6を回転して樹脂を可塑化したり、後退、回転停止、前進の動作を複数回繰り返すことができるので、金型キャビティ33内の樹脂を確実に補完し、樹脂のショートショット或いは冷却収縮によって生じるひけ等の成形品の欠陥の発生を防止することができる。
【0032】
上記のように、樹脂の圧力を保持しながら金型キャビティ33内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すが、この金型開閉の作業中も射出スクリュ6は樹脂の可塑化作業を継続することができる。
【0033】
図2には本発明の実施の第2形態が示されている。図2において、射出シリンダ45の先端の樹脂通路45aには、逆流防止弁46及びノズル筐体37に保圧チャンバ38が設けられている。同保圧チャンバ38が形成されるノズル筐体37には、保圧チャンバ38内の樹脂圧力を検出する樹脂圧センサ39を取り付けられ、これの検出信号が制御装置30に入力するようになっている。尚、この場合は金型側に樹脂通路45aを遮断するゲート弁47を設けるのが望ましい。このゲート弁47は金型2、3を開いて成形品を取出すとき、樹脂の通路を閉じて未固化の樹脂の流下を防止する作用をなす。
【0034】
上記第2形態(図2)に係る射出成形機の射出作業工程は、第1形態(図1)と同様であり、図3の射出ユニットの射出工程順ブロック図に示した通りである。ただし、この実施形態においては、図1に示される第1形態と異なり、樹脂の射出充填後、制御装置30からの指令なしで射出圧(図3の最高保持圧)を保持したまま、逆流防止弁46により自動的に樹脂通路45aが閉じる。また、保圧チャンバ38内の圧力Pが規定値より低下して、樹脂圧センサ39からの検出信号に基づく制御装置30の指令で、射出スクリュ6により加圧樹脂が押出される際にも、自動的に逆流防止弁46が開く。尚、この実施形態の場合は、射出スクリュ6によるサックバックを効かせることができないので、樹脂が洩れぬようにするため、上記ゲート弁47を装備することが必須となる。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記のように構成されており、請求項1〜の発明によれば、射出充填完了後直ちに射出スクリュの回転が可能となるので、射出圧保持冷却工程と可塑化とをラップして行うことができることにより、ショットサイクル時間を短縮でき、従来の一般的な射出スクリュ、射出シリンダの構造を殆ど変えることなく、またスクリュ回転数を増加することなく、ハイサイクル成形が可能となる。
【0036】
また、1つの金型で多数の成形品を同時に処理するために多くの樹脂分岐通路を持ち、多量の樹脂を必要とするような射出成形の場合でも、確実に樹脂の補完ができるので、ショートショット発生の虞れはなく、また冷却時の収縮に伴う成形品のひけの心配もない。要するに本発明によれば、コンパクトな装置で、コストも殆ど増加せず、設置場所もメンテナンスも一般の設備と同じ程度の装置で以って、高能率かつ良好な品質の成形品が得られる射出成形装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の第1形態に係る射出ユニットの部分断面図。
【図2】本発明の実施の第2形態に係る射出ユニットの部分断面図。
【図3】本発明の実施形態に係る射出ユニットの射出工程ブロック図。
【図4】一般的な射出成形機の射出ユニットの平面断面図。
【図5】従来の可塑と射出を分離した射出ユニットの断面図。
【図6】図4に示される一般的な射出ユニットの射出工程ブロック図。
【図7】図5に示される従来の射出ユニットの射出工程ブロック図。
【図8】他の従来例の射出ユニットの射出工程ブロック図。
【符号の説明】
2 固定金型
3 可動金型
5 射出シリンダ
6 射出スクリュ
30 制御装置
33 キャビティ
35,45 射出シリンダ
36 2方弁
37 ノズル筐体
37a 射出口
39 樹脂圧センサ
46 逆流防止弁
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an injection molding method and an injection molding method that enable plasticization of a resin during a resin pressure holding cooling step after filling a resin in a mold.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The injection unit of the injection molding machine has two functions, namely, a function of filling a mold with a resin and replenishing the subsequent shrinkage of the resin, and a function of melt-plasticizing the resin. However, with the recent development of cooling technology inside and outside the mold, high-cycle molding has been realized even for thick-walled molded products with a large molded product weight. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to apply a long injection holding pressure until the molded article is cooled and solidified to some extent.
[0003]
FIG. 4 shows an example of an injection unit of a conventional general injection molding machine. In the injection unit 10, the injection screw 6 provided reciprocally in the injection cylinder 5 is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 8 interlocked with the screw drive motor 26 in the order of the injection process block diagram shown in FIG. The molten resin stored in the tip 5b of the injection cylinder 5 is injected through the injection port 5c of the nozzle 5a into the cavity 33 formed by clamping the molds 2 and 3 by pushing forward and extruding. Is done. Thereafter, while the rotation of the injection screw 6 is stopped, hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 8 to maintain the resin pressure, and the molded product (resin) in the cavity 33 is cooled, and when the resin is hardened to some extent, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is reduced. Remove to release resin pressure. Subsequently, the injection screw 6 is rotated, and the steps of feeding and plasticizing the resin material and storing the molten resin in the tip 5b of the injection cylinder 5 are started.
[0004]
In the injection unit 10 as shown in FIG. 4, as described above, the injection screw 6 cannot perform the plasticizing step until the molded product is cooled and the resin is solidified. On the other hand, the injection screw 6 and the cylinder 5 must be large in order to solve the above points and shorten the time of the plasticizing step. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a fixed mold board, 4 denotes a base and 34 denotes a hopper.
[0005]
As an injection molding machine that meets the above demands, there is provided an injection molding machine in which an injection unit is divided into a plasticizing screw section and a plunger section dedicated to injection. One example of such an injection molding machine is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a resin passage 11 is provided which communicates both chambers of a resin reservoir 5b at the tip of a plasticizing screw 13 and a resin reservoir 15a at a tip of an injection plunger 18 dedicated to injection and pressurization. A check valve 12 is provided. The injection passage 19a to the mold cavity 33 formed in the nozzle 19 is directly connected to the resin reservoir 15a at the tip of the injection plunger 18 dedicated to injection.
[0006]
Thus, the resin melt-plasticized in the plasticizing screw 13 is once sent to the resin storage chamber 15a at the tip of the injection plunger 18. When a required amount of resin is stored in the resin storage chamber 15a at the tip of the plunger 18, the plunger 18 operated by the hydraulic cylinder 16 and the hydraulic piston 17 moves forward and injects this resin into the mold cavity 33. I do. After the injection, the resin on the side of the plunger 18 is prevented from flowing back to the plasticizing screw 13 by the check valve 12, so that the injection pressure is maintained.
[0007]
In the injection unit shown in FIG. 5, the plasticizing screw 13 can perform plasticization even during the steps of injection and holding the inner pressure of the mold, as shown in the block diagram of the process sequence of FIG. As a result, the shot cycle time can be reduced.
[0008]
However, in the injection unit shown in FIG. 5, the injection pressurizing piston portion separate from the plasticizing screw 13 is a rigid and complicated structure of the extrusion cylinder 15, the heating device of the extrusion cylinder 15, the hydraulic cylinder 16, and the hydraulic cylinder 16. It is composed of a hydraulic drive mechanism such as the piston 17 and a control device, and has problems such as a complicated structure, a large installation space, a high cost, and a complicated maintenance operation. In order to cope with such a problem, an injection unit capable of extending the plasticization time of the resin and shortening the injection cycle without changing the structure of a general injection molding machine is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28692. Have been.
[0009]
An outline of a plasticization control method proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28692 will be described with reference to a process block diagram of FIG. 8. In the injection molding process of this injection molding machine, the cooling time is shorter than the plasticization time. If it is longer, the first plasticization is performed after the injection and holding pressure and the time from the completion of the injection and holding pressure to the expiration of the cooling time setting timer that operates, and the molded product after the mold opening is completed A second plasticization is performed during the removal process. Then, the second plasticization is terminated by the operation of a preset measurement limit switch for the amount of molten resin necessary for molding.
[0010]
The feature of this method is that, as shown in FIG. 8, the plasticizing step is divided into two so that the output of the power of the injection unit and the output of the power of the mold clamping cylinder do not overlap. That is. That is, the first plasticization is performed during the mold closing and holding pressure, and the second plasticization is performed in the mold removal step that does not require power and the plasticization is performed sufficiently to take sufficient plasticizing time. I have to.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the injection unit as shown in FIG. 5 is divided into a plasticizing screw portion and a plunger portion dedicated to injection and pressurization, the shot cycle can be shortened, but the bent resin passage 11 is not used. The injection and pressurizing plunger, which is separate from the plasticizing screw, requires a robust and complicated cylinder, heating device, and a powerful drive mechanism and control device. Therefore, the installation space is large, the cost is high, and the maintenance work and the color changing work are complicated.
[0012]
In addition, the injection molding method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28692, in which the plasticizing step is divided into two steps while keeping the structure of a normal injection molding machine, is to match the amount of injection with the amount of plasticized resin in the injection cylinder. In the case of injection molding that has many resin branch passages and requires a large amount of resin because a large number of molded products are processed simultaneously by one type of mold, resin cannot be supplemented for short shots. It is also difficult to shorten the injection cycle.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a molded product having a small size and a simple structure, capable of plasticizing during the injection and holding the inner pressure of a mold, shortening a shot cycle time, and improving quality. To provide an injection molding method and an apparatus therefor.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above problems, and the gist of the invention is to rotate the injection screw in the injection cylinder to heat and plasticize while feeding the resin, and to move the injection screw backward to the tip of the injection screw. Accumulate the molten resin, then advance the injection screw at high speed, inject the molten resin from the injection nozzle into the mold cavity, cool and solidify the resin in the mold cavity while maintaining the injection pressure, and then open the mold In the process of the injection molding machine in which the molded product is taken out, the resin passage is closed while maintaining the pressure of the mold cavity at a predetermined pressure during the injection pressure holding cooling step after filling the mold cavity with the resin. , by rotating the injection screw backward while plasticize the resin, the resin passage together with the rotation stopping open, repeat the operation of advancing the resin extrusion complements the resin into the mold injection In the form method.
[0015]
The first means as an apparatus to which the above method is applied is to rotate the injection screw in the injection cylinder, heat and plasticize while feeding the resin, move the injection screw backward, and store the molten resin at the tip of the injection screw. Then, advance the injection screw at high speed, inject the molten resin from the injection nozzle through the resin passage into the cavity of the mold, cool and solidify the resin in the cavity while maintaining the injection pressure, and then open the mold In an injection molding apparatus configured to take out a molded product, an on-off valve for opening and closing the resin passage, a resin pressure sensor for detecting a resin pressure in a resin passage downstream of the on-off valve, and a resin from the resin pressure sensor A pressure detection signal is input, and based on the detection signal, an open / close signal is output to the open / close valve, and the driving of the injection screw is performed by a screw drive motor that drives the injection screw. And a control unit for outputting a signal, the control unit temporarily closes the on-off valve after the resin injection, at the time of injection pressure holding cooling step, the rotation of the injection screw when the resin pressure falls below prescribed holding pressure Stop and open the on-off valve, then advance the injection screw to pressurize the resin, close the on-off valve when the resin pressure exceeds a certain pressure, and rotate the injection screw to plasticize it. in an injection molding apparatus characterized in that it is configured to.
[0016]
According to the first means as the above method and apparatus, under the control of the control device, the injection screw in the injection cylinder is retreated while rotating to plasticize the resin, the molten resin is accumulated at the tip of the injection screw, and the injection screw is At a stretch to inject and fill the cavity of the mold through the resin passage. Then, in the subsequent injection pressure holding and cooling step, the resin passage is closed while maintaining the pressure in the mold cavity , the injection screw is rotated to retreat while plasticizing the resin, the rotation is stopped , and the resin passage is opened and advanced. Is repeated once or more times to supplement the resin in the mold.
[0017]
This prevents the occurrence of defects in the molded product such as sink marks caused by short shots or cooling shrinkage of the resin. Further, after the resin in the mold is cooled and solidified while maintaining the pressure, the injection screw may continue the plasticizing operation of the resin even during the mold opening / closing work for opening the mold and taking out the molded product. it can.
[0018]
In short, according to the first means as the method and the apparatus, the resin passage connecting the mold side and the injection cylinder side is closed immediately after the injection of the molten resin, and the injection unit independently starts the injection screw from this time. Is rotated to take in the resin raw material, which is heated, melted, and plasticized, so that sufficient time can be spent for plasticization. In this way, the plasticizing rotation by the injection screw does not require waiting until the injection-filled molded product is cooled and solidified, so that the shot cycle time can be reduced.
[0020]
In the first means as the above-mentioned device, the opening / closing valve is closed once after injecting the resin, and when the resin pressure falls below the required holding pressure during the injection pressure holding / cooling step, the rotation of the injection screw is stopped. Then, the opening / closing valve is opened, the injection screw is advanced to pressurize the resin, and when the resin pressure is sufficiently increased, the opening / closing valve is closed again, and thereafter, the injection screw is rotated to control the plasticization of the resin.
[0021]
Further , the second means as an apparatus of the present invention is to rotate the injection screw in the injection cylinder, heat and plasticize while feeding the resin, move the injection screw backward, accumulate the molten resin at the tip of the injection screw, Next, the injection screw is advanced at a high speed, the molten resin is injected from the injection nozzle into the mold cavity through the resin passage, the resin in the cavity is cooled and solidified while maintaining the injection pressure, and then the mold is opened and molded. In an injection molding apparatus designed to take out a product, an on-off valve for opening and closing the resin passage, a resin pressure sensor for detecting a resin pressure in a resin passage downstream of the on-off valve, and a resin pressure from the resin pressure sensor A detection signal is input, and an opening / closing signal is output to the opening / closing valve based on the detection signal, and a driving signal of the injection screw is supplied to a screw driving motor for driving the injection screw. And an output control unit, the on-off valve is composed by the check valve to prevent backflow of the resin to the injection screw side from the injection port side, the control device, at the time of injection pressure holding the cooling step, the injection The screw is rotated under a low pressure below a predetermined pressure to retract while plasticizing, and when the resin pressure on the mold side falls below the specified holding pressure, the rotation of the injection screw is stopped and this is advanced to pressurize the resin. After the resin pressure rises above a certain pressure, the injection screw is re-rotated to plasticize the resin repeatedly.
[0022]
According to the second means as the above device, in the pressure holding cooling step after the injection, the injection screw is rotated and retracted under a low pressure of a certain pressure or less, and the injection screw is plasticized. Thus, the resin does not flow backward to the injection screw side, and the resin pressure on the mold side is maintained. When the resin pressure drops below the required resin holding pressure, the control device stops the rotation of the injection screw, advances the screw to pressurize the resin, and after the resin pressure has sufficiently increased, the injection Re-rotate the screw to plasticize the resin.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram of an injection unit of an injection molding machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and shows only an improved portion of the conventional injection unit shown in FIG.
[0024]
In FIG. 1, 35 is an injection cylinder, 6 is an injection screw reciprocally fitted into the injection cylinder 35, 37 is a nozzle housing, 37a is an injection port, 1 is a fixed mold board, and 2 is a fixed mold. Reference numeral 3 denotes a movable mold, reference numeral 33 denotes a cavity formed by the molds 2 and 3, and reference numeral 29 denotes a heater for heating the injection cylinder 35.
[0025]
A rotary two-way valve 36 that opens and closes the resin passage 35 a at the tip of the injection cylinder 35 is provided. Further, a downstream side of the two-way valve 36, that is, a nozzle housing 37 on the injection port 37 a side is provided. A pressure holding chamber 38 communicated with the resin passage 35a is formed.
[0026]
39 is a resin pressure sensor for detecting the resin pressure P in the pressure holding chamber 38, and 30 is a detection signal of the resin pressure P input from the sensor 39, and is supplied to the rotary two-way valve 36 and the screw drive motor 26 and the like. The control device outputs a control signal.
[0027]
The operation of the injection molding machine having the injection unit configured as described above will be described. The injection work process in the injection molding machine is as shown in the injection process block diagram of the injection unit in FIG. The resin in the injection cylinder 35 is heated by the heater 29 wound around the injection cylinder 35 through the injection cylinder 35, and is melt-plasticized by the rotation of the injection screw 6. This resin is stored at the tip of the injection cylinder 35, and after closing the molds 2, 3, the injection screw 6 whose rotation has been stopped is advanced at a stretch to keep the molten resin with the two-way valve 36 provided in the resin passage. The resin is extruded from the injection port 37a of the nozzle housing 37 through the pressure chamber 38, and is injected and filled into the cavity 33 of the mold.
[0028]
After the filling of the resin is completed, the two-way valve 36 is rotated by a command from the control device 30 to close the resin passage 35a while maintaining the injection pressure, that is, the maximum holding pressure in FIG. The resin pressure sensor 39 sends a detection signal of the pressure in the pressure holding chamber 38 to the control device 30. The controller 30 instructs the screw drive motor 26 to stop the rotation of the injection screw 6 when the resin pressure P gradually decreases during the injection pressure holding / cooling step and falls below the required holding pressure, that is, the detection pressure in FIG. And the two-way valve 36 is opened. Further, the control device 30 advances the injection screw 6 through the screw drive motor 26 for pressurizing the resin, and when the resin pressure P is sufficiently increased, closes the two-way valve 36 again. Is controlled to restart the plasticization of the resin by rotating.
[0029]
The operation control of the injection screw 6 for maintaining the pressure of the resin is continued until the molded article (resin) is cooled and the resin is hardened to some extent. When the pressure maintenance is no longer necessary, the operation control is released. After that, the two-way valve 36 is kept closed, the injection screw 6 is plasticized, and the mold is opened, the molded product is taken out, and the mold is closed on one mold clamping cylinder side.
[0030]
As described above, while the resin pressure P in the pressure holding chamber 38 is high, the resin passage 35a with the injection cylinder 35 is closed by the two-way valve 36. 6 is rotated to take in the resin material, which is heated, melted and plasticized, and the retraction of the injection screw 6 allows the storage of a required amount of resin for injection filling, and therefore, sufficient plasticization of the resin. You can take time. Therefore, the shot cycle time can be reduced.
[0031]
As described above, the injection unit shown in FIG. 1 rotates the injection screw 6 to plasticize the resin during the pressure holding cooling step after the resin injection, and repeats the operation of retreating, stopping rotation, and moving forward a plurality of times. Therefore, the resin in the mold cavity 33 can be surely complemented, and the occurrence of defects in the molded product such as sink marks caused by short shot or cooling shrinkage of the resin can be prevented.
[0032]
As described above, after the resin in the mold cavity 33 is cooled and solidified while maintaining the pressure of the resin, the mold is opened and the molded product is taken out. The plasticizing operation can be continued.
[0033]
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a resin passage 45 a at the tip of the injection cylinder 45 is provided with a backflow prevention valve 46 and a pressure holding chamber 38 in a nozzle housing 37. A resin pressure sensor 39 for detecting a resin pressure in the pressure holding chamber 38 is attached to the nozzle housing 37 in which the pressure holding chamber 38 is formed, and a detection signal of the resin pressure sensor 39 is input to the control device 30. I have. In this case, it is desirable to provide a gate valve 47 on the mold side to shut off the resin passage 45a. The gate valve 47 functions to close the resin passage and prevent the unsolidified resin from flowing down when the molds 2 and 3 are opened to take out a molded product.
[0034]
The injection work process of the injection molding machine according to the second embodiment (FIG. 2) is the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and is as shown in the block diagram of the injection process of the injection unit in FIG. However, in this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, after the resin is injected and filled, the injection pressure (the maximum holding pressure in FIG. 3) is maintained without an instruction from the control device 30 to prevent backflow. The valve 46 automatically closes the resin passage 45a. Also, when the pressure P in the pressure holding chamber 38 falls below a specified value and the injection resin 6 extrudes the pressurized resin by the command of the control device 30 based on the detection signal from the resin pressure sensor 39, The check valve 46 is automatically opened. In the case of this embodiment, since the suck back by the injection screw 6 cannot be made effective, it is necessary to equip the gate valve 47 in order to prevent the resin from leaking.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above. According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the injection screw can be rotated immediately after the completion of the injection filling, so that the injection pressure holding cooling step and the plasticization are wrapped. By doing so, the shot cycle time can be reduced, and high cycle molding can be performed without substantially changing the structure of conventional general injection screws and injection cylinders and without increasing the screw rotation speed.
[0036]
In addition, even in the case of injection molding that requires a large amount of resin and has a large number of resin branch paths to simultaneously process a large number of molded products with one mold, the resin can be reliably supplemented. There is no risk of occurrence of shots, and there is no fear of sinking of the molded product due to shrinkage during cooling. In short, according to the present invention, a compact device, the cost is hardly increased, the installation location and the maintenance are the same level as those of general equipment, and a highly efficient and good quality molded product can be obtained. A molding device can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an injection unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of an injection unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an injection process block diagram of the injection unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of an injection unit of a general injection molding machine.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional injection unit in which plasticization and injection are separated.
6 is an injection process block diagram of the general injection unit shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an injection process of the conventional injection unit shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an injection process of another conventional injection unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Fixed mold 3 Movable mold 5 Injection cylinder 6 Injection screw 30 Control device 33 Cavity 35, 45 Injection cylinder 36 Two-way valve 37 Nozzle housing 37a Injection port 39 Resin pressure sensor 46 Check valve

Claims (3)

射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を射出ノズルから金型キャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながら金型キャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形機の工程において、上記金型キャビティに樹脂を充填した後の射出圧保持冷却工程のとき、金型キャビティの圧力を所定圧力に保持したまま樹脂通路を閉、射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を可塑化しながら後退、回転停止とともに上記樹脂通路を開、前進樹脂押出の動作を繰り返して、上記金型内に樹脂を補完することを特徴とする射出成形方法。Rotate the injection screw in the injection cylinder to heat and plasticize while feeding the resin, move the injection screw backward to store the molten resin at the tip of the injection screw, and then advance the injection screw at high speed to inject the molten resin Injection from a nozzle into a mold cavity, the resin in the mold cavity is cooled and solidified while maintaining the injection pressure, and then the mold is opened to take out a molded product. In the injection pressure holding and cooling step after filling the resin, the resin passage is closed while the pressure of the mold cavity is maintained at a predetermined pressure , the injection screw is rotated to retreat while plasticizing the resin, the rotation is stopped , and the resin is stopped. An injection molding method, characterized in that a passage is opened and a resin is complemented in the mold by repeating the operation of forward resin extrusion. 射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を樹脂通路を経て射出ノズルから金型のキャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながらキャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形機において、上記樹脂通路を開閉する開閉弁と、上記開閉弁の下流側の樹脂通路内の樹脂圧力を検出する樹脂圧センサと、同樹脂圧センサからの樹脂圧力の検出信号が入力され、同検出信号に基づき上記開閉弁に開閉信号を出力するとともに、上記射出スクリュを駆動するスクリュ駆動モータに射出スクリュの駆動信号を出力する制御装置とを備え、上記制御装置が、樹脂射出後に上記開閉弁を一旦閉じ、射出圧保持冷却工程時において、上記樹脂圧力が規定保持圧力以下に低下したとき上記射出スクリュの回転を停止するとともに上記開閉弁を開き、次いで上記射出スクリュを前進せしめて樹脂を加圧し、上記樹脂圧力が一定圧力を超えたとき上記開閉弁を閉じ、上記射出スクリュを回転して可塑化せしめるように構成されたことを特徴とする射出成形装置。The injection screw in the injection cylinder is rotated and heated and plasticized while feeding the resin.The injection screw is moved backward to accumulate the molten resin at the tip of the injection screw. Injection molding machine which injects from the injection nozzle to the cavity of the mold through the passage, cools and solidifies the resin in the cavity while maintaining the injection pressure, and opens the mold to take out the molded product. An on-off valve that opens and closes, a resin pressure sensor that detects a resin pressure in a resin passage downstream of the on-off valve, and a resin pressure detection signal from the resin pressure sensor. outputs a closing signal to the valve, and a control unit for outputting a drive signal of the injection screw to screw driving motor for driving the injection screw, the control device, After the fat injection, the on-off valve is closed once, and during the injection pressure holding / cooling step, when the resin pressure drops below the specified holding pressure, the rotation of the injection screw is stopped and the on-off valve is opened, and then the injection screw is opened. An injection molding apparatus characterized in that the resin is pressurized by moving forward, and when the resin pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the on-off valve is closed and the injection screw is rotated to plasticize . 射出シリンダ内の射出スクリュを回転して樹脂を送りながら加熱・可塑化し、同射出スクリュを後進させて射出スクリュ先端部に溶融樹脂を溜め、次いで射出スクリュを高速で前進させて、溶融樹脂を樹脂通路を経て射出ノズルから金型のキャビティに射出し、射出圧を保持しながらキャビティ内の樹脂を冷却固化した後、金型を開いて成形品を取り出すようにした射出成形機において、上記樹脂通路を開閉する開閉弁と、上記開閉弁の下流側の樹脂通路内の樹脂圧力を検出する樹脂圧センサと、同樹脂圧センサからの樹脂圧力の検出信号が入力され、同検出信号に基づき上記開閉弁に開閉信号を出力するとともに、上記射出スクリュを駆動するスクリュ駆動モータに射出スクリュの駆動信号を出力する制御装置とを備え、上記開閉弁が、射出口側から射出スクリュ側への樹脂の逆流を阻止する逆流防止弁により構成され、上記制御装置が、射出圧保持冷却工程時において、上記射出スクリュを所定圧力以下の低圧下で回転せしめて可塑化しながら後退せしめ、金型側の樹脂圧力が規定保持圧力以下に低下したとき上記射出スクリュの回転を停止しこれを前進せしめて樹脂を加圧し、樹脂圧力が一定圧力以上に上昇した後、射出スクリュを再回転して樹脂を可塑化することを繰り返し行わしめるように構成されたことを特徴とする射出成形装置。 The injection screw in the injection cylinder is rotated and heated and plasticized while feeding the resin.The injection screw is moved backward to accumulate the molten resin at the tip of the injection screw. Injection molding machine which injects from the injection nozzle to the cavity of the mold through the passage, cools and solidifies the resin in the cavity while maintaining the injection pressure, and opens the mold to take out the molded product. An on-off valve that opens and closes, a resin pressure sensor that detects a resin pressure in a resin passage downstream of the on-off valve, and a resin pressure detection signal from the resin pressure sensor. A control device for outputting an open / close signal to the valve and outputting a drive signal for the injection screw to a screw drive motor for driving the injection screw, wherein the open / close valve comprises It is constituted by a check valve for preventing backflow of resin from the mouth side to the injection screw side, and the control device plasticizes the injection screw by rotating the injection screw under a low pressure of a predetermined pressure or less during the injection pressure holding and cooling step. When the resin pressure on the mold side drops below the specified holding pressure, the rotation of the injection screw is stopped, and the screw is advanced to pressurize the resin. After the resin pressure rises above a certain pressure, the injection screw An injection molding apparatus configured to repeatedly rotate and plasticize the resin .
JP23828295A 1995-09-18 1995-09-18 Injection molding method and apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3605195B2 (en)

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