JP3559412B2 - Method for producing vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer - Google Patents

Method for producing vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer Download PDF

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JP3559412B2
JP3559412B2 JP1450097A JP1450097A JP3559412B2 JP 3559412 B2 JP3559412 B2 JP 3559412B2 JP 1450097 A JP1450097 A JP 1450097A JP 1450097 A JP1450097 A JP 1450097A JP 3559412 B2 JP3559412 B2 JP 3559412B2
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vinyl chloride
polymerization
ethylene
vinyl
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JPH10195147A (en
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達也 尾崎
敏夫 石山
歓喜 松本
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新第一塩ビ株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、フィルム、シートなどに成形したとき、フィッシュアイの発生の少ない塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリ塩化ビニルは優れた機械的特性を有しており、塩化ビニル樹脂として広く用いられているが、ポリ塩化ビニルには熱可塑性が劣るという欠点がある。従来、ポリ塩化ビニルの熱可塑性を向上する目的で、ポリ塩化ビニルに少量の可塑剤を添加し、あるいは塩化ビニルにエチレン、プロピレン、酢酸ビニルなどを共重合し、あるいはポリ塩化ビニルに軟質樹脂をブレンドする方法が知られている。
これらの方法によって、塩化ビニル樹脂組成物の成形加工性はある程度改良されるものの、決して十分ではなく、可塑剤の揮発又は移行による物性低下が問題となり、共重合系、ブレンド系はその改良効果が十分でなく、一つの欠点を改良すると、塩化ビニル樹脂の他の特性の低下を招くなどの問題がある。
他方、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニルをグラフト重合させることにより、塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体を製造する方法が知られている。この方法により得られた塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体は、ブレンド系では見られない優れた耐衝撃性、加工性、内部可塑性、電気絶縁性を有し、包装用シート、建材、電線被覆材などの幅広い分野で使用されている。しかし、塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体に見られる問題点として、重合系の均一化が不十分なまま重合し、あるいは、前の重合バッチの重合物粒子を残したまま重合することにより、部分的に塩化ビニル単量体組成の高い重合物粒子を生成し、加工時に未溶融のまま残って成形品表面にフィッシュアイを発生させる場合がある。
特公平5−54483号公報には、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に塩化ビニルをグラフト重合する際に、ソルビタン高級脂肪酸エステル系又はポリビニルアルコール系分散剤の存在下に重合を開始し、さらに重合転化率が5〜40%である間に水溶性分散剤を添加することにより、製品表面にフィッシュアイの少ない塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体を得る方法が提案されている。しかし、この方法は重合中の操作が煩雑である上に、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の組成比により水溶性分散剤の添加時期、添加量の調整が必要である。
このため、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニルと他の単量体の混合物をグラフト重合し、フィッシュアイの少ない塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体を容易に製造することができる方法の開発が求められている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、フィルム、シートなどに成形したとき、フィッシュアイの発生の少ない塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニルと他の単量体の混合物をグラフト重合させる際に、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.1〜0.3重量部の分散安定剤を使用し、分散安定剤の半量以上を昇温前に仕込み、半量未満を重合転化率が0.5〜4重量%の間に仕込むことにより、塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体成形品中のフィッシュアイを効果的に減少し得ることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合させる塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法において、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.1〜0.3重量部の分散安定剤を使用し、分散安定剤の50〜85重量%を昇温前に仕込み、次いで昇温して重合反応を開始し、残余の分散安定剤15〜50重量%を重合転化率が0.5〜4重量%の間に仕込むことを特徴とする塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法、
(2)エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体の量が40〜70重量%であり、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物の量が30〜60重量%である第(1)項記載の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法、及び、
(3)エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体が、エチレン35〜85重量%及びビニルエステル15〜65重量%からなる共重合体である第(1)項又は第(2)項記載の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法、
を提供するものである。
さらに、本発明の好ましい態様として、
(4)塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物中の塩化ビニルの量が50重量%以上である第(1)項、第(2)項又は第(3)項記載の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法、
を挙げることができる。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明方法においては、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合する。エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体は、エチレン35〜85重量%及びビニルエステル15〜65重量%からなる共重合体であることが好ましい。エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体のエチレン単位が35重量%未満であると、十分な衝撃強度を確保できないおそれがある。エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体のエチレン単位が85重量%を超えると、グラフト重合点が不足し、グラフト重合していないポリ塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニルと他のエチレン系不飽和単量体の共重合体が多量に生成するおそれがある。
本発明方法において使用するエチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に特に制限はなく、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−プロピオン酸ビニル共重合体などを使用することができるが、これらの中でエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を特に好適に使用することができる。
本発明方法においては、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に塩化ビニルを単独でグラフト重合し、あるいは、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に塩化ビニル及び塩化ビニルと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合する。塩化ビニルと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体としては、例えば、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、ラウリン酸ビニルなどの炭素数1〜18のモノカルボン酸のビニルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチルなどの炭素数1〜18のアルコールの(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、ブチルビニルエーテル、ラウリルビニルエーテルなどのアルキルビニルエーテル、さらに塩化ビニリデンなどを挙げることができる。
【0006】
本発明方法において、塩化ビニル及び塩化ビニルと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合する場合は、単量体混合物中の塩化ビニルの量が50重量%以上であることが好ましく、75重量%以上であることがより好ましい。単量体混合物中の塩化ビニルの量が50重量%未満であると、得られる共重合体が塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体が本来有する優れた特性を十分に備えなくなるおそれがある。
本発明方法においては、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物の比は、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体が40〜70重量%であり、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物が30〜60重量%であることが好ましい。エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体の量が40重量%未満であると、十分な伸びや柔軟性が得難くなるおそれがある。エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体の量が70重量%を超えると、抗張力が低下したり、粘着性が増す傾向が出て、物性面、作業面に問題を生ずるおそれがある。
本発明方法においては、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合させる方法には特に制限はなく、例えば、懸濁重合法、微細懸濁重合法などを用いることができる。懸濁重合法においては、先ず撹拌機を備えた重合槽に水性媒体を仕込み、分散剤と、必要に応じて少量の界面活性剤などを溶解し、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体を仕込み、油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤を添加して撹拌する。
次いで、重合槽を脱気し、必要に応じて窒素などの不活性気体で雰囲気を置換する。次いで、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物を仕込み、撹拌しつつ所定の重合温度まで昇温する。重合槽のジャケットの水温の変化から、重合の開始を把握することができる。重合を続けて、転化率が所定の値に達したとき、重合を停止し、未反応の塩化ビニルを回収する。粉末状ないし粒状の共重合体は、ろ過脱水し、乾燥して、塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体を得ることができる。
懸濁重合で用いる上記分散剤としては、ポリビニルアルコール;ゼラチン;メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルオキシメチルセルロースなどの水溶性セルロース誘導体などが例示される。また、懸濁重合法において使用する上記油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、アセチルパーオキシド、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキシド、ラウロイルパーオキシド、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、ナフトイルパーオキシドなどのジアシルパーオキシド;メチルエチルケトンパーオキシドなどのケトンパーオキシド;クメンヒドロパーオキシド、p−シメンヒドロパーオキシド、t−ブチルヒドロパーオキシドなどのヒドロパーオキシド;t−ブチルパーオキシピバレートなどのパーオキシエステル、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジエチルヘキシルパーオキシジカーボネートなどのパーオキシジカーボネート;アセチルシクロヘキシルスルフォニルパーオキシドなどのスルフォニルパーオキシドなどの有機過酸化物;これらの有機過酸化物とロンガリットなどの還元剤を組み合わせた酸化還元型重合開始剤;2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’−アゾビス(2−メチルブチロニトリル)、2,2’−アゾビス(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2’−アゾビス(4−メトキシ−2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)などのアゾ化合物などを挙げることができる。使用する油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤は、単量体に対して0.001〜0.5重量%を用いることが好ましい。これらの油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤は、1種を単独で用いることができ、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。
【0007】
微細懸濁重合法においては、先ず水性媒体中に、単量体、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体、油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤、界面活性剤、必要に応じて高級脂肪酸などの重合助剤、その他の添加剤を加えてプレミックスし、ホモジナイザにより均質化処理して油滴の粒径調節を行う。使用する界面活性剤としては、例えば、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムなどのアニオン性界面活性剤、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、エチレンオキシド−プロピレンオキシドブロック共重合体などのノニオン性界面活性剤などを挙げることができる。油溶性ラジカル重合開始剤としては、前記懸濁重合法において用いられるものと同様のものが例示される。ホモジナイザとしては、例えば、コロイドミル、振動撹拌機などを用いることができる。均質化処理した液を重合装置に送り、緩やかに撹拌しつつ重合温度に昇温して、所定の転化率に達するまで重合を行う。
本発明方法においては、重合温度は使用する単量体、重合開始剤などに応じて適宜選択することができるが、通常は30〜80℃とすることが好ましい。重合温度が30℃未満であると、反応が遅く、重合が進まなかったり、あるいは重合に長時間を要するおそれがある。重合温度が80℃を超えると、重合反応の制御が困難になるおそれがある。
【0008】
本発明方法においては、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物の合計量100重量部当たり0.1〜0.3重量部の分散安定剤を使用し、より好ましくは0.15〜0.20重量部の分散安定剤を使用する。使用する分散安定剤の量が、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.1重量部未満であると、重合時における水系媒体中の粒子の分散安定性を保持することが困難になるおそれがある。使用する分散安定剤の量が、エチレン場合ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.3重量部を超えると、重合系が完全に均一化しにくく、フィッシュアイを多く発生する塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体となるおそれがある。
本発明方法においては、使用する分散安定剤の50〜85重量%を昇温前に仕込み、次いで昇温して重合反応を開始し、残余の分散安定剤15〜50重量%を重合転化率が0.5〜4重量%の間に仕込む。さらに、使用する分散安定剤の60〜70重量%を昇温前に仕込み、残余の分散安定剤30〜40重量%を重合転化率が0.5〜4重量%の間に仕込むことがより好ましい。昇温する前の分散安定剤の仕込み量が50重量%未満であると、昇温までの液滴の分散安定性を保持することが難しく、重合とともに液滴の合一現象が激しくなって粗粒が多くなり、あるいは、重合系が固結するにいたるおそれがある。昇温する前の分散安定剤の仕込み量が85重量%を超えると、分散安定性は向上するが、重合系が完全に均一化しにくく、結果として部分的に塩化ビニル単量体組成の高い重合物粒子を生成し、フィッシュアイを多く発生する塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体となるおそれがある。残余の分散安定剤15〜50重量%を重合転化率が0.5重量%に達する前に仕込むと、フィッシュアイを多く発生する塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体となるおそれがある。残余の分散安定剤15〜50重量%を重合転化率が4重量%を超えた後に仕込むと、粗粒の多い塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体となるおそれがある。
本発明方法においては、重合媒体となる水、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体、単量体、重合開始剤、分散剤、界面活性剤などのほかに、さらに必要に応じて、pH調整剤、連鎖移動剤、酸化防止剤などの改良剤を添加してグラフト重合を行うことができる。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
撹拌機付きの容量100リットルのオートクレーブに、イオン交換水35.0kg、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル9.3g、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体[三井ポリケミカル(株)、エバフレックスEV40Y、エチレン59重量%、酢酸ビニル41重量%]16.0kgを仕込んだのち、撹拌しながらオートクレーブ内を真空脱気した。その後、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース[信越化学工業(株)、メトローズ65SH−50]の1.0重量%水溶液3.6kgをオートクレーブ内に吸引させて仕込み、30分間撹拌した。次いで、オートクレーブに塩化ビニル18.0kgを仕込み、90分間で60℃に昇温した。オートクレーブ内の温度が60℃に達してから15分経過後、重合転化率測定のため、スラリーの一部をサンプリングしたのち、2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロースの1.0重量%水溶液2.4kgを加圧して仕込んだ。オートクレーブ内の温度を60℃に保持したまま重合を継続し、重合開始から5時間50分後にオートクレーブ内圧力が4.2kg/cmGに低下したとき、重合を終了し、未反応の塩化ビニルを回収した。ろ過脱水し、乾燥して、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.5kgを得た。サンプリングスラリーを用いて、2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1.0重量%水溶液2.4kgを加圧して仕込んだときの重合転化率を調べたところ、1.2重量%であった。
得られた塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体100gに、ジブチル錫マレエート3g、ステアリン酸0.5g及びカーボンブラック20gを添加し、150℃で5分間ロール練りを行って、厚さ150μmのシートを作製した。シート裏面より光をあて、拡大鏡を用いて10cm四方内のフィッシュアイを数え、直径0.3mmより大きいフィッシュアイをフィッシュアイ(大)とし、直径0.1〜0.3mmのフィッシュアイをフィッシュアイ(小)として評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は0個、フィッシュアイ(小)は8個であった。
実施例2
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に4.5kg、昇温完了15分後に1.5kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.6kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.2重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は0個、フィッシュアイ(小)は12個であった。
実施例3
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に4.8kg、昇温完了15分後に1.2kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.9kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.3重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は1個、フィッシュアイ(小)は20個であった。
実施例4
塩化ビニル18.0kgの代わりに塩化ビニル16.0kgと酢酸ビニル2.0kgを仕込んだ以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.0kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.1重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は1個、フィッシュアイ(小)は6個であった。
比較例1
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液6.0kgを昇温前に仕込み、昇温完了後にはヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液の仕込みを行わないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.5kgを得た。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は5個、フィッシュアイ(小)は43個であった。
比較例2
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に5.4kg、昇温完了15分後に0.6kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.9kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.1重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は4個、フィッシュアイ(小)は29個であった。
比較例3
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に2.4kg、昇温完了15分後に3.6kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、粗粒を多く含んだ白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体31.0kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.2重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は0個、フィッシュアイ(小)は3個であった。
比較例4
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に1.2kg、昇温完了15分後に4.8kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行った。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.3重量%であった。60℃への昇温が完了したのち2時間後にオートクレーブ内が固結し、撹拌が不可能になったので重合を中止した。
比較例5
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に1.0kg、昇温完了15分後に0.7kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行った。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.1重量%であった。60℃への昇温が完了したのち1.5時間後にオートクレーブ内が固結し、撹拌が不可能になったので重合を中止した。
比較例6
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に8.0kg、昇温完了15分後に4.0kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.6kgを得た。2段目のヒドロキシプロピルセルロース水溶液を仕込んだときの重合転化率は1.1重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は5個、フィッシュアイ(小)は35個であった。
比較例7
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース1重量%水溶液の仕込み量を、昇温前に3.6kg、昇温完了120分後に2.4kgとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合を行い、粗粒を多く含んだ白色粉末状の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体30.7kgを得た。昇温完了120分後のサンプリングスラリーを用いて、重合転化率を調べたところ、13重量%であった。
実施例1と同様にしてシートを作製し、フィッシュアイを評価した。フィッシュアイ(大)は0個、フィッシュアイ(小)は11個であった。
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜7の結果を、第1表に示す。
【0010】
【表1】

Figure 0003559412
【0011】
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.18重量部のヒドロキシプロピルセルロースを使用し、昇温前にその60〜80重量%を仕込み、重合温度まで昇温した後にその20〜40重量%を仕込んだ実施例1〜4においては、白色粉末状のグラフト共重合体が得られ、グラフト共重合体から作製したシートのフィッシュアイは少ない。
これに対して、同じ量のヒドロキシプロピルセルロースを使用しても、昇温前にその90重量%又は全量を仕込んだ比較例1〜2においては、得られたグラフト共重合体から作製したシートのフィッシュアイが多い。また、同じ量のヒドロキシプロピルセルロースを使用しても、昇温前の仕込み量が40重量%と少ない比較例3においては、共重合体粒子中に粗粒が多く、昇温前の仕込み量が20重量%とさらに少ない比較例4においては、固結を生じて重合を完結することができなかった。
使用するヒドロキシプロピルセルロースの量が少なすぎる比較例5においても、固結を生じて重合を完結することができず、一方、使用するヒドロキシプロピルセルロースの量が多すぎる比較例6においては、白色粉末状のグラフト共重合体が得られたが、グラフト共重合体から作製したシートのフィッシュアイが多い。
使用するヒドロキシプロピルセルロースの昇温前仕込み量が60重量%であっても、重合転化率が13重量%に達してから残りの40重量%を仕込んだ比較例7のグラフト共重合体は、共重合体粒子中に粗粒の多いものとなった。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
本発明方法によれば、重合に際して適当量の分散安定剤を使用し、昇温前と、重合温度まで昇温した後の2回に分割して仕込むという簡単かつ容易な操作により、フィルム、シートなどに成形したとき、フィッシュアイの発生の少ない塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体を製造することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer which is less likely to generate fish eyes when formed into a film, a sheet or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polyvinyl chloride has excellent mechanical properties and is widely used as a vinyl chloride resin. However, polyvinyl chloride has a drawback of poor thermoplasticity. Conventionally, in order to improve the thermoplasticity of polyvinyl chloride, a small amount of plasticizer is added to polyvinyl chloride, or ethylene, propylene, vinyl acetate, etc. are copolymerized with polyvinyl chloride, or a soft resin is added to polyvinyl chloride. Methods for blending are known.
Although the molding processability of the vinyl chloride resin composition is improved to some extent by these methods, it is by no means sufficient, and the deterioration of the physical properties due to volatilization or migration of the plasticizer becomes a problem. If it is not sufficient and one of the disadvantages is improved, there is a problem that other characteristics of the vinyl chloride resin are deteriorated.
On the other hand, there is known a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer by graft-polymerizing vinyl chloride to an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer by a radical polymerization method. The vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer obtained by this method has excellent impact resistance, processability, internal plasticity, and electrical insulation properties not found in the blend type, and is used for packaging sheets, building materials, wire covering materials, etc. Is used in a wide range of fields. However, a problem encountered with vinyl chloride-based graft copolymers is that the polymerization can be partially carried out with insufficient homogenization of the polymerization system or with the polymerization particles remaining from the previous polymerization batch. In some cases, polymer particles having a high vinyl chloride monomer composition are generated, remain unmelted during processing, and generate fish eyes on the surface of the molded article.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-54483 discloses that when vinyl chloride is graft-polymerized to an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, polymerization is started in the presence of a sorbitan higher fatty acid ester-based or polyvinyl alcohol-based dispersant, and further subjected to polymerization conversion. A method has been proposed in which a water-soluble dispersant is added while the ratio is 5 to 40% to obtain a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer having few fish eyes on the product surface. However, in this method, the operation during polymerization is complicated, and it is necessary to adjust the addition timing and amount of the water-soluble dispersant depending on the composition ratio of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer.
For this reason, vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and other monomers is graft-polymerized to the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer by a radical polymerization method to easily produce a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer having less fish eyes. There is a need to develop ways to do this.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer which is less likely to generate fish eyes when formed into a film, a sheet, or the like.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, when graft-polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and other monomers onto an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, ethylene -Using a dispersion stabilizer of 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer, charging at least half of the dispersion stabilizer before heating, and It has been found that by charging the polymer at a polymerization conversion rate of 0.5 to 4% by weight, fish eyes in the vinyl chloride graft copolymer molded article can be effectively reduced. It was completed.
That is, the present invention
(1) Production of a vinyl chloride graft copolymer in which vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is graft-polymerized to an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer by a radical polymerization method. In the method, 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is used per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer, and 50 to 85% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is heated. A vinyl chloride graft wherein the polymerization reaction is started by raising the temperature and then raising the temperature to start the polymerization reaction, and the remaining 15 to 50% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is charged at a polymerization conversion of 0.5 to 4% by weight. A method for producing a copolymer,
(2) The amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is 40 to 70% by weight, and the amount of vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is 30 to 60% by weight. (1) The method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer according to (1), and
(3) The vinyl chloride graft according to (1) or (2), wherein the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is a copolymer composed of 35 to 85% by weight of ethylene and 15 to 65% by weight of vinyl ester. A method for producing a copolymer,
Is provided.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
(4) Item (1), (2) or (3) wherein the amount of vinyl chloride in the mixture of vinyl chloride and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is 50% by weight or more. A method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer according to the item,
Can be mentioned.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the method of the present invention, vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is graft-polymerized to an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer by a radical polymerization method. The ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is preferably a copolymer composed of 35 to 85% by weight of ethylene and 15 to 65% by weight of a vinyl ester. If the ethylene unit of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is less than 35% by weight, there is a possibility that sufficient impact strength cannot be secured. When the ethylene unit of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer exceeds 85% by weight, the graft polymerization point is insufficient, and a copolymer of ungrafted polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride and another ethylenically unsaturated monomer is used. May be produced in large quantities.
The ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl propionate copolymer and the like can be used. A vinyl acetate copolymer can be used particularly preferably.
In the method of the present invention, the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is graft-polymerized with vinyl chloride alone, or the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with vinyl chloride. Is graft-polymerized. Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with vinyl chloride include vinyl esters of monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, and vinyl laurate; and methyl (meth) acrylate. And (meth) acrylates of alcohols having 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as butyl (meth) acrylate, alkyl vinyl ethers such as butyl vinyl ether and lauryl vinyl ether, and vinylidene chloride.
[0006]
In the method of the present invention, when graft-polymerizing a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with vinyl chloride, the amount of vinyl chloride in the monomer mixture may be 50% by weight or more. It is more preferably at least 75% by weight. If the amount of vinyl chloride in the monomer mixture is less than 50% by weight, the obtained copolymer may not sufficiently have the excellent properties inherent in the vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer.
In the method of the present invention, the ratio of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer to vinyl chloride or the mixture of vinyl chloride and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is such that the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is 40 to 70%. %, And preferably 30 to 60% by weight of vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith. If the amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is less than 40% by weight, it may be difficult to obtain sufficient elongation and flexibility. If the amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer exceeds 70% by weight, the tensile strength tends to decrease and the tackiness tends to increase, which may cause problems in physical properties and workability.
In the method of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the method of graft-polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith with an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer by a radical polymerization method. For example, a suspension polymerization method, a fine suspension polymerization method, or the like can be used. In the suspension polymerization method, first, an aqueous medium is charged into a polymerization tank equipped with a stirrer, a dispersant and, if necessary, a small amount of a surfactant are dissolved, an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is charged, and an oil is charged. A soluble radical polymerization initiator is added and stirred.
Next, the polymerization tank is degassed, and the atmosphere is replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen as necessary. Next, vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is charged, and the temperature is raised to a predetermined polymerization temperature while stirring. From the change in the water temperature of the jacket of the polymerization tank, the start of polymerization can be grasped. The polymerization is continued, and when the conversion reaches a predetermined value, the polymerization is stopped and unreacted vinyl chloride is recovered. The powdery or granular copolymer is filtered, dehydrated, and dried to obtain a vinyl chloride graft copolymer.
Examples of the dispersant used in suspension polymerization include polyvinyl alcohol; gelatin; and water-soluble cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose and hydroxypropyloxymethylcellulose. Examples of the oil-soluble radical polymerization initiator used in the suspension polymerization method include, for example, acetyl peroxide, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, naphthoyl peroxide and the like. Diacyl peroxides; ketone peroxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide; hydroperoxides such as cumene hydroperoxide, p-cymene hydroperoxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide; peroxyesters such as t-butyl peroxypivalate Peroxydicarbonates such as diisopropylperoxydicarbonate and diethylhexylperoxydicarbonate; organic compounds such as sulfonyl peroxide such as acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide Oxides; redox polymerization initiators obtained by combining these organic peroxides with a reducing agent such as Rongalit; 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile) ), 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), and azo compounds such as 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). The oil-soluble radical polymerization initiator used is preferably used in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5% by weight based on the monomer. One of these oil-soluble radical polymerization initiators can be used alone, or two or more can be used in combination.
[0007]
In the fine suspension polymerization method, first, in an aqueous medium, a monomer, an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, an oil-soluble radical polymerization initiator, a surfactant, a polymerization aid such as a higher fatty acid if necessary, and other And then premixed, and homogenized with a homogenizer to adjust the particle size of the oil droplets. Examples of the surfactant to be used include, for example, anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer. Can be mentioned. Examples of the oil-soluble radical polymerization initiator include those similar to those used in the suspension polymerization method. As the homogenizer, for example, a colloid mill, a vibration stirrer, or the like can be used. The liquid subjected to the homogenization treatment is sent to a polymerization apparatus, and the temperature is raised to the polymerization temperature with gentle stirring, and the polymerization is performed until a predetermined conversion is reached.
In the method of the present invention, the polymerization temperature can be appropriately selected according to the monomers used, the polymerization initiator, and the like, but is usually preferably 30 to 80 ° C. When the polymerization temperature is lower than 30 ° C., the reaction may be slow and the polymerization may not proceed, or the polymerization may take a long time. When the polymerization temperature exceeds 80 ° C., it may be difficult to control the polymerization reaction.
[0008]
In the method of the present invention, 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith. Parts of dispersion stabilizer, more preferably 0.15 to 0.20 parts by weight of dispersion stabilizer. When the amount of the dispersion stabilizer used is less than 0.1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer, the dispersion stability of the particles in the aqueous medium at the time of polymerization is reduced. It may be difficult to hold. If the amount of the dispersion stabilizer used exceeds 0.3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer in the case of ethylene, it is difficult to completely homogenize the polymerization system and generate many fish eyes. To a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer.
In the method of the present invention, 50 to 85% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer to be used is charged before the temperature is raised, and then the temperature is raised to start the polymerization reaction. Charge between 0.5-4% by weight. Further, it is more preferable that 60 to 70% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer to be used is charged before the temperature is raised, and 30 to 40% by weight of the remaining dispersion stabilizer is charged while the polymerization conversion ratio is 0.5 to 4% by weight. . If the charged amount of the dispersion stabilizer before the temperature rise is less than 50% by weight, it is difficult to maintain the dispersion stability of the droplets up to the temperature rise, and the coalescence phenomenon of the droplets becomes severe along with the polymerization, and the There is a possibility that the number of grains may increase or the polymerization system may be solidified. If the charged amount of the dispersion stabilizer before the temperature rise exceeds 85% by weight, the dispersion stability is improved, but the polymerization system is difficult to completely homogenize, and as a result, the polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer composition is partially high. There is a possibility that a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer which generates material particles and generates a lot of fish eyes will be obtained. If 15 to 50% by weight of the remaining dispersion stabilizer is charged before the polymerization conversion reaches 0.5% by weight, a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer which generates many fish eyes may be obtained. If the remaining 15 to 50% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is charged after the polymerization conversion exceeds 4% by weight, a vinyl chloride graft copolymer having a large amount of coarse particles may be obtained.
In the method of the present invention, in addition to water serving as a polymerization medium, an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, a monomer, a polymerization initiator, a dispersant, a surfactant, and the like, a pH adjuster, a chain Graft polymerization can be carried out by adding a modifier such as a transfer agent and an antioxidant.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
In a 100-liter autoclave equipped with a stirrer, 35.0 kg of ion-exchanged water, 9.3 g of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer [Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., Evaflex After charging 16.0 kg of EV40Y, ethylene 59% by weight, vinyl acetate 41% by weight], the inside of the autoclave was evacuated under vacuum with stirring. Then, 3.6 kg of a 1.0% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose [Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Metroose 65SH-50] was charged into the autoclave by suction, and stirred for 30 minutes. Next, 18.0 kg of vinyl chloride was charged into the autoclave, and the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. in 90 minutes. Fifteen minutes after the temperature in the autoclave reached 60 ° C., a part of the slurry was sampled for polymerization conversion measurement, and then 2.4 kg of a 1.0% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose in the second stage was added. It was charged under pressure. The polymerization was continued while the temperature in the autoclave was maintained at 60 ° C., and when the pressure in the autoclave dropped to 4.2 kg / cm 2 G after 5 hours and 50 minutes from the start of the polymerization, the polymerization was terminated and unreacted vinyl chloride was added. Was recovered. The mixture was filtered, dehydrated and dried to obtain 30.5 kg of a white powdery vinyl chloride graft copolymer. When 2.4 kg of a 1.0% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose in the second stage was charged under pressure using the sampling slurry, the polymerization conversion was 1.2% by weight.
To 100 g of the obtained vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer, 3 g of dibutyltin maleate, 0.5 g of stearic acid and 20 g of carbon black were added and roll-kneaded at 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to produce a 150 μm-thick sheet. . Light from the back of the sheet, count the fish eyes within 10 cm square using a magnifying glass, set fish eyes larger than 0.3 mm in diameter as fish eyes (large), and fish from 0.1 to 0.3 mm in diameter It was evaluated as an eye (small). There were 0 fish eyes (large) and 8 fish eyes (small).
Example 2
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the charged amount of the aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was 4.5 kg before the temperature was raised and 1.5 kg after 15 minutes from the completion of the temperature rise. 30.6 kg of a copolymer was obtained. The polymerization conversion rate when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.2% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 0 fish eyes (large) and 12 fish eyes (small).
Example 3
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the charged amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 4.8 kg before heating and to 1.2 kg after 15 minutes from the completion of heating, to obtain a white powdered chloride. 30.9 kg of a vinyl-based graft copolymer was obtained. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.3% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. One fish eye (large) and 20 fish eyes (small).
Example 4
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 16.0 kg of vinyl chloride and 2.0 kg of vinyl acetate were charged instead of 18.0 kg of vinyl chloride, and 30.0 kg of a white powdery vinyl chloride graft copolymer. Got. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.1% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. One fish eye (large) and six fish eyes (small).
Comparative Example 1
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6.0 kg of a 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged before the temperature was raised, and after completion of the temperature rise, polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a white powdered chloride. 30.5 kg of a vinyl graft copolymer was obtained.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 5 fish eyes (large) and 43 fish eyes (small).
Comparative Example 2
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the charged amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 5.4 kg before heating and to 0.6 kg after 15 minutes from completion of the heating, to obtain a white powdered chloride. 30.9 kg of a vinyl-based graft copolymer was obtained. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.1% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 4 fish eyes (large) and 29 fish eyes (small).
Comparative Example 3
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the charged amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 2.4 kg before heating and to 3.6 kg after 15 minutes from completion of heating, and a large amount of coarse particles was contained. 31.0 kg of a white powdery vinyl chloride graft copolymer was obtained. The polymerization conversion rate when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.2% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 0 fish eyes (large) and 3 fish eyes (small).
Comparative Example 4
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 1.2 kg before the heating and 4.8 kg after 15 minutes from the completion of the heating. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.3% by weight. Two hours after the temperature was raised to 60 ° C, the inside of the autoclave solidified and stirring became impossible, so the polymerization was stopped.
Comparative Example 5
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 1.0 kg before the heating and 0.7 kg after 15 minutes from the completion of the heating. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.1% by weight. 1.5 hours after the temperature was raised to 60 ° C, the inside of the autoclave solidified and stirring became impossible, so the polymerization was stopped.
Comparative Example 6
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the charged amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was 8.0 kg before the temperature was raised and 4.0 kg after 15 minutes from the completion of the temperature rise. 30.6 kg of a vinyl graft copolymer was obtained. The polymerization conversion when the second-stage aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was charged was 1.1% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 5 fish eyes (large) and 35 fish eyes (small).
Comparative Example 7
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the charged amount of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxypropylcellulose was changed to 3.6 kg before the heating and to 2.4 kg 120 minutes after the completion of the heating. 30.7 kg of a white powdery vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer was obtained. When the polymerization conversion was examined using the sampling slurry 120 minutes after the completion of the temperature rise, it was 13% by weight.
A sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fish eyes were evaluated. There were 0 fish eyes (large) and 11 fish eyes (small).
Table 1 shows the results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7.
[0010]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003559412
[0011]
0.18 parts by weight of hydroxypropylcellulose was used per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the monomer, and 60 to 80% by weight thereof was charged before the temperature was raised, and the temperature was raised to the polymerization temperature. In Examples 1 to 4, in which 20 to 40% by weight of the graft copolymer was later charged, a white powdery graft copolymer was obtained, and the fisheye of the sheet prepared from the graft copolymer was small.
On the other hand, even if the same amount of hydroxypropylcellulose was used, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which 90% by weight or the whole amount was charged before the temperature was raised, the sheet produced from the obtained graft copolymer was used. There are many fish eyes. Further, even when the same amount of hydroxypropylcellulose was used, in Comparative Example 3 in which the charged amount before the temperature rise was as small as 40% by weight, the copolymer particles had a large amount of coarse particles, and the charged amount before the temperature rise was low. In Comparative Example 4, which was as low as 20% by weight, consolidation occurred and the polymerization could not be completed.
In Comparative Example 5 in which the amount of hydroxypropylcellulose used was too small, solidification occurred and the polymerization could not be completed. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 6 in which the amount of hydroxypropylcellulose used was too large, white powder was used. A graft copolymer was obtained, but the sheet made from the graft copolymer had many fish eyes.
Even if the amount of hydroxypropylcellulose used before heating was 60% by weight, the graft copolymer of Comparative Example 7 in which the remaining 40% by weight was charged after the polymerization conversion reached 13% by weight, The coarse particles were found in the polymer particles.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, an appropriate amount of a dispersion stabilizer is used at the time of polymerization, and a film and a sheet are prepared by a simple and easy operation of dividing and charging two times before and after heating to a polymerization temperature. When molded into such a shape, it is possible to produce a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer with less occurrence of fish eyes.

Claims (3)

エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体に、ラジカル重合法により塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物をグラフト重合させる塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法において、エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体と単量体の合計量100重量部当たり0.1〜0.3重量部の分散安定剤を使用し、分散安定剤の50〜85重量%を昇温前に仕込み、次いで昇温して重合反応を開始し、残余の分散安定剤15〜50重量%を重合転化率が0.5〜4重量%の間に仕込むことを特徴とする塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法。In a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer in which an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is subjected to graft polymerization of vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith by a radical polymerization method, 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is used per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and the monomer, and 50 to 85% by weight of the dispersion stabilizer is charged before heating. A vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer, characterized in that the polymerization reaction is started by raising the temperature, and the remaining dispersion stabilizer of 15 to 50% by weight is charged with a polymerization conversion rate of 0.5 to 4% by weight. Manufacturing method. エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体の量が40〜70重量%であり、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニル及びこれと共重合し得るエチレン系不飽和単量体の混合物の量が30〜60重量%である請求項1記載の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法。The amount of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is 40 to 70% by weight, and the amount of vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith is 30 to 60% by weight. Item 4. The method for producing a vinyl chloride-based graft copolymer according to Item 1. エチレン−ビニルエステル共重合体が、エチレン35〜85重量%及びビニルエステル15〜65重量%からなる共重合体である請求項1又は請求項2記載の塩化ビニル系グラフト共重合体の製造方法。The method for producing a vinyl chloride graft copolymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is a copolymer composed of 35 to 85% by weight of ethylene and 15 to 65% by weight of a vinyl ester.
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