JP2022526631A - 視覚効果のあるブロー成形品 - Google Patents
視覚効果のあるブロー成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022526631A JP2022526631A JP2021559561A JP2021559561A JP2022526631A JP 2022526631 A JP2022526631 A JP 2022526631A JP 2021559561 A JP2021559561 A JP 2021559561A JP 2021559561 A JP2021559561 A JP 2021559561A JP 2022526631 A JP2022526631 A JP 2022526631A
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- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
を含み、1つ以上の第1の領域及び1つ以上の第2の領域が、物品の表面上に不規則なパターンを形成する、中空本体を含む、ブロー成形単層物品。
物品が容器又はボトルである場合、臨界垂直荷重、光沢20°、及び表面粗さの測定は全て、物品から取り外されたサンプルパネルで行われた。長さ100mm及び幅約50mmの寸法を有するサンプルを、物品壁の主要部分から切り取り、肩部/ネック及び基部領域から少なくとも50mm離れて切り取る。
ボトルから取り出したときにサンプルが容易に層間剥離した場合、サンプルには「臨界垂直荷重」に対して0Nのスコアが与えられる。無傷のままであるサンプルについては、スクラッチ試験手順(ASTM D7027-13/ISO 19252:08)に従って、Surface Machine Systems社のScratch 5を使用して、直径1mmの球形チップ、初期荷重:1N、最終荷重:125N、スクラッチ速度:10mm/s、及びスクラッチ長さ100mmを使用してスクラッチ誘発損傷を受ける。100mmより小さいサンプルについては、初期荷重及び最終荷重を同じに維持しながら、スクラッチ長さを減少させることができる。これにより、臨界垂直荷重の推定値が提供される。この推定値を使用して、追加のサンプルを狭い荷重範囲で実行し、臨界垂直荷重をより正確に判断できる。
光沢20°は、ASTM D 2457/D523に従って、20マイクロ-トリ-グロス(BYK-Gardner社)の光沢計で測定される。各ポイントを3回測定し、平均を計算して光沢20°を決定する。全ての光沢測定は、「ベースブラック」と呼ばれる黒い背景で行われた。ベースブラックは、X-Riteグレースケールバランスカード(45×45 L*a*b* 21.077 0.15-0.29)の黒色領域である。Micro-Tri Gloss計によって与えられる測定値は、「光沢単位」を表す単位「GU」を有する。
特定の位置での壁厚は、直径1/8インチのターゲットボールを使用するOlympus Magna-Mike(登録商標)8600を使用して測定された。各位置で3回の測定を行い、局所壁厚を決定するために平均を計算した。
Surftest SJ-210(Mitutoyo America Corporation)などの可携帯型表面粗さ試験機を使用して、サンプルパネルをRa(算術平均高さ)について分析し、ボトルの高さを均等にする。粗さは、μm単位で測定される。
独特の添加剤、着色剤、又は樹脂は、層のうちの少なくとも1つの中に配置され、方法A又は方法Bのいずれかが、独特の添加剤、着色剤、又は樹脂の組成が最大濃度と最小濃度との間で変化する界面に垂直な距離にわたって組成物をマッピングすることを可能にする。
ボトルサンプル(ボトルサンプルの調製について以下に記載する)が、EDS(例えば、炭素又は酸素を含まない原子番号3よりも高い元素)によって適切にマッピングされ得る元素組成物を有する、2重量%以上の着色剤及び/又は添加剤を含む場合、方法Aを使用することができる。これらの着色剤/添加剤は、分子種又は微粒子であり得る。微粒子の形態である場合、5μm×5μm×200nmの体積内に約10個以上の粒子が存在するように、十分に分散されるべきである。一般に、粒子は最大寸法で500nm未満であるべきである。
加熱されたブレードを使用して、約3cm×3cmの肩部/ネック又は基部領域から少なくとも50mm離れたボトルラベルパネル壁片を抽出する。加熱されたブレードは、早すぎる層間剥離を誘発し得る大量の力を加えることなく、ボトルの区分を可能にする。これは、パネル壁材を切断するのではなく、溶融することによって達成される。片の溶融した縁部をはさみで除去した後、約3cm×3cm片を、新しい鋭利な単一縁部カミソリ刃を使用して、約1cm×0.5cmのいくつかの片に更に区分される。切断力は、界面にわたる汚れを防止するために、部品の長さに沿って、界面に垂直ではなく、層/界面に平行に適用される。
A/C層又はC/B層の間の近似界面の識別は、デュアルビームFIBにおける海綿を見つけることを可能にするために必要である。おおよその界面を特定するために、SEM画像化及びEDSマッピングは、EDAX Octane Elect 30mm2 SDD(EDAX社)などのシリコンドリフトEDS検出器(SDD)を備えたFEI(Thermo Scientific(登録商標))Apreo SEMなどの最新の電界放出SEMによって実行される。各層に存在する固有の要素を識別することによって層状構造の存在を確認するために、約500倍~1000倍の倍率の予備EDSマップが断面にわたって収集される。加速電圧は、X線信号を生成するために、対象元素の最も理想的な電子シェルをイオン化するために好適に設定される。USP<1181>(USP29-NF24)は、EDS信号を収集するために最良の動作条件を選択するための有用な基準を提供する。
好適に高解像度で界面をマッピングするためには、薄い箔サンプル(100~200nm厚)が必要とされる。ラメラは、FEI(Thermo Scientifc(登録商標))Helios 600などの現代のデュアルビームFIBを使用して調製される。界面は、プラチナ基準マークを用いてFIB内に配置される。次に、保護プラチナキャップをFIB内の界面における関心領域に堆積させ、約30μm×2μm×2μmを測定する。これは、イオンビームからの不必要な損傷から、ラメラサンプルになる材料を保護するために行われる。30μmの寸法は、界面に対して垂直に配向され、それにより、約15μmが界面の片側を覆い、15μmが他方の面を覆うように配向される。次いで、プラチナキャップの両側から材料を除去し、キャップされた領域をラメラとして残し、界面が10μm方向に平行に配向されている幅約30μm×厚さ2μm×深さ10μmの大きさにする。次いで、Omniprobeナノマニピュレーション装置(Oxford Instruments)を用いてラメラを抽出し、銅製のOmniprobeグリッドに取り付ける。次いで、30kVのガリウムイオンを使用して、十分に薄くなるまで(約500~200nm)まで、ラメラサンプルを薄くする。次いで、新たに薄化したラメラサンプルを5kVのガリウムイオンで洗浄して、30kVの薄化プロセスによって生じる過剰な損傷を除去する。
走査型透過電子顕微鏡(STEM)エネルギー分散型X線分光法(EDS)データは、Apex(商標)(EDAX社)などの収集及び分析ソフトウェアを備えたEDAX Apollo XLT2 30mm2 SDD検出器(EDAX社)などの最新のシリコンドリフトEDS検出器(SDD)を備えたFEI Tecnai TF-20(Thermo Scientific(登録商標))などの最新の電界放出TEMを使用して収集される。上述のように製造された箔内の界面領域は、EDSでマッピングされて、2つのポリマー層中の元素成分の存在及び位置を表示する。EDSマップのサイズは、界面が20μm方向(「Y」方向)に垂直で10μm方向(「X」方向)に平行である場合、約20×10μmである。「Y」及び「X」方向は、互いに垂直又はほぼ垂直である。
EDSマップデータは、各要素に対応する独特の色を有する色分けされた画像として表示することができる。色の強度は、元素種の濃度によってスケーリングされる。EDSマップデータは、「Y」方向(界面に平行)に発生する各元素のX線カウントを合計することによって正規化原子%のラインプロファイルを表示するように処理され、合計強度は、「X」方向(界面に垂直)の界面にわたる距離の関数としてプロットされる。少なくとも1つの要素について、最大正規化原子%と最小正規化原子%との間の距離(両方とも約2~4マイクロメートルにわたって約ゼロの傾きを有する)は、界面層の厚さとして定義される。
連続レーザービーム、電動x-y試料走査ステージ、ビデオCCDカメラ、LED白色光源、488nm~785nmのダイオード励起レーザー励起、及び50倍~100倍(Zeiss EC Epiplan-Neofluar、NA=0.8以上)顕微鏡対物レンズを備えた共焦点ラマン顕微鏡(Witec A300R共焦点ラマン分光計)を使用して、層界面にわたる2次元化学マップ又はラインスキャンを収集する。
不透明度は、直径3mmの開口を有するX-rite 341C(X-Rite社)などの携帯型濃度計を使用して、ボトルの切り取り部分で測定する。絶対光学密度(D)を測定し、D=-log10 Tで透過率(T)に変換し、式中、%不透明度は100-%Tであり、5.00の光学密度(D)=100%不透明であり、0.00=0%不透明である。各ポイントを3回測定し、平均を計算して%不透明度を決定する。
1.ブロー成形単層物品であって、
a.内面と外面とを含む壁によって画定される中空本体であって、壁は、
i.第1の組成物を含む1つ以上の第1の領域であって、内面から外面まで延在する、1つ以上の第1の領域と、
ii.第2の組成物を含む1つ以上の第2の領域であって、第2の領域が内面から外面まで延在し、第2の領域が軸方向の色のグラデーションを含む、1つ以上の第2の領域と
を含み、
1つ以上の第1の領域及び1つ以上の第2の領域が、物品の表面上に不規則なパターンを形成する、中空本体
を備える、ブロー成形単層物品。
2.壁が、複数の第1の領域及び複数の第2の領域を含む、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形物品。
3.第1の領域と第2の領域とが相互浸透されている、パラグラフBに記載のブロー成形物品。
4.第1の組成物及び第2の組成物がポリエチレンテレフタレートを含む、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形物品。
5.第1の組成物及び第2の組成物が異なる色である、パラグラフDに記載のブロー成形物品。
6.第2の組成物がエフェクト顔料を含む、段落Eに記載のブロー成形物品。
7.第1の組成物がエフェクト顔料を実質的に含まない、段落Fに記載のブロー成形物品。
8.1つ以上の第2の領域の位置が、25μinを超える表面粗さを含む、段落Fに記載のブロー成形物品。
9.1つ以上の第1の領域の位置が、8μin未満の表面粗さを含む、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形物品。
10.物品の少なくとも一部が透明である、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形物品。
11.物品の少なくとも一部が不透明である、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形物品。
12.物品がボトルである、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形単層物品。
13.物品が、50N以上の臨界垂直荷重を有する、パラグラフAに記載のブロー成形単層物品。
Claims (15)
- ブロー成形単層物品であって、
a.内面及び外面を備える壁によって画定される中空本体を有し、少なくとも1つのパルス層によって形成されている前記壁は、
i.第1の組成物を含む1つ以上の第1の領域であって、前記内面から前記外面まで延在する1つ以上の第1の領域と、
ii.第2の組成物を含む1つ以上の第2の領域であって、前記内面から前記外面まで延在し、軸方向の色のグラデーションを含む1つ以上の第2の領域と
を含み、
前記1つ以上の第1の領域及び前記1つ以上の第2の領域は、前記物品の前記表面上に不規則なパターンを形成する、ブロー成形単層物品。 - 前記パルス層は、複数の第1の領域及び複数の第2の領域を含む、請求項1に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記壁は少なくとも3つの層を含み、前記パルス層はコア層である、請求項1又は2に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記壁は、前記パルス層から形成されている、請求項1又は2に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記壁は少なくとも3つの層を含み、前記パルス層は前記外壁表面を含む、請求項1又は2に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記第1の領域及び前記第2の領域は、相互に浸透する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記第1の組成物及び前記第2の組成物はポリエチレンテレフタレートを含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記第1の組成物及び前記第2の組成物は、色が異なる、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記第2の組成物はエフェクト顔料を含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記第1の組成物は、1%未満、好ましくは0.5%未満、より好ましくは0.1%未満のエフェクト顔料を含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記1つ以上の第1の領域の位置が、本明細書に記載の表面粗さ測定法によって測定したとき、8μin(0.2032μm)未満、より好ましくは5μin(0.127μm)未満、更により好ましくは3μin(0.0762)未満の表面粗さを含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記物品の少なくとも一部分が透明である、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記物品の少なくとも一部分が不透明である、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形物品。
- 前記物品はボトルである、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形単層物品。
- 本明細書に記載の臨界垂直荷重試験法に従って測定したとき、前記物品は、50N以上、好ましくは70以上、最も好ましくは90以上の臨界垂直荷重を有していた、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のブロー成形単層物品。
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EP3953130A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
CN113661037A (zh) | 2021-11-16 |
MX2021012431A (es) | 2021-11-12 |
US20200324455A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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WO2020210589A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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