JP2016191305A - NOx浄化システム制御装置および還元剤添加システム - Google Patents
NOx浄化システム制御装置および還元剤添加システム Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 17
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical class O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/38—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ozone (O3) generator, e.g. for adding ozone after generation of ozone from air
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- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1612—SOx amount trapped in catalyst
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
【解決手段】NOx浄化システム制御装置であるECU40は、NOx浄化装置12および還元剤添加装置Dを備えるNOx浄化システムに適用されることを前提とする。NOx浄化装置12は、NOxを還元する還元触媒成分および硫黄成分による被毒を抑制する被毒抑制成分を含む触媒層と、触媒層を支持する基材とを有する。還元剤添加装置Dは、炭化水素化合物である還元剤を部分的に酸化させて改質するヒータ21およびオゾナイザ30を有し、内燃機関10の排気通路10exのうちNOx浄化装置12の上流側へ改質された還元剤を添加する。ECU40は、被毒抑制成分の活性化度合いを推定する推定手段41aと、活性化度合いに応じて改質の度合いを変化させるよう改質手段の作動を制御する制御手段41bとを備える。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1に示す燃焼システムは、以下に詳述する内燃機関10、過給機11、NOx浄化装置12、微粒子捕集装置(DPF13)、および還元剤添加装置Dを備える。燃焼システムは車両に搭載されたものであり、当該車両は、内燃機関10の出力を駆動源として走行する。内燃機関10は、圧縮自着火式のディーゼルエンジンであり、燃焼に用いる燃料には、炭化水素化合物である軽油を用いている。内燃機関10は、基本的にはリーン状態で燃焼させるように作動する。つまり、燃焼室に噴射された燃料と燃焼室に吸入される空気との比率である空燃比が、空気過剰に設定された状態で燃焼(リーン燃焼)させている。
上記第1実施形態では、触媒温度および硫黄吸着量の両方の値に応じて、改質度合いを変更させている。これに対し、図11に示す本実施形態では、触媒温度の値に拘らず、硫黄吸着量に応じて改質度合いを変更させている。具体的には、図5のステップS20を廃止しており、硫黄吸着量が第2閾値M2より多ければ強改質制御、第1閾値M1以下であれば改質停止制御、第1閾値M1より多く、かつ第2閾値M2以下であれば弱改質制御に切り替える。
上記第2実施形態では、改質制御の切り替えの判定に用いる第1閾値M1および第2閾値M2を固定の値に設定している。これに対し、図12に示す本実施形態では、第1閾値M1および第2閾値M2を触媒温度に応じて変更させる。具体的には、触媒温度が低いほど、第1閾値M1および第2閾値M2を低い値に変更する。要するに、触媒温度および硫黄吸着量の両方の値に応じて改質度合いを変更させる。
上記第1実施形態では、触媒温度および硫黄吸着量の両方の値に応じて、改質度合いを変更させている。これに対し、図13に示す本実施形態では、硫黄吸着量に拘らず、触媒温度に応じて改質度合いを変更させている。具体的には、図5のステップS30、S31、S32を廃止してステップS21、S22を設けている。これらのステップS21、S22により、触媒温度が第1閾値T1より低ければ強改質制御、第2閾値T2以上であれば改質停止制御、第2閾値T2より低く、かつ第1閾値M1以上であれば弱改質制御に切り替えられる。なお、第2閾値T2は第1閾値T1よりも高い温度に設定されている。
上記第4実施形態では、改質制御の切り替えの判定に用いる第1閾値T1および第2閾値T2を固定の値に設定している。これに対し、図14に示す本実施形態では、第1閾値T1および第2閾値T2を硫黄吸着量に応じて変更させる。具体的には、硫黄吸着量が多いほど、第1閾値T1および第2閾値T2を高い値に変更する。要するに、触媒温度および硫黄吸着量の両方の値に応じて改質度合いを変更させる。
以上、発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、発明は上述した実施形態に何ら制限されることなく、以下に例示するように種々変形して実施することが可能である。各実施形態で具体的に組合せが可能であることを明示している部分同士の組合せばかりではなく、特に組合せに支障が生じなければ、明示してなくとも実施形態同士を部分的に組み合せることも可能である。
Claims (8)
- 内燃機関(10)の排気に含まれるNOxを還元する還元触媒成分、および排気に含まれる硫黄成分による被毒を抑制する被毒抑制成分を含む触媒層(12b)と、前記触媒層を支持する基材(12a)とを有するNOx浄化装置(12)と、
炭化水素化合物である還元剤を部分的に酸化させて改質する改質手段(21、30)を有し、前記内燃機関の排気通路(10ex)のうち前記NOx浄化装置の上流側へ改質された還元剤を添加する還元剤添加装置(D)と、を備えるNOx浄化システムに適用されたNOx浄化システム制御装置において、
前記被毒抑制成分の活性化度合いを推定する推定手段(41a)と、
前記活性化度合いに応じて前記改質の度合いを変化させるよう、前記改質手段の作動を制御する制御手段(41b)と、
を備えることを特徴とするNOx浄化システム制御装置。 - 前記推定手段は、前記触媒層への前記硫黄成分の吸着量に基づき前記活性化度合いを推定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。
- 前記推定手段は、前記触媒層の温度に基づき前記活性化度合いを推定することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。
- 前記改質手段は、前記還元剤の酸化に用いる空気に含ませるオゾンを生成するオゾナイザ(30)を有しており、
前記制御手段は、前記推定手段により推定された活性化度合いに応じて、前記オゾナイザによるオゾン生成量を制御することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。 - 前記改質手段は、前記還元剤を加熱するヒータ(21)を有しており、
前記制御手段は、前記推定手段により推定された活性化度合いに応じて、前記ヒータによる加熱量を制御することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。 - 前記被毒抑制成分には少なくともチタニアが含まれていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。
- 前記還元触媒成分には少なくとも銀が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置。
- 前記還元剤添加装置と、請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載のNOx浄化システム制御装置(40)と、を備えることを特徴とする還元剤添加システム。
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