JP6358116B2 - オゾン供給装置 - Google Patents
オゾン供給装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6358116B2 JP6358116B2 JP2015019513A JP2015019513A JP6358116B2 JP 6358116 B2 JP6358116 B2 JP 6358116B2 JP 2015019513 A JP2015019513 A JP 2015019513A JP 2015019513 A JP2015019513 A JP 2015019513A JP 6358116 B2 JP6358116 B2 JP 6358116B2
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 199
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 102220615148 Calcyphosin_S24A_mutation Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 102220615152 Calcyphosin_S25A_mutation Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 227
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 77
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 56
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 21
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 102220471545 Single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase_S26A_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 102220465380 NF-kappa-B inhibitor beta_S23A_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102220474389 Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha_S27A_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101001115218 Homo sapiens Ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyl Chemical compound O[O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/38—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ozone (O3) generator, e.g. for adding ozone after generation of ozone from air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
図1に示す燃焼システムは、以下に詳述する内燃機関10、過給機11、NOx浄化装置12、微粒子捕集装置(DPF13)、および還元剤添加装置を備える。燃焼システムは車両に搭載されたものであり、当該車両は、内燃機関10の出力を駆動源として走行する。内燃機関10は、圧縮自着火式のディーゼルエンジンであり、燃焼に用いる燃料には、炭化水素化合物である軽油を用いている。内燃機関10は、基本的にはリーン状態で燃焼させるように作動する。つまり、燃焼室に噴射された燃料と燃焼室に吸入される空気との比率である空燃比が、空気過剰に設定された状態で燃焼(リーン燃焼)させている。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態の図3に示すステップS23〜S27の処理を、図6に示すステップS23A〜S27Aの処理に変更している。すなわち、ステップS22にて低要求の状態であると判定された場合、続くステップS23A〜S27Aの処理において、触媒に吸着されている活性酸素の量(吸着量)が所定量以上に維持されるようにオゾンを供給する。
上記第1実施形態では、図4に示すように、オゾンの過剰供給を間欠的に実施している。これに対し本実施形態では、図8に示すように、オゾンの過剰供給を連続的に継続して実施する。すなわち、低要求時には、目標オゾン量Otrgを必要量よりも所定量だけ多く設定する。これによれば、図8(c)に示すように、低要求時には、常時、必要量よりも多い量のオゾンが連続的に過剰供給される。
上記第1実施形態では、図4に示すように、オゾン吸着量が所定量TH1まで低下したことをトリガとして過剰供給を開始している。これに対し本実施形態では、図9に示すように、必要量が増加するように変化したことをトリガとして過剰供給を開始する。図9の例では、低要求の期間において、t3時点でアクセル開度が一時的に僅かに増大したことに伴い、t4時点でNOx量が一時的に僅かに増大している。これに伴い、オゾンの必要量が一時的に僅かに増大しているが、このように必要量が増大したt4時点で過剰供給を開始する。この過剰供給では、目標オゾン量Otrgを必要量よりも所定量だけ多く設定する。そして、必要量の増大が所定時間生じなかったことをトリガとして過剰供給を終了する。
上記第1実施形態では、オゾンを供給する機能を有した還元剤添加装置が、本発明に係るオゾン供給装置を提供している。これに対し本実施形態では、図1に示す反応容器20、ヒータ21および噴射弁22を廃止した装置であって、図10に示すオゾン供給装置を提供している。このオゾン供給装置は、オゾナイザ30、エアポンプ30p、送風管26、供給管23、逆止弁26vおよびECU40を備える。
以上、発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、発明は上述した実施形態に何ら制限されることなく、以下に例示するように種々変形して実施することが可能である。各実施形態で具体的に組合せが可能であることを明示している部分同士の組合せばかりではなく、特に組合せに支障が生じなければ、明示してなくとも実施形態同士を部分的に組み合せることも可能である。
Claims (7)
- 内燃機関(10)の排気通路(10ex)に配置され、排気を浄化する触媒を備えた燃焼システムに設けられ、前記排気通路のうち前記触媒の上流側へオゾンを供給して排気中の所定成分を酸化させるオゾン供給装置において、
前記内燃機関の運転状態に基づき、前記酸化に必要なオゾン量である必要量を算出する必要量算出手段(S21)と、
オゾン供給可能な最大量(Dmax)に比べて前記必要量が少ない低要求の時に、前記必要量よりも多い量のオゾンを過剰に供給することで、活性酸素を前記触媒に吸着させておく過剰供給手段(S26、S26A)と、
を備えることを特徴とするオゾン供給装置。 - 前記活性酸素の前記触媒への吸着量を推定する吸着量推定手段(S24)を備え、
前記過剰供給手段(S26)は、前記吸着量推定手段により推定された吸着量に基づき、前記吸着量が所定量以上に維持されるようにオゾンを供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオゾン供給装置。 - 前記吸着量推定手段は、前記触媒の温度に基づき前記吸着量を推定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のオゾン供給装置。
- 前記必要量が前記最大量よりも多くなる高要求の状態に変化するか否かを、前記低要求の時に予測する予測手段(S24A、S25A)を備え、
前記過剰供給手段(S26A)は、前記予測手段により前記高要求の状態に変化すると予測されたことに基づき、前記必要量よりも多い量のオゾンを過剰に供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオゾン供給装置。 - 前記過剰供給手段は、前記最大量でオゾンを供給することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のオゾン供給装置。
- 前記触媒は、排気中のNOxを吸着する機能を有していることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載のオゾン供給装置。
- 前記触媒が所定温度以下である場合に、前記過剰供給手段によるオゾンの供給を禁止させることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載のオゾン供給装置。
Priority Applications (2)
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JP2015019513A JP6358116B2 (ja) | 2015-02-03 | 2015-02-03 | オゾン供給装置 |
DE102016100754.4A DE102016100754A1 (de) | 2015-02-03 | 2016-01-18 | Ozonzuführvorrichtung |
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JP2015019513A JP6358116B2 (ja) | 2015-02-03 | 2015-02-03 | オゾン供給装置 |
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JP2016142206A JP2016142206A (ja) | 2016-08-08 |
JP6358116B2 true JP6358116B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 |
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JP6508229B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-10 | 2019-05-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置の異常診断装置 |
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JP4458070B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-22 | 2010-04-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP2008163887A (ja) | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP4715744B2 (ja) | 2006-12-28 | 2011-07-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP5600390B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-17 | 2014-10-01 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP2010180832A (ja) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-19 | Nippon Soken Inc | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2011214561A (ja) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
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