JP2016033169A - ヒトpd−1に対し特異性を有する物質 - Google Patents
ヒトpd−1に対し特異性を有する物質 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【効果】国際受託番号FERM BP−8392で識別されるハイブリドーマから産生される抗ヒトPD−1モノクローナル抗体は、ヒトPD−1およびヒトPD−1が発現している細胞の膜に存在する膜タンパクを選択的に認識し、ヒトPD−1の抑制シグナルを伝達することができ、免疫異常による疾患の治療および/または予防に有用である。
【選択図】なし
Description
1. ヒトPD−1を認識する部分、ヒトPD−1が発現している細胞膜に存在する膜タンパク質を認識する部分およびリンカーからなるヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
2. ヒトPD−1を認識する部分が、ヒトPD−1に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片である前記1に記載のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
3. ヒトPD−1が発現している細胞膜に存在する膜タンパク質を認識する部分が、その膜タンパク質に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片である前記1に記載のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
4. ヒトPD−1に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片と、ヒトPD−1が発現している細胞膜に存在する膜タンパク質に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片およびリンカーからなる前記1に記載のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
5. 膜タンパク質が、T細胞受容体複合体またはB細胞受容体複合体である前記1、3または4に記載のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
6. リンカーがペプチドである前記1または4に記載のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質、
7. ヒトPD−1に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片と、T細胞受容体複合体に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片およびリンカーからなるバイスペシフィック抗体、
8. ヒトPD−1に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片と、B細胞受容体複合体に対する抗体あるいはその部分断片およびリンカーからなるバイスペシフィック抗体、
9. リンカーがペプチドである前記7または8に記載のバイスペシフィック抗体、
10. ヒトPD−1に対する抗体を構成するポリペプチドであって、実質的に純粋な形である配列番号2に示すアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドまたはそのホモログ、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、または、そのポリペプチドの1から10個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換および/または付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド、
11. ヒトPD−1に対する抗体を構成するポリペプチドであって、実質的に純粋な形である配列番号4に示すアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドまたはそのホモログ、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、またはそのポリペプチドの1から10個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換および/または付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド、12. 前記10および11に記載のポリペプチドからなるポリペプチド複合体、
13. 実質的に純粋な形である配列番号11に示すアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドまたはそのホモログ、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、または、そのポリペプチドの1から10個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換および/または付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド、
14. 前記7乃至9のいずれかに記載のバイスペシフィック抗体であって、実質的に純粋な形である配列番号11に示すアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドまたはそのホモログ、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、または、そのポリペプチドの1から10個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換および/または付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド、
15. 前記10、11、13または14に記載のポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド、そのホモログまたはその相補鎖ポリヌクレオチド、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、
16. 配列番号1、配列番号3または配列番号9に示す塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド、そのホモログまたはその相補鎖ポリヌクレオチド、そのフラグメントまたはそのフラグメントのホモログ、
17. 前記15または16に記載のポリヌクレオチドからなる複製または発現ベクター、
18. 前記17記載の複製または発現ベクターによって形質転換された宿主細胞、
19. 前記1乃至6のいずれかに記載の物質を発現させるための条件下で前記18記載の宿主細胞を培養することからなる物質の製造方法、
20. 前記7乃至9のいずれかに記載のバイスペシフィック抗体を発現させるための条件下で前記18記載の宿主細胞を培養することからなるバイスペシフィック抗体の製造方法、
21. 前記10乃至14のいずれかに記載のポリペプチドを発現させるための条件下で前記18記載の宿主細胞を培養することからなるポリペプチドの製造方法、
22. 前記1乃至6のいずれかに記載の物質、前記7乃至9のいずれかに記載のバイスペシフィック抗体、前記12に記載のポリペプチド複合体、または前記13または14に記載のポリペプチドを、ヒトPD−1が関与する疾患の治療および/または予防に有効な量含有する薬学的組成物、
23. ヒトPD−1が関与する疾患が、神経変性疾患、自己免疫疾患、膠原病、臓器移植片拒絶反応、腫瘍および感染症からなる群から選ばれる疾患である前記22記載の薬学的組成物、
24. 神経変性疾患が、老年期痴呆、アルツハイマー病、ダウン症、パーキンソン病、クロイツフェルトヤコブ病、筋萎縮性脊髄側索硬化症、糖尿病性ニューロパシー、パーキンソン症候群、ハンチントン病、マシャドジェセフ病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症およびクロイツフェルトヤコブ病からなる群から選ばれる疾患である前記22記載の薬学的組成物、および
25. 自己免疫疾患が、糸球体腎炎、関節炎、拡張性心筋症様疾患、潰瘍性大腸炎、シェーグレン症候群、クローン病、全身性エリテマトーデス、慢性関節リウマチ、多発性硬化症、乾鮮、アレルギー性接触性皮膚炎、多発性筋炎、強皮症、結節せい動脈周囲炎、リウマチ熱、尋常性白斑、インスリン依存性糖尿病、ベーチェット病、橋本病、アジソン病、皮膚筋炎、重症筋無力症、ライター症候群、グレーブス病、悪性貧血、グッドパスチャー症候群、不妊症、慢性活動性肝炎、天疱瘡、自己免疫性血小板減少性紫斑病、自己免疫性溶血性貧血および血管炎からなる群から選ばれる疾患である前記22記載の薬学的組成物に関する。
(3)得られたハイブリドーマより、感作抗原(ヒトPD−1あるいはヒト由来の膜タンパク質)に対するモノクローナル抗体を産生する細胞をスクリーニングし、
(4)目的とする抗体産生ハイブリドーマをクローニングし、
(5)クローン化された抗体産生ハイブリドーマを増殖させ、
(6)産生された抗体を分離精製し、
(7)得られた抗ヒトPD−1抗体と抗ヒト由来膜タンパク抗体をリンカーで架橋して作製することができる。
(8)F(ab')2を得るため、更にペプシン処理をして、分離精製し、
(9)調製したそれぞれのF(ab')2を還元し、分離精製し、
(10)調製したそれぞれのFabSHをリンカーで架橋して作製することができる。
リンカーは、市販されているものを使用することができ、例えば、フェニレンジマレイミド(Phenylenedimaleimide,Aldrich社製)が入手可能である。
(11)上記の手法で作製した抗体を用い、それぞれの抗原であるヒトPD−1あるいはヒト由来の膜タンパクとの結合を適当な検出装置によって測定することによりその結合を阻害する低分子を見出し、
(12)その低分子同士あるいは抗体またはFabをリンカーによって架橋して作製することができる。
(1)感作の工程では、ヒトPD−1あるいはヒト由来の膜タンパクは感作動物に腹腔内投与あるいはフットパットに投与することが好ましい。また感作動物は、マウス、ラットなどの一般にモノクローナル抗体が得られている動物であれば特に限定されない。抗原の投与量は、例えばマウスの場合、1回につき10〜200μgを投与すれば十分である。
ミエローマ細胞はHAT培地(ヒポキサンチン、アミノプテリンおよびチミジンを含む培地)では生存できないHGPRT(ヒポキサンチン・グアニン・ホスホリボシル・トランスフェラーゼ)欠損細胞株が有用であり、さらにミエローマ細胞自身が抗体を分泌しない細胞株であることが望ましい。好適にはSP−2/0−Ag−14が用いられる。
次に、得られた細胞融合の混合物を、低細胞密度で96マイクロウェルプレートに分注し、HAT培地で培養する。1〜2週間の培養で未融合のミエローマ細胞、ミエローマ細胞同志のハイブリドーマ、さらに未融合の脾細胞、脾細胞同志のハイブリドーマは生存条件が満足されないため死滅し、脾細胞とミエローマ細胞とのハイブリドーマのみが増殖してくる。
本発明のバイスペシフィック抗体は、ヒトPD−1を特異的に認識するので、ヒトPD―1の精製および濃縮、例えばアフィニティークロマトグラフィーなどに利用することができる。
(1)抗ヒトPD−1モノクローナル抗体、抗膜タンパク質モノクローナル抗体を産生するそれぞれのハイブリドーマから抗体遺伝子を単離し、
(2)抗ヒトPD−1モノクローナル抗体遺伝子の可変領域をコードするDNAと抗膜タンパク質モノクローナル抗体遺伝子の可変領域をコードするDNAをリンカーDNAを用いて連結し、連結したDNA断片を発現ベクターに組み込み、適当な宿主細胞に導入して、
(3)適当な培養条件下で培養することによって、産生されたタンパクを分離精製して行なうことができる。
(1)の工程は、ハイブリドーマ細胞からRNAを単離し、抗体遺伝子またはその部分ペプチドをコードするcDNAを単離する工程からなる。
ハイブリドーマ細胞から全RNA(totalRNA)またはmRNAを単離する工程は、公知の方法(以下、公知の方法は特に記載がなければ Sambrook, J. 外2名著,モレキュラー・クローニング(Molecular Cloning),1989年,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory または F. M. Ausubel 外2名編,カレント・プロトコール・イン・モレキュラー・バイオロジー(Current Protocol in Molecular Biology)に記載の方法)に従って行なうことができる。
i)ペプチド合成する方法、または
ii)遺伝子組み換え技術を用いて生産する方法、
などが挙げられるが、工業的にはii)に記載した方法が好ましい。
遺伝子組み換え技術を用いてペプチドを生産するための発現系(宿主−ベクター系)としては、例えば、細菌、酵母、昆虫細胞および哺乳動物細胞の発現系が挙げられる。
G418耐性)等が挙げられる。特に、dhfr遺伝子欠損チャイニーズハムスター細胞を用いてdhfr遺伝子を選択マーカーとして使用する場合、目的遺伝子をチミジンを含まない培地によっても選択できる。また、必要に応じて、宿主に合ったシグナル配列を、本発明のタンパク質のN端末側に付加する。宿主がエシェリヒア属菌である場合は、PhoA・シグナル配列、OmpA・シグナル配列などが、宿主がバチルス属菌である場合は、α−アミラーゼ・シグナル配列、サブチリシン・シグナル配列などが、宿主が酵母である場合は、MFα・シグナル配列、SUC2・シグナル配列など、宿主が動物細胞である場合には、インシュリン・シグナル配列、α−インターフェロン・シグナル配列、抗体分子・シグナル配列などがそれぞれ利用できる。このようにして構築された本発明のタンパク質をコードするDNAを含有するベクターを用いて、形質転換体を製造することができる。
バチルス属菌を形質転換するには、例えば、モレキュラー・アンド・ジェネラル・ジェネティックス(Molecular & General Genetic),1979年,第168巻,第111号に記載の方法に従って行なうことができる。酵母を形質転換するには、例えば、Becker, DM. 外1名,メソッズ・イン・エンザイモロジー(Methods in Enzymology),1991年,第194巻,p.182〜187、プロシージングズ・オブ・ザ・ナショナル・アカデミー・オブ・サイエンシイズ・オブ・ザ・ユーエスエー(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.(USA)),1978年,第75巻,第1929号に記載の方法に従って行なうことができる。昆虫細胞または昆虫を形質転換するには、例えば、バイオ/テクノロジー(Bio/Technology),1988年,第6巻,p.47〜55に記載の方法に従って行なうことができる。動物細胞を形質転換する場合には、例えば、「細胞工学別冊8新細胞工学実験プロトコール」,秀潤社,1995年,第263 や ヴァイロロジー(Virology),1973年,第52巻,第456号 に記載の方法に従って行なうことができる。
本発明のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質は、下記の疾患の治療および/または予防に用いることである。
本発明のヒトPD−1に対し特異性を有する物質は、例えば、神経変性疾患(老年期痴呆、アルツハイマー病、ダウン症、パーキンソン病、クロイツフェルトヤコブ病、筋萎縮性脊髄側索硬化症、糖尿病性ニューロパシー、パーキンソン症候群、ハンチントン病、マシャドジェセフ病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、クロイツフェルトヤコブ病等)の疾患の治療および/または予防に有用である。
もちろん前記したように、投与量は種々の条件によって変動するので、上記投与量より少ない量で十分な場合もあるし、また範囲を越えて必要な場合もある。
経口投与のための内服用固形剤には、錠剤、丸剤、カプセル剤、散剤、顆粒剤等が含まれる。カプセル剤には、ハードカプセルおよびソフトカプセルが含まれる。
抗ヒトPD−1抗体、抗ヒトCD3抗体をそれぞれコードするDNAを取得するため、J110(識別のための表示:国際受託番号FERM PB-8392)ハイブリドーマ細胞、CD3抗体ハイブリドーマ(ATCCから分譲:ATCC Number:CRL−8001)細胞から、それぞれの全RNA(totalRNA)を調製した。調製にはSV total Isolation System(商品名:プロメガより購入)を用い、操作は添付書に従って行った。
J110ハイブリドーマcDNAライブラリーおよびCD3抗体ハイブリドーマcDNAライブラリーの作製は、Ready-To-Go You-Prime First-Strand Beads(商品名:アマシャムファルマシアより購入)を用いて、全RNA(totalRNA)からオリゴdTプライム法によりcDNAを作製した。操作および手順については、添付書に従った。
抗ヒトPD−1抗体、抗ヒトCD3抗体のそれぞれのIgG重鎖およびIgG軽鎖の可変領域のcDNAの単離は、Heavy PrimersおよびLight Primers(商品名:アマシャムファルマシアより購入)をそれぞれ用いてPCR反応によって行った。PCR反応は、最初95℃下で2分間保持し、続いて95℃下で30秒間、50℃下で30秒間、72℃下で40秒間の温度操作を30回繰り返し、最後に72℃下で5分間保持して行った。
PCR反応で増幅されたDNAをアガロースゲル電気泳動によって分離後、予測されるサイズのDNA断片を回収し、これをpGEM-T Easy Vector(商品名:プロメガより購入)に連結させた。さらに、このプラスミドで大腸菌DH5αを形質転換させた後、プラスミドを精製して、抗ヒトPD−1抗体抗のIgG重鎖(配列番号1)およびIgG軽鎖(配列番号3)、ヒトCD3抗体のIgG重鎖(配列番号5)およびIgG軽鎖(配列番号7)のそれぞれのcDNAの塩基配列を決定した。
バイスペシフィック抗体をコードするDNAは、実施例1でそれぞれ単離したcDNAを連結することによって作製した。抗ヒトPD−1抗体IgG重鎖cDNA(配列番号1)と抗ヒトCD3抗体IgG軽鎖cDNA(配列番号7)の連結は、リンカーNo.1(配列番号19)おとびNo.2(配列番号20)およびプライマーNo.1(配列番号14)およびNo.2(配列番号15)を用いたPCR反応により行ない、フラグメント1を作製した(図1)。次に、抗ヒトCD3抗体IgG重鎖cDNAと抗ヒトPD−1抗体IgG軽鎖cDNAの連結は、リンカーNo.3(配列番号21)およびNo.4(配列番号22)およびプライマーNo.3(配列番号16)およびNo.4(配列番号17)を用いたPCR反応により行ない、フラグメント2を作製した(図1)。さらに、フラグメント1とフラグメント2の連結は、リンカーNo.5(配列番号23)およびNo.6(配列番号24)およびプライマーNo.5(配列番号18)およびNo.4(配列番号22)を用いたPCR反応により行ない、フラグメント3を作製し(図1)、その塩基配列を決定した(配列番号9)。
それぞれのPCR反応は、2回に分けて行った。1回目のPCR反応は、94℃下で30秒間、40℃下で30秒間、72℃下で50秒間の温度操作を20回繰り返して行ない、2回目のPCR反応は1回目のPCR反応溶液を鋳型サンプルとして用いて、94℃下で30秒間、50℃下で30秒間、72℃下で50秒間の温度操作を30回繰り返して行った。
プライマーNo.1
5'−TTTTTTAAGCTTACAGGTCCAGCTGCAGGAGTCA−3'(配列番号14)
プライマーNo.2
5'−TTTTTTGCGGCCGCCCGGTTTATTTCCAACTTTG−3'(配列番号15)
プライマーNo.3
5'−TTTTTTAAGCTTACAGGTCCAGCTGCAGCAGTCT−3'(配列番号16)
プライマーNo.4
5'−TTTTTTGCGGCCGCCCGTTTGATTTCCAGCTTGG−3'(配列番号17)
プライマーNo.5
5'−ATGAACTGGTACCAGCAGAAG−3'(配列番号18)
リンカーNo.1
5'−AGGGACCACGGTCACCGTCTCCTCAGGTGGAGGCGGTTCACAAATTGTTCTCACCCAGTCTCCAG−3'(配列番号19)
リンカーNo.2
5'−CTGGAGACTGGGTGAGAACAATTTGTGAACCGCCTCCACCTGAGGAGACGGTGACCGTGGTCCCT−3'(配列番号20)
リンカーNo.3
5'−AGGCACCACTCTCACAGTCTCCTCAGGTGGAGGCGGTTCAGACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCAG−3'(配列番号21)
リンカーNo.4
5'−CTGGAGACTGGGTCATCTGGATGTCTGAACCGCCTCCACCTGAGGAGACTGTGAGAGTGGTGCCT−3'(配列番号22)
リンカーNo.5
5'−GGGGACAAAGTTGGAAATAAACCGGGGTGGAGGCGGTTCAGGCGGAGGTGGCTCTGGCGGTGGCGGATCGCAGGTCCAGCTGCAGCAGTCTGGGG−3'(配列番号23)
リンカーNo.6
5'−CCCCAGACTGCTGCAGCTGGACCTGCGATCCGCCACCGCCAGAGCCACCTCCGCCTGAACCGCCTCCACCCCGGTTTATTTCCAACTTTGTCCCC−3'(配列番号24)
上記方法で作製したバイスペシフィック抗体をコードするDNAを構成するDNAを発現ベクターpSecTag2/HygroA(商品名:インビトロジェンより購入)へ連結した。まず、フラグメント1およびフラグメント3のそれぞれを制限酵素HindIIIおよびKpnI、KpnIおよびNotIの組み合わせで消化し、アガロース電気泳動によって精製したDNA断片を得た。続いて、制限酵素HindIIIおよびNotIで消化、精製したpSecTag2/HygroAに連結した。最終的に、作製されたプラスミドを用いて大腸菌DH5αを形質転換させた後、これからプラスミドを抽出、精製して、バイスペシフィック抗体の発現プラスミドJ110-CD3scDb-pSec/hygroAを得た(図1)。
バイスペシフィック抗体の発現は、LipofectAMINE-plus(商品名:インビトロジェンより購入)を用いてJ110-CD3scDb-pSec/hygroAを遺伝子導入したヒト腎臓細胞株293T(ATCC Number:CRL−11268)を用いて行った。同発現ベクター遺伝子導入後4日間培養し、その培養上清を回収した。この培養上清を0.22μmPVDFフィルターで濾過滅菌し、40%PEG20000溶液中で透析して濃縮した。この濃縮した上清をHiTrap Chelating HP column(商品名:アマシャムファルマシアより購入)を用いて精製した。
バイスペシフィック抗体の細胞表面抗原(PD−1およびCD3)に対する反応性をFACScanによって確認した。
PD−1陽性・CD3陰性細胞(CD3(−)/PD−1(+)cells)とした、ヒトPD−1を強制発現させたX63細胞株およびPD−1陰性CD3陽性細胞(CD3(+)/PD−1(−)cells)としたヒト末梢血単核球細胞(以下、PBMCと略記する。
)のそれぞれに、1または10μgのバイスペシフィック抗体を添加し、一時氷上に静置した後、続いて、二次抗体を添加して氷上で30分間静止した。その後、これらをFACScanを用いて解析した。結果を図2に示す。
バイスペシフィック抗体は、PD−1およびCD3に反応することを確認した。
バイスペシフィック抗体の活性確認は、活性化ヒト末梢血T細胞の増殖反応に対する効果として評価した。
具体的には、健常人ヒト末梢血からLymphoprep Tube(商品名:HYCOMED PHARMA より購入)を用いてPBMCを調製した。操作および手順については、添付書に従った。これにより分離した細胞を溶血バッファー(0.8% NH4Cl,0.1% KCO3,1mM EDTA)に懸濁させ、赤血球を溶血させた。続いて、Nylon Fiber ColumnT(商品名:ロシュより購入)を用いて精製したT細胞を、培地(10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI1640培地)に懸濁した。
予め、5μg/mlの抗ヒトαβTCR抗体(クローン名:T10B9.1A−31、Pharmingenより購入)をコートした24ウェルプレートに、先に調製したT細胞を2×106個/ml/ウェルの割合で播種した。続いて、1μg/mlの抗ヒトCD28抗体(クローン名:CD28.2、Pharmingenより購入)を含む培地1ml添加して、60時間培養した。抗体刺激した細胞を回収し、無刺激下で12時間培養した後、予め、0.1μg/mlの抗αβTCR抗体をコートておいた96ウェルプレートに、T細胞を1×106細胞/ウェル/100μlで播き、これにバイスペシフィック抗体を1μg/ウェルで添加して培養した。48時間後に、Cell Proliferation ELISA(商品名:ロシュより購入)を用いて、BrdUの取り込みを指標として増殖を測定した。結果を図3に示す。
バイスペシフィック抗体は、活性化したヒト末梢血T細胞の増殖活性を有意に低下させた。
Claims (1)
- 国際受託番号FERM BP−8392で識別されるハイブリドーマから産生される抗ヒトPD−1モノクローナル抗体。
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US20080025979A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
JP2010229134A (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
JP2013082712A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
JP6157574B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
JP5892913B2 (ja) | 2016-03-23 |
EP1591527A1 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
EP2270051A3 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
JPWO2004072286A1 (ja) | 2006-06-01 |
ES2729974T3 (es) | 2019-11-07 |
EP2270051B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
US9783609B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
EP1591527A4 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
JP4532409B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 |
US8951518B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
US20110280878A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
US8246955B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 |
WO2004072286A1 (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
EP1591527B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
US7998479B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
US20090263865A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
US7563869B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
US20150118234A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
KR20050107399A (ko) | 2005-11-11 |
US20130164294A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
EP2270051A2 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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