JP2014527610A - 圧力制御された液化チャンバーを備える液化装置 - Google Patents
圧力制御された液化チャンバーを備える液化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/908—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by regenerative chillers, i.e. oscillating or dynamic systems, e.g. Stirling refrigerator, thermoelectric ("Peltier") or magnetic refrigeration
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- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/912—Liquefaction cycle of a low-boiling (feed) gas in a cryocooler, i.e. in a closed-loop refrigerator
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、2011年7月14日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/507,595号明細書の優先権を主張する。
気体を予冷却し、かつそれに続く段階は、気体を液化に十分な温度までさらに冷却するように適合される。さらに、典型的には前段よりも少ない表面積を備えるそれぞれの連続的な冷却段階は、いくつかのクライオクーラー段階に沿って冷却勾配をもたらす。
Claims (20)
- 液化装置において、
ある量の液化気体を貯蔵するための貯蔵部分およびそこから延在するネックを有するデュワーと、
クライオクーラーと、
少なくとも部分的に前記デュワーの前記ネック内に配置される液化チャンバーと、を備え、前記液化チャンバーが、
前記ネックの部分に沿って第1の端部から第2の端部へと延在する管状の部分であって、前記管状の部分内の前記第1の端部と第2の端部との間に液化領域を画定するある体積を有する管状の部分と、
前記管状の部分の前記第1の端部に隣接して位置付けられ、かつ前記液化領域内に延在する少なくとも1つの冷却段階を備える、前記クライオクーラーと、
前記管状の部分の前記第2の端部に配置され、かつある量の液化気体を回収するように適合される流体回収容器であって、前記デュワーの前記貯蔵部分と、それらの間に延在する導管を通して流体連通するようにさらに適合される流体回収容器とをさらに備え、
前記液化スリーブが、液化効率の増加を提供するために、1.0バールより高い前記液化領域内の液化圧力を維持するように適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。 - 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記導管に連結される絞り要素であって、前記流体回収容器と前記気体貯蔵部分との間の液化気体の流れを調整するように適合される前記絞り要素をさらに備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記ネックが、熱交換領域を画定する内側ネック表面と外側チャンバー表面との間に配置される体積をさらに備え、前記熱交換領域が、前記液化領域内に収容される気体および液体を、伝導性熱交換を通して冷却するように適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記液化領域内に配置される1つまたは複数の圧力センサーを備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記液化領域内に配置される1つまたは複数の温度計をさらに備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項5に記載の液化装置において、前記液化装置の前記液化領域内の液化条件を制御するように適合されるCPUをさらに備え、前記液化条件が液化圧力および温度を含むことを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項6に記載の液化装置において、1つまたは複数の排気弁、熱交換弁、絞り弁、または流入弁を備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項6に記載の液化装置において、前記液化チャンバーが、前記液化領域内の圧力を調節するための1つまたは複数の排気弁と、前記液化装置の前記液化領域内の圧力の動的な調整のために、前記CPUに連結される前記排気弁と、をさらに備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項6に記載の液化装置において、前記液化装置の前記貯蔵部分と前記熱交換領域との間の体積を封止するためのプレートをさらに備え、前記プレートが、前記液化スリーブの周りの対向流形熱交換を調整するために1つまたは複数の熱交換弁をさらに備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項7に記載の液化装置において、前記1つまたは複数の弁がその動的制御のために前記CPUに連結されることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記気体貯蔵部分が、前記液化気体を大気圧で貯蔵するように適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、前記液化チャンバーが、前記液化領域内の液化圧力を1.0バールと2.2バールとの間に維持するように適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の液化装置において、ある量の液化気体を前記液化装置貯蔵部分から移送するために、前記気体貯蔵部分から前記デュワーの表面上に配置されるオリフィスへと延在する流体移送ポートをさらに備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 液化装置内で効率的な気体の液化を提供する方法において、
貯蔵部分から分離した、封止された液化チャンバーを有する液化装置を提供することと、
選択された気体に対する臨界液化圧力に近い、前記液化領域内の圧力を調整することと、
流体回収容器内にある量の液化気体を回収することと、
前記液化気体を、前記液化装置の前記貯蔵部分へと、それらの間に延在する導管を通して移送することと、を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項14に記載の方法において、
前記封止された液化チャンバーを包囲する熱交換領域であって、前記熱交換領域が前記貯蔵部分から、それらの間を接続する1つまたは複数の熱交換弁を除いて、さらに封止される熱交換領域を提供することと、
前記液化領域の二次冷却のために前記1つまたは複数の熱交換弁を使用して前記熱交換領域の周りの気体の流れを調整することと、をさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 液化装置において、
少なくとも貯蔵部分から密封的に封止された液化チャンバーを収容するデュワーを備え、
前記液化チャンバーが、その臨界圧力の近くの気体の液化に対して適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。 - 請求項16に記載の液化装置において、前記デュワーの前記液化チャンバーとネックの内側表面との間に配置される熱交換領域をさらに備え、前記熱交換領域が、二次冷却を提供するために、前記液化チャンバーの周りで対向流型熱交換を提供するように適合されることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項16に記載の液化装置において、前記液化チャンバーが、ある量の気体を放出し、かつその中の圧力を低減するための1つまたは複数の排気弁を備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項16に記載の液化装置において、1つまたは複数の制御構成要素、および前記液化チャンバー内の液化圧力を監視および動的に制御するために気体流量制御に接続される、CPUを備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
- 請求項19に記載の液化装置において、前記気体流量制御が、圧力調整器と、質量流量制御器と、を備えることを特徴とする液化装置。
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