JP5891221B2 - ガス液化システム及び方法 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
- F25J1/0007—Helium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0225—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using other external refrigeration means not provided before, e.g. heat driven absorption chillers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0258—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines vertical layout of the equipments within in the cold box
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0276—Laboratory or other miniature devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/908—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by regenerative chillers, i.e. oscillating or dynamic systems, e.g. Stirling refrigerator, thermoelectric ("Peltier") or magnetic refrigeration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/60—Details about pipelines, i.e. network, for feed or product distribution
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Claims (12)
- ガスを液化するためのガス液化システム(1)であって、
ガス供給源に接続されるのに適しており前記システムへガスを提供するように構成されたガス吸気モジュール(2)と、
熱的に断熱されている容器(8)と、
前記容器(8)内にあってここから延出する少なくともひとつの首(20)を備えた少なくともひとつの内部タンク(9)と、
前記首の内部に配置され前記内部タンクに向かって配管されたコールドフィンガー部分を有する少なくともひとつの冷却コールドヘッド(18)と、
前記クライオクーラーの運転のため前記冷却コールドヘッドへ圧縮ガスを提供するように構成されたガスコンプレッサー(22)とを含み、
以下を更に含むことを特徴とする:
ガス吸気モジュールと内部タンクとの間のガス圧とガス流を動的に調整するように構成された少なくともひとつのガス圧制御メカニズム(19)、
ガス圧制御メカニズムを用いて前記システム及び前記冷却コールドヘッドの性能を制御するための少なくともひとつの制御装置(23)を含み、
前記少なくともひとつのガス圧制御メカニズム及び前記少なくともひとつの制御装置は、
前記冷却コールドヘッドの最大の冷却力を活用できる液化条件を提供するように、内部タンクの内圧を、大気圧を超え、液化されるガスの臨界圧力未満の液化圧力に維持することで、最適の液化能力まで達するように、内部タンクへのガス流及び内圧を制御できるように構成されている
ことを特徴とするガス液化システム。
- 前記ガス圧制御メカニズム(19)は、
前記ガス吸気モジュールから前記内部タンクへ流れるガスの圧力を調節できるように構成された一つ以上の圧力レギュレータ(4)、
前記圧力レギュレータからのガス容積を測定する一つ以上のマスフローメータ(5)、
一つ以上の電子制御弁(3)、
一つ以上の圧力センサー(7)、
前記圧力レギュレータ、前記マスフローメータ、前記制御バルブ及び前記圧力センサーを前記制御装置に連動させる手段、
前記少なくとも1つの制御装置からの信号と連動させて、前記前記圧力レギュレータ、前記マスフローメータ、前記制御バルブ及び前記圧力センサーを動的に構成して、前記ガス圧制御メカニズムが、前記内部タンクに入るガス圧力とガス流の調整を可能にする手段、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガス液化システム。
- 前記ガス圧制御メカニズムを経由するガスの通過を制御するように構成された弁(12, 13, 14, 15, 16)を更に含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のガス液化システム。
- 前記ガスがヘリウムである
ことを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のガス液化システム。
- 前記請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のガス液化システム(1)を利用するガス液化方法であって、以下のステップを含む:
前記ガス吸気モジュール(2)から前記ガス液化システム(1)へガスを供給するステップ、
前記制御装置を用いて前記冷却コールドヘッド(18)のパワーを調節して所望する液化速度を達成するステップ、
前記ガス圧制御メカニズム(19)及び前記制御装置(23)を使用して前記内部タンク(9)へ流入するガス流を調整して前記内部タンク(9)内部で一定の圧力を達成するステップ、
液化が行われている時間の間、前記ガス圧制御メカニズム(19)及び前記制御装置(23)により、内部タンク(9)の内部の圧力を、大気圧を超え、液化されるガスの臨界圧未満の液化圧力に維持するステップと、
前記制御装置でもって、前記冷却クールヘッド、前記内部タンクに流入するガス流、前記内部タンクの内部圧力を動的に変調するステップ、
を含むことを特徴とするガス液化方法
- 前記内部タンク(9)に入っているガスの総質量から前記内部タンク(9)の内部で液化したガスのレベルを決定するステップ、及び/又は熱力学的平衡での圧力又は温度を測定することによるガスと液体の密度を決定するステップ
を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のガス液化方法。
- 入力弁(3)を作動させて閉じ、システムへのガスのフローを防止するステップ、
前記内部タンク(9)の圧力を決定し維持するステップ、
冷却コールドヘッドのオンオフサイクルを実行し、冷却コールドヘッド段(10,11)の温度が前記内部タンク(9)の内部に存在する不純物の溶融及び昇華の温度を超えるようにし、当該不純物が前記内部タンク(9)の底部へ沈殿し落下するようにして、前記ガスが予備冷却され液化されるゾーンの浄化を行うステップ、
を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項6に記載のガス液化方法。
- 液化したガスの容積が前記内部タンク内の蒸気の量と平衡したまま無限に維持されるスタンバイモードをさらに含み、
前記スタンバイモードは、前記制御装置(23)が前記圧力制御メカニズム(19)を用いて入力弁(3)を作動させてガス液化システムへのガス吸気を閉じることで開始される
ことを特徴とする請求項5から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載のガス液化方法。
- 大気圧を超える圧力の回収ガスの直接液化を含み、
大気圧を超える圧力でガス吸気モジュール(2)を通過する前にバッファ貯蔵タンク(24)にガスを貯蔵するステップ、
前記ガス圧制御メカニズム(19)を用いて大気圧以上の圧力に前記ガス液化システムを維持するステップ
を含むことを特徴とする請求項5から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載のガス液化方法。
- 前記ガス圧制御メカニズム(19)、前記ガス吸気モジュール(2)、制御装置(23)が少なくともひとつのデータストレージ手段にあるソフトウェア/プログラムを用いて管理される
ことを特徴とする請求項5から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載のガス液化方法。
- 前記データストレージ手段は前記ソフトウェア/プログラムの実行を担当するプログラマブル装置へ接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載のガス液化方法。
- 前記ガスは、ヘリウム、窒素、酸素、水素、ネオン、からなるグループから選択されたガスである
ことを特徴とする請求項5から請求項11までのいずれか1項に記載のガス液化方法。
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ES201030658 | 2010-05-03 | ||
ESP201030658 | 2010-05-03 | ||
PCT/US2011/034842 WO2011139989A2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2011-05-02 | Gas liquefaction system and method |
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JP2013531773A JP2013531773A (ja) | 2013-08-08 |
JP2013531773A5 JP2013531773A5 (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
JP5891221B2 true JP5891221B2 (ja) | 2016-03-22 |
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EP (1) | EP2567159B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5891221B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102971593B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2617357T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011139989A2 (ja) |
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CA2841818C (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2019-03-26 | Quantum Design, Inc. | Liquefier with pressure-controlled liquefaction chamber |
JP2013144099A (ja) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-07-25 | Toshiba Corp | 磁気共鳴イメージング装置 |
CN102997614A (zh) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | 小型氦液化装置 |
US10060655B2 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2018-08-28 | Raytheon Company | Temperature control of multi-stage cryocooler with load shifting capabilities |
US10788244B2 (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2020-09-29 | Medtronic Cryocath Lp | Recovery system for N20 |
CN109074932B (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2021-07-30 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | 超导磁铁装置及超低温制冷机*** |
CA2969978C (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2019-07-02 | Universidad De Zaragoza | System and method for improving the liquefaction rate in cryocooler- based cryogen gas liquefiers |
JP6123041B1 (ja) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-04-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 磁気共鳴イメージング装置、クライオシステムの制御装置、および、クライオシステムの制御方法 |
EP3569951A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-20 | Universidad De Zaragoza | Cryocooler suitable for gas liquefaction applications, gas liquefaction system and method comprising the same |
CN110195822B (zh) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-04-02 | 江苏准信化学工程有限公司 | 一种自动控制氯气液化效率的装置及方法 |
CN112600067A (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 江苏大学 | 用于变功率低温激光器高效散热的开式液氮喷雾冷却*** |
DE102021205423B4 (de) | 2021-05-27 | 2023-09-21 | Bruker Switzerland Ag | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung und Verflüssigung von Helium und zugehöriges Verfahren |
CN116520212B (zh) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-09-08 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 应用于高压冷氦电磁阀的试验*** |
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