JP2010504625A - 新規分離膜及び前記分離膜を含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
新規分離膜及び前記分離膜を含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010504625A JP2010504625A JP2009530267A JP2009530267A JP2010504625A JP 2010504625 A JP2010504625 A JP 2010504625A JP 2009530267 A JP2009530267 A JP 2009530267A JP 2009530267 A JP2009530267 A JP 2009530267A JP 2010504625 A JP2010504625 A JP 2010504625A
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Classifications
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- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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Abstract
また、本発明は、前記分離膜の製造方法であって、多孔性基材の表面及び前記基材の気孔部の一部からなる群より選ばれた1種以上の領域に、固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機物をコートして、所定のパターンを形成する段階を含むことを特徴とする分離膜の製造方法を提供する。
Description
(a)白色:Al2O3、ZnO、ZnS、SiO2、ZrO2、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、CaO、Y2O3、TiO2、Sb2O3、BaTiO3、SrTiO3、Pb(Zr、Ti)O3 (PZT)、Pb1−XLaXZr1−yTiyO3(PLZT)等
(b)黒色:Fe3O4、(Co、Ni)O−(Cr、Fe)2O3等
(c)黄色:PbCrO4、ZnCrO4、BaCrO4、CdS、FeO(OH)nH2O、TiO2−NiO−Sb2O3、Pb(CN) 2、Ca2PbO4、Al、Fe、Sn−2PbO−Sb2O5、V−SnO2、V−ZrO2、Pr−ZrSiO4、CrSbO4又はCr2WO6−TiO2、ZrSO4 coated(被覆した)CdS又は(CdZn)S等
(d)オレンジ色:PbCrO4 PbO、PbCrO4 PbMoO4 PbSO4等
(e)褐色:Fe2O3+FeO、Fe2O3+MnO2+Mn3O4、ZnO・(Al、Cr、Fe) 2O3等
(f)赤色:Fe2O3、Pb3O4、HgS、CdS+CdSe、CdS+HgS、2Sb2S3 Sb2O3等
(g)紫色:Co3(PO4)2、Co3(PO4)2 4H2O、Co3(PO4)2 8H2O等
(h)青色:3NaAl SiO4 Na2S2、Fe4[Fe(CN6)3]nH2O、CoO nAl2O3、CoO nSnO2 mMgO(n=1.5〜3.5、m=2〜6)、Co3O4+SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+NiO+MnO、CoO−nAl2O3又は(Co、Zn)O−nAl2O3、2(Co、Zn)O・SiO2、V−ZrSiO4等
(i)緑色:Cr2O3、Cr2O(OH)4、Cu(CH3CO2)2 3CuO(AsO2)2、CoO−ZnO−MgO、(Co、Zn)O・(Al、Cr) 2O3、3CaO−Cr2O3・3SiO2、(Al、Cr) 2O3等
(j)灰色:Sb−SnO2、Co、Ni−ZrSiO4等
(k)ピンク:Mn、P−α−Al2O3、ZnO・(Al、Cr) 2O3、Cr−CaO・SnO2・SiO2、Fe−ZrSiO4、Cr、Co−CaO・SnO2・SiO2、ZrSiO4 coated(被覆した) Cd(S、Se)等
(l)蛍光色:ZnS、 Zn2SiO4、(Zn、Cd)S、CaS、SrS、CaWO4等
(m)その他:SiC(緑色及び/又は黒色)、Si3N4(白色)等
本発明の分離膜の一具体例は、多孔性基材の表面及び前記基材の気孔部の一部からなる群より選ばれた1種以上の領域上に、無機粒子含有層が含まれるもので、一例として、多孔性基材上に無機粒子がコートした形態である。
本発明の分離膜の他の具体例は、多孔性基材のような別途の支持体なしに、無機粒子が支持体及びスペーサーの役割をする自立(freestanding)形態として、前述した無機粒子が互いに物理的に連結、固定されながら、気孔構造が形成された。
アセトン100重量部当り、フッ化ポリビニリデン−クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体(PVdF−CTFE)高分子5重量部を添加した後、50℃で約12時間以上溶解させて、高分子溶液を製造した。前記高分子溶液に、可視光線領域において青色を表す無機粒子である CoAl2O4をCoAl2O4:PVdF−CTFE=80:20の重量比となるように添加した後、12時間以上ボールミール法を用いて無機粒子を破砕及び粉砕して、スラリーを製造した。このとき、前記無機粒子の粒径は400nmであった。
正極の製造
正極活物質としてLiCoO2 94wt%、導電剤としてカーボンブラック3wt%、結合剤としてPVdF 3wt%を、溶剤であるN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)に添加して、正極混合物スラリーを製造した。正極混合物スラリーを、厚さが20μmの正極集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布及び乾燥して正極を製造した後、ロールプレスを施した。
負極活物質として炭素粉末、結合剤としてPVdF、導電剤としてカーボンブラックを、それぞれ96wt%、3wt%及び1wt%として、溶剤であるNMPに添加して負極混合物スラリーを製造した。負極混合物スラリーを厚さが10μmの負極集電体である銅(Cu)薄膜に塗布及び乾燥して負極を製造した後、ロールプレスを施した。
前記製造された正極及び負極間に、前記実施例1−1の分離膜を介在させ、 スタッキング(stacking)方式により組み立てた後、これに電解液を注入してリチウム二次電池を製造した。このとき、前記電解液は、エチレンカーボネート(EC)/エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)=1:2の体積比を有する1MのLiPF6溶液を用いた。
Claims (20)
- 固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機粒子又はこれらの集合体を所定の規定に従って含むことを特徴とする、分離膜。
- 前記分離膜の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンの何れか一方又は両方が、分離膜自体又は分離膜を備える電気化学素子の出所や種類を確認できることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子が、
a)可視光線領域において固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機粒子;
b)非可視光線領域において固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機粒子;或いは、
c)特定の化学状態下において固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機粒子からなる群より選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。 - 前記無機粒子が、固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する染料などにより表面処理されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子が、Al2O3、ZnO、ZnS、SiO2、ZrO2、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、CaO、Y2O3、TiO2、Sb2O3、BaTiO3、SrTiO3、Pb(Zr、Ti)O3 (PZT)、Pb1−XLaXZr1−yTiyO3(PLZT)、Fe3O4、(Co、Ni)O−(Cr、Fe)2O3、PbCrO4、ZnCrO4、BaCrO4、CdS、FeO(OH)nH2O、TiO2−NiO−Sb2O3、Pb(CN) 2、Ca2PbO4、Al、Fe、Sn−2PbO−Sb2O5、V−SnO2、V−ZrO2、Pr−ZrSiO4、CrSbO4又はCr2WO6−TiO2、ZrSO4 coated(被覆した) CdS又は(CdZn)S、PbCrO4 PbO、PbCrO4 PbMoO4 PbSO4、Fe2O3+FeO、Fe2O3+MnO2+Mn3O4、ZnO・(Al、Cr、Fe) 2O3、Fe2O3、Pb3O4、HgS、CdS+CdSe、CdS+HgS、2Sb2S3 Sb2O3、Co3(PO4)2、Co3(PO4)2 4H2O、Co3(PO4)2 8H2O、3NaAl SiO4 Na2S2、Fe4[Fe(CN6)3]nH2O、CoO nAl2O3、CoO nSnO2 mMgO、Co3O4+SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+NiO+MnO、CoO−nAl2O3又は(Co、Zn)O−nAl2O3、2(Co、Zn)O・SiO2、V−ZrSiO4、Cr2O3、Cr2O(OH)4、Cu(CH3CO2)2 3CuO(AsO2)2、CoO−ZnO−MgO、(Co、Zn)O・(Al、Cr) 2O3、3CaO−Cr2O3・3SiO2、(Al、Cr) 2O3、Sb−SnO2、Co、Ni−ZrSiO4、Mn、P−α−Al2O3、ZnO・(Al、Cr) 2O3、Cr−CaO・SnO2・SiO2、Fe−ZrSiO4、Cr、Co−CaO・SnO2・SiO2、ZrSiO4 coated Cd(S、Se)、ZnS、Zn2SiO4、(Zn、Cd)S、CaS、SrS、CaWO4、SiC及びSi3N4からなる群より選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子のサイズが0.001μm〜10μmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子を連結及び固定できる高分子をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記高分子が、溶解度指数(solubility parameter)が15〜45MPa1/2の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の分離膜。
- 前記高分子が、フッ化ポリビニリデン−コ−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、フッ化ポリビニリデン−コ−トリクロロエチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリエチレンオキシド、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、シアノエチルプルラン、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール、シアノエチルセルロース、シアノエチルスクロース、プルラン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アクリロニトリルスチレンブタジエン共重合体及びポリイミドからなる群より選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子及び高分子の含量比が、10:90〜99:1の重量比であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の分離膜。
- 前記分離膜が、多孔性基材の表面及び前記基材の気孔部の一部からなる群より選ばれた1種以上の領域上に、前記無機粒子含有層が含まれることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記多孔性基材が、高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、リニア低密度ポリエチレン、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエステル、ポリアセタル、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリフェニレンスルファイド及びポリエチレンナフタレンからなる群より選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の分離膜。
- 前記分離膜が、前記無機粒子が互いに物理的に連結、固定されながら、これら間の空いた空間により気孔構造が形成されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子が、高分子により互いに物理的に連結、固定されることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分離膜。
- 多孔性基材の表面及び基材の気孔部の一部からなる群より選ばれた1種以上の領域に、固有の分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを有する無機物をコートして、所定のパターンを形成する段階を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜14の何れか一項に記載の分離膜の製造方法。
- 前記コーティングが、スパッタ法によることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の分離膜の製造方法。
- 所定のパターン形成後、前記多孔性基材を脱着したり、脱着後圧着する段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の分離膜の製造方法。
- 正極と、負極と、及び分離膜を備えてなる電気化学素子であって、
前記分離膜が、請求項1〜14の何れか一項に記載の分離膜であることを特徴とする、電気化学素子。 - 請求項1〜14の何れか一項に記載の分離膜を用いて、分離膜自体又は分離膜を備える電気化学素子の出所や種類を確認する、方法。
- 分光スペクトラム又は色パターンを確認できるセンサーを用いて、分離膜自体又は分離膜を備える電気化学素子の出所や種類を確認することを特徴とする、請求項19に記載の方法。
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EP2070137B1 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
US20100285371A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
KR100941264B1 (ko) | 2010-02-11 |
CN101517783B (zh) | 2014-10-08 |
US8062795B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
JP5189099B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
EP2070137A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
WO2008038971A1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
CN101517783A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
KR20080027754A (ko) | 2008-03-28 |
EP2070137A4 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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