JP2010270117A - 抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物 - Google Patents
抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
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- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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Abstract
【解決手段】可視光線または赤外線を吸収し、逆変換を通じて紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波を放出できる活性化物質、及びホスト物質を含み、活性化物質がホスト物質にドーピングされた抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物を用いて、微生物を不活性化させたり微生物の生長を抑制して、水、空気、表面での微生物学的安定性を高めることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明はまた、前記抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物または抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品に可視光または赤外線を照射して、紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波を放出させ、放出される電磁波が微生物を死滅または不活性化させたり、微生物の繁殖または生長を抑制する微生物制御方法を含む。
図3は、(Pr0.01Gd0.01Y0.98)2SiO5を含む紫外線逆変換組成物でコーティングされた表面に、通常の小型蛍光灯で可視光線を照射する場合、微生物を不活性化させることを示す。実験は、代表的な生物兵器として知られている炭疽菌(Bacillus antrasis spore)の指標微生物としてよく知られているバシラス胞子を用いて行い、前記紫外線逆変換組成物がコーティングされた表面にバシラス胞子を塗布した後乾燥させ、時間に応じて不活性化を測定した。実験では、400nm以下の光の全部を遮断する紫外線遮断フィルタを用いて可視光による影響のみを考慮した。図3において、Cサンプルは、組成物がコーティングされていない対照群であり、AとBは、紫外線逆変換組成物がコーティングされたものである。図3において、時間による微生物の不活性化はログスケール(log scale)で示し、−1は90%、−2は99%の不活性化を意味する。図3を参照すると、抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物をコーティングしたサンプル(A、B)において明らかなバシラス胞子の不活性化を確認することができた。
図5において、実験は、生物膜の生成特性と抗菌効率を定量的かつ効率良く評価する装置としてよく知られているCDC生物膜反応器(CDC biofilm reactor)に、抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物でコーティングされたクーポン(coupon)と、コーティングされていないクーポンとを貼った後、反応器の外部から可視光を照射した場合と照射していない場合の微生物の成長(生物膜)を分析した。実験において生物膜を生成する微生物としては、シュードモナス(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01)を用い、光源ソースとしては、昼光色蛍光ランプ(Daylight fluorescence lamp)に紫外線遮断フィルタを設けて可視光のみを照射するように製作されたランプを用いた。
Claims (28)
- 可視光線または赤外線を吸収し、逆変換を通じて紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波を放出できる活性化物質;及び
ホスト物質を含み、活性化物質がホスト物質にドーピングされた、
抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。 - 紫外線逆変換組成物が、結晶(crystalline)、ナノ結晶(nano−crystalline)、マイクロ結晶(micro−crystalline)、多結晶(polycrystalline)または非結晶(amorphous)状の遷移金属酸化物または遷移金属ハロゲン化物、またはこれらの組合わせを含む、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- ホスト物質がハライドである、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- ハライドが、NaGdF4、LiGdF4、KGdF4、NaLaF4、LiLaF4、KLaF4、LuF3、NaLuF4、LiLuF4、KLuF4、BaLa2F8、SrLa2F8、CaLa2F8、MgLa2F8、BaGd2F8、SrGd2F8、CaGd2F8、MgGd2F8、BaLu2F8、SrLu2F8、CaLu2F8、MgLu2F8、NaYF4、LiYF4、KYF4、BaY2F8、SrY2F8、CaY2F8及びMgY2F8からなる群から選ばれるものである、請求項3記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- ホスト物質が、NaYF4、LaF3、La2O2S、Y2O2S、YF3、没食子酸イットリウム(yttrium gallate)、YAG、GdF3、BaYF5、BaY2F8、Gd2O2S、CaWO4、Y2O3、La2O2S、Gd2O2Sからなる群から選ばれるものである、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 活性化物質が、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Ybからなる群から選ばれる希土類(rare−earth)元素中の1つ以上のイオンである、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 活性化物質が、Pr3+、Tm3+、Er3+及びGd3+からなる群から選ばれるものである、請求項6記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 可視光線または赤外線を吸収して活性化物質にエネルギーを伝達できる増感剤(sensitizer)をさらに含む、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 増感剤が、Pr、Yb、Ho、Tb、Tm、Er及びこれらの組合わせから選ばれる、請求項8記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 可視光線または赤外線を吸収し、逆変換を通じて紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波を放出でき、かつ可視光線または赤外線を吸収して活性化物質にエネルギーを伝達できる共活性化剤(coactivator)をさらに含む、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 共活性化剤(coactivator)が、Pr、Yb、Ho、Tb、Tm、Erまたはこれらの組合わせから選ばれる、請求項10記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 金属ナノ粒子をさらに含む、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 金属ナノ粒子が、Cu、Au、Agまたはこれらの組合わせを含む、請求項12記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 光により活性を有するが、紫外線放出以外のメカニズムを通じて抗微生物性を有する光増感剤(photosensitizer)をさらに含む、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 光増感剤が、反応性酸化物質(reactive oxygen species)を生成させる光触媒または半導体酸化物、ポルフィリングループ(porphyrin moieties)を含む有機物、有機金属錯体(organometallic complex)またはこれらの組合わせからなる群から選ばれるものである、請求項14記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 光触媒または半導体酸化物がTiO2またはZnOである、請求項15記載の紫外線抗微生物性逆変換組成物。
- 前記微生物が、胞子類(spores)、バクテリア、カビ(fungi)、白カビ(mildew)、糸状菌(mold)、藻類(algae)、古細菌(archaea)、原生生物(protozoa)、藻類(algae)またはウイルス(virus)である、請求項1記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物。
- 請求項1記載の紫外線逆変換組成物及び前記紫外線逆変換組成物を封止(encapsulating)するコーティングを含む抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品。
- コーティングが、紫外線逆変換組成物のうち、活性化物質、増感剤及び/又は共活性化剤が吸収及び放出する可視光線、赤外線及び/又は紫外線に対して透明または半透明な(semitransparent)物質からなる請求項18記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品。
- コーティングが、ホスト物質と同一の物質であるか、またはポリマーあるいはSiO2である請求項18記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品。
- コーティングが、可視光または赤外線の反射を抑制して、紫外線逆変換組成物に照射される可視光または赤外線の損失を減らす反射防止コーティングである、請求項18記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品。
- コーティングに共活性化剤、増感剤、金属ナノ粒子、光増感剤またはこれらの組合わせがドーピングされた、請求項18記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物または請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品に可視光または赤外線を照射して、紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波を放出させ、放出される電磁波が微生物を死滅または不活性化させたり、微生物の繁殖または生長を抑制する微生物制御方法。
- 内部、1つ以上の壁面、水導入部及び水排出部を含む水殺菌器であって、
前記壁面は、内部から水殺菌器の外部に紫外線領域の波長を有する電磁波が実質的に通過できない壁面材料を含み、
請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物または請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品が前記内部の表面に固定化され、または前記内部で浮遊する水殺菌器。 - 水殺菌器表面、または水殺菌器の内部に、可視光線の焦点を合せるための太陽光集中器をさらに含む、請求項24記載の水殺菌器。
- 可視光線及び/又は赤外線を供給できる照明を水殺菌器の内部または外部にさらに含む、請求項24記載の水殺菌器。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物または請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品を含む透明な部分を含む抗微生物性流体容器。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換組成物または請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の抗微生物性紫外線逆変換物品が表面に塗布された抗微生物性製品。
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