JP2006265667A - Carbon composite plated electric wire and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Carbon composite plated electric wire and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP2006265667A
JP2006265667A JP2005087332A JP2005087332A JP2006265667A JP 2006265667 A JP2006265667 A JP 2006265667A JP 2005087332 A JP2005087332 A JP 2005087332A JP 2005087332 A JP2005087332 A JP 2005087332A JP 2006265667 A JP2006265667 A JP 2006265667A
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carbon
carbon composite
electric wire
plating
metal core
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Tatsuo Yamaguchi
辰男 山口
Naoto Yoda
直人 依田
Susumu Arai
進 新井
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Totoku Electric Co Ltd
Shinshu University NUC
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Totoku Electric Co Ltd
Shinshu University NUC
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbon composite plated electric wire having excellent workability and handling properties after plating, and to provide a method for producing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The carbon composite plated electric wire comprises a metal core wire 11 and a carbon composite plated film 12 formed on the metal core wire 11. The carbon composite plated film may comprise carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes as a carbon material, and may comprises any one selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, chromium, gold, silver, platinum, rhodium and their alloys as plating metal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、カーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法に関し、更に詳しくは、カーボンナノファイバーを分散剤とした複合めっき電線及びその製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a carbon composite plated electric wire and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a composite plated electric wire using carbon nanofibers as a dispersant and a method for producing the same.

カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)又はカーボンナノファイバー(CNF)と呼ばれる微細炭素繊維(直径200nm以下、アスペクト比10以上)は、炭素の基本骨格(6員環)が軸方向に配列していることが特徴であり、その特徴に由来する、熱伝導性、電気伝導性、摺動特性、機械的強度等の特性に優れていることが期待でき、幅広い用途に用いられようとしている。   Fine carbon fibers (diameter 200 nm or less, aspect ratio 10 or more) called carbon nanotubes (CNT) or carbon nanofibers (CNF) are characterized in that the basic carbon skeleton (6-membered ring) is arranged in the axial direction. It can be expected to be excellent in characteristics such as thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, sliding characteristics, and mechanical strength derived from the characteristics, and is being used for a wide range of applications.

そうした用途の一つに、上記微細炭素繊維からの電界放出(field emission)が検討され、ディスプレー用材料としての有用性が注目されている。この電界放出を実現するには強電界を得る必要があるが、そのためには、エミッタ材料として先端を鋭く尖らせる必要がある。この点、微細炭素繊維は、アスペクト比が大きく、鋭い先端をもち、化学的に安定で機械的にも強靭であって、かつ高温での安定性にも優れていることから、電界放出のエミッタ材料として有用であると考えられている。   As one of such applications, field emission from the above-mentioned fine carbon fiber has been studied, and its usefulness as a display material has attracted attention. In order to realize this field emission, it is necessary to obtain a strong electric field. For this purpose, it is necessary to sharpen the tip as an emitter material. In this respect, fine carbon fibers have a large aspect ratio, have sharp tips, are chemically stable, mechanically tough, and have excellent stability at high temperatures. It is considered useful as a material.

また、発光デバイスにおける大きな面積を有する冷陰極として、微細炭素繊維を含むペーストを、基板上にスクリーン印刷法等で向きを揃えて多数本固定することが検討されている。しかし、多数本の微細炭素繊維を基板上に向きを揃えて固定するのは、スクリーン印刷法等によっては必ずしも容易ではなかった。   In addition, as a cold cathode having a large area in a light-emitting device, it has been studied to fix a large number of pastes containing fine carbon fibers on a substrate in the same direction by a screen printing method or the like. However, it is not always easy to fix a large number of fine carbon fibers on the substrate in the same direction, depending on the screen printing method or the like.

例えば、印刷に使用する微細炭素繊維を含むペーストは、導電性を付与する低融点金属の粉末と有機溶剤とを混合して作製されている。そして、そのペーストを印刷した後、150℃・30分程度の乾燥工程にて余分な有機溶剤成分を揮発させ、その後、ピーク温度500〜850℃×10分程度の焼成工程を行うことによって、微細炭素繊維を基板上に固着させ、導電性を確保している。しかしながら、微細炭素繊維はカーボンであるため、焼成時の高温により分解してしまうという問題がある。   For example, a paste containing fine carbon fibers used for printing is prepared by mixing a low-melting-point metal powder that imparts conductivity and an organic solvent. And after printing the paste, the excess organic solvent component is volatilized in a drying process of about 150 ° C. for about 30 minutes, and then a fine baking process is performed at a peak temperature of about 500 to 850 ° C. for about 10 minutes. Carbon fibers are fixed on the substrate to ensure conductivity. However, since the fine carbon fiber is carbon, there is a problem that it decomposes at a high temperature during firing.

こうした中、下記特許文献1では、いわゆる分散めっきによって金属中に微細炭素繊維又はその誘導体を混入させることのできるめっき構造物及びその製造方法が提案され、そのめっき工程中において、微細炭素繊維を起立させた状態でめっき皮膜に固定し、多数の電界放出端を有する電界放出素子(エミッタ)を容易に形成できると報告されている。
特開2004−156074号公報
Under these circumstances, Patent Document 1 below proposes a plating structure in which fine carbon fibers or derivatives thereof can be mixed into a metal by so-called dispersion plating, and a method for manufacturing the same. In the plating process, the fine carbon fibers are erected. It has been reported that a field emission element (emitter) having a large number of field emission ends can be easily formed by fixing to a plating film in a state where it is left.
JP 2004-156074 A

本発明は、上述した電界放出素子として応用可能で、量産性に優れ、めっき後においては加工性及びハンドリング性に優れたカーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。なお、特に電界放出特性に優れたカーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon composite plated electric wire that can be applied as the above-described field emission device, has excellent mass productivity, and has excellent workability and handling properties after plating, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbon composite plated electric wire particularly excellent in field emission characteristics and a manufacturing method thereof.

上記目的を達成するための本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線は、金属芯線と、当該金属芯線上に形成されたカーボン複合めっき皮膜とを有することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a carbon composite plated electric wire according to the present invention has a metal core wire and a carbon composite plated film formed on the metal core wire.

この発明によれば、カーボン複合めっき皮膜を金属芯線上に形成したので、得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、電界放出素子として応用可能で、量産性に優れ、加工性及びハンドリング性に優れたものとなる。特に本発明は、電線上にカーボン複合めっき皮膜が形成されているので、カーボン(微細炭素繊維)の先端が電線の周り360°の方向に放射状に向くように配置させることができる。その結果、電界放出特性をより一層向上させることができるという利点がある。   According to this invention, since the carbon composite plating film is formed on the metal core wire, the obtained carbon composite plating electric wire can be applied as a field emission device, has excellent mass productivity, and has excellent workability and handling properties. It becomes. In particular, in the present invention, since the carbon composite plating film is formed on the electric wire, the tip of carbon (fine carbon fiber) can be arranged so as to be radially directed around the electric wire in a direction of 360 °. As a result, there is an advantage that the field emission characteristics can be further improved.

本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線において、前記カーボン複合めっき皮膜は、カーボン材料として、カーボンファイバー又はカーボンナノチューブを含有してもよいし、めっき金属として、銅、ニッケル、鉄、クロム、金、銀、白金、ロジウム、及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかを含有してもよい。   In the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, the carbon composite plated film may contain carbon fiber or carbon nanotube as a carbon material, and copper, nickel, iron, chromium, gold, silver, platinum as a plating metal. , Rhodium, and alloys thereof may be included.

本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線において、前記金属芯線は、銅、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、ステンレス鋼、タングステン、モリブデン、チタン、白金及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかの材料とすることができる。   In the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, the metal core wire can be any material selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, stainless steel, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, platinum, and alloys thereof. .

上記目的を達成するための本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法は、めっき液中にカーボン材料を分散させた状態で金属芯線に給電してカーボン複合めっき皮膜を形成することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention is characterized in that a carbon composite plating film is formed by supplying power to a metal core wire in a state where a carbon material is dispersed in a plating solution.

本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法によれば、カーボン複合めっき皮膜を金属芯線上に形成したので、得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、電界放出素子として応用可能で、量産性に優れ、加工性及びハンドリング性に優れたものとなる。   According to the carbon composite plated electric wire and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention, since the carbon composite plated film is formed on the metal core wire, the obtained carbon composite plated electric wire can be applied as a field emission device, and is excellent in mass productivity. Excellent workability and handling.

特に本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線は、長尺の電線を芯線としているので、連続生産が容易で生産性がよいと共に、ほぼエンドレスに製造することができ、コスト的にも有利である。   In particular, since the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention uses a long electric wire as a core wire, continuous production is easy and productivity is good, and it can be manufactured almost endlessly, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

さらに本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線は、金属芯線上にカーボン複合めっき皮膜が形成されているので、カーボン(微細炭素繊維)の先端が電線の周り360°の方向に放射状に向くように配置させることができる。その結果、低い電界閾値で電子が放出することになり、電流密度を大きくして大電流を流すことができるので、電界放出特性をより一層向上させることができる。   Further, since the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention has a carbon composite plated film formed on the metal core wire, the carbon (fine carbon fiber) tip is arranged so that the tip of the carbon (fine carbon fiber) is radially oriented around 360 °. Can do. As a result, electrons are emitted at a low electric field threshold, and a large current can be flowed by increasing the current density, so that the field emission characteristics can be further improved.

また、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法によれば、金属芯線の外周上にカーボン複合めっきを施すので、被めっき材の形状による電流密度のばらつきが無く、その結果、被めっき材である金属芯線に対して均一な電圧(電場)がかかる。その結果、金属芯線の円周上に均一な厚さでめっき皮膜を形成できると共に、円周上に均一な含有量でカーボンを含有させることができる。こうして得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、360°の円周上に均一な含有量でカーボンが含有しているので、電界放出特性を極めて安定させることができる。   Further, according to the method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, since carbon composite plating is performed on the outer periphery of the metal core wire, there is no variation in current density due to the shape of the material to be plated, and as a result, the material to be plated. A uniform voltage (electric field) is applied to the metal core wire. As a result, a plating film can be formed with a uniform thickness on the circumference of the metal core wire, and carbon can be contained with a uniform content on the circumference. Since the carbon composite plated electric wire thus obtained contains carbon with a uniform content on the circumference of 360 °, the field emission characteristics can be extremely stabilized.

また、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法によれば、平板にめっきしたものとは異なり、めっき条件(カーボン材料の含有量、電流密度、等々)を容易に変化させることができ、そうしためっき条件の変化によっても、360°の円周上のカーボン材料の含有量のバラツキやめっき厚のバラツキを極めて小さくすることができるという利点がある。   In addition, according to the method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, unlike plating on a flat plate, plating conditions (carbon material content, current density, etc.) can be easily changed. Even if the conditions change, there is an advantage that the variation in the content of the carbon material on the circumference of 360 ° and the variation in the plating thickness can be extremely reduced.

以下、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the carbon composite plating electric wire of the present invention and its manufacturing method are explained, referring to drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

(カーボン複合めっき電線)
図1は、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の一例を示す模式的な断面図であり、(A)は全体断面図であり、(B)は部分断面図である。本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線10は、金属芯線11と、その金属芯線11上に形成されたカーボン複合めっき皮膜12とを有している。
(Carbon composite plated wire)
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, (A) is an overall cross-sectional view, and (B) is a partial cross-sectional view. The carbon composite plated electric wire 10 of the present invention has a metal core wire 11 and a carbon composite plating film 12 formed on the metal core wire 11.

金属芯線11は、各種の金属芯線を用いることができ、その材質としては、例えば、銅、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、ステンレス鋼、タングステン、モリブデン、チタン、白金及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかの材料を挙げることができる。いずれの材質を選択するかは、それぞれの特徴を考慮して選択され、例えば、導電性、耐食性、強度、等を考慮して選択される。金属芯線11の直径も特に限定されないが、50μm程度の細線から2mm程度の太線まで、広い範囲の金属芯線を適用可能である。   Various metal core wires can be used for the metal core wire 11, and the material thereof is any one selected from the group of copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, stainless steel, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, platinum, and alloys thereof. These materials can be mentioned. Which material is selected is selected in consideration of each characteristic, for example, in consideration of conductivity, corrosion resistance, strength, and the like. The diameter of the metal core wire 11 is not particularly limited, but a wide range of metal core wires from a thin wire of about 50 μm to a thick wire of about 2 mm can be applied.

カーボン複合めっき皮膜12は、カーボン材料13を含有する分散めっき皮膜である。このめっき皮膜を構成するめっき金属としては、銅、ニッケル、鉄、クロム、金、銀、白金、ロジウム、及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかを挙げることができる。いずれの材質を選択するかは、それぞれの特徴を考慮して選択され、例えば、導電性、耐食性、強度、等を考慮して選択される。   The carbon composite plating film 12 is a dispersion plating film containing a carbon material 13. Examples of the plating metal constituting the plating film include any one selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, chromium, gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, and alloys thereof. Which material is selected is selected in consideration of each characteristic, for example, in consideration of conductivity, corrosion resistance, strength, and the like.

めっき金属中に含有されるカーボン材料13としては、カーボンファイバー及びカーボンナノチューブを挙げることができる。本発明においては、各種のカーボン材料がめっき金属中に均一に分散されている。これらのカーボン材料13は、熱伝導性、導電性、強度、摺動性(潤滑性)、復元力(反発力)等に優れており、また、化学的に安定で比表面積が小さく、吸着水分量も極めて小さいという特徴がある。本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線10は、こうした特徴を有するカーボン材料13を含む分散めっき皮膜12を金属芯線11上に有するので、電界放出素子に適用した場合には、強い電場をかけなくとも高効率に大量の電子を放出させることができると共に、長期間の使用に耐えることができ、安定であるという利点がある。   Examples of the carbon material 13 contained in the plating metal include carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes. In the present invention, various carbon materials are uniformly dispersed in the plated metal. These carbon materials 13 are excellent in thermal conductivity, conductivity, strength, slidability (lubricity), restoring force (repulsive force), etc., and are chemically stable and have a small specific surface area, adsorbed moisture. The amount is also very small. Since the carbon composite plated electric wire 10 of the present invention has the dispersion plating film 12 including the carbon material 13 having such characteristics on the metal core wire 11, when applied to a field emission device, it has high efficiency without applying a strong electric field. Can emit a large amount of electrons, can withstand long-term use, and is stable.

カーボン複合めっき皮膜12の厚さは、主に金属芯線11の直径との関係で決定され特に限定されないが、通常金属芯線の直径の1%〜30%程度の厚さであることが好ましい。なお、電鋳のように厚く付けることも可能であり、最大数十mm(10mm程度)でめっきすることもできる。   Although the thickness of the carbon composite plating film 12 is mainly determined by the relationship with the diameter of the metal core wire 11 and is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably about 1% to 30% of the diameter of the metal core wire. In addition, it can be applied thickly as in electroforming, and plating can be performed with a maximum of several tens of mm (about 10 mm).

なお、カーボンファイバーをカーボン材料13として用いた場合、そのカーボンファイバーがめっき金属中で「立つ」ように、放射状に含有させることができる。   In addition, when carbon fiber is used as the carbon material 13, it can be contained radially so that the carbon fiber "stands" in the plated metal.

すなわち、本発明においては、被めっき材が円形断面を有する金属芯線であるので、カーボンファイバーの先端が電線の周り360°の方向に放射状に向くように配置させることができる。その結果、電界放出のエミッタ材料のような電界放出素子として適用すれば、めっき皮膜表面から飛び出しているカーボンファイバーの尖った先端が、電界放出のエミッタ材料となるので、電界放出素子として好ましく適用することが可能であると共に、その電界放出特性をより一層向上させることができるという利点がある。めっき電線表面のカーボン材料は、放射状に配置する傾向にあるので、平板状の電極よりも電子が放出し易いといメリットがある。   That is, in the present invention, since the material to be plated is a metal core wire having a circular cross section, the tip of the carbon fiber can be arranged so as to be directed radially in the direction of 360 ° around the electric wire. As a result, when applied as a field emission device such as a field emission emitter material, the sharp tip of the carbon fiber protruding from the surface of the plating film becomes a field emission emitter material, which is preferably applied as a field emission device. There is an advantage that the field emission characteristics can be further improved. Since the carbon material on the surface of the plated electric wire tends to be arranged radially, there is an advantage that electrons are more easily emitted than a flat electrode.

また、電線表面から放射状にかつ高密度にカーボンが固着されているので、このカーボン複合めっき電線の表面に電場を印加すると、電子を電線内に閉じ込めている表面のポテンシャル障壁が低くかつ薄くなり、電子がトンネル効果により真空中に放出される現象(いわゆる電界放出)が容易に発生する。この点は、カーボン複合めっき皮膜が形成されていない従来タイプの電線を加熱した熱放出型電子源(熱陰極)では、加熱するために多くの電力が必要となるのとは対照的である。   In addition, since carbon is fixed radially and densely from the surface of the electric wire, when an electric field is applied to the surface of this carbon composite plated electric wire, the potential barrier on the surface confining electrons in the electric wire becomes low and thin, A phenomenon (so-called field emission) in which electrons are emitted into the vacuum by the tunnel effect easily occurs. This is in contrast to the heat emission type electron source (hot cathode) in which a conventional electric wire in which a carbon composite plating film is not formed is heated, which requires a lot of electric power for heating.

また、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線は、広い温度範囲(常温域)で安定した電界放出特性が得られるので、省電力・長寿命・高輝度な冷陰極型蛍光表示管用フィラメントとして利用できる。   In addition, the carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention can be used as a filament for a cold cathode fluorescent display tube with low power consumption, long life, and high brightness because stable field emission characteristics can be obtained in a wide temperature range (normal temperature range).

(カーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法)
本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法は、めっき液中にカーボン材料を分散させた状態で金属芯線に給電してカーボン複合めっき皮膜を形成することを特徴とする。
(Method for producing carbon composite plated electric wire)
The method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention is characterized in that a carbon composite plating film is formed by supplying power to a metal core wire in a state where a carbon material is dispersed in a plating solution.

めっき液としては、通常、上述しためっき金属の無機塩と、支持電解質と、カーボン材料とを少なくとも有する分散めっき液が用いられる。このめっき液には、必要に応じて、界面活性剤、光沢剤、塩素成分等の各種の添加剤が含有される。特に本発明のような分散めっきは、多少の撥水性を有するカーボン材料をめっき液中で均一に分散させておくことが重要であるので、界面活性剤を添加することが好ましい。めっき液中へのカーボン材料の分散量は、めっき液の性質やめっき皮膜中に含有させとうよする量によって任意に設定されるが、通常、2〜10g/Lの範囲内で分散させることが好ましい。   As the plating solution, a dispersion plating solution having at least the above-described inorganic salt of a plating metal, a supporting electrolyte, and a carbon material is usually used. The plating solution contains various additives such as a surfactant, a brightener, and a chlorine component as necessary. In particular, in the dispersion plating as in the present invention, it is important to uniformly disperse a carbon material having some water repellency in the plating solution. Therefore, it is preferable to add a surfactant. The amount of carbon material dispersed in the plating solution is arbitrarily set depending on the properties of the plating solution and the amount to be contained in the plating film, but it is usually dispersed within a range of 2 to 10 g / L. preferable.

めっきは、予め所定の寸法に線引き加工された金属芯線を前処理し、めっき液中のカーボン材料を分散させた状態でその金属芯線に給電して行われる。金属芯線への前処理としては、金属一般に対して行われる前処理であればよく、特に限定されない。めっきは、電気めっきであっても無電解めっきであっても構わないが、無電解めっきの場合には還元剤を含有する。めっき条件についても、カーボン材料の含有量や、得られためっき金属の物性(硬さ、強度、耐食性)を考慮して任意の条件が設定される。そうした条件としては、例えば、電流密度、液温、撹拌強度等を挙げることができる。めっき後のカーボン複合めっき電線は、各種の洗浄工程を経て得ることができる。   Plating is performed by pre-treating a metal core wire that has been previously drawn to a predetermined size and supplying power to the metal core wire in a state in which the carbon material in the plating solution is dispersed. The pretreatment for the metal core wire is not particularly limited as long as it is a pretreatment performed on general metals. The plating may be electroplating or electroless plating, but in the case of electroless plating, it contains a reducing agent. As for the plating conditions, arbitrary conditions are set in consideration of the content of the carbon material and the physical properties (hardness, strength, corrosion resistance) of the obtained plated metal. Examples of such conditions include current density, liquid temperature, and stirring intensity. The carbon composite plated electric wire after plating can be obtained through various washing steps.

なお、必要に応じてアニールを施してもよいし、逆電解を印加したり、材料によっては化成処理を施すこともできる。また、金属芯線の変更にも容易に対応可能であり、用途により極細線から太い線材まで容易に製造することができる。   Note that annealing may be performed as necessary, reverse electrolysis may be applied, or chemical conversion treatment may be performed depending on the material. Moreover, it can respond easily to the change of the metal core wire, and it can be easily manufactured from a fine wire to a thick wire depending on the application.

めっき装置については特に限定されないが、連続生産可能なめっき装置であることが好ましい。例えば、めっき液循環タンクを備えたオーバーフロー型のめっき槽を好ましく用いることができる。こうしためっき槽は、分散材料であるカーボン材料の撹拌効果もあり、めっき槽中で均一に分散させることができると共に、めっき液循環タンクにカーボン材料を容易に補給することができる。なお、電解脱脂や酸洗い等の前処理工程や後処理工程についても、オーバーフロー型の処理槽とすることが便利である。   Although it does not specifically limit about a plating apparatus, It is preferable that it is a plating apparatus which can be continuously produced. For example, an overflow type plating tank provided with a plating solution circulation tank can be preferably used. Such a plating tank also has an agitation effect of the carbon material, which is a dispersion material, and can be uniformly dispersed in the plating tank, and the carbon material can be easily replenished to the plating solution circulation tank. In addition, it is convenient to set it as an overflow type processing tank also about pre-processing processes and post-processing processes, such as electrolytic degreasing and pickling.

以上説明したように、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線及びその製造方法によれば、カーボン複合めっき皮膜を金属芯線上に形成したので、得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、電界放出素子として応用可能で、量産性に優れ、加工性及びハンドリング性に優れたものとなる。   As described above, according to the carbon composite plated electric wire and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention, since the carbon composite plated film is formed on the metal core wire, the obtained carbon composite plated electric wire can be applied as a field emission device. It is excellent in mass productivity and excellent in workability and handling properties.

また、本発明においては、長尺の電線を芯線としているので、連続生産が容易で生産性がよいと共に、ほぼエンドレスに製造することができ、コスト的にも有利である。また、オーバーフローによるめっき槽を金属芯線を連続して走らせることができるので、そのオーバーフローにより、めっき液中のカーボンの分散状態を常に均一にすることができる。しかも、連続製造中に徐々に減少するめっき液中のカーボン量の補給が容易である。具体的には、オーバーフローするめっき槽にめっき液を供給するためのめっき液循環タンクに補給することができる。   Further, in the present invention, since a long electric wire is used as a core wire, continuous production is easy and productivity is good, and it can be manufactured almost endlessly, which is advantageous in terms of cost. Moreover, since the metal core wire can be continuously run in the plating tank by overflow, the dispersion state of carbon in the plating solution can always be made uniform by the overflow. Moreover, it is easy to replenish the amount of carbon in the plating solution that gradually decreases during continuous production. Specifically, the plating solution circulation tank for supplying the plating solution to the overflowing plating tank can be replenished.

また、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法によれば、金属芯線の外周上にカーボン複合めっきを施すので、被めっき材の形状による電流密度のばらつきが無く、その結果、被めっき材である金属芯線に対して均一な電圧(電場)がかかるので、金属芯線の円周上に均一な厚さでめっき皮膜を形成できると共に、円周上に均一な含有量でカーボンを含有させることができる。こうして得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、360°の円周上に均一な含有量でカーボンが含有しているので、電界放出特性を極めて安定させることができる。   Further, according to the method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, since carbon composite plating is performed on the outer periphery of the metal core wire, there is no variation in current density due to the shape of the material to be plated, and as a result, the material to be plated. Since a uniform voltage (electric field) is applied to the metal core wire, a plating film can be formed with a uniform thickness on the circumference of the metal core wire, and carbon can be contained with a uniform content on the circumference. . Since the carbon composite plated electric wire thus obtained contains carbon with a uniform content on the circumference of 360 °, the field emission characteristics can be extremely stabilized.

また、本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法によれば、平板にめっきしたものとは異なり、めっき条件(カーボン材料の含有量、電流密度、等々)を容易に変化させることができ、そうしためっき条件の変化によっても、360°の円周上のカーボン材料の含有量のバラツキやめっき厚のバラツキを極めて小さくすることができるという利点がある。   In addition, according to the method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention, unlike plating on a flat plate, plating conditions (carbon material content, current density, etc.) can be easily changed. Even if the conditions change, there is an advantage that the variation in the content of the carbon material on the circumference of 360 ° and the variation in the plating thickness can be extremely reduced.

以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to a following example.

(実施例1)
分散めっき液として、硫酸銅220g/L、硫酸55g/L、塩酸50mg/L、カーボン材料(昭和電工株式会社、気相法炭素繊維、商品名:VGCF、繊維径150nm、繊維長10〜20μm)10g/L、界面活性剤(和光純薬工業株式会社、商品名:PA5000)0.14g/Lを含有するものを用いた。金属芯線は、直径0.085mmの銅線を用い、その銅線を電解脱脂、酸洗いした後、上記のめっき液に供して分散めっきを行った。めっき条件は、陽極として含リン銅を用い、電流密度4A/dm、電気量10C/cm、液温30℃、スターラー撹拌(強)の条件とし、厚さ3.5μmとなるまでめっきした。めっき後は、水洗、超音波洗浄、アルコール洗浄等を行った後に乾燥させて、実施例1のカーボン複合めっき電線を作製した。
Example 1
As a dispersion plating solution, copper sulfate 220 g / L, sulfuric acid 55 g / L, hydrochloric acid 50 mg / L, carbon material (Showa Denko KK, vapor grown carbon fiber, trade name: VGCF, fiber diameter 150 nm, fiber length 10 to 20 μm) 10 g / L and a surfactant (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name: PA5000) containing 0.14 g / L were used. As the metal core wire, a copper wire having a diameter of 0.085 mm was used. The copper wire was electrolytically degreased and pickled, and then subjected to dispersion plating using the above plating solution. Plating was carried out using phosphorous copper as an anode, with a current density of 4 A / dm 2 , an electric quantity of 10 C / cm 2 , a liquid temperature of 30 ° C., and a stirrer stirring (strong), and plating was performed until the thickness reached 3.5 μm. . After plating, water washing, ultrasonic washing, alcohol washing, and the like were performed and then dried to produce a carbon composite plated electric wire of Example 1.

(実施例2)
めっき液中のカーボン材料を5g/Lに変更した他は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2のカーボン複合めっき電線を作製した。
(Example 2)
A carbon composite plated electric wire of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the carbon material in the plating solution was changed to 5 g / L.

(実施例3)
めっき液中のカーボン材料を2g/Lに変更した他は実施例1と同様にして、実施例3のカーボン複合めっき電線を作製した。
(Example 3)
A carbon composite plated electric wire of Example 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the carbon material in the plating solution was changed to 2 g / L.

(結果)
図2は、得られたカーボン複合めっき電線の表面写真である。上段は2000倍での写真であり、下段は750倍での写真である。めっき皮膜中にカーボンファイバーが含有しているのが確認された。
(result)
FIG. 2 is a surface photograph of the obtained carbon composite plated electric wire. The upper row is a photograph at 2000 times, and the lower row is a photograph at 750 times. It was confirmed that carbon fiber contained in the plating film.

また、実施例1〜3で得られたカーボン複合めっき電線について、電子放出特性を測定した。図3は、電子放出特性の測定方法を示す概略図であり、図3(A)はここで使用した測定方法の模式図であり、図3(B)は従来型の平板サンプルを測定する場合の参考模式図である。ここでは、図3(A)に示したように、内径2.0mmの円筒状電極31の中心に、得られたカーボン複合めっき電線10を配置して、真空チャンバー内で測定した。このとき用いたサンプルは、長さ20mmで直径0.092mmであり、放出面積は0.058cmであった。また、電極間距離は約1mmであり、到達真空度を5.2×10−5Paとした。その結果を図4に示す。ターンオン電界(電界閾値)は約0.7V/μmであった。 Moreover, the electron emission characteristic was measured about the carbon composite plating electric wire obtained in Examples 1-3. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a method for measuring electron emission characteristics, FIG. 3 (A) is a schematic diagram of the measurement method used here, and FIG. 3 (B) is a case of measuring a conventional flat plate sample. It is a reference schematic diagram. Here, as shown in FIG. 3A, the obtained carbon composite plated electric wire 10 was placed at the center of the cylindrical electrode 31 having an inner diameter of 2.0 mm, and measurement was performed in a vacuum chamber. The sample used at this time had a length of 20 mm, a diameter of 0.092 mm, and a discharge area of 0.058 cm 2 . The distance between the electrodes was about 1 mm, and the ultimate vacuum was 5.2 × 10 −5 Pa. The result is shown in FIG. The turn-on electric field (electric field threshold) was about 0.7 V / μm.

さらに得られたカーボン複合めっき電線は、カーボン(微細炭素繊維)の先端が電線の周り360°の方向に放射状に向くように配置しているので、低い電界閾値で電子が放出することになり、電流密度を大きくして大電流を流すことができる。その結果、電界放出特性をより一層向上させることが可能となる。   Furthermore, since the carbon composite plated electric wire obtained is arranged so that the tip of carbon (fine carbon fiber) is directed radially in the direction of 360 ° around the electric wire, electrons are emitted at a low electric field threshold, A large current can be passed by increasing the current density. As a result, the field emission characteristics can be further improved.

電界放出に適したカーボンナノチューブは、直径が数ナノメートルと細いほど電子放出し易いといわれている。従来、多層カーボンナノチューブ(繊維径約10nm)を用いた電界放出素子の電子放出における電界閾値は約3/μm程度であった。また、極細カーボンナノチューブ(繊維径約2nm)を用いた電界放出素子の電子放出における電界閾値が約1V/μm程度であった。こうした従来のものに対し、本発明に係る実施例1のカーボン複合めっき電線は、繊維径150nmという太いカーボン材料を用いているにも拘らず、電界閾値が約0.7V/μmという非常に高い電子放出性を示していた。   It is said that carbon nanotubes suitable for field emission are more likely to emit electrons when the diameter is as thin as several nanometers. Conventionally, the field threshold for electron emission of a field emission device using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fiber diameter: about 10 nm) has been about 3 / μm. In addition, the field threshold value for electron emission of the field emission device using ultrafine carbon nanotubes (fiber diameter: about 2 nm) was about 1 V / μm. In contrast to the conventional one, the carbon composite plated electric wire of Example 1 according to the present invention has a very high electric field threshold of about 0.7 V / μm despite using a thick carbon material having a fiber diameter of 150 nm. It showed electron-emitting properties.

こうした本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線は、広い温度範囲(常温域)で安定した電界放出を実現可能であると共に、放出された電子を蛍光体に衝突させることで、省電力・長寿命・高輝度な冷陰極の蛍光表示管のフィラメントとしての利用が可能である。   Such a carbon composite plated electric wire of the present invention can realize stable field emission in a wide temperature range (normal temperature range), and also makes the emitted electrons collide with a phosphor, thereby saving power, long life, and high brightness. It can be used as a filament for a fluorescent display tube of a cold cathode.

本発明のカーボン複合めっき電線の一例を示す模式的な断面図であり、(A)は全体断面図であり、(B)は部分断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of the carbon composite plating electric wire of this invention, (A) is a whole sectional view, (B) is a fragmentary sectional view. 得られたカーボン複合めっき電線の表面写真である。It is a surface photograph of the obtained carbon composite plating electric wire. 電子放出特性の測定方法を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the measuring method of an electron emission characteristic. 電界電子放出特性を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows a field electron emission characteristic.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 カーボン複合めっき電線
11 金属芯線
12 カーボン複合めっき皮膜
13 カーボン材料
31 円筒形電極
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Carbon composite plating electric wire 11 Metal core wire 12 Carbon composite plating film 13 Carbon material 31 Cylindrical electrode

Claims (5)

金属芯線と、当該金属芯線上に形成されたカーボン複合めっき皮膜とを有することを特徴とするカーボン複合めっき電線。   A carbon composite plated electric wire comprising a metal core wire and a carbon composite plating film formed on the metal core wire. 前記カーボン複合めっき皮膜は、カーボンファイバー又はカーボンナノチューブを含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカーボン複合めっき電線。   The carbon composite plating electric wire according to claim 1, wherein the carbon composite plating film contains carbon fiber or carbon nanotube. 前記カーボン複合めっき皮膜は、銅、ニッケル、鉄、クロム、金、銀、白金、ロジウム及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかを含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のカーボン複合めっき電線。   3. The carbon according to claim 1, wherein the carbon composite plating film contains any one selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, chromium, gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, and alloys thereof. Composite plated wire. 前記金属芯線は、銅、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、ステンレス鋼、タングステン、モリブデン、チタン、白金及びそれらの合金の群から選ばれるいずれかの材料であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のカーボン複合めっき電線。   The metal core wire is any one material selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, stainless steel, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, platinum, and alloys thereof. The carbon composite plating electric wire of crab. めっき液中にカーボン材料を分散させた状態で金属芯線に給電してカーボン複合めっき皮膜を形成することを特徴とするカーボン複合めっき電線の製造方法。   A method for producing a carbon composite plated electric wire, comprising forming a carbon composite plating film by supplying power to a metal core wire in a state where a carbon material is dispersed in a plating solution.
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