JP2006235632A - エレクトロクロミックデバイスおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F2001/1502—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect complementary cell
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Abstract
【解決手段】 完全にインターカレーションされた状態で高い透過率を与え、長期に亘って安定した能力を有する、タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物とリチウムとを含む相補型のアノードのカウンタ電極層を備えた、加熱処理されたエレクトロクロミックデバイスを提供する。タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物を含む相補型のアノードのカウンタ電極を備えたエレクトロクロミックデバイスの製造方法も提供する。
【選択図】 図2
Description
22 電源
24、26 伝導層
28 カウンタ電極
30 エレクトロクロミック層
32 イオン伝導層
34 基板
Claims (47)
- a)カソードのエレクトロクロミック層またはアノードのカウンタ電極層の一方を含む第一の電極と、
b)前記エレクトロクロミック層または前記アノードのカウンタ電極層の他方を含む第二の電極と、
c)前記第一の電極と第二の電極との間にイオンを伝導させるためのイオン伝導層と、
d)第一の伝導層と、
e)第二の伝導層と
を備えた加熱処理されたエレクトロクロミックデバイスであって、
前記第一および第二の電極ならびに前記イオン伝導層が、前記第一の伝導層と前記第二の伝導層との間にはさまれており、
前記アノードのカウンタ電極層が、リチウムとタングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物を実質的に結晶形態で含むエレクトロクロミックデバイス。 - 前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物におけるニッケルの量が、前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物の約15重量%〜約90重量%の範囲である請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記量が、前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物の約30重量%〜約70重量%の範囲である請求項2のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記量が、前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物の約40重量%〜約60重量%の範囲である請求項2のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記カソードのエレクトロクロミック層が金属酸化物を含む請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記金属酸化物が、酸化タングステン、酸化バナジウム、酸化モリブデン、酸化ニオブ、酸化チタン、酸化銅、酸化イリジウム、酸化クロムおよび酸化マンガンからなる群より選択される請求項5のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記金属酸化物が一又は複数の金属でドープされている請求項5のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記第一および第二の伝導層が金属酸化物を含む請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記金属酸化物が、酸化インジウム、酸化スズ、酸化亜鉛および酸化ルテニウムからなる群より選択される請求項8のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記金属酸化物が一又は複数の金属でドープされている請求項8のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記複数の伝導層が同じ金属酸化物を含む請求項8のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記複数の伝導層が異なる金属酸化物を含む請求項8のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記第一および第二の伝導層が、遷移金属からなる実質的に透明な膜を含む請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記イオン伝導層がリチウムイオン伝導層を含む請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記リチウムイオン伝導層が、ケイ酸塩、酸化ケイ素およびホウ酸塩からなる群より選択される材料を含む請求項14のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- ガラスまたはプラスチックからなる群より選択される基板上に蒸着された請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記アノードのカウンタ電極が、約500オングストローム〜約6500オングストロームの範囲の実質的に均一な厚さを有する請求項1のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- 前記厚さの範囲が約1500オングストローム〜約2500オングストロームである請求項17のエレクトロクロミックデバイス。
- エレクトロクロミックデバイスを製造する方法であって、
a)第一の伝導層を提供する工程と、
b)前記第一の伝導層上に、タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物を含むエレクトロクロミック層またはカウンタ電極層の一方を蒸着し、それによって蒸着された第一の電極を提供する工程と、
c)前記蒸着された第一の電極上に、イオン伝導層を蒸着する工程と、
d)前記イオン伝導層上に、前記エレクトロクロミック層または前記カウンタ電極層の他方を蒸着し、それによって蒸着された第二の電極を提供する工程と、
e)前記蒸着された第二の電極上に、第二の伝導層を蒸着する工程と、
f)前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスを加熱する工程と、
g)前記カウンタ電極層上にリチウムを蒸着して、それによって前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物を還元する工程と
を含む方法。 - 前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物におけるニッケルの量が、前記混合酸化物の約15重量%〜約90重量%の範囲である請求項19の方法。
- 前記量が、前記混合酸化物の約30重量%〜約70重量%の範囲である請求項20の方法。
- 前記量が、前記混合酸化物の約40重量%〜約60重量%の範囲である請求項20の方法。
- 前記エレクトロクロミック層が金属酸化物を含む請求項19の方法。
- 前記金属酸化物が、酸化タングステン、酸化バナジウム、酸化モリブデン、酸化ニオブ、酸化チタン、酸化イリジウム、酸化クロム、酸化銅および酸化マンガンからなる群より選択される請求項23の方法。
- 前記金属酸化物を一又は複数の金属でドープする請求項23の方法。
- 前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える量の前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- 前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える前記量よりも過剰な量の前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- 前記過剰な量が、前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える前記量よりも約10%〜約40%多い範囲である請求項27の方法。
- 約280℃〜約500℃の範囲の温度で前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスを加熱する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- 約355℃〜約395℃の範囲の温度で前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスを加熱する工程を含む請求項29の方法。
- 物理的蒸着法を用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項29の方法。
- 中間周波反応性スパッタリングを用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- DCスパッタリングを用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- 湿式化学法を用いて前記リチウムを前記カウンタ電極層上に蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- 物理的蒸着法を用いて前記カウンタ電極層上に前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項19の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックデバイスに関連して用いられるカウンタ電極層を製造する方法であって、
a)タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物の膜を基板上に蒸着する工程と、
b)リチウムを前記膜上に蒸着することによって、前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物の膜を還元する工程と、
c)前記カウンタ電極層を加熱する工程と
を含む方法。 - 前記タングステン−ニッケル混合酸化物におけるニッケルの量が、前記混合酸化物の約15重量%〜約90重量%の範囲である請求項36の方法。
- 前記量が、前記混合酸化物の約30重量%〜約70重量%の範囲である請求項37の方法。
- 前記量が、前記混合酸化物の約40重量%〜約60重量%の範囲である請求項37の方法。
- 前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える量の前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- 前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える前記量よりも過剰な量の前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- 前記過剰な量が、前記カウンタ電極層に最大の透過率を与える前記量よりも約10%〜約40%多い範囲である請求項41の方法。
- 物理的蒸着法を用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- 中間周波反応性スパッタリングを用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- DCスパッタリングを用いて前記カウンタ電極層を蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- 湿式化学法を用いて前記リチウムを前記カウンタ電極層上に蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
- 物理的蒸着法を用いて前記カウンタ電極層上に前記リチウムを蒸着する工程を含む請求項36の方法。
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US20130286459A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
US20060209383A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
US20180348589A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
US9581875B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
ES2434030T3 (es) | 2013-12-13 |
US20230176439A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
US7372610B2 (en) | 2008-05-13 |
US20080169185A1 (en) | 2008-07-17 |
EP1696261B1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
JP4866100B2 (ja) | 2012-02-01 |
US11567383B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
EP1696261A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
US10061174B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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