JP2004135185A - Communication system - Google Patents

Communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004135185A
JP2004135185A JP2002299503A JP2002299503A JP2004135185A JP 2004135185 A JP2004135185 A JP 2004135185A JP 2002299503 A JP2002299503 A JP 2002299503A JP 2002299503 A JP2002299503 A JP 2002299503A JP 2004135185 A JP2004135185 A JP 2004135185A
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Japan
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line
transmission
branch
unit
signal
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JP2002299503A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4269629B2 (en
Inventor
Mitsuharu Ikeda
池田 光治
Yoshihiro Tanigawa
谷川 嘉浩
Hideo Sakamoto
阪本 英雄
Naoki Umeda
梅田 直樹
Tomohide Furuya
古屋 智英
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a communication system which can be applied even when the magnitude of attenuation is large. <P>SOLUTION: The communication system transmits/receives a signal among a plurality of communication terminals X via a trunk line C1 and a branch line C2. The branch line C2 consists of a transmission line C20 which transmits/receives signals and a pseudo line C21 having the same characteristic impedance as that of the signal line C20. The communication terminal X is provided with a transmission/reception circuit 2 which transmits/receives signals and a hybrid circuit 1 which performs two-line to four-line conversion. The hybrid circuit 1 is provided with: a transmitting part 10 which outputs a transmission signal from the transmission/reception circuit 2 to the signal line C20 and the pseudo line C21; and a receiving part 11 which receives differential components between the transmission signal outputted from the transmitting part 10 to the signal line C20 and the transmission signal outputted from the transmitting part 10 to the pseudo line C21 as a loop back signal of the transmission signal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、通信端末間で信号の送受信を行う通信システムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、共通の伝送線路上で複数の通信端末が多重アクセスする通信システムには、LANでよく利用されるCSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect)方式がある。この方式は、伝送線路上に一定時間(フレーム間ギャップ)以上無信号状態が続くと、任意の通信端末が送信可能となる通信方式で、無信号を検出するためのキャリア信号検出機能と、他の通信端末と送信信号が衝突したことを検出する衝突検出機能を有している。衝突検出機能は、送信を行う通信端末が自身の送信した送信信号をループバック受信して、自身が送信した送信信号と伝送路上の信号とを監視し、自身が送信した送信信号と伝送路上の信号が一致した場合には信号の衝突は起こっていないと判断し、自身が送信した送信信号と伝送路上の信号が一致しない場合には、信号の衝突が起こっていると判断する。送信信号の衝突を検出した場合には、送信中の送信信号を停止させ、時間をおいて再び送信信号の送信を試みる(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
【0003】
また、1本の伝送線路で信号の送受信を行うために、通信端末の送受信回路と伝送線路との間のインターフェイスとしてハイブリッド回路(2線−4線変換回路)が必要となる。
【0004】
従来のハイブリッド回路は、送受信回路から入力された送信信号を伝送線路に出力する送信部と、伝送線路から送信されてきた信号を受信し前記送受信回路に出力する受信部とを有し、送信部から受信部へは直接ループバック接続されており、受信部は送信部からのループバック信号を直接受信し、送受信回路にそのループバック信号を出力していた。
【0005】
この場合、多数の通信端末が分岐接続されるマルチドロップ方式のように減衰が大きい通信システムでは、他の通信端末からの受信信号が減衰し電圧レベルが小さくなるため、送信部から出力された送信信号のループバック信号と他の通信端末からの受信信号とで電圧レベル差が大きくなりすぎ、送信信号のループバック信号に他の通信端末からの受信信号が埋没し、信号同士の判別が困難になる事態が発生し得た。このため、上記した構成のハイブリッド回路を用いた通信端末は、減衰がある程度よりも少ない通信システムに適用された(例えば、適用減衰量は20〜40dB程度。)。
【0006】
上記ハイブリッド回路を改善し、より減衰の大きい通信システムに適用できるハイブリッド回路100を備えた通信端末X100を図8に示す。
【0007】
この通信端末X100は、幹線C100から分岐装置Y100を介して分岐された分岐線C200に接続され、幹線C100に、同様にして接続された別の通信端末X100と相互に信号を送受信する。
【0008】
通信端末X100は、データ信号の送信および受信を行う送受信回路200と、2線−4線変換を行うハイブリッド回路100とを備え、さらにハイブリッド回路100は、送信部101と受信部102とを備える。
【0009】
送信部101は、送受信回路200から出力された送信信号を入出力端子300を介して分岐線C200に出力する。また、送信部101と入出力端子300との間から伝送線路が分岐され、分岐線C200の特性インピーダンスに合致させた終端抵抗R100に接続される。
【0010】
受信部102は2つの入力部を有し、一方の入力部は送信部10と入出力端子300との間から送信信号をループバックし、他方の入力部は終端抵抗R100に接続されて送信信号をループバックし、2つのループバック信号成分の差である差動成分を送信信号のループバック信号として受信する。受信した信号は、増幅した後、送受信回路200に出力する。また、他の通信端末X100からの受信信号は打消し合うことなく受信され、増幅した後、送受信回路200に出力される。
【0011】
この場合、分岐線C200の特性インピーダンスと終端抵抗R100のインピーダンスとがある程度一致している限りにおいては、送信部101からの送信信号のループバック信号は、2つのループバック信号成分が互いに打消し合うために電圧レベルを小さくすることができる。
【0012】
従って、送信信号のループバック信号と他の通信端末からの受信信号との電圧レベル差を小さくすることができ、より減衰の大きい通信システムに適用できる(例えば、適用減衰量は40〜60dB程度。)。
【0013】
図9にハイブリッド回路100の回路構成例を示す。送信部101は平衡出力であって、送信部101の出力は、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R200,R201を介して伝送用トランスT100と接続されると共に、送信部101とインピーダンス整合用抵抗R200,R201との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R203,R202を介して、終端抵抗R100と接続される。
【0014】
また、差動増幅器からなる受信部102の一方の入力端子に、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R200と伝送用トランスT100との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R205の他端と、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R203と終端抵抗R100との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R204の他端とが並列に接続され、他方の入力端子には、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R201と伝送用トランスT100との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R206の他端と、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R202と終端抵抗R100との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R207の他端とが並列に接続される。
【0015】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−123456号公報(第4頁、20−25行)
【0016】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来例において終端抵抗R100は固定値となるため、特性インピーダンスのばらつきや変動が大きい伝送線路や、様々な線種の伝送線路を利用する通信システムなどに適用する場合では、受信部の差動による効果が十分に利用できず、送信信号のループバック信号の電圧レベルが大きくなってしまうため、通信システムの適用減衰量を大きくできないという問題があった。
【0017】
また、分岐線C200の特性インピーダンスと終端抵抗R100のインピーダンスとで周波数特性を一致させるのが困難なことや、ハイブリッド回路100と分岐線C200の特性インピーダンスとの不整合による反射特性、あるいは伝送線路長の違いによる影響などのためにも、同様に通信システムの適用減衰量を大きくできないという問題があった。
【0018】
上記のような問題を改善するために、終端抵抗R100を可変にしたり切り換えたりすることも考えられるが、コストがかさんだり十分な効果が得られないなどの問題がある。
【0019】
本発明は上記問題点に鑑みて為されたものであって、その目的とするところは、減衰量が大きくても適用できる通信システムを提供することにある。
【0020】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明は、伝送線路に複数の通信端末が接続され通信端末間で信号の送受信を行う通信システムであって、前記通信端末は、送信信号を送信する送信部と、他の通信端末から送信されてきた送信信号を受信すると共に前記送信部からのループバック信号を受信する受信部とからなるハイブリッド回路を備え、前記伝送線路に特性インピーダンスを合わせた擬似線路を前記伝送線路とは別に有し、前記受信部は、前記送信部から前記伝送線路に出力された送信信号と、前記送信部から前記擬似線路に出力された送信信号との差動成分を送信信号のループバック信号として受信するものとした。
【0021】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1記載の発明において、前記伝送線路と前記擬似線路とは同一シース内の対であるものとした。
【0022】
請求項3の発明は、請求項1又は2記載の発明において、前記受信部は、差動増幅器からなるものとした。
【0023】
請求項4の発明は、請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の発明において、前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する分岐部と、前記擬似線路と接続され該擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合するインピーダンス整合部とを備えたものとした。
【0024】
請求項5の発明は、請求項4記載の発明において、前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐線側から前記分岐部を見たときのインピーダンスに一致するように設定された等価終端回路で構成されたものとした。
【0025】
請求項6の発明は、請求項5記載の発明において、前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐部と同構成の回路を前記幹線の特性インピーダンスで終端させた構成であるものとした。
【0026】
請求項7の発明は、請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の発明において、前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記擬似線路は、前記幹線と前記分岐線とに夫々並設され、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する第1の分岐部と、この第1の分岐部と同構成の回路であり、前記幹線に並設された擬似線路から前記分岐線に並設された擬似線路を分岐すると共に該分岐線側の擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合する第2の分岐部とを備えたものとした。
【0027】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を実施形態1から実施形態3によって説明する。
(実施形態1)
図1に、本実施形態の通信システムの構成図を示す。この通信システムは、1対のツイストペア線などの平衡伝送線路からなる幹線C1に複数の分岐装置Yが接続され、分岐装置Yを介して幹線C1から分岐された分岐線C2に通信端末Xが接続され、通信端末X間で信号の送受信を行う。
【0028】
本実施形態では、分岐線C2として、同一シース内の2対の平衡伝送線路が用いられ、1対が通信端末X間で信号の送受信を行う伝送線路C20に用いられ、別の1対が信号の送受信が行われない擬似線路C21に用いられる。この場合、伝送線路C20と擬似線路C21の特性インピーダンスは、ほぼ同じとなる。
【0029】
このようなケーブルとしては、例えばLAN用のCAT5ケーブル(4対)や、CPEV線(2または3対)などがあり、特性インピーダンスは、CAT5ケーブルならば100Ω、CPEV線ならば60〜90Ω程度である。
【0030】
通信端末Xは、信号の送受信を行う送受信回路2と、2線−4線変換を行うハイブリッド回路1とを備え、さらにハイブリッド回路1は、送信部10と受信部11とを備える。
【0031】
送信部10は、送受信回路2から出力された送信信号を増幅して入出力端子3を介して伝送線路C20に送信すると共に擬似負荷端子4を介して擬似路線C21に送信する。
【0032】
受信部11は、2つの入力部を有し、一方の入力部は送信部10と入出力端子3との間に接続され、送信部10から伝送線路C20に送信された送信信号をループバックし、他方の入力部は送信部10と擬似負荷端子4との間に接続され、送信部10から擬似線路C21に送信された送信信号をループバックする。
【0033】
受信部11は、ループバックした2つのループバック信号成分の差である差動成分を送信信号のループバック信号として受信し、受信した信号を増幅して送受信回路2へ出力する。また、他の通信端末Xから伝送線路C20を介して送信されてきた送信信号を受信し、増幅して送受信回路2へ出力する。
【0034】
図2に、ハイブリッド回路1の構成例を示す。
【0035】
送信部10は、平衡出力の増幅器であり、入力が送受信回路2に接続され、出力が伝送線路C20の特性インピーダンスと整合をとるためのインピーダンス整合用抵抗R1,R2を介して伝送用トランスT1に接続され、伝送用トランスT1を介して伝送線路C20に接続される。また、送信部10とインピーダンス整合用抵抗R1,R2との間に、擬似線路C21の特性インピーダンスと整合をとるためのインピーダンス整合用抵抗R3,R4の一端が接続され、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R3,R4を介して伝送用トランスT2に接続され、伝送用トランスT2を介して擬似線路C21に接続される。
【0036】
受信部11は差動増幅器からなり、一方の入力端子に、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R1と伝送用トランスT1との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R6の他端と、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R4と伝送用トランスT2との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R5の他端とが並列に接続され、他方の入力端子には、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R2と伝送用トランスT1との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R7の他端と、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R3と伝送用トランスT2との間に一端が接続されたインピーダンス整合用抵抗R8の他端とが並列に接続される。
【0037】
伝送線路C20と、擬似線路C21との特性インピーダンスが概ね一致する場合は、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R1〜R8は全て同じ値に設定される。
【0038】
上記のように構成されたハイブリッド回路1においては、送信部10の出力は、伝送線路C20と擬似線路C21とに送信されると共に、伝送線路C20に送信した送信信号のループバック信号と、擬似線路C21に送信した送信信号のループバック信号とが互いに打消し合い、伝送線路C20側と擬似線路C21側の負荷インピーダンスの差分で誘起する差動成分が送信信号のループバック信号として受信部11に受信される。
【0039】
また、他の通信端末Xからの送信信号は、伝送線路C20を介して受信部11に受信される。
【0040】
受信部11は差動増幅器からなるため、差動増幅器の同相除去比(CMRR)を利用してループバック信号の差動成分を容易に生成できると共に、受信信号の増幅も同時に可能となる。
【0041】
また、送信部10にも増幅器を用いることで、信号送信時にノイズに対してレベルの大きな信号が送信されることになり、S/N比が向上し、より減衰の大きな通信システムに適用可能となる。また、通信システムに必要な信号増幅率を送信部10と受信部11の2つの増幅器で分担可能であるので、1つの増幅器で必要となるはずの高増幅が軽減され、例えば安価な増幅器を用いたり、回路の電源電圧を下げることなどが可能となり、低コストに回路を構成することができる。
【0042】
尚、各増幅器のゲインは例えば、10〜20dB程度に設定可能である。
【0043】
次に図1および図3を用いて、分岐装置Yについて説明する。
【0044】
分岐装置Yは、分岐部Y10とインピーダンス整合部Y20とを備える。分岐部Y10は、幹線C1および伝送線路C20と接続され、幹線C1から伝送線路C20を分岐する。インピーダンス整合部Y20は、擬似線路C21と接続され、伝送線路C20側から分岐部Y10を見たときの分岐部Y10のインピーダンスに一致するように設定された、終端抵抗や周波数特性補償回路を含む終端回路などの等価終端回路で構成される。
【0045】
図3に分岐装置Yの回路構成例を示す。
【0046】
分岐部Y10は、伝送用トランスT3と、伝送用トランスT3と幹線C1との間に接続されるインピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11からなり、例えば、1対6の巻数比の伝送用トランスT3に数kΩのインピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11などを用いて、幹線C1と伝送線路C20との整合を行い、約10〜20dBの分岐損失で分岐している。
【0047】
インピーダンス整合部Y20は、終端抵抗R12からなり、伝送線路C20側から分岐部Y10を見たときの分岐部Y10のインピーダンスに整合するように終端抵抗値を設定している。このように第2の分岐部20を構成することで、分岐部Y10とインピーダンス整合部Y20とでインピーダンスの差が小さくなり、分岐装置Yを用いたことによる伝送線路C20側と擬似線路C21側の負荷インピーダンスの差異を小さくできる。
【0048】
また、これらのインピーダンス整合値は、伝送線路C20と擬似線路C21の特性インピーダンスにも概ね一致するように設定されており、インピーダンスの不整合による不要な信号の反射を減らし、反射によるリップルなども少なくしている。
【0049】
上記のように幹線C1と、伝送線路C20および擬似線路C21からなる分岐線C2と、通信端末Xと、分岐装置Yとからなる通信システムにおいては、ハイブリッド回路1の負荷インピーダンスは、伝送線路C20側、擬似線路C21側とも概ね同じ特性となるため、送信部10から送信された送信信号のループバック信号の差動成分を十分に小さくできる。則ち、送信信号のループバック信号と他の通信端末Xからの受信信号との電圧レベル差を小さくすることができ、従って多数の通信端末が分岐接続されるマルチドロップ方式のように減衰量が大きな通信システムにも適用可能である。
【0050】
また、擬似線路C21を用いることにより、ハイブリッド回路1と分岐線C2との特性インピーダンスの不整合がある場合や、周波数による特性インピーダンスの変化がある場合、線路長が異なる場合、伝送線路での反射の影響がある場合、様々な線種(線種毎に特性インピーダンスや周波数特性が異なるもの)に対応する必要がある場合などでも、伝送線路C20側と擬似線路C21側との負荷インピーダンスの差分のみの影響でループバック信号を受信できるため、ループバック信号を安定的に小さくでき、減衰量が大きな通信システムにも適用可能である。
【0051】
また、伝送線路C20と擬似線路C21とに同一シース内の対を用いることで、余分なケーブルの設置の必要がなくて済むと共に、特性インピーダンスの周波数特性なども含めて差異が小さくなる。また、敷設済みのケーブルに空対があればその空対を用いればよいので、新たにケーブルを設置しなくても済む。
【0052】
(実施形態2)
本実施形態の通信システムの構成図を図4に示す。
【0053】
本実施形態の通信システムは、実施形態1の分岐装置Yに代えて分岐装置Y1を備えた点に特徴があり、その他の構成は実施形態1と共通するために共通する部分については同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、本実施形態の特徴となる部分についてのみ詳細に説明する。
【0054】
本実施形態の分岐装置Y1は、分岐部Y11とインピーダンス整合部Y21とを備える。
【0055】
分岐部Y11とインピーダンス整合部Y21とは同じ回路構成であるが、分岐部Y11が幹線C1と接続されているのに対して、インピーダンス整合部Y21は、幹線C1の特性インピーダンスで終端されている。
【0056】
図5に分岐装置Y1の回路構成例を示す。
【0057】
分岐部Y11は、図3に示した実施形態1の分岐部Y10と同じ回路構成であり、伝送用トランスT3と、伝送用トランスT3と幹線C1との間に接続されるインピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11とからなり、幹線C1と伝送線路C20との整合を行い、約10〜20dBの分岐損失で分岐している。
【0058】
インピーダンス整合部Y21は、分岐部Y11と同様に、伝送用トランスT3と、伝送用トランスT3とインピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11とからなり、インピーダンス整合抵抗R10,R11の幹線C1側の一端が、幹線C1の特性インピーダンスに相当する終端抵抗R13で終端されている。
【0059】
かかる通信システムにおいては、分岐部Y11とインピーダンス整合部Y21のインピーダンスや周波数特性、或いは温度特性といった環境による特性への影響をも概ね同じにすることができるので、実施形態1よりさらに安定してループバック信号の差動成分を小さくでき、減衰量が大きな通信システムにも適用できる。
【0060】
尚、幹線C1の特性インピーダンスの変動を小さくし、分岐部Y11とインピーダンス整合部Y21とのインピーダンスの差異を小さくするために、分岐部Y11は幹線C1に対してハイインピーダンスで分岐するのが望ましい。
【0061】
(実施形態3)
本実施形態の通信システムを図6に示す。
【0062】
本実施形態の通信システムは、実施形態2の幹線C1に代えて幹線C3を用い、また分岐装置Y1に代えて分岐装置Y2を備えた点に特徴があり、その他の構成は実施形態2と共通するために共通する部分については同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、本実施形態の特徴となる部分についてのみ詳細に説明する。
【0063】
本実施形態の幹線C3は、1対の信号の送受信を行う伝送線路C10と、1対の信号の送受信を行わない擬似線路C11とを備える。伝送線路C10と擬似線路C11とには同種の線が用いられ、特性インピーダンスが同じになるようにする。
【0064】
尚、伝送線路C10と擬似線路C11とは同一シースのケーブルや、分岐線C2と同じケーブルであってもよい。
【0065】
分岐装置Y2は、第1の分岐部Y11と、第2の分岐部Y21とを備える。
【0066】
第1の分岐部Y11は、実施形態2の分岐部Y11と同じ回路構成であり、伝送用トランスT3と、伝送用トランスT3と幹線C3の伝送線路C10との間に接続されるインピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11からなり、幹線C3の伝送線路C10と分岐線C2の伝送線路C20との整合を行い、約10〜20dBの分岐損失で分岐している。
【0067】
第2の分岐部Y21は、第1の分岐部Y11と同じ回路構成であるが、図7に示すように、インピーダンス整合用抵抗R10,R11の幹線C3側を、幹線C3の擬似線路C11に接続し、幹線C3の擬似線路C11と分岐線C2の擬似線路C21との整合を行っている。
【0068】
かかる通信システムにおいては、伝送線路C10,C20と完全に同様の擬似線路C11,C21を形成することができ、実施形態1または実施形態2よりもさらにループバック信号の差動成分を安定して小さくできるので、減衰量の大きな通信システムに適用可能である。
【0069】
尚、本実施形態の通信システムは、全通信システムで擬似線路を用いることとなり二重配線が必要になるため、システムで採用するケーブルに信号伝送などに利用していない空対がある場合か、コストアップしても減衰に強い通信システムが必要な場合に用いることが望ましい。
【0070】
【発明の効果】
請求項1の発明は、伝送線路に複数の通信端末が接続され通信端末間で信号の送受信を行う通信システムであって、前記通信端末は、送信信号を送信する送信部と、他の通信端末から送信されてきた送信信号を受信すると共に前記送信部からのループバック信号を受信する受信部とからなるハイブリッド回路を備え、前記伝送線路に特性インピーダンスを合わせた擬似線路を前記伝送線路とは別に有し、前記受信部は、前記送信部から前記伝送線路に出力された送信信号と、前記送信部から前記擬似線路に出力された送信信号との差動成分を送信信号のループバック信号として受信するので、擬似線路を用いることによりハイブリッド回路の負荷インピーダンスは、信号線路側と擬似線路側とで概ね同じ特性となるため、送信信号のループバック信号を十分小さくでき、送信信号のループバック信号と受信信号との電圧レベル差を小さくすることができると共に、ハイブリッド回路と伝送線路との特性インピーダンスの不整合がある場合や、周波数による特性インピーダンスの変化がある場合、線路長が異なる場合、伝送線路での反射の影響がある場合、様々な線種に対応する必要がある場合などでも、信号線路側と擬似線路側とのインピーダンスの差分のみの影響でループバック信号を受信でき、ループバック信号を安定的に小さくできるので、減衰量が大きな通信システムにも適用できるという効果がある。
【0071】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1記載の発明において、前記伝送線路と前記擬似線路とは同一シース内の対であるので、余分なケーブルの設置の必要がなく、スペース効率が良く、低コストであると共に、特性インピーダンスの差異を小さくできるという効果がある。
【0072】
請求項3の発明は、請求項1又は2記載の発明において、前記受信部は、差動増幅器からなるので、差動増幅器の同相除去比を利用してループバック信号の差動成分を容易に生成できるとともに、受信信号の増幅も同時にできるという効果がある。
【0073】
請求項4の発明は、請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の発明において、前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する分岐部と、前記擬似線路と接続され該擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合するインピーダンス整合部とを備えたので、不要な信号の反射が少なくなり、また反射によるリップルなども少なくなるという効果がある。
【0074】
請求項5の発明は、請求項4記載の発明において、前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐線側から前記分岐部を見たときのインピーダンスに一致するように設定された等価終端回路で構成されたので、前記分岐部と前記インピーダンス整合部とでインピーダンスの差が小さくなり、前記分岐装置を用いたことによる前記分岐線側と前記擬似線路側の負荷インピーダンスの差異を小さくできるという効果がある。
【0075】
請求項6の発明は、請求項5記載の発明において、前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐部と同構成の回路を前記幹線の特性インピーダンスで終端させた構成であるので、前記分岐部と前記インピーダンス整合部の周波数特性や、環境による特性への影響をも概ね同じにすることができるという効果がある。
【0076】
請求項7の発明は、請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の発明において、前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記擬似線路は、前記幹線と前記分岐線とに夫々並設され、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する第1の分岐部と、この第1の分岐部と同構成の回路であり、前記幹線に並設された擬似線路から前記分岐線に並設された擬似線路を分岐すると共に該分岐線側の擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合する第2の分岐部とを備えたので、前記伝送線路と完全に同様の擬似線路を形成でき、大きな減衰の通信システムに適用できるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施形態1の通信システムの構成図である。
【図2】同上のハイブリッド回路の構成例図である。
【図3】同上の分岐装置の回路構成例図である。
【図4】実施形態2の通信システムの構成図である。
【図5】同上の分岐装置の回路構成例図である。
【図6】実施形態3の通信システムの構成図である。
【図7】同上の分岐装置の回路構成例図である。
【図8】従来の通信システムの構成図である。
【図9】同上のハイブリッド回路の構成例図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ハイブリッド回路
2 送受信回路
3 入出力端子
4 擬似負荷端子
10 送信部
11 受信部
C1 幹線
C2 分岐線
C20 伝送線路
C21 擬似線路
X 通信端末
Y 分岐装置
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a communication system for transmitting and receiving signals between communication terminals.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a communication system in which a plurality of communication terminals perform multiple access on a common transmission line, there is a CSMA / CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Collision Detect) system often used in LANs. This method is a communication method in which any communication terminal can transmit if a no-signal state continues on a transmission line for a certain time (gap between frames). A carrier signal detection function for detecting a no-signal and another function are provided. Has a collision detection function of detecting that a transmission signal has collided with a communication terminal of the other. The collision detection function is that the transmitting communication terminal loops back and receives the transmission signal transmitted by itself, monitors the transmission signal transmitted by itself and the signal on the transmission path, and transmits the transmission signal transmitted by itself and the transmission signal on the transmission path. If the signals match, it is determined that no signal collision has occurred, and if the transmission signal transmitted by itself does not match the signal on the transmission path, it is determined that signal collision has occurred. When a collision of transmission signals is detected, the transmission signal being transmitted is stopped, and transmission of the transmission signal is attempted again after a while (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In addition, in order to transmit and receive signals using one transmission line, a hybrid circuit (2-wire to 4-wire conversion circuit) is required as an interface between the transmission / reception circuit of the communication terminal and the transmission line.
[0004]
A conventional hybrid circuit includes a transmission unit that outputs a transmission signal input from a transmission / reception circuit to a transmission line, and a reception unit that receives a signal transmitted from the transmission line and outputs the signal to the transmission / reception circuit. The receiver is directly connected to the receiver by a loopback connection, and the receiver directly receives the loopback signal from the transmitter and outputs the loopback signal to the transmission / reception circuit.
[0005]
In this case, in a communication system having a large attenuation such as a multi-drop system in which a large number of communication terminals are branched and connected, a signal received from another communication terminal is attenuated and a voltage level is reduced. The voltage level difference between the loopback signal of the signal and the reception signal from another communication terminal becomes too large, and the reception signal from the other communication terminal is buried in the loopback signal of the transmission signal, making it difficult to distinguish between the signals. Something could happen. For this reason, the communication terminal using the hybrid circuit having the above configuration is applied to a communication system in which the attenuation is less than a certain level (for example, the applied attenuation is about 20 to 40 dB).
[0006]
FIG. 8 shows a communication terminal X100 provided with a hybrid circuit 100 which is an improvement of the above-mentioned hybrid circuit and which can be applied to a communication system with greater attenuation.
[0007]
The communication terminal X100 is connected to a branch line C200 branched from the trunk line C100 via a branching device Y100, and transmits and receives signals to and from another communication terminal X100 similarly connected to the trunk line C100.
[0008]
The communication terminal X100 includes a transmission / reception circuit 200 for transmitting and receiving data signals, and a hybrid circuit 100 for performing 2-wire to 4-wire conversion. The hybrid circuit 100 further includes a transmission unit 101 and a reception unit 102.
[0009]
The transmission unit 101 outputs the transmission signal output from the transmission / reception circuit 200 to the branch line C200 via the input / output terminal 300. Further, the transmission line is branched from between the transmission unit 101 and the input / output terminal 300, and is connected to a terminating resistor R100 that matches the characteristic impedance of the branch line C200.
[0010]
The receiving unit 102 has two input units. One input unit loops back a transmission signal from between the transmission unit 10 and the input / output terminal 300, and the other input unit is connected to the terminating resistor R100 to transmit the transmission signal. And a differential component that is a difference between two loopback signal components is received as a loopback signal of the transmission signal. The received signal is output to the transmission / reception circuit 200 after being amplified. Further, a reception signal from another communication terminal X100 is received without cancellation, amplified, and output to the transmission / reception circuit 200.
[0011]
In this case, as long as the characteristic impedance of the branch line C200 and the impedance of the terminating resistor R100 match to some extent, the loopback signal of the transmission signal from the transmission unit 101 cancels out two loopback signal components. Therefore, the voltage level can be reduced.
[0012]
Therefore, the voltage level difference between the loopback signal of the transmission signal and the reception signal from another communication terminal can be reduced, and the present invention can be applied to a communication system with a larger attenuation (for example, the applied attenuation is about 40 to 60 dB). ).
[0013]
FIG. 9 shows a circuit configuration example of the hybrid circuit 100. The transmission unit 101 is a balanced output. The output of the transmission unit 101 is connected to the transmission transformer T100 via the impedance matching resistors R200 and R201, and the output of the transmission unit 101 and the impedance matching resistors R200 and R201. It is connected to a terminating resistor R100 via impedance matching resistors R203 and R202 with one end connected between them.
[0014]
The other end of the impedance matching resistor R205, one end of which is connected between the impedance matching resistor R200 and the transmission transformer T100, is connected to one input terminal of the receiving unit 102 composed of a differential amplifier. One end is connected between R203 and the terminating resistor R100, the other end of the impedance matching resistor R204 is connected in parallel, and the other input terminal is connected between the impedance matching resistor R201 and the transmission transformer T100. The other end of the impedance matching resistor R206, one end of which is connected, and the other end of the impedance matching resistor R207, one end of which is connected between the impedance matching resistor R202 and the terminating resistor R100, are connected in parallel.
[0015]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2001-123456 (page 4, lines 20-25)
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the terminating resistor R100 has a fixed value in the above-described conventional example, when applied to a transmission line having a large variation or variation in characteristic impedance or a communication system using transmission lines of various types, a receiving unit of the receiving unit is required. Since the effect of the differential cannot be sufficiently utilized and the voltage level of the loopback signal of the transmission signal increases, there is a problem that the applied attenuation of the communication system cannot be increased.
[0017]
Further, it is difficult to match the frequency characteristics between the characteristic impedance of the branch line C200 and the impedance of the terminating resistor R100, or the reflection characteristics due to mismatch between the hybrid circuit 100 and the characteristic impedance of the branch line C200, or the transmission line length Similarly, there is also a problem that the applied attenuation of the communication system cannot be increased due to the influence of the difference between the two.
[0018]
In order to improve the above-mentioned problem, it is conceivable to change or switch the terminating resistor R100. However, there are problems such as an increase in cost and an insufficient effect.
[0019]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a communication system that can be applied even when the amount of attenuation is large.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a communication system in which a plurality of communication terminals are connected to a transmission line to transmit and receive signals between communication terminals, wherein the communication terminals transmit transmission signals. A pseudo-circuit including a hybrid circuit including a transmitting unit and a receiving unit that receives a transmission signal transmitted from another communication terminal and receives a loopback signal from the transmitting unit, and has a characteristic impedance matched to the transmission line. A transmission line output from the transmission unit to the transmission line, and a differential component of a transmission signal output from the transmission unit to the pseudo line. The signal is received as a loopback signal of the transmission signal.
[0021]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the transmission line and the pseudo line are a pair in the same sheath.
[0022]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the receiving section comprises a differential amplifier.
[0023]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the transmission line includes a trunk line, and a branch line branched from the trunk line via a branching device and connected to the communication terminal, The branching device includes a branch unit that branches the branch line from the trunk line and matches a characteristic impedance of the branch line, and an impedance matching unit that is connected to the pseudo line and matches the characteristic impedance of the pseudo line. It was taken.
[0024]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the impedance matching section is constituted by an equivalent termination circuit set to match an impedance when the branch section is viewed from the branch line side. It was taken.
[0025]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the impedance matching section has a configuration in which a circuit having the same configuration as the branch section is terminated by a characteristic impedance of the trunk line.
[0026]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the transmission line includes a trunk line, and a branch line branched from the trunk line via a branching device and connected to the communication terminal, The pseudo line is provided in parallel with the trunk line and the branch line, respectively, and the branching device branches the branch line from the main line and matches a characteristic impedance of the branch line with a first branch unit. A circuit having the same configuration as that of the first branching section, which branches a pseudo line provided in parallel with the branch line from a pseudo line provided in parallel with the main line, and matches the characteristic impedance of the pseudo line on the branch line side. And a second branch portion.
[0027]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Embodiments 1 to 3.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of the communication system of the present embodiment. In this communication system, a plurality of branching devices Y are connected to a trunk C1 composed of a balanced transmission line such as a pair of twisted pair wires, and a communication terminal X is connected to a branch line C2 branched from the trunk C1 via the branching device Y. Then, signals are transmitted and received between the communication terminals X.
[0028]
In the present embodiment, two pairs of balanced transmission lines in the same sheath are used as the branch line C2, one pair is used for the transmission line C20 for transmitting and receiving signals between the communication terminals X, and another pair is used for the signal line. Is used for the pseudo line C21 in which transmission / reception of data is not performed. In this case, the characteristic impedances of the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21 are substantially the same.
[0029]
Examples of such a cable include a CAT5 cable for LAN (four pairs) and a CPEV line (two or three pairs). The characteristic impedance is about 100Ω for a CAT5 cable and about 60 to 90Ω for a CPEV line. is there.
[0030]
The communication terminal X includes a transmission / reception circuit 2 for transmitting / receiving a signal and a hybrid circuit 1 for performing 2-wire to 4-wire conversion. The hybrid circuit 1 further includes a transmission unit 10 and a reception unit 11.
[0031]
The transmission unit 10 amplifies the transmission signal output from the transmission / reception circuit 2 and transmits the amplified signal to the transmission line C20 via the input / output terminal 3 and to the pseudo line C21 via the pseudo load terminal 4.
[0032]
The receiving unit 11 has two input units, and one input unit is connected between the transmitting unit 10 and the input / output terminal 3 to loop back a transmission signal transmitted from the transmitting unit 10 to the transmission line C20. The other input unit is connected between the transmission unit 10 and the pseudo load terminal 4, and loops back the transmission signal transmitted from the transmission unit 10 to the pseudo line C21.
[0033]
The receiving unit 11 receives a differential component, which is a difference between two loopback signal components that have been looped back, as a loopback signal of a transmission signal, amplifies the received signal, and outputs the amplified signal to the transmission / reception circuit 2. Further, it receives a transmission signal transmitted from another communication terminal X via the transmission line C20, amplifies it, and outputs it to the transmission / reception circuit 2.
[0034]
FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the hybrid circuit 1.
[0035]
The transmission section 10 is a balanced output amplifier, the input of which is connected to the transmission / reception circuit 2, and the output of which is connected to the transmission transformer T1 via impedance matching resistors R1 and R2 for matching the characteristic impedance of the transmission line C20. It is connected to the transmission line C20 via the transmission transformer T1. One end of impedance matching resistors R3 and R4 for matching with the characteristic impedance of the pseudo line C21 is connected between the transmitting unit 10 and the impedance matching resistors R1 and R2. Is connected to the transmission transformer T2 via the transmission transformer T2, and is connected to the pseudo line C21 via the transmission transformer T2.
[0036]
The receiving section 11 is composed of a differential amplifier, and has one input terminal connected to the other end of an impedance matching resistor R6 having one end connected between the impedance matching resistor R1 and the transmission transformer T1, and an impedance matching resistor R4. And the other end of the impedance matching resistor R5, one end of which is connected between the transmission transformer T2 and the other input terminal, between the impedance matching resistor R2 and the transmission transformer T1. The other end of the impedance matching resistor R7 having one end connected thereto and the other end of the impedance matching resistor R8 having one end connected between the impedance matching resistor R3 and the transmission transformer T2 are connected in parallel.
[0037]
When the characteristic impedances of the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21 substantially match, all the impedance matching resistors R1 to R8 are set to the same value.
[0038]
In the hybrid circuit 1 configured as described above, the output of the transmission unit 10 is transmitted to the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21, and a loopback signal of the transmission signal transmitted to the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line The loopback signal of the transmission signal transmitted to C21 cancels each other, and the differential component induced by the difference in load impedance between the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21 is received by the reception unit 11 as a loopback signal of the transmission signal. Is done.
[0039]
Further, a transmission signal from another communication terminal X is received by the reception unit 11 via the transmission line C20.
[0040]
Since the receiving unit 11 includes a differential amplifier, the differential component of the loopback signal can be easily generated using the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of the differential amplifier, and the received signal can be amplified at the same time.
[0041]
Also, by using an amplifier for the transmission unit 10, a signal having a large level with respect to noise is transmitted at the time of signal transmission, so that the S / N ratio is improved and the transmission unit 10 can be applied to a communication system with larger attenuation. Become. Further, since the signal amplification factor required for the communication system can be shared by the two amplifiers of the transmission unit 10 and the reception unit 11, the high amplification that would be required by one amplifier is reduced. In addition, the power supply voltage of the circuit can be reduced, and the circuit can be configured at low cost.
[0042]
The gain of each amplifier can be set to, for example, about 10 to 20 dB.
[0043]
Next, the branching device Y will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0044]
The branching device Y includes a branching unit Y10 and an impedance matching unit Y20. The branching unit Y10 is connected to the main line C1 and the transmission line C20, and branches the transmission line C20 from the main line C1. The impedance matching section Y20 is connected to the pseudo line C21, and includes a terminator including a terminating resistor and a frequency characteristic compensating circuit set to match the impedance of the branch section Y10 when the branch section Y10 is viewed from the transmission line C20 side. It is composed of an equivalent termination circuit such as a circuit.
[0045]
FIG. 3 shows a circuit configuration example of the branching device Y.
[0046]
The branch unit Y10 includes a transmission transformer T3 and impedance matching resistors R10 and R11 connected between the transmission transformer T3 and the trunk line C1, and includes, for example, a transmission transformer T3 having a turn ratio of 1: 6. The main line C1 and the transmission line C20 are matched using kΩ impedance matching resistors R10 and R11, and are branched with a branch loss of about 10 to 20 dB.
[0047]
The impedance matching section Y20 includes a terminating resistor R12, and sets the terminating resistance value so as to match the impedance of the branch section Y10 when the branch section Y10 is viewed from the transmission line C20 side. By configuring the second branching unit 20 in this way, the difference in impedance between the branching unit Y10 and the impedance matching unit Y20 is reduced, and the transmission line C20 side and the pseudo line C21 side due to the use of the branching device Y. The difference in load impedance can be reduced.
[0048]
Further, these impedance matching values are set so as to substantially match the characteristic impedances of the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21, so that unnecessary signal reflection due to impedance mismatching is reduced, and ripple due to reflection is reduced. are doing.
[0049]
As described above, in the communication system including the trunk line C1, the branch line C2 including the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21, the communication terminal X, and the branching device Y, the load impedance of the hybrid circuit 1 is determined based on the transmission line C20 side. Since the pseudo line C21 has substantially the same characteristics, the differential component of the loopback signal of the transmission signal transmitted from the transmission unit 10 can be sufficiently reduced. That is, the voltage level difference between the loopback signal of the transmission signal and the reception signal from the other communication terminal X can be reduced, and therefore, the amount of attenuation is reduced as in the multi-drop method in which many communication terminals are branched and connected. It is also applicable to large communication systems.
[0050]
Also, by using the pseudo line C21, when there is a mismatch in the characteristic impedance between the hybrid circuit 1 and the branch line C2, when there is a change in the characteristic impedance due to the frequency, when the line length is different, when the reflection at the transmission line is caused. In the case where it is necessary to cope with various line types (characteristic impedance and frequency characteristics are different for each line type), only the difference in load impedance between the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21 is required. , The loopback signal can be received stably, and the loopback signal can be stably reduced, and the present invention can be applied to a communication system having a large attenuation.
[0051]
Further, by using a pair in the same sheath for the transmission line C20 and the pseudo line C21, it is not necessary to install an extra cable, and the difference including the frequency characteristics of the characteristic impedance is reduced. Further, if there is an air pair in the installed cable, the air pair may be used, so that it is not necessary to newly install a cable.
[0052]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 shows a configuration diagram of the communication system of the present embodiment.
[0053]
The communication system of the present embodiment is characterized in that a branching device Y1 is provided instead of the branching device Y of the first embodiment, and the other components are common to the first embodiment. The description thereof is omitted, and only the characteristic portions of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
[0054]
The branch device Y1 of the present embodiment includes a branch unit Y11 and an impedance matching unit Y21.
[0055]
The branch unit Y11 and the impedance matching unit Y21 have the same circuit configuration, but the branch unit Y11 is connected to the main line C1, whereas the impedance matching unit Y21 is terminated at the characteristic impedance of the main line C1.
[0056]
FIG. 5 shows a circuit configuration example of the branching device Y1.
[0057]
The branch unit Y11 has the same circuit configuration as the branch unit Y10 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and includes a transmission transformer T3, an impedance matching resistor R10 connected between the transmission transformer T3 and the main line C1, R11, the trunk line C1 is matched with the transmission line C20, and branching is performed with a branch loss of about 10 to 20 dB.
[0058]
The impedance matching unit Y21, like the branch unit Y11, includes a transmission transformer T3, a transmission transformer T3, and impedance matching resistors R10 and R11. One end of the impedance matching resistors R10 and R11 on the trunk line C1 side is connected to the trunk line. It is terminated with a terminating resistor R13 corresponding to the characteristic impedance of C1.
[0059]
In such a communication system, the influence of the environment such as the impedance, the frequency characteristic, and the temperature characteristic of the branch unit Y11 and the impedance matching unit Y21 on the environment can be made substantially the same. The differential component of the back signal can be reduced, and it can be applied to a communication system having a large attenuation.
[0060]
In order to reduce the variation of the characteristic impedance of the trunk line C1 and to reduce the difference in impedance between the branch part Y11 and the impedance matching part Y21, it is desirable that the branch part Y11 is branched to the trunk line C1 with high impedance.
[0061]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 shows a communication system according to the present embodiment.
[0062]
The communication system according to the present embodiment is characterized in that a trunk line C3 is used instead of the trunk line C1 of the second embodiment, and a branching device Y2 is provided instead of the branching device Y1. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment. In this case, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only the characteristic parts of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
[0063]
The trunk line C3 of the present embodiment includes a transmission line C10 for transmitting and receiving a pair of signals and a pseudo line C11 for not transmitting and receiving a pair of signals. The same line is used for the transmission line C10 and the pseudo line C11 so that the characteristic impedances are the same.
[0064]
Note that the transmission line C10 and the pseudo line C11 may be cables having the same sheath or the same cable as the branch line C2.
[0065]
The branching device Y2 includes a first branching unit Y11 and a second branching unit Y21.
[0066]
The first branch portion Y11 has the same circuit configuration as the branch portion Y11 of the second embodiment, and includes a transmission transformer T3, and an impedance matching resistor connected between the transmission transformer T3 and the transmission line C10 of the trunk C3. R10 and R11 are matched with the transmission line C10 of the trunk line C3 and the transmission line C20 of the branch line C2, and are branched with a branch loss of about 10 to 20 dB.
[0067]
The second branch portion Y21 has the same circuit configuration as the first branch portion Y11, but as shown in FIG. 7, connects the trunk line C3 side of the impedance matching resistors R10 and R11 to the pseudo line C11 of the trunk line C3. Then, matching is performed between the pseudo line C11 of the trunk line C3 and the pseudo line C21 of the branch line C2.
[0068]
In such a communication system, the pseudo lines C11 and C21 completely similar to the transmission lines C10 and C20 can be formed, and the differential component of the loopback signal can be stably reduced to be smaller than in the first or second embodiment. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a communication system having a large attenuation.
[0069]
Note that the communication system of the present embodiment uses a pseudo line in all communication systems and requires double wiring, so if a cable used in the system has an air pair not used for signal transmission or the like, It is desirable to use it when a communication system that is resistant to attenuation even if the cost increases is required.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
The invention according to claim 1 is a communication system in which a plurality of communication terminals are connected to a transmission line to transmit and receive signals between the communication terminals, wherein the communication terminal includes a transmission unit that transmits a transmission signal, and another communication terminal. And a receiving unit that receives a transmission signal transmitted from the receiving unit and receives a loopback signal from the transmitting unit, and a pseudo line whose characteristic impedance is matched to the transmission line separately from the transmission line. The receiving unit receives a differential component between a transmission signal output from the transmission unit to the transmission line and a transmission signal output from the transmission unit to the pseudo line as a loopback signal of the transmission signal. Therefore, since the load impedance of the hybrid circuit becomes substantially the same between the signal line side and the pseudo line side by using the pseudo line, the loop bar of the transmission signal is used. Signal can be reduced sufficiently, the voltage level difference between the loopback signal of the transmission signal and the reception signal can be reduced, and there is a mismatch in the characteristic impedance between the hybrid circuit and the transmission line, or the characteristic impedance due to the frequency , If the line length is different, if there is an effect of reflection on the transmission line, or if it is necessary to respond to various line types, only the difference in impedance between the signal line side and the pseudo line side , The loopback signal can be received, and the loopback signal can be stably reduced. Therefore, the present invention is also applicable to a communication system having a large attenuation.
[0071]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, since the transmission line and the pseudo line are a pair in the same sheath, there is no need to install an extra cable, the space efficiency is high, and the cost is low. In addition, there is an effect that the difference in characteristic impedance can be reduced.
[0072]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, since the receiving section includes a differential amplifier, the differential component of the loopback signal can be easily reduced by utilizing the common mode rejection ratio of the differential amplifier. In addition to the generation, there is an effect that the received signal can be amplified at the same time.
[0073]
The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transmission line includes a trunk line, and a branch line branched from the trunk line via a branching device and connected to the communication terminal, The branching device includes a branch unit that branches the branch line from the trunk line and matches a characteristic impedance of the branch line, and an impedance matching unit that is connected to the pseudo line and matches the characteristic impedance of the pseudo line. Therefore, there is an effect that reflection of unnecessary signals is reduced and ripples due to the reflection are also reduced.
[0074]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the impedance matching section is constituted by an equivalent termination circuit set to match an impedance when the branch section is viewed from the branch line side. Therefore, the difference in impedance between the branch section and the impedance matching section is reduced, and the difference in load impedance between the branch line side and the pseudo line side due to the use of the branching device can be reduced.
[0075]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the fifth aspect, the impedance matching section has a configuration in which a circuit having the same configuration as that of the branch section is terminated by a characteristic impedance of the trunk line. There is an effect that the influence on the frequency characteristics of the matching section and the characteristics due to the environment can be substantially the same.
[0076]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the transmission line includes a trunk line, and a branch line branched from the trunk line via a branching device and connected to the communication terminal, The pseudo line is provided in parallel with the trunk line and the branch line, respectively, and the branching device branches the branch line from the main line and matches a characteristic impedance of the branch line with a first branch unit. A circuit having the same configuration as that of the first branching section, which branches a pseudo line provided in parallel with the branch line from a pseudo line provided in parallel with the main line, and matches the characteristic impedance of the pseudo line on the branch line side. The provision of the second branching section makes it possible to form a pseudo line completely similar to the transmission line, and has the effect of being applicable to a communication system with large attenuation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a communication system according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a hybrid circuit according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the branching device.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a communication system according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the branching device.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a communication system according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the branching device.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional communication system.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a hybrid circuit according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Hybrid circuit
2 Transceiver circuit
3 I / O terminals
4 Simulated load terminal
10 Transmission section
11 Receiver
C1 trunk line
C2 branch line
C20 transmission line
C21 pseudo line
X communication terminal
Y branch device

Claims (7)

伝送線路に複数の通信端末が接続され通信端末間で信号の送受信を行う通信システムであって、前記通信端末は、送信信号を送信する送信部と、他の通信端末から送信されてきた送信信号を受信すると共に前記送信部からのループバック信号を受信する受信部とからなるハイブリッド回路を備え、前記伝送線路に特性インピーダンスを合わせた擬似線路を前記伝送線路とは別に有し、前記受信部は、前記送信部から前記伝送線路に出力された送信信号と、前記送信部から前記擬似線路に出力された送信信号との差動成分を送信信号のループバック信号として受信することを特徴とする通信システム。A communication system in which a plurality of communication terminals are connected to a transmission line to transmit and receive signals between communication terminals, wherein the communication terminal includes: a transmission unit that transmits a transmission signal; and a transmission signal that is transmitted from another communication terminal. And a receiving unit that receives a loop-back signal from the transmitting unit and a receiving unit that receives a loop-back signal from the transmitting unit.The receiving unit includes a pseudo line in which characteristic impedance is matched to the transmission line separately from the transmission line. Receiving a differential component between a transmission signal output from the transmission unit to the transmission line and a transmission signal output from the transmission unit to the pseudo line as a loopback signal of the transmission signal. system. 前記伝送線路と前記擬似線路とは同一シース内の対であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の通信システム。The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission line and the pseudo line are a pair in the same sheath. 前記受信部は、差動増幅器からなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の通信システム。The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the receiving unit includes a differential amplifier. 前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する分岐部と、前記擬似線路と接続され該擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合するインピーダンス整合部とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の通信システム。The transmission line includes a main line, and a branch line branched from the main line via a branching device and connected to the communication terminal. The branching device branches the branch line from the main line and has a characteristic of the branch line. The communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a branch unit that matches impedance; and an impedance matching unit that is connected to the pseudo line and matches a characteristic impedance of the pseudo line. 前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐線側から前記分岐部を見たときのインピーダンスに一致するように設定された等価終端回路で構成されたことを特徴とする請求項4記載の通信システム。The communication system according to claim 4, wherein the impedance matching unit is configured by an equivalent termination circuit set to match an impedance when the branch unit is viewed from the branch line side. 前記インピーダンス整合部は、前記分岐部と同構成の回路を前記幹線の特性インピーダンスで終端させた構成であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の通信システム。The communication system according to claim 5, wherein the impedance matching unit has a configuration in which a circuit having the same configuration as that of the branching unit is terminated by a characteristic impedance of the trunk line. 前記伝送線路は、幹線と、幹線から分岐装置を介して分岐され前記通信端末が接続される分岐線とからなり、前記擬似線路は、前記幹線と前記分岐線とに夫々並設され、前記分岐装置は、前記幹線から前記分岐線を分岐すると共に該分岐線の特性インピーダンスに整合する第1の分岐部と、この第1の分岐部と同構成の回路であり、前記幹線に並設された擬似線路から前記分岐線に並設された擬似線路を分岐すると共に該分岐線側の擬似線路の特性インピーダンスに整合する第2の分岐部とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか記載の通信システム。The transmission line includes a main line, and a branch line that is branched from the main line via a branching device and to which the communication terminal is connected, and the pseudo lines are arranged in parallel with the main line and the branch line, respectively, The device is a first branch unit that branches the branch line from the main line and matches the characteristic impedance of the branch line, and a circuit having the same configuration as the first branch unit, and is arranged in parallel with the main line. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a second branch portion that branches the pseudo line provided in parallel with the branch line from the pseudo line and matches a characteristic impedance of the pseudo line on the branch line side. A communication system according to any of the preceding claims.
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Cited By (5)

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JP2004032751A (en) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-29 Hewlett-Packard Development Co Lp Four-drop bus with matched response
WO2006001301A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-05 Evolvable Systems Research Institute Inc. Parameter adjustment device and parameter adjustment method
JP2006039764A (en) * 2004-07-23 2006-02-09 Nittan Co Ltd Termination circuit, sensor, repeater and disaster prevention system
JP2010531601A (en) * 2007-06-25 2010-09-24 ディセニョ・デ・システマス・エン・シリシオ・ソシエダッド・アノニマ Single port signal repeater
WO2011155597A1 (en) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-15 本田技研工業株式会社 Communication network

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004032751A (en) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-29 Hewlett-Packard Development Co Lp Four-drop bus with matched response
JP4522056B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2010-08-11 ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル.ピー. 4-drop bus for consistent response
WO2006001301A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-05 Evolvable Systems Research Institute Inc. Parameter adjustment device and parameter adjustment method
JPWO2006001301A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2008-04-17 株式会社進化システム総合研究所 Transmission apparatus and transmission method
JP2006039764A (en) * 2004-07-23 2006-02-09 Nittan Co Ltd Termination circuit, sensor, repeater and disaster prevention system
JP4714436B2 (en) * 2004-07-23 2011-06-29 ニッタン株式会社 Termination circuit, sensor, repeater and disaster prevention system
JP2010531601A (en) * 2007-06-25 2010-09-24 ディセニョ・デ・システマス・エン・シリシオ・ソシエダッド・アノニマ Single port signal repeater
WO2011155597A1 (en) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-15 本田技研工業株式会社 Communication network
JP5552132B2 (en) * 2010-06-11 2014-07-16 本田技研工業株式会社 Communication network
US9030266B2 (en) 2010-06-11 2015-05-12 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Wave form distortion removing apparatus for a communication network

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