JP2003014203A - Superheated steam generating device - Google Patents
Superheated steam generating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003014203A JP2003014203A JP2001195285A JP2001195285A JP2003014203A JP 2003014203 A JP2003014203 A JP 2003014203A JP 2001195285 A JP2001195285 A JP 2001195285A JP 2001195285 A JP2001195285 A JP 2001195285A JP 2003014203 A JP2003014203 A JP 2003014203A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat transfer
- superheated steam
- transfer tube
- spray nozzle
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【技術分野】本発明は、新規な省スペースが可能な過熱
蒸気発生機に関する。特に、コンビニエンスストアや飲
食店等の、大型の過熱蒸気発生機が設置できない小規模
店に起こる食品加工に好適な過熱蒸気発生機に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel superheated steam generator capable of saving space. In particular, the present invention relates to a superheated steam generator suitable for food processing that occurs in small stores such as convenience stores and restaurants where large superheated steam generators cannot be installed.
【０００２】[0002]
【背景技術】食品の蒸し焼き・再加熱・脱脂等の食品加
工に、過熱蒸気を使用することは公知である（特開平１
１−１７８５１３号公報等参照）。BACKGROUND ART It is known to use superheated steam for food processing such as steaming, reheating, and degreasing of food.
No. 1-178513).
【０００３】過熱蒸気は、例えば、図１に示すような過
熱蒸気発生装置で発生させていた(ホームページ[http:/
/www.itc.city.hiroshima.jp/level7/1010100032.html]
の「脱脂洗浄／応力除去装置のフローシート」から引
用)。基本的には、汎用ボイラー１２と過熱蒸気発生ボ
イラー１４とからなり、汎用ボイラー１２で発生した飽
和蒸気（１００℃）を、過熱蒸気発生ボイラー１４で更
に加熱して過熱蒸気（４８０℃）とする構成である。The superheated steam was generated by, for example, a superheated steam generator as shown in FIG. 1 (homepage [http: /
/www.itc.city.hiroshima.jp/level7/1010100032.html]
"Degreasing cleaning / stress relief equipment flow sheet"). Basically, it consists of a general-purpose boiler 12 and a superheated steam generation boiler 14, and saturated steam (100 ° C.) generated in the general-purpose boiler 12 is further heated in the superheated steam generation boiler 14 to become superheated steam (480 ° C.). It is a composition.
【０００４】具体的には、汎用ボイラー１２で発生した
飽和蒸気を飽和蒸気配管１６を介して過熱蒸気発生ボイ
ラー１４の受熱部（伝熱管部）１８に送り込み、多管式
受熱部１８の内に配されたガスバーナ（加熱手段）２０
からの火炎２２で前記飽和蒸気を更に加熱して過熱蒸気
として、過熱蒸気配管２４に送り出す。なお、図例中、
２６、２８はそれぞれガスバーナ用のエア送り込みブロ
アーで、３０は排気ブロアー、３２、３４はそれぞれ排
気管である。Specifically, the saturated steam generated in the general-purpose boiler 12 is sent to the heat receiving section (heat transfer tube section) 18 of the superheated steam generating boiler 14 through the saturated steam pipe 16 and is then introduced into the multi-tube heat receiving section 18. Arranged gas burner (heating means) 20
The saturated steam is further heated by the flame 22 from and is sent to the superheated steam pipe 24 as superheated steam. In the figure,
Reference numerals 26 and 28 are air blowers for the gas burner, 30 is an exhaust blower, and 32 and 34 are exhaust pipes.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の開示】しかし、上記構成の過熱蒸気発生装置
（システム）は、大型ボイラーを飽和蒸気用及び過熱蒸
気用と２台必要とし、設置面積を取り、コンビニエンス
ストアやファーストフード店等の小型食品取り扱い店さ
らには小規模研究機関での設置は困難であった。そし
て、大型ボイラーは、一般的にボイラー取り扱い免許を
必要とし、更に、それらの小型食品取り扱い店での設置
は実質的に不可能であった。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION However, the superheated steam generator (system) having the above structure requires two large boilers, one for saturated steam and one for superheated steam, which requires a large installation area and is suitable for small foods such as convenience stores and fast food restaurants. It was difficult to set it up at shops and even small-scale research institutions. And large boilers generally require boiler handling licenses, and furthermore, their installation in small food shops was virtually impossible.
【０００６】本発明は、上記にかんがみて、大型ボイラ
ーのような取り扱い免許を必要としないとともに、設置
面積も格段に少なくて済み、小規模食品取り扱い店や小
規模研究機関でも設置容易な過熱蒸気発生装置を提供す
ることを目的とする。In view of the above, the present invention does not require a handling license like a large-sized boiler, requires a much smaller installation area, and is a superheated steam that is easy to install even in a small-scale food handling store or a small-scale research institute. An object is to provide a generator.
【０００７】本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため
に、鋭意開発に努力をする過程で、直接加熱した伝熱管
内に水又は温水を噴霧状態で導入すれば過熱蒸気を発生
させることができることを見出して、下記構成の過熱蒸
気発生装置に想到した。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention can generate superheated steam by introducing water or hot water in a spray state into the directly heated heat transfer tube in the process of earnestly developing. After finding out what can be done, they have come up with a superheated steam generator having the following configuration.
【０００８】本発明の過熱蒸気発生装置は、常温水また
は温水を噴霧する噴霧ノズルと、該噴霧ノズルからの霧
（微小水滴集合体）を導入・導出する１本又は複数本の
伝熱管と、電熱管を直接的に加熱する直接加熱手段とを
構成要素として含むことを特徴とする。The superheated steam generator of the present invention comprises a spray nozzle for spraying room temperature water or warm water, and one or a plurality of heat transfer tubes for introducing and discharging mist (aggregate of minute water droplets) from the spray nozzle. A direct heating means for directly heating the electric heating tube is included as a constituent element.
【０００９】霧状態で伝熱管内に導入されることによ
り、過熱蒸気化が促進される。その理由は下記の如くで
あると推定される。By being introduced into the heat transfer tube in a mist state, superheated vaporization is promoted. The reason is presumed to be as follows.
【００１０】水滴が常温又は１００℃未満の温水であっ
ても水滴が微小であるため、瞬時に１００℃の水蒸気と
なる。そして、１００℃水蒸気は膨張して伝熱管内で飽
和状態となるが、更に、伝熱管通過中に加熱されるため
過熱蒸気となる。Even if the water droplets are normal temperature or warm water of less than 100 ° C., the water droplets are minute and immediately become 100 ° C. steam. Then, the 100 ° C. steam expands and becomes saturated in the heat transfer tube, but further becomes superheated steam because it is heated while passing through the heat transfer tube.
【００１１】上記構成において、噴霧ノズルは加圧タイ
プとすることが、噴霧量を大きくできるとともに噴霧量
の制御が容易となり、さらには、無酸素状態の過熱水蒸
気を発生させることが容易となる。In the above structure, when the spray nozzle is of a pressurized type, the spray amount can be increased, the spray amount can be easily controlled, and further, the superheated steam in anoxic state can be easily generated.
【００１２】また伝熱管を、扁平断面の伝熱管本体と該
伝熱管本体の長手方向の対向面間をつなぐ、又は、該対
向面の双方又は一方から突出する多数の伝熱フィンとか
らなる構成とすることが、伝熱面積が増大するとともに
水滴ないし水蒸気に対する加熱も促進され、更に、過熱
度（飽和状態からの温度差）が増大する。Further, the heat transfer tube is composed of a heat transfer tube main body having a flat cross section and a plurality of heat transfer fins connecting between the opposed surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube main body or protruding from both or one of the opposed surfaces. That is, the heat transfer area is increased, the heating for water droplets or steam is also promoted, and the degree of superheat (the temperature difference from the saturated state) is increased.
【００１３】そして、直接加熱手段としては、伝熱管の
受熱部が加熱部に配される加熱炉、特に電気加熱炉が加
熱調節が容易であり、所要の過熱度の過熱蒸気を得易
い。As the direct heating means, a heating furnace in which the heat receiving portion of the heat transfer tube is arranged in the heating portion, particularly an electric heating furnace, can easily adjust the heating and can easily obtain superheated steam having a required superheat degree.
【００１４】上記各構成における各過熱蒸気発生装置で
下記各過熱蒸気発生方法が体現できる。The following superheated steam generation methods can be embodied by the respective superheated steam generators in the above respective configurations.
【００１５】本発明の過熱蒸気の発生方法は、常温水ま
たは温水を噴霧ノズルで霧状体とし、該霧状体を一本又
は複数本の伝熱管に導入するとともに、該伝熱管の受熱
部を直接的に加熱して、前記霧状体を過熱蒸気として前
記伝熱管から導出することを特徴とする。In the method for generating superheated steam of the present invention, room temperature water or warm water is atomized by a spray nozzle, the atomized body is introduced into one or a plurality of heat transfer tubes, and a heat receiving portion of the heat transfer tube is used. Is directly heated and the atomized body is led out from the heat transfer tube as superheated steam.
【００１６】そして、噴霧ノズルとして加圧ノズルを使
用する、また、伝熱管として扁平断面の伝熱管本体と該
伝熱管本体の長手方向の対向面間をつなぐ、又は、該対
向面の双方又は一方から突出する多数の伝熱フィンとか
らなるものを使用する構成となり、さらには、伝熱管の
受熱部を電気炉の加熱炉の加熱部に配する構成となる。A pressure nozzle is used as the spray nozzle, and a heat transfer tube main body having a flat cross section is connected as a heat transfer tube to the longitudinally opposed surfaces of the heat transfer tube main body, or both or one of the opposed surfaces is connected. It is configured to use a large number of heat transfer fins protruding from the heat transfer fin, and further, the heat receiving part of the heat transfer tube is arranged in the heating part of the heating furnace of the electric furnace.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明を実施するための最良の形態】以下、本発明の一
実施形態を図２〜３に基づいて説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００１８】すなわち、水道の水栓口（図示せず）にホ
ース３６で直結された噴霧ノズル３８と、該噴霧ノズル
３８からの霧を導入・導出する複数本の伝熱管４０から
なる伝熱管群４２と、該伝熱管群４２を直接的に加熱す
る筒状電気炉（直接加熱手段）４４とを構成要素として
含むものである。That is, a heat transfer tube group consisting of a spray nozzle 38 directly connected to a water faucet (not shown) of a water supply by a hose 36, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 40 for introducing and discharging mist from the spray nozzle 38. 42 and a tubular electric furnace (direct heating means) 44 that directly heats the heat transfer tube group 42 as constituent elements.
【００１９】ここで、噴霧ノズル３８は、噴霧する液体
のみを加圧して、すなわち、加圧ガス（キャリアー）を
使用せずに加圧してノズルより噴出させる加圧ノズルが
望ましい。加圧ノズルは、加圧ガス（エア）を使用しな
いため、後述の二流体ノズルに比して相対的に噴霧量を
大きくできるとともに、加圧ガス量の影響を受けず噴霧
量（噴射ミスト量）を制御し易く、さらには、水のみを
供給するため、無酸素状態の過熱水蒸気を発生させるこ
とが容易である。特に、加圧ノズルのうち、自動車のエ
ンジン等に使用されているインジェクターは、応答性の
高い電磁バルブを備えて、その噴霧量を、パルス発生器
により容易に制御でき、かつ、伝熱管内の定位置にミス
ト（霧）を安定的に到達させることができる。The spray nozzle 38 is preferably a pressure nozzle that pressurizes only the liquid to be sprayed, that is, pressurizes without using a pressurized gas (carrier) and ejects from the nozzle. Since the pressurized nozzle does not use pressurized gas (air), the amount of spray can be made relatively larger than the two-fluid nozzle described later, and the amount of spray (spray mist amount) is not affected by the amount of pressurized gas. ) Is easily controlled, and furthermore, since only water is supplied, it is easy to generate superheated steam in an oxygen-free state. In particular, of the pressure nozzles, injectors used in automobile engines and the like are equipped with a highly responsive electromagnetic valve, the spray amount of which can be easily controlled by a pulse generator, and The mist (fog) can reach the fixed position stably.
【００２０】他方、噴射ノズルとして、加圧ガスを使用
する二流体ノズルでもよいが、二流体ノズルは、加圧ガ
スとともに水（液体）を噴射するため、相対的噴霧量が
少なくなり、かつ、加圧ガス量が変動しやすく噴霧量の
制御が困難であり、さらには、加圧ガス（エア）が混入
して無酸素状態の過熱蒸気を発生させることが実質的に
できない。On the other hand, the injection nozzle may be a two-fluid nozzle that uses a pressurized gas. However, since the two-fluid nozzle injects water (liquid) together with the pressurized gas, the relative amount of spray is reduced, and The amount of pressurized gas fluctuates easily, and it is difficult to control the amount of spray. Furthermore, it is substantially impossible to generate pressurized oxygen (air) to generate superheated steam in an oxygen-free state.
【００２１】また、噴霧ノズルの噴霧形態は、通常、円
錐状で円錐横断面の略全面に分散する形態（ソリッドコ
ーンノズルによる）とするが、同じく円錐状で円錐横断
面のの周囲部のみに分散する形態（ホロコーンノズル）
や狭い幅で膜状に分散する形態（フィルムノズルによ
る）であってもよい。後二者の場合は、全ての伝熱管に
対して液滴を導入するために、通常、ノズルを複数個設
けたり、ノズルを旋回させたりする。Further, the spraying form of the spraying nozzle is usually a conical shape and dispersed over substantially the entire surface of the conical cross section (by a solid cone nozzle), but the spraying shape is also conical and only in the peripheral part of the conical cross section. Dispersed form (hollow cone nozzle)
Alternatively, the film may be dispersed in a film shape with a narrow width (by a film nozzle). In the latter two cases, usually, a plurality of nozzles are provided or the nozzles are swirled in order to introduce droplets into all the heat transfer tubes.
【００２２】そして、本実施形態に使用する伝熱管ユニ
ット４６の一例を図３に示す。An example of the heat transfer tube unit 46 used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
【００２３】伝熱管ユニット４６は、複数本（図例では
４本）の伝熱管４０を一対の管固定板４８、４８で保持
したものであり、伝熱管４０は、扁平管からなる伝熱管
本体３９に、伝熱管本体３９と別体の波板４１を挿入接
合して伝熱フィン４１を形成した構成である。具体的に
は、下記のようにして製造する。The heat transfer tube unit 46 holds a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) heat transfer tubes 40 by a pair of tube fixing plates 48, 48. The heat transfer tube 40 is a heat transfer tube body composed of a flat tube. The heat transfer fins 41 are formed by inserting and joining a corrugated plate 41, which is separate from the heat transfer tube main body 39, into the heat transfer fins 39. Specifically, it is manufactured as follows.
【００２４】まず、伝熱管本体３９となる扁平管（図例
では短冊断面）と、伝熱フィンとなる金属製の波板４
１、及び、管固定板４８を用意する。このとき、扁平管
（伝熱管本体）３９、金属波板４１及び管固定板４８の
各厚みは、使用材料及び耐用期間により異なるが、例え
ば、ステンレスの場合、前第一者：０．１〜１．０mm
（望ましくは０．３〜０．８mm）、前第二者：０．０１
〜０．８mm（望ましくは０．０５〜０．５mm）、後者：
０．５〜３mm（望ましくは１〜２mm）とする。First, a flat tube (a rectangular cross section in the illustrated example) serving as the heat transfer tube main body 39, and a metal corrugated plate 4 serving as heat transfer fins.
1 and the tube fixing plate 48 are prepared. At this time, the thicknesses of the flat tube (heat transfer tube body) 39, the metal corrugated plate 41, and the tube fixing plate 48 differ depending on the material used and the service life, but in the case of stainless steel, for example, the former first party: 0.1 1.0 mm
(Preferably 0.3-0.8 mm), former second party: 0.01
~ 0.8 mm (preferably 0.05-0.5 mm), latter:
The thickness is 0.5 to 3 mm (preferably 1 to 2 mm).
【００２５】また、扁平管の幅ｗおよび波板のピッチｐ
は、伝熱面積と霧（ミスト）または過熱蒸気の流れ抵抗
の両面を考慮して設定する必要がある。例えば、扁平管
の高さ h：２０〜４０ｍｍ、同外幅ｗ：４．２ｍｍ、波
板のピッチｐ：２．５ｍｍとする。The width w of the flat tube and the pitch p of the corrugated plate
Must be set in consideration of both the heat transfer area and the flow resistance of mist or superheated steam. For example, the height h of the flat tube is 20 to 40 mm, the outer width w is 4.2 mm, and the pitch p of the corrugated plate is 2.5 mm.
【００２６】上記波板４１の調製方法は、特に限定され
ず、慣用の方法で調製できる。例えば、引き抜きや、波
型のダイ上を歯車状ポンチを転がしてコルゲーティング
成形（プレス加工）してもよい。The method for preparing the corrugated plate 41 is not particularly limited and can be prepared by a conventional method. For example, it is possible to perform drawing or corrugating molding (pressing) by rolling a gear-shaped punch on a corrugated die.
【００２７】なお、波板４１を図４に示す如く、所定ピ
ッチで４５°方向に対向するように矩形切起こし部４１
ａ、４１ａ…を形成して扁平管３９に挿入してもよい。
この場合は、伝熱管４０の導入流体に渦流（縦渦流）が
発生して、該渦流の存在により導入流体が撹乱され相対
的な熱伝達率（伝熱効率）の向上が期待できる。As shown in FIG. 4, the corrugated plate 41 has rectangular cut-and-raised portions 41 which are opposed to each other at a predetermined pitch in the direction of 45 °.
A, 41a, ... May be formed and inserted into the flat tube 39.
In this case, a vortex flow (longitudinal vortex flow) is generated in the introduction fluid of the heat transfer tube 40, and the introduction fluid is disturbed by the presence of the vortex flow, so that the relative heat transfer coefficient (heat transfer efficiency) can be expected to be improved.
【００２８】また、伝熱管本体（扁平管）３９の断面は
矩形筒状でも長円状であってもよい。伝熱フィン（波
板）４１は、図例では、矩形波状であるが、三角山形波
状、円形波状であってもよい。The cross section of the heat transfer tube body (flat tube) 39 may be a rectangular tube or an ellipse. The heat transfer fins (corrugated plates) 41 have a rectangular wave shape in the illustrated example, but may have a triangular mountain wave shape or a circular wave shape.
【００２９】そして、波板４１の各頂部にろう材を付着
させた状態で扁平管３９に挿入した後、扁平管３９を圧
縮成形して波板４１を仮固定して、各伝熱管４０を調製
する。続いて、各伝熱管４０を管固定板４８に形成され
た伝熱管保持孔４８ａにろう材を介して挿入し伝熱管ユ
ニット４６を組み立てた後（未ろう接状態）、ユニット
４６をろう付け用加熱炉（ろう接用加熱炉）を通して、
伝熱管ユニット４６を調製する。Then, after the brazing material is attached to the tops of the corrugated plates 41 and inserted into the flat tubes 39, the flat tubes 39 are compression-molded to temporarily fix the corrugated plates 41, and the heat transfer tubes 40 are attached. Prepare. Then, after each heat transfer tube 40 is inserted into the heat transfer tube holding hole 48a formed in the tube fixing plate 48 through the brazing material to assemble the heat transfer tube unit 46 (in a non-brazing state), the unit 46 is for brazing. Through a heating furnace (heating furnace for brazing),
The heat transfer tube unit 46 is prepared.
【００３０】このとき、使用するろう材は、例えば、熱
交換器の材質をステンレスとする場合、通常、銅ろう、
またはＮｉろうを使用する。ろう付け時の加熱および冷
却条件は、ろう材の種類および熱容量を考慮して設定す
る必要がある。At this time, when the heat exchanger is made of stainless steel, the brazing material used is usually copper brazing material,
Or use Ni wax. It is necessary to set the heating and cooling conditions during brazing in consideration of the type and heat capacity of the brazing material.
【００３１】また、伝熱管の形態は、上記のものに限ら
れず、例えば、図５(a),(b) 等に示す如く、波板を使用
せずに、一枚のフープ材から順次曲げ加工して伝熱管本
体と伝熱フィンとが一体である伝熱管４０Ａ、４０Ａ´
としたり、図６(a)、(b)、(c)等に示す如く、一本また
は２本の金属パイプから多段プレス加工（圧縮・ネッキ
ング等）の塑性加工により同様に伝熱管本体と伝熱フィ
ンとが一体である伝熱管４０Ｂ、４０Ｃ、４０Ｄ等任意
である。伝熱管群を構成する伝熱管は単なる細管でもよ
く、さらに、伝熱管は図７に示す如く、横断面放射状の
波形チューブ（波板からなる）で形成された伝熱フィン
４１Ａを、伝熱管本体３９Ａの管壁内側に接して配した
二重管式熱交換器に使用される伝熱管４０Ｅを使用して
もよい。Further, the form of the heat transfer tube is not limited to the above-mentioned one, and for example, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), without using a corrugated plate, one hoop member is sequentially bent. Heat transfer tubes 40A, 40A 'in which the heat transfer tube main body and the heat transfer fins are integrally processed
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), (b), (c), etc., one or two metal pipes are similarly plastically processed by multi-step pressing (compression, necking, etc.) to transfer heat to the heat transfer tube body. The heat transfer tubes 40B, 40C, 40D that are integrated with the heat fins are optional. The heat transfer tubes forming the heat transfer tube group may be simple tubes. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the heat transfer tubes are provided with heat transfer fins 41A formed of corrugated tubes having a radial cross section (made of corrugated plates). You may use the heat transfer tube 40E used for the double-tube heat exchanger arrange | positioned in contact with the inner side of the tube wall of 39A.
【００３２】さらに、管固定板は、上記では矩形とした
が、図８に示す如く円形４８Ａとして伝熱管４０、４０
´、４０´´と幅の異なるものを配置して、円錐状噴霧
に対応するものとしてもよい。Further, although the tube fixing plate has a rectangular shape in the above, as shown in FIG. 8, it has a circular shape 48A as the heat transfer tubes 40, 40.
Widths different from those of 40 'and 40' may be arranged to correspond to the conical spray.
【００３３】そして、上記如く調製した伝熱管ユニット
４６は、管固定板４８、必要により取り付けフランジ
（図示せず）等を介して管状の電気炉４４にセットす
る。具体的には、例えば、アサヒ理化製作所社から「Ｍ
型・Ｋ型セラミック電気管状炉」の商品名で製造・販売
されている炉体密閉式カバー付きのものを好適に使用で
きる。Then, the heat transfer tube unit 46 prepared as described above is set in the tubular electric furnace 44 via the tube fixing plate 48 and, if necessary, a mounting flange (not shown). Specifically, for example, from Asahi Rika Seisakusho, "M
The type with a furnace body closed cover manufactured and sold under the trade name of "K-type ceramic electric tubular furnace" can be preferably used.
【００３４】なお噴霧ノズル３８と伝熱管ユニット４６
入り口との距離は、通常１０〜２００ｍｍとする。当該
距離が短すぎると、ミストが伝熱管ユニットの入り口全
体に広がりがたく、逆に、長すぎると所要のミスト伝熱
管内速度を確保し難くなる。The spray nozzle 38 and the heat transfer tube unit 46
The distance from the entrance is usually 10 to 200 mm. If the distance is too short, the mist is less likely to spread over the entire entrance of the heat transfer tube unit, while if it is too long, it becomes difficult to secure the required velocity within the mist heat transfer tube.
【００３５】上記では、直接加熱手段として、管状電気
炉を使用する場合を例に採ったが、ガスバーナ、電磁誘
導加熱、可撓性の線状又は面状のシーズドヒータ、等任
意である。直接加熱としたのは、蒸気などの間接加熱で
は伝熱管で過熱蒸気を得るための熱エネルギーを得難い
とともに、従来技術と同様、ボイラーを別に必要として
本発明の効果も得られないためである。In the above description, a case where a tubular electric furnace is used as the direct heating means has been taken as an example, but a gas burner, electromagnetic induction heating, a flexible linear or planar sheathed heater, etc. may be used. The reason for direct heating is that it is difficult to obtain the heat energy for obtaining superheated steam in the heat transfer tube by indirect heating with steam or the like, and the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained because a separate boiler is required as in the prior art.
【００３６】次に、上記のようにして製造した過熱蒸気
発生装置の使用態様について説明をする(図２参照）。Next, the usage of the superheated steam generator manufactured as described above will be described (see FIG. 2).
【００３７】過熱蒸気発生装置Ｈの出口は、過熱蒸気で
調理（加熱食品化加工）する調理器５０と接続管５２を
介して過熱蒸気を調理器５０に送入可能に接続されてい
る。The outlet of the superheated steam generator H is connected to the cooker 50 for cooking (heating food processing) with the superheated steam and the connection pipe 52 so that the superheated steam can be sent to the cooker 50.
【００３８】まず、管状電気炉４４を通電させて電気炉
の温度を過熱蒸気が得られる温度に昇温させておく。例
えば、３００℃以上の過熱蒸気を発生させたい場合、水
量・伝熱面積にもよるが、電気炉４４は、通常、４５０
℃以上、望ましくは、６００〜８００℃に昇温させてお
く。First, the tubular electric furnace 44 is energized to raise the temperature of the electric furnace to a temperature at which superheated steam is obtained. For example, when it is desired to generate superheated steam of 300 ° C. or higher, the electric furnace 44 usually has a temperature of 450 depending on the amount of water and the heat transfer area.
The temperature is raised to not less than 0 ° C, preferably 600 to 800 ° C.
【００３９】この状態で、水栓（水圧：４kgｆ/cm2（39
2ｋPa））に接続され電磁バルブ（図示せず）を開とし
て、噴霧ノズル３８から電気炉４４内にセットされた伝
熱管ユニット４６の入り口に向けて水を噴霧する。この
とき水滴径の大きさは、通常、0.1〜100μm、望ましく
は、0.5〜１０μmとする。水滴径が小さい方が過熱蒸気
化しやすいが、噴霧効率が極端に低下する。逆に、水滴
径が大きくなると過熱蒸気化が困難となる。In this state, the faucet (water pressure: 4 kgf / cm 2 (39
2 kPa)) and an electromagnetic valve (not shown) is opened to spray water from the spray nozzle 38 toward the inlet of the heat transfer tube unit 46 set in the electric furnace 44. At this time, the size of the water droplet is usually 0.1 to 100 μm, preferably 0.5 to 10 μm. The smaller the water droplet size, the more easily it becomes superheated steam, but the spraying efficiency drops extremely. On the contrary, when the water droplet size becomes large, it becomes difficult to superheat the steam.
【００４０】すると、前述の如く、ミスト（微小水滴集
合体）は瞬時に蒸気化され、さらに過熱されて過熱蒸気
となる。なお、供給水の水道水（常温）に限定されず、
太陽温水器、セントラル給湯設備からの温水を使用して
もよい。この場合は、より高温の過熱蒸気を得られる。
また、被過熱蒸気処理物の処理目的に応じて、浄化した
水や、適宜、薬剤を添加した調製水を過熱蒸気装置に供
給してもよい。Then, as described above, the mist (aggregate of minute water droplets) is instantly vaporized and further heated to become superheated vapor. In addition, it is not limited to tap water (normal temperature) of supply water,
You may use hot water from a solar water heater or central hot water supply. In this case, higher temperature superheated steam can be obtained.
In addition, purified water or appropriately prepared water to which a chemical is added may be supplied to the superheated steam apparatus depending on the purpose of treating the superheated steam-treated product.
【００４１】過熱蒸気は調理器内に流入して、食品加熱
加工に使用される。この過熱蒸気は、単なる食品加熱は
勿論、パンを蒸し焼きすることも可能である。また、過
熱蒸気（水蒸気）は、脱油効果もあり、コンビニエンス
ストアやファーストフード店、小規模飲食店における、
揚げ物食品の再加熱、冷凍の揚げ物を調理したような場
合、サクサク感のある仕上がりが可能となる。さらに
は、粉末油脂等を利用したノンフライの食品加工も可能
となるものである。また、過熱蒸気中では、無酸素の状
態となり食品の酸化防止にもなる。The superheated steam flows into the cooking device and is used for food heating processing. This superheated steam can be used not only for heating food but also for steaming bread. In addition, superheated steam (steam) also has a deoiling effect, which can be used in convenience stores, fast food restaurants, and small restaurants.
When fried foods are reheated or frozen fried foods are cooked, a crispy finish is possible. Furthermore, non-fried food processing using powdered fats and oils is possible. Further, in superheated steam, it becomes anoxic and also prevents the oxidation of food.
【００４２】[0042]
【実施例】図２に示す調理器と接続された過熱蒸気発生
装置において、電気炉温度（Ａ点）700℃における水
噴霧量変化による蒸気温度変化（調理器内温度：Ｂ点及
び出口直前温度Ｃ点）、電気炉温度（Ａ点）変化によ
る蒸気温度変化（Ｃ点）の測定結果を、図９・１０にそ
れぞれ示す。なお、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃは、それぞれ温度測定用
の熱電対である。[Example] In the superheated steam generator connected to the cooker shown in FIG. 2, the steam temperature changes due to the change in the water spray amount at the electric furnace temperature (point A) of 700 ° C. (cooker temperature: point B and temperature immediately before exit) 9 and 10 show measurement results of steam temperature change (point C) due to change in electric furnace temperature (point A), respectively. In addition, A, B, and C are thermocouples for temperature measurement, respectively.
【００４３】なお、各部材はそれぞれ下記仕様のものを
使用した。Each member had the following specifications.
【００４４】噴霧ノズル：トヨタビッツ（商品名）用イ
ンジェクター（該加圧ノズルの性能を図１１・１２に示
す。図１１は噴霧形状のモデル図、図１２は水圧3.8kgf
/cm2（372.4kPa）のときの各発振幅（一回あたりに吹く
時間）に対する噴霧量を示すグラフ図である。）
伝熱管：図３において幅36ｍｍ×高さ5ｍｍ×長さ250ｍ
ｍ×肉厚0.15ｍｍの伝熱管4本構成、伝熱管内部空隙断
面積：２５３cm2、合計伝熱面積：１０１４cm 2
電気炉：「ＡＲＦ−８０ＫＣ」1200Ｗ、炉内寸法（８０
φ×３００Ｌ）
調理器：内部容量（幅１５０ｍｍ×高さ１５０ｍｍ×長
さ１５０ｍｍ）
図９から水噴霧量が所定以上でないと過熱蒸気を得難い
ことが分かる。水分子が多いと運搬熱量が多くなるため
である。Spray nozzle: for Toyota Bits (trade name)
Injector (The performance of the pressure nozzle is shown in Figs. 11 and 12)
You Fig. 11 is a model diagram of the spray shape, and Fig. 12 is a water pressure of 3.8kgf.
/cm2Each emission amplitude at (372.4kPa) (Blows once)
It is a graph which shows the spray amount with respect to time. )
Heat transfer tube: 36 mm wide x 5 mm high x 250 m long in Figure 3
m x wall thickness 0.15mm, 4 heat transfer tubes, open space inside heat transfer tube
Area: 253cm2, Total heat transfer area: 1014cm 2
Electric furnace: "ARF-80KC" 1200W, size in furnace (80
φ × 300L)
Cooker: Internal capacity (width 150 mm x height 150 mm x length
150 mm)
From Fig. 9, it is difficult to obtain superheated steam unless the amount of water spray is more than a predetermined amount.
I understand. If there are many water molecules, the amount of heat transferred will increase.
Is.
【００４５】図１０から電気炉温度（加熱温度）が450
℃以上、望ましくは500℃以上あれば、300℃以上又は40
0℃以上の過熱蒸気が得られることが分かる。From FIG. 10, the electric furnace temperature (heating temperature) is 450.
℃ or more, preferably 500 ℃ or more, 300 ℃ or more or 40
It can be seen that superheated steam above 0 ° C is obtained.
【００４６】[0046]
【産業上の利用の可能性】本発明の過熱蒸気発生装置
は、上記のような食品加工ばかりでなく、塑性加工工程
を経た金属製品の脱脂処理、さらには、無酸素状態にお
ける木材等の炭化処理（炭化製品の製造）、各種素材の
殺菌・乾燥等への適用も期待できるものである。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The superheated steam generator of the present invention is not only used for food processing as described above, but also for degreasing metal products that have undergone a plastic working process, and for carbonizing wood or the like in an oxygen-free state. It can be expected to be applied to treatment (manufacturing of carbonized products) and sterilization / drying of various materials.
【図１】従来における過熱蒸気発生装置の概略図FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional superheated steam generator.
【図２】本発明の一実施形態を示す過熱蒸気発生装置
（調理器と接続した）の概略図FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a superheated steam generator (connected to a cooker) showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明に使用する伝熱管ユニットの製造工程を
示す概略説明図FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of a heat transfer tube unit used in the present invention.
【図４】図３における別の態様の波板（伝熱フィン）の
平面図及び側面図FIG. 4 is a plan view and a side view of the corrugated plate (heat transfer fin) of another embodiment in FIG.
【図５】一枚のフープ（金属板）から製造した伝熱管の
各形態を示す横断面図FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing each form of a heat transfer tube manufactured from one hoop (metal plate).
【図６】パイプ材から形成する伝熱管の各形態を示す横
断面図FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing each form of a heat transfer tube formed from a pipe material.
【図７】伝熱管の更に別の形態を示す断面図FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing still another form of the heat transfer tube.
【図８】伝熱管ユニットの別の態様を示す断面図FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the heat transfer tube unit.
【図９】本発明の実施例における水噴霧量変化による蒸
気温度変化の測定結果を示すグラフ図FIG. 9 is a graph showing measurement results of changes in steam temperature due to changes in the amount of water spray in the example of the present invention.
【図１０】同じく電気炉温度変化による蒸気温度変化の
測定結果を示すグラフ図FIG. 10 is a graph showing the measurement result of steam temperature change due to electric furnace temperature change.
【図１１】同じく使用した噴霧ノズルの噴霧形状を示す
モデル図FIG. 11 is a model diagram showing the spray shape of the spray nozzle that is also used.
【図１２】同じく噴霧ノズルの各発振幅に対する噴霧量
を示すグラフ図FIG. 12 is a graph showing the amount of spray for each amplitude of the spray nozzle.
３８ 噴霧ノズル ４０ 伝熱管 ４１ 伝熱フィン（波板） ４２ 伝熱管群 ４４ 電気炉（直接過熱手段） ５０ 調理器 38 Spray nozzle 40 heat transfer tube 41 Heat transfer fin (corrugated plate) 42 Heat transfer tube group 44 Electric furnace (direct heating means) 50 cooker
Claims (8)
と、該噴霧ノズルからの霧（微小水滴集合体）を導入・
導出する１本又は複数本の伝熱管と、前記電熱管を直接
的に加熱する直接加熱手段とを構成要素として含むこと
を特徴とする過熱蒸気発生装置。1. A spray nozzle for spraying normal temperature water or warm water, and a mist (aggregate of minute water drops) from the spray nozzle are introduced.
An overheated steam generation device comprising one or a plurality of heat transfer pipes to be led out and a direct heating means for directly heating the electric heating pipes as constituent elements.
を特徴とする請求項１記載の過熱蒸気発生装置。2. The superheated steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle is of a pressure type.
伝熱管本体の長手方向の対向面間をつなぐ、又は、該対
向面の双方又は一方から突出する多数の伝熱フィンとか
らなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の過熱蒸気発生装
置。3. The heat transfer tube is composed of a heat transfer tube body having a flat cross section and a plurality of heat transfer fins connecting between opposing surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube body, or protruding from both or one of the opposing surfaces. The superheated steam generator according to claim 1, wherein
部が加熱部に配される筒状電気炉であることを特徴とす
る請求項１、２又は３記載の過熱蒸気発生装置。4. The superheated steam generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the direct heating means is a cylindrical electric furnace in which a heat receiving portion of the heat transfer tube is arranged in a heating portion.
とし、該霧状体を一本又は複数本の伝熱管に導入すると
ともに、該伝熱管の受熱部を直接的に加熱して、前記霧
状体を過熱蒸気として前記伝熱管から導出することを特
徴とする過熱蒸気の発生方法。5. Room temperature water or warm water is sprayed to form an atomized body, the atomized body is introduced into one or a plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the heat receiving portion of the heat transfer tube is directly heated. A method for generating superheated steam, characterized in that the atomized body is led out as superheated steam from the heat transfer tube.
を特徴とする請求項５記載の過熱蒸気の発生方法。6. The method for generating superheated steam according to claim 5, wherein the spray nozzle is of a pressurized type.
体と該伝熱管本体の長手方向の対向面間をつなぐ、又
は、該対向面の双方又は一方から突出する多数の伝熱フ
ィンとからなるものを使用することを特徴とする請求項
５記載の過熱蒸気の発生方法。7. The heat transfer tube comprises a heat transfer tube main body having a flat cross section and a plurality of heat transfer fins connecting between opposed surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube main body, or protruding from both or one of the opposed surfaces. The method for generating superheated steam according to claim 5, characterized in that
部に配して前記直接的な過熱を行うことを特徴とする請
求項５、６又は７記載の過熱蒸気の発生方法。8. The method for generating superheated steam according to claim 5, wherein the heat receiving portion of the heat transfer tube is arranged in a heating portion of a cylindrical electric furnace to perform the direct superheating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001195285A JP2003014203A (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Superheated steam generating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001195285A JP2003014203A (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Superheated steam generating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003014203A true JP2003014203A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
Family
ID=19033291
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
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| JP2004267518A (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-30 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Steam type cooking apparatus |
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| JP2005185157A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Sharp Corp | Separation method and separator |
| JP2005211012A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Sharp Corp | Method and apparatus for processing food |
| JP2006170567A (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-29 | Jipangu Energy:Kk | Clean steam producing method and producing system |
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| JP2007017097A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-25 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | Method and device for vapor generation, vapor processing device, and storage medium for vapor generation |
| WO2007126197A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-08 | Jaeyoung Solutec Co., Ltd | Heating, sterilizing and drying appliance using superheated steam generator |
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| JP2017044384A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-02 | 中部電力株式会社 | High-temperature fluid generation device |
| JP2023011427A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-24 | 株式会社流機エンジニアリング | Superheated steam production utilization system |
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| JP2004267518A (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-30 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Steam type cooking apparatus |
| JP2004308978A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-11-04 | Tadashi Miyamoto | Connection type boiler system |
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