GB831133A - Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes - Google Patents

Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes

Info

Publication number
GB831133A
GB831133A GB19606/56A GB1960656A GB831133A GB 831133 A GB831133 A GB 831133A GB 19606/56 A GB19606/56 A GB 19606/56A GB 1960656 A GB1960656 A GB 1960656A GB 831133 A GB831133 A GB 831133A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
zirconium
porous layer
titanium
base
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB19606/56A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of GB831133A publication Critical patent/GB831133A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/325—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with layers graded in composition or in physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
    • H01J9/042—Manufacture, activation of the emissive part
    • H01J9/047—Cathodes having impregnated bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12007—Component of composite having metal continuous phase interengaged with nonmetal continuous phase
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12931—Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base components, alternative to each other

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)

Abstract

831,133. Cathode materials and processing. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. June 25, 1956 [June 28, 1955], No. 19606/56. Drawings to Specification. Class 39(1). A thermionic cathode consists of a metal base, a porous layer of metal particles alloyed together and to the base by titanium or zirconium, and an emissive coating impregnating and overlying the porous layer. If the emissive coating is an alkaline earth carbonate, the base metal may suitably be nickel, iron, or platinum, and the porous layer may be formed from a powdered mixture of one of these three with titanium or zirconium (or the hydrides thereof). If the emissive coating is thorium oxide, which involves a higher operating temperature, the base metal may more suitably be tungsten or tantalum, and the porous layer formed from a powdered mixture of tungsten with zirconium. The alloying is carried out by vacuum firing, and suitable times and temperatures are given for various combinations of materials. The emissive material, suspended in a binder, is then painted on. The titanium or zirconium also acts as a getter.
GB19606/56A 1955-06-28 1956-06-25 Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes Expired GB831133A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US518547A US2996795A (en) 1955-06-28 1955-06-28 Thermionic cathodes and methods of making

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB831133A true GB831133A (en) 1960-03-23

Family

ID=24064419

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB20633/59A Expired GB836109A (en) 1955-06-28 1956-06-25 Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes
GB19606/56A Expired GB831133A (en) 1955-06-28 1956-06-25 Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB20633/59A Expired GB836109A (en) 1955-06-28 1956-06-25 Improvements relating to thermionic cathodes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2996795A (en)
FR (1) FR1154716A (en)
GB (2) GB836109A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2168193A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-06-11 Oxford Lasers Ltd Laser discharge tube

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3159461A (en) * 1958-10-20 1964-12-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermionic cathode
US3153279A (en) * 1959-05-29 1964-10-20 Horst Corp Of America V D Heat resistant solid structure
US3224071A (en) * 1960-03-14 1965-12-21 Philips Corp Brazing method for porous bodies
US3170772A (en) * 1961-01-05 1965-02-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Oxide coated cathodes for electron tubes
US3238596A (en) * 1962-10-23 1966-03-08 Sperry Rand Corp Method of fabricating a matrix cathode
US3327158A (en) * 1963-06-26 1967-06-20 Sylvania Electric Prod Semi-dispenser cathode with overlying emissive coating
US3328623A (en) * 1964-03-02 1967-06-27 Sylvania Electric Prod Surge arrestor having electrodes containing a low resistivity metal
US3323924A (en) * 1964-03-27 1967-06-06 Varian Associates Low dielectric loss metallizing paint composition having a reduced sintering temperature
US3340026A (en) * 1964-12-03 1967-09-05 Bendix Corp Composite article of bonded refractory metal and a ceramic
US3545944A (en) * 1965-03-10 1970-12-08 United Aircraft Corp Composite metal article having an intermediate bonding layer of nickel aluminide
US3395993A (en) * 1966-06-22 1968-08-06 Gen Electric Titanium activated nickel seal and method of forming it
US3351486A (en) * 1966-11-23 1967-11-07 Sylvania Electric Prod Cathodes
US3641298A (en) * 1967-07-19 1972-02-08 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electrically conductive material and electrical contact
US3620645A (en) * 1970-05-01 1971-11-16 Getters Spa Getter device
JPS5641636A (en) * 1979-09-12 1981-04-18 Hitachi Ltd Directly heated type oxide cathode
US4415835A (en) * 1981-06-22 1983-11-15 General Electric Company Electron emissive coatings for electric discharge devices
US4663559A (en) * 1982-09-17 1987-05-05 Christensen Alton O Field emission device

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1075782A (en) * 1910-10-19 1913-10-14 Goldschmidt Ag Th Method of raising the alloying qualification of titanium.
US1221769A (en) * 1916-10-30 1917-04-03 Cooper Company Alloy.
US2103033A (en) * 1934-08-10 1937-12-21 Gen Electric Electron emissive electrode
NL48128C (en) * 1935-02-23
US2149657A (en) * 1936-03-12 1939-03-07 Tungsten Electrodeposit Corp Thermionic tube
US2172207A (en) * 1936-09-19 1939-09-05 Siemens Ag Glow cathode
US2179110A (en) * 1938-08-27 1939-11-07 Rca Corp Cathode for electron discharge devices
BE446289A (en) * 1941-07-03
US2339392A (en) * 1942-10-06 1944-01-18 Rca Corp Cathode
US2417730A (en) * 1942-11-30 1947-03-18 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron tube and method of making same
CH249243A (en) * 1943-01-15 1947-06-15 Philips Nv Gas or vapor-filled electric discharge tube.
US2557372A (en) * 1948-02-21 1951-06-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Manufacture of thoria cathodes
US2775531A (en) * 1949-05-10 1956-12-25 Univ Ohio State Res Found Method of coating a metal surface
GB700606A (en) * 1949-07-27 1953-12-09 M O Valve Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to thermionic cathodes and materials therefor
US2674542A (en) * 1951-02-06 1954-04-06 Metal Hydrides Inc Method for producing hard surfaced titanium
US2719355A (en) * 1952-10-03 1955-10-04 Rca Corp Carbonized metal and method of making it

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2168193A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-06-11 Oxford Lasers Ltd Laser discharge tube
GB2168193B (en) * 1984-10-18 1989-05-24 Oxford Lasers Ltd Improvements in lasers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB836109A (en) 1960-06-01
FR1154716A (en) 1958-04-16
US2996795A (en) 1961-08-22

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