FR2666489A1 - Block, of various fibres, which can be automatically drained, for crops (cultivation) in a soil-less medium - Google Patents

Block, of various fibres, which can be automatically drained, for crops (cultivation) in a soil-less medium Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2666489A1
FR2666489A1 FR9011148A FR9011148A FR2666489A1 FR 2666489 A1 FR2666489 A1 FR 2666489A1 FR 9011148 A FR9011148 A FR 9011148A FR 9011148 A FR9011148 A FR 9011148A FR 2666489 A1 FR2666489 A1 FR 2666489A1
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France
Prior art keywords
bread
holes
self
cultures
draining
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Granted
Application number
FR9011148A
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French (fr)
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FR2666489B1 (en
Inventor
Joublin Bernard
Joseph
Raymond
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JOUBLIN BERNARD
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JOUBLIN BERNARD
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Publication date
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Priority to FR9011148A priority Critical patent/FR2666489B1/en
Publication of FR2666489A1 publication Critical patent/FR2666489A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2666489B1 publication Critical patent/FR2666489B1/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/50Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/18Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

Block, of various fibres, which can be automatically drained, for crops in a soil-less medium, which is encased on its six faces by a casing (5) made from leakproof plastic, for example a film, characterised in that the casing (5) includes, on its lateral walls, holes (7) distributed in a convenient manner, which holes are normally closed off by discs (6) or strips fixed on the casing (5) by an adhesive product.

Description

Pour les fleurs et certains produits maraîchers, on utilise de plus-en plus des cultures dites hors-sol, c'est-à-dire que l'on reproduit un sol pour un substrat de cultures hydrophiles, le plus souvent réalisé en fibres de roche ou en fibres de verre ou même la combinaison des deux. On utilise également des pains en mousse de plastique, en fibre de bois, en matériaux hydrorétenteurs, en tourbe, etc... Ces fibres, obtenues par différents procédés a partir de matériaux soigneusement sélectionnés, donnent un produit stable, stérile, exempt de toutes matières organiques, bactéries, mauvaises herbes, etc... For flowers and certain market gardening products, so-called soilless crops are being used more and more, that is to say that a soil is reproduced for a substrate of hydrophilic crops, most often made of fibers of rock or fiberglass or even a combination of both. We also use plastic foam, wood fiber, hydroreentent, peat, etc ... These fibers, obtained by different processes from carefully selected materials, give a stable, sterile product, free of all organic matter, bacteria, weeds, etc.

Le substrat a une composition chimique voisine de celle d'un sol moyen, mais m la différence de la terre, les éléments constitutifs du produit ne sont pas assimilables. The substrate has a chemical composition close to that of an average soil, but m unlike the earth, the constituent elements of the product cannot be assimilated.

Il convient donc d'apporter à la plante tous les éléments nutritifs nécessaires à sa croissance en les dosant avec précision. It is therefore advisable to provide the plant with all the nutrients necessary for its growth by metering them with precision.

Cette culture hors-sol présente de nombreux avantages en particulier
- accélération de la croissance des racines et
précocité,
- diminution de la main-d'oeuvre et de la
consommation d'énergie,
- amélioration du rendement et de la qualité des
récoltes.
This soilless culture has many advantages in particular
- acceleration of root growth and
precocity,
- decrease in labor and
energy consumption,
- improvement of the yield and quality of
harvests.

Ce substrat de culture hydrophile se présente sous la forme de pain sensiblement parallélépipèdique et se caractérise par
- une excellente répartition des fibres A
l'horizontale qui entraîne une colonisation
homogène des racines,
- une bonne tenue mécanique, facilitant la
manutention et le réemploi pour les pains en
laine de roche,
- une exceptionnelle porosité (96 %) qui, jointe
une hydrophilie très élevée, met à la
disposition des racines, l'air, l'eau et les
éléments nutritifs apportés par le goutte-à-goutte.
This hydrophilic culture substrate is in the form of substantially rectangular bread and is characterized by
- excellent distribution of A fibers
the horizontal which leads to colonization
homogeneous roots,
- good mechanical strength, facilitating
handling and reuse for breads in
Rockwool,
- an exceptional porosity (96%) which, attached
a very high hydrophilicity,
arrangement of roots, air, water and
nutrients provided by the drip.

Avant la mise en place des cultures, chaque pain doit être saturé d'eau afin que sa capillarité soit uniforme dans la masse. Ce premier arrosage fait absorber un volume d'eau égal à au moins 80 % du volume de la laine. Before setting up the cultures, each bread must be saturated with water so that its capillarity is uniform in the mass. This first watering makes absorb a volume of water equal to at least 80% of the volume of the wool.

Comme chaque pain ne contient aucun élément nutritif, il faut apporter en permanence aux végétaux cultivés une solution fertilisante adaptée à leurs besoins, ainsi qu'à l'époque de culture et au stade de développement de la plante. As each loaf contains no nutrients, it is necessary to permanently supply cultivated plants with a fertilizing solution adapted to their needs, as well as at the time of cultivation and the stage of development of the plant.

A partir d'une analyse fine de l'eau, on peut étudier une formule de fertilisation parfaitement équilibrée et spécifique à chaque cas particulier. From a fine analysis of the water, we can study a perfectly balanced fertilization formula specific to each particular case.

Cette culture hors-sol présente un inconvénient, car lorsque le pain est préalablement saturé d'eau et de solution nutritive, au bout de quelques jours, il faut l'essorer pour que les racines ne se trouvent pas immergées dans le liquide et se nécrosent. This above-ground culture has a drawback, because when the bread is saturated with water and nutritive solution beforehand, after a few days, it must be wrung out so that the roots are not immersed in the liquid and become necrotized .

Jusqu'à présent, on était amené à effectuer des fentes au couteau verticalement à la base de chaque pain, afin d'évacuer la solution utilisée pour un premier détrempage, ce qui est toujours long et fastidieux
La présente invention remédie à cet inconvénient en créant un moyen simple permettant d'assurer la vidange de la solution.
Until now, we had to make slits with a knife vertically at the base of each loaf, in order to evacuate the solution used for a first soaking, which is always long and tedious
The present invention overcomes this drawback by creating a simple means for ensuring the emptying of the solution.

Conformément à l'invention, le pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol, est enveloppé sur ses six faces par une enveloppe en matière plastique étanche, par exemple un film, et est caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe comporte, sur ses parois latérales, des trous répartis convenablement, trous normalement obturés par des pastilles ou bandes, fixées sur l'enveloppe par un produit collant.  In accordance with the invention, the bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium, is wrapped on its six faces by an envelope made of waterproof plastic, for example a film, and is characterized in that the envelope has, on its side walls, holes suitably distributed, holes normally closed by pellets or strips, fixed to the envelope by a sticky product.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention
- au moins une des pastilles ou le produit collant est hydrosoluble
- au moins une des pastilles ou le produit collant est non soluble,
- les trous sont fermés par une bande continue auto-collante au moyen d'un produit analogue au produit collant des pastilles,
- les trous sont fermés par des pastilles en matière soluble à l'eau, fixées sur l'enveloppe par le produit collant.
According to other features of the invention
- at least one of the pastilles where the sticky product is water-soluble
- at least one of the pastilles or the sticky product is not soluble,
the holes are closed by a continuous self-adhesive strip by means of a product similar to the adhesive product of the pellets,
- the holes are closed by pellets made of water-soluble material, fixed to the envelope by the sticky product.

- les pastilles sont imperméables,
Diverses autres caractéristiques de l'invention ressortent d'ailleurs de la description détaillée qui suit.
- the pellets are waterproof,
Various other characteristics of the invention will also emerge from the detailed description which follows.

Une forme de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention est représentée, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, aux dessins annexés. An embodiment of the object of the invention is shown, by way of nonlimiting example, in the accompanying drawings.

La fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'un pain conforme à l'invention. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bread according to the invention.

La fig. 2 est une coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a section along line II-II of FIG. 1.

La fig. 3 est une élévation partielle d'un pain comportant une légère modification du dispositif de l'invention. Fig. 3 is a partial elevation of a bread comprising a slight modification of the device of the invention.

A la fig. 1, on a représenté un pain 1 de culture hors-sol 1 affectant la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle et qui est constitué par un amalgame de fibres, par exemple, des fibres de roche et/ou des fibres de verre, etc... In fig. 1, a bread 1 of above-ground culture 1 has been shown which has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and which consists of an amalgam of fibers, for example, rock fibers and / or glass fibers, etc. .

Sur le dessus du pain, sont prévues des ouvertures 2 percées dans l'enveloppe plastique 5 afin de disposer les racines 3 des plantes 4 directement sur les fibres. Le pain 1 est revêtu sur ses six faces d'une enveloppe 5 constituée par un film de matière plastique étanche à l'eau de façon que lorsque le pain 1 est suffisamment imprégné d'eau, on puisse disposer les plantes 3, comme dit ci-dessus, sur les trous 2 et ensuite, par différents procédés, par exemple, le goutte à goutte,on apporte la solution nutritive. On the top of the bread, there are provided openings 2 pierced in the plastic envelope 5 in order to arrange the roots 3 of the plants 4 directly on the fibers. The bread 1 is coated on its six faces with an envelope 5 constituted by a film of plastic material waterproof so that when the bread 1 is sufficiently impregnated with water, the plants 3 can be placed, as said above. above, on the holes 2 and then, by different methods, for example, the drip, the nutrient solution is brought.

Au bout d'un certain temps, généralement 24 heures, on vidange le mélange eau et solution nutritive en décollant les pastilles imperméables 6 qui ferment les trous 7 percés dans la base du pain 1 et répartis convenablement. L'eau et la solution nutritive s'échappent du pain et on peut de nouveau alimenter le pain 1 en eau et en solution nutritive fraîche dans des proportions calculées à l'avance pour assurer un développement correct de la plante afin d'obtenir des fleurs, des fruits, des légumes, etc... dans des temps assez courts, de grande qualité, et de production précoce. After a certain time, generally 24 hours, the water and nutrient solution is emptied by peeling off the impermeable pellets 6 which close the holes 7 drilled in the base of the bread 1 and distributed properly. The water and the nutritive solution escape from the bread and the bread 1 can again be supplied with water and fresh nutritive solution in proportions calculated in advance to ensure correct development of the plant in order to obtain flowers. , fruits, vegetables, etc ... in fairly short time, of high quality, and of early production.

Les pastilles 6 sont maintenues au départ sur les trous 7 par une colle susceptible d'être facilement détruite par la solution nutritive, ou ces pastilles sont réalisées en une matière qui se dissout au contact de la solution nutritive. The pellets 6 are held at the start on the holes 7 by an adhesive capable of being easily destroyed by the nutritive solution, or these pellets are made of a material which dissolves on contact with the nutritive solution.

Pour permettre un travail correct, il n'est pas nécessaire d'enlever toutes les pastilles 6 sur la partie inférieure du pain 1 et ces pastilles peuvent être maintenues plus longtemps suivant les cas. De même, on peut également, comme on peut le voir d la fig. 3, fermer tous les trous 7 par une bande auto-collante 10 que l'on peut arracher totalement ou partiellement d'un seul geste suivant le type de plantes cultivées. To allow correct work, it is not necessary to remove all the pellets 6 on the lower part of the bread 1 and these pellets can be maintained longer depending on the case. Likewise, it is also possible, as can be seen from FIG. 3, close all the holes 7 with a self-adhesive strip 10 which can be completely or partially torn off with a single gesture depending on the type of plants cultivated.

L'enveloppe en matière plastique étanche est réalisée le plus souvent par un film à face externe blanche et à face interne noire gardant la chaleur. The waterproof plastic envelope is most often produced by a film with a white external face and a black internal face retaining heat.

En général, on utilise un film complexe multicouches. In general, a complex multilayer film is used.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, la couche noire est en général un polyéthylène de basse densité. De même, on peut utiliser un copolymère éthylène - acétate de vinyle dont le maximum du pic endothermique est à 1050C environ. By way of nonlimiting example, the black layer is generally a low density polyethylene. Similarly, one can use an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer whose maximum endothermic peak is at around 1050C.

Dans le cas de pastilles collées, le joint de collage est réalisé à partir drun composé à base d'alcool polyvinylique hydrosoluble. In the case of bonded tablets, the bonding joint is made from a compound based on water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol.

La dimension du trou d'évacuation 7 et celle de la pastille, détermine la durée de désoperculage. The dimension of the evacuation hole 7 and that of the pellet determines the duration of uncapping.

Finalement, il est à signaler que l'on peut utiliser comme colle pour les pastilles, un adhésif a base de cyanoacrylate.  Finally, it should be noted that a cyanoacrylate adhesive can be used as glue for the pellets.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS I - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol, qui est enveloppé sur ses six faces par une enveloppe (5) en matière plastique étanche, par exemple un film, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (5) comporte, sur ses parois latérales, des trous (7) répartis convenablement, trous normalement obturés par des pastilles (6) ou bandes, fixées sur l'enveloppe (5) par un produit collant. I - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium, which is wrapped on its six faces by an envelope (5) made of waterproof plastic, for example a film, characterized in that the envelope (5) has, on its side walls, holes (7) suitably distributed, holes normally closed by pellets (6) or strips, fixed to the envelope (5) by a sticky product. 2 - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol, suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des pastilles ou le produit collant est hydrosoluble. 2 - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium, according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the pastilles or the sticky product is water-soluble. 3 - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol, suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des pastilles ou le produit collant est non soluble. 3 - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium, according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the pastilles or the sticky product is not soluble. 4 - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les trous (7) sont fermés par une bande continue (10) auto-collante. 4 - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes (7) are closed by a continuous strip (10) self-adhesive. 5 - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les trous (7) sont fermés par des pastilles en matière soluble à l'eau, fixées sur l'enveloppe (5) par le produit collant. 5 - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holes (7) are closed by pellets made of water-soluble material, fixed on the envelope (5) by the sticky product. 6 - Pain, de fibres diverses, auto-vidangeable pour les cultures en milieu hors-sol, suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que les pastilles (6) sont imperméables.  6 - Bread, of various fibers, self-draining for cultures in an above-ground environment, according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the pellets (6) are waterproof.
FR9011148A 1990-09-07 1990-09-07 SELF-DRAINING VARIOUS FIBER BREAD FOR CROPS IN ABOVE GROUND. Expired - Fee Related FR2666489B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011148A FR2666489B1 (en) 1990-09-07 1990-09-07 SELF-DRAINING VARIOUS FIBER BREAD FOR CROPS IN ABOVE GROUND.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011148A FR2666489B1 (en) 1990-09-07 1990-09-07 SELF-DRAINING VARIOUS FIBER BREAD FOR CROPS IN ABOVE GROUND.

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Publication Number Publication Date
FR2666489A1 true FR2666489A1 (en) 1992-03-13
FR2666489B1 FR2666489B1 (en) 1993-07-30

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0628243A1 (en) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-14 Isover Saint-Gobain Soilless culture system and process for reusing such a system
EP0764400A1 (en) * 1995-09-19 1997-03-26 Mikado Chemical M.F.G. Co. Plant-growing system and plant-growing method
WO2007092259A2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Glen Aery Gnat-trapping hydroponic lid and wrapper and method for use thereof
EP2204085A3 (en) * 2006-06-20 2012-12-19 Nucea Substrate SARL Vegetable support for soilless cultivation of market and horticultural plants

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0277397A1 (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-10 Rockwool Lapinus B.V. Grow-mat for cultivating plants and a method for manufacturing same
WO1989004600A1 (en) * 1987-11-27 1989-06-01 Everlite A/S Plant-growth trough for earthless growing of plants
EP0369771A1 (en) * 1988-11-15 1990-05-23 Hollinee Corporation Plant growth bed incorporating textile fibers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0277397A1 (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-10 Rockwool Lapinus B.V. Grow-mat for cultivating plants and a method for manufacturing same
WO1989004600A1 (en) * 1987-11-27 1989-06-01 Everlite A/S Plant-growth trough for earthless growing of plants
EP0369771A1 (en) * 1988-11-15 1990-05-23 Hollinee Corporation Plant growth bed incorporating textile fibers

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0628243A1 (en) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-14 Isover Saint-Gobain Soilless culture system and process for reusing such a system
FR2706242A1 (en) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-23 Saint Gobain Isover Soil-less cultivation system and method for reusing such a system.
EP0764400A1 (en) * 1995-09-19 1997-03-26 Mikado Chemical M.F.G. Co. Plant-growing system and plant-growing method
US5761847A (en) * 1995-09-19 1998-06-09 Mikado Chemical M.F.G. Co. Plant-growing system and plant-growing method
WO2007092259A2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Glen Aery Gnat-trapping hydroponic lid and wrapper and method for use thereof
WO2007092259A3 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-10-11 Glen Aery Gnat-trapping hydroponic lid and wrapper and method for use thereof
EP2204085A3 (en) * 2006-06-20 2012-12-19 Nucea Substrate SARL Vegetable support for soilless cultivation of market and horticultural plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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