EP0203069A1

EP0203069A1 - A method for cultivating plants

Info

Publication number: EP0203069A1
Application number: EP85900802A
Authority: EP
Inventors: David Heinstedt
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1984-01-23
Filing date: 1985-01-22
Publication date: 1986-12-03
Also published as: AU3884085A; SE8400328D0; SE8400328L; SE446494B; WO1985003191A1

Abstract

Procédé pour cultiver des plantes, où l'on fait germer une graine (2) lors d'une première étape de culture ou une bouture est plantée en vue d'une croissance dans une petite quantité de milieu de culture sous des conditions relativement qualifiées, par exemple dans une serre, et où la plante produite par germination ou la bouture développée est replantée lors d'une seconde étape de culture ultérieure dans un autre milieu de culture dans lequel elle peut croître sous des conditions moins qualifiées. Le milieu de culture utilisé pendant la première étape de culture comporte un corps (1) de milieu de culture relativement petit, de forme stable semblable à un bouchon. Après la germination de la graine (1) ou le développement de la bouture jusqu'à un point désiré, le corps (1) de milieu de culture de forme stable semblable à un bouchon est placé dans une niche formée dans un corps (3) de milieu de culture de forme stable mais plus grand en vue de poursuivre la croisance, le milieu de culture comportant un agrégat particulaire de fibres cellulosiques comprimées de haute densité, présentant des micropores capables d'absorber de l'eau et définissant entre ceux-ci des macropores perméables à l'air.Method for cultivating plants, where a seed (2) is germinated during a first stage of cultivation or a cutting is planted for growth in a small amount of cultivation medium under relatively qualified conditions, for example in a greenhouse, and where the plant produced by germination or the cuttings developed is replanted during a second subsequent cultivation step in another culture medium in which it can grow under less qualified conditions. The culture medium used during the first culture step comprises a body (1) of relatively small culture medium, of stable shape similar to a plug. After germination of the seed (1) or development of the cutting to a desired point, the body (1) of culture medium of stable shape similar to a plug is placed in a niche formed in a body (3) of culture medium of stable form but larger in order to continue growth, the culture medium comprising a particulate aggregate of compressed high density cellulosic fibers, having micropores capable of absorbing water and defining therebetween air-permeable macropores.

Description

A method for cultivating plants

The present invention relates to a method for culti¬ vating plants, in which in a first cultivating stage a seed is germinated or a cutting is caused to grow in a small quantity of cultivating medium under relatively qual fied conditions, e.g. in a greenhouse, and iri which in a second cultivating stage the germinated plant or the developed cutting, subsequent to being re-planted in anoth cultivating medium, are permitted to grow under less quali fied conditions. Such a method forms part of the prior art. When prac¬ tising this known method, small limbs of given plants are inserted into a particulate cultivating medium, for exampl soil, enclosed in a small paper or plastics container, and caused to grow under relatively qualified conditions of th kind requiring the use of expensive environments in the form of greenhouses, which must be heated by supplying som form of energy. As soon as the cutting has grown to the extent desired in each particular case, the resultant plan is replanted in a further space separate from the first space, for example in the open air in separate beds, and in there allowed to grow before being placed on the growin site where the plant is intended to grow. The conditions required in respect of the second or further space are less qualified than those required for the first space, in that no energy is required in the second space for maintaining determined temperature differences. The reason for dividing the growth period of. the plant into two stages, is that the cuttings during that part of their growth period during which they are most sensitive and during which growth conditions must be more accurately controlled than other¬ wise, shall take up as little space as possible in the relatively expensive environmental space in which they are nurtured. The method is also irrational, since the transplan tation of the plants, i.e. the transfer of cuttings grown in the first stage to the place where they are further brought on, requires much manual labour. The paper or ^■*" plastics casing around the cultivating"medium in the first growth stage must be removed by hand and the residual plant together with its soil-encased roots must be /transported to a further site and there planted in different soil.

It has now been found possible to avoid these dis- advantages, or to substantially reduce the same, when the cultivating medium used in thefirst.growth stage, comprises a relatively small shape-stable plug-like body of cultiva- ting substrate, and when, subsequent to the seed germinatin and producing growth or subsequent to the cutting developin to the extent^' desired, the shape-stable plug-like body of cultivating substrate is placed in a recess formed in a larger shape-stable body of cultivating substrate for continued growth of the plant, the cultivating, substrates used comprising a particulate aggregate of high density, exhibiting micropores capable of taking-up water and defini therebetween air permeable macropores. The particles are preferably obtained by compressing hydrophilic organic fibres to the aforesaid high density.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which

Figure 1 illustrates a plug-like body of cultivating medium in which a seed is caused to germinate, Figure 2 illustrates a disc of the same cultivating medium as that in Figure 1 , provided with a recess for receiving the plug illustrated, in Figure 1, and

Figure 3 illustrates the plug of Figure 1 inserted into the disc of Figure 2. in Figure 1 there is illustrated a plug-like, shape- stable body 1 of cultivating medium comprising a particulat aggregate obtained by compressing cellulose fibres, the particles exhibiting micropores capable of absorbing water, under the action of capillary forces, and defining there- between macropores which form a structure of through-passin air permeable passages. There is initially inserted into th plug-like body 1 a seed 2, for example a forestry plant see whereafter the body 1 is placed in a greenhouse in which_ temperature and air humidity can be controlled. The seed » is brought to germination, by supplying suitable quantities of water and nutrient thereto. Bodies containing non- germinated seed are optionally removed from the greenhouse. As soon as the seed has germinated and the subsequent plant growth has stabilized and the plant become sufficiently har to withstand less qualified environmental conditions out¬ doors, the plug-like body 1 together with the plant rooted therein is transplanted in the larger cultivating body 3 illustrated in Figure 2, said cultivating body having forme therein to this end a recess 4, such that the composite- bod obtains the appearance illustrated in Figure 3. This larger composite body can then be placed in a bed and the space around the periphery of the body filled with. soil. The composite body is then allowed to remain in the bed until the plant has grown to an extent which renders the plant suitable for planting in its final planting, site. The composite body, however, is preferably placed, on an earth foundation in which an air space is presented between the said earth foundation and the underside of the. composite body. In this case the larger cultivating body 3 may be encased in a. moisture-retaining thermoplastic casing or a casing made of some other suitable material. Because both the plug-like cultivating body 1 and the larger cultivating body 3 are shape-rstable, i.e. do not lose their shape or form, it is much easier to handle the bodies mechanically during transplanting operations.

The cultivating medium from which the shape-stable bodies 1 and 3 are formed comprises-- compressed aggregates o cellulose fibres obtained from coniferous trees. The dimensions of the aggregate are adjusted so that the compo¬ site cultivating medium obtains a given porosity, with pores having a mean pore size of between 30 and 300 μ . The density of the cellulose fibres is such that the mean pore size of the inner pores lies at about 10-30 μm. . The high degree o^'f compression _'to which the fibres are subjected and the intrinsic properties of the material limits the extent to which the material can take-up water, so that even when heavily watered the body of cultivating medium will retain its structure while ensuring that sufficient water is retained in the smaller pores without preventing air from reaching the roots to any appreciable extent. The larger pores have substantially non-capilliary dimensions, and thus form a suitable drainage system which enables water in the substrate to be adequately replenished for development^" of the plant roots. An important feature of the invention resides in the combination of the long- term ability of the cultivating body to absorb water throug capillary and colloidal system of the dense part of the cultivating body, together with the possibility of repleni- shing the water through the system of larger pores, while substantially retaining the shape and form of the cultiva¬ ting body.

Claims

1. A method for..cultivating plants, in which in a first cultivating stage a seed is caused to germinate or a cutting to grow in a small quantity of cultivating medium under relatively qualified conditions,, for example in a greenhouse, and whereafter the plant obtained through germination or the developed cutting is transplanted in a second cultivating stage in a different cultivating medium and grown under les≤f qualified conditions, characterized by using as a cultivating medium in the first cultivating stage a relatively small, shape-stable plug-like body of cultivating medium; permitting the seed or the cutting in said plug-like body to grow to a desired extent; trans¬ ferring; the form-stable, plug-like body of cultivating • medium to a recess in a larger shape-stable body of culti- vating medium for continued growth of the plant .or cutting said cultivating media comprising a particulate aggregate comprising compressed, cellulose fibres of relatively high density, said particles exhibiting micropores having a mean pore size of between about 10 and 30 μm, and are capable of absorbing and retaining water, these micropores defining therebetween airrpermeable macropores having a mean pore size of between 30 and 300 μm.

2. A method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the composite cultivating body obtained subsequent to transplanting the.rooted plant in the second cultivating stage is placed with an air gap located between the under¬ side of the body and a. supporting surface.

3. A method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the larger shape-stable body is enclosed in a casing which will not permit moisture to escape therethrough.