EP3886534A1 - Durchlauferhitzer - Google Patents

Durchlauferhitzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3886534A1
EP3886534A1 EP21161979.6A EP21161979A EP3886534A1 EP 3886534 A1 EP3886534 A1 EP 3886534A1 EP 21161979 A EP21161979 A EP 21161979A EP 3886534 A1 EP3886534 A1 EP 3886534A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
thick film
film heating
pcb
fluid channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21161979.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rob MAATKAMP
Arjan Wilhelmus Maria KOSTER
Mario Janice POELSTRA
Willem Antoon Bernard Nijman
Hendrik Johan Arnout Nieuwenhuis
Reinardus Hermanus Bernardus Deenen
Alex Reinier Nijhoff
Gradus Johannes Kloppers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferro Techniek BV
Original Assignee
Ferro Techniek BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferro Techniek BV filed Critical Ferro Techniek BV
Publication of EP3886534A1 publication Critical patent/EP3886534A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • F24H1/105—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance formed by the tube through which the fluid flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/02—Resistances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/04—Positive or negative temperature coefficients, e.g. PTC, NTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • This present invention relates to flow through heaters, and particularly thick film flow-through heaters.
  • Flow through heaters heat a fluid as it flows through the heater. These may be used for example for continuous or near-instantaneous dispensing of hot or boiling water, for use for example in hot water dispensers or coffee makers.
  • a flow through heater described in patent publication GB-A-2481265 comprises a channel plate brazed to a planar thick film heating element.
  • the thick film heating element comprises a substrate of material with good thermal conductive properties such as a metal, an electrically insulating layer, such as vitreous enamel, and at least one resistor track applied by a thick film technique.
  • a channel, formed between the channel plate and the planar heating element, guides the fluid to be heated in a path corresponding to the layout of the heating track on the thick film heater.
  • the low thermal mass of this type of flow through heater (FTH) provides a fast response and a very controllable heater.
  • the channel plate of the heater disclosed in GB-A-2481265 is round, and the channel has a circular spiral form to maximise the radius of the bends in the channel and reduce pressure drops along the channel.
  • a heater track aligned with the channel also has a circular spiral form, which reduces problems associated with tight bends in heater tracks.
  • the flow-through heater may include associated electronic components, for example to provide temperature sensing and/or control.
  • the electronic components may control an E-Fast (TM) sensor as disclosed in EP-A-1828068 .
  • E-Fast TM
  • electrical connections between electronic components and the thick film heating element are made using springs, which may include silver contacts, that press against contact pads on the heating element.
  • the spring has a terminal which may be connected to a printed circuit board (PCB) using a wire fitted with a receptacle for receiving the terminal.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • Flow-through heaters are relatively high-powered devices, and many applications of such heaters require the temperature of the heater to be controlled within specific limits. This is typically achieved using an NTC thermistor to measure the temperature of the fluid output and switching the supply of current to the heating track in response to the measured temperature, for example using a Triac, thyristor or similar electronic device. These devices should be maintained below a critical temperature and are often mounted on a heatsink to promote cooling. The heatsink adds to the weight and cost of the heater.
  • High-powered flow-through heaters typically require an earth connection in order to meet safety standards.
  • the earth connection is made to a conductive substrate of the heater by means of an eyelet connector, screw and locking washer.
  • a flow through heater comprises a thick film heating element and a channel plate attached to the thick film heating element to form a fluid channel that has a planar square or rectangular spiral form.
  • this allows the dimensions of the heating element to be reduced for a given heating area, thus also reducing the materials required. Any pressure drop caused by right-angled bends in the spiral may be insignificant in application of the heater, such as espresso coffee makers.
  • a flow through heater comprising a thick film heating element having a PCB connected thereto by one or more connectors, each having a first end connected directly to the PCB, and a second end comprising a spring making electrical contact with the thick film heating element.
  • a flow through heater comprising a thick film heating element and a fluid channel, wherein a power switching or control component is mounted adjacent an inlet of the fluid channel, so as to cool the component.
  • a power switching or control component is mounted adjacent an inlet of the fluid channel, so as to cool the component.
  • a flow through heater comprising a thick film heating element and a fluid channel, wherein an electronic component is mounted directly on the thick film heating element, for example by printing or surface mounting.
  • a flow through heater comprising a thick film heating element and a channel plate attached to the heating element to form a channel for fluid heated by the heating element, wherein the channel plate includes an integral terminal which may be bent out of the plane of the channel plate for making an earth connection.
  • Figure 1 shows a thick film heater in an embodiment of the invention, comprising a channel plate 10 attached (e.g. by brazing or welding) to a thick film heating element 11 to form a fluid channel 12 therebetween.
  • Tubes 6 are attached to corresponding apertures in the channel plate 10, which act as the inlet and outlet for the fluid channel 12.
  • Preferably either tube 6 can be used as the inlet with the other acting as the outlet.
  • the thick film heating element 11 comprises a substrate, which may be substantially planar, and one or more electrical heating (e.g. resistor) tracks deposited on the substrate using a thick film printing or deposition process.
  • the substrate may be of thermally conducting material, such as a metal.
  • an electrically insulating layer may be applied to a surface of the substrate before the electrical heating track(s) is deposited, to electrically insulate the tracks from the substrate.
  • This electrically insulating layer should have reasonable or good thermal conducting properties and may for example comprise vitreous enamel.
  • the substrate may be of an electrically insulating material, such as ceramic.
  • a further electrically insulating layer is applied over the heating track, to electrically insulate and protect the track.
  • the channel plate 10 is preferably attached to the opposite face of the substrate to the one on which the heating track(s) is deposited.
  • the heating track(s) and the electrically insulating layers may be deposited either before or after the channel plate 10 is attached to the substrate.
  • the face of the substrate on which the channel plate 10 is attached may be referred to as the wet side of the substrate, and the face on which the heating track(s) are deposited may be referred to as the dry side.
  • the fluid channel 12 has a planar spiral form, extending from one aperture towards the centre C of the channel plate 10 in one direction (for example, clockwise), and thence from the centre C to the other aperture in an opposite direction (for example, anti-clockwise).
  • the spirals are square or rectangular, comprising linear sections each connected at right angles to the next linear section by a bend which extends through a right angle in the direction of the spiral i.e. clockwise or anticlockwise.
  • the channel plate 10 is also preferably square or rectangular, corresponding to the shape of the fluid channel 12.
  • the thick film heating element 11 is also preferably square or rectangular, corresponding to the shape of the channel plate 10.
  • the pressure drop through the fluid channel 12 is relatively insignificant in certain applications. For example, in an espresso-type coffee machine there is a large pressure drop through the coffee grounds, so that a relatively small increase in the pressure drop through the flow-through heater is of little consequence.
  • the use of a square or rectangular shape significantly reduces the space and material requirements of the flow through heater. For example, for a given heating area of the thick film heating element 11, the side of an overall square shape will be reduced by over 10% compared to the diameter of a round shape and the area of the material used will be reduced by the square of this reduction e.g. 21.5%.
  • the flow-through heater in at least some embodiments of the invention may include associated electronic components, for example to provide temperature sensing and/or control.
  • the electronic components may work in conjunction with an E-Fast (TM) sensor as disclosed in EP-A-1828068 .
  • TM E-Fast
  • the electronic components may be mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) 7 which is mounted on one side of a bracket 8, on the other side of which is mounted the thick film heating element 11.
  • the bracket 8 may be made of moulded plastic or other suitable material. The bracket 8 may be used to mount the flow-through heater in an appliance.
  • connector springs 3 each having a termination end 3a that is connected directly to the PCB 7, for example by soldering into a hole in the PCB 7, and a spring end 3b that makes electrical contact with a surface pad on the thick film heating element 11.
  • each of the connector springs 3 may be mounted in a respective partition 13 in the bracket 8, with the termination end 3a passing through a corresponding slot in the bracket 8 to make contact with the PCB 7.
  • the connector springs 3 may be secured within their respective partitions 13, for example by a pin extending into an aperture in the connector spring 3.
  • the termination ends 3a may comprise push fit pins 9 as shown for example in Figure 5 , which make a push fit connection into a corresponding connector aperture in the PCB 7.
  • push fit technology are available under the Elopin (TM) and Isofit (TM) brands.
  • the PCB 7 may be mounted directly onto the thick film heating element 11, preferably spaced apart therefrom using spacers or lugs which may form part of the thick film heating element 11.
  • the thick film heater includes one or more electronic device(s) 2 for switching or controlling the current supplied to the thick film heating track(s), such as a Triac, thyristor or similar device.
  • the electronic device(s) 2 may be controlled in response to a temperature sensor, such as a thermistor.
  • the electronic device(s) 2 may be mounted directly on the dry side of the substrate of the thick film heating element 11, preferably in a position opposite the fluid channel 12 so that the fluid cools the electronic device through the substrate, and most preferably opposite a portion of the fluid channel where the fluid is cool, such as an inlet of the fluid channel 12.
  • the electronic device(s) 2 may then be connected directly to the heater track(s), for example by soldering.
  • the electronic device(s) may be mounted on the channel plate 10 in a position adjacent the inlet, so that the fluid cools the device through the channel plate 10.
  • an NTC thermistor may additionally or alternatively be mounted directly on the dry side of the substrate.
  • the electronic device or component may have a surface mount configuration allowing direct connection to track(s) on the substrate.
  • an electronic device or component such as an NTC resistor, a thermal fuse or a thermal protector such as disclosed in WO-A-2008/150171 , may be printed onto the dry side of the substrate.
  • the tracks may additionally be connected to the PCB 7, as described above.
  • the channel plate 10 may include a terminal 14 for making an earth connection.
  • the terminal 14 is formed as part of the sheet material of the channel plate 10, with a partial cut-out so that the terminal may be bent out of the plane of the channel plate 10, for example in the form of a tab, so as to allow connection to an earth connector.
  • the terminal 14 may be bent substantially perpendicular to the channel plate 10 as shown in Figure 6a , and optionally bent back to be substantially parallel to, but raised above the channel plate 10 as shown in Figure 6b .
  • the terminal 14 may be bent after the channel plate 10 has been attached to the element substrate, for example by brazing, to avoid interfering with the machinery used to perform the attachment.
  • the terminal 14 could be integrally formed as part of the thick film heating element, although this may be less advantageous as it may not be possible to bend the terminal out of the plane of the substrate after manufacture of the heater.
  • the terminal 14 may be formed as a projection or tongue extending within the plane of the substrate, to which an edge connector may be connected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP21161979.6A 2020-03-24 2021-03-11 Durchlauferhitzer Pending EP3886534A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2004273.5A GB2595630B (en) 2020-03-24 2020-03-24 Flow through heaters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3886534A1 true EP3886534A1 (de) 2021-09-29

Family

ID=70546743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21161979.6A Pending EP3886534A1 (de) 2020-03-24 2021-03-11 Durchlauferhitzer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3886534A1 (de)
CN (3) CN215412491U (de)
GB (1) GB2595630B (de)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2305233A (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-04-02 Welwyn Components Ltd Water heater with thick film printed circuit
GB2315925A (en) * 1996-06-14 1998-02-11 Strix Ltd Resilient contact for a resistive heating track
DE19732414A1 (de) * 1997-07-30 1999-02-04 Suhl Elektro & Hausgeraetewerk Durchlauferhitzer mit Dickschichtheizelementen
WO2001056440A2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2001-08-09 Strix Limited Electric water heaters
EP1828068A1 (de) 2004-11-23 2007-09-05 Ferro Techniek Holding B.V. Heizelement und verfahren zur detektion von temperaturänderungen
WO2008150171A1 (en) 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Otter Controls Limited Heating element and electrical appliance provided with such a heating element
CN201779861U (zh) * 2010-07-21 2011-03-30 应昶均 极速开水机的电加热器
GB2481265A (en) 2010-06-15 2011-12-21 Otter Controls Ltd Flow heater with thick film heaters; Associations of thick film elements with heat dissipaters
KR20120132374A (ko) 2011-05-27 2012-12-05 웅진코웨이주식회사 순간가열장치

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3723016A1 (de) * 1987-07-11 1989-01-19 Krups Stiftung Elektrisch betriebenes geraet zum zubereiten von heissgetraenken, wie kaffee, tee od. dgl.
GB9024419D0 (en) * 1990-11-09 1991-01-02 Ist Lab Ltd Heating apparatus
DE20211040U1 (de) * 2002-07-22 2002-11-21 Elite Plus Int L Inc Energietauscher
DE102004060949A1 (de) * 2003-12-23 2006-02-09 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Dickschichtheizung für Fluide und Durchlauferhitzer
CN202269905U (zh) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-13 冼光 一种全水道即热式饮水机加热装置
CN103104984A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 深圳市精佳电器有限公司 一种发热体保护装置
CN205406309U (zh) * 2016-03-11 2016-07-27 中山市乾元高科电子有限公司 一种厚膜发热体的触点式快速连接结构
CN206310710U (zh) * 2016-10-08 2017-07-07 广东恒美电热科技股份有限公司 液体即热装置
CN110131880A (zh) * 2019-04-12 2019-08-16 佛山市知一科技有限公司 一种厚膜加热器及其干烧识别方法

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2305233A (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-04-02 Welwyn Components Ltd Water heater with thick film printed circuit
GB2315925A (en) * 1996-06-14 1998-02-11 Strix Ltd Resilient contact for a resistive heating track
DE19732414A1 (de) * 1997-07-30 1999-02-04 Suhl Elektro & Hausgeraetewerk Durchlauferhitzer mit Dickschichtheizelementen
WO2001056440A2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2001-08-09 Strix Limited Electric water heaters
EP1828068A1 (de) 2004-11-23 2007-09-05 Ferro Techniek Holding B.V. Heizelement und verfahren zur detektion von temperaturänderungen
WO2008150171A1 (en) 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Otter Controls Limited Heating element and electrical appliance provided with such a heating element
GB2481265A (en) 2010-06-15 2011-12-21 Otter Controls Ltd Flow heater with thick film heaters; Associations of thick film elements with heat dissipaters
CN201779861U (zh) * 2010-07-21 2011-03-30 应昶均 极速开水机的电加热器
KR20120132374A (ko) 2011-05-27 2012-12-05 웅진코웨이주식회사 순간가열장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN215412491U (zh) 2022-01-04
GB202004273D0 (en) 2020-05-06
GB2595630A (en) 2021-12-08
CN215372923U (zh) 2021-12-31
GB2595630B (en) 2022-06-15
CN215383237U (zh) 2022-01-04

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