EP3784417B1 - Automatic inflow regulation - Google Patents

Automatic inflow regulation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3784417B1
EP3784417B1 EP19719284.2A EP19719284A EP3784417B1 EP 3784417 B1 EP3784417 B1 EP 3784417B1 EP 19719284 A EP19719284 A EP 19719284A EP 3784417 B1 EP3784417 B1 EP 3784417B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
motor
rotation axis
inlet device
motor unit
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EP19719284.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3784417A1 (en
Inventor
Dominik HÜTTINGER
Florian SIPPL
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Buehler GmbH
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Buehler GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/04—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inlet regulation for an inlet device for admitting bulk material, a method for controlling an inlet regulation for admitting bulk material and a cleaning machine for cleaning bulk material.
  • Bulk goods such as grain, seeds, sand, plastic granules or other flowable goods
  • Such bulk material is fed into such a machine, and it is desirable that this feeding occurs evenly.
  • a corresponding inlet device is, for example, from WO 2015/036384 A2 known. There it is described that when bulk material is poured into a corresponding feed area for the purpose of feeding, an approximately conical pile of bulk material is usually created. If one were to clean such a cone-shaped heap, the distribution of the bulk material would be very uneven with respect to the width of the heap - while there would only be a little bulk material on the sides, there would be a lot of bulk material in the middle of the essentially cone-shaped heap that needs to be cleaned up.
  • the feeding of bulk material into a cleaning machine is therefore usually carried out via an inlet device or a product distributor, which has a gap between a baffle plate and a feed flap that is significantly lower than the pile of bulk material. This gap enables the bulk material to be stacked evenly over its entire width, corresponding to the height of the gap, and fed into the cleaning machine.
  • the ideal design and size of the gap depends on a number of factors, for example on the type of bulk material used, the granularity of the bulk material used, the weight of the bulk material, the throughput of the bulk material used, as well as the nature and environmental parameters, for example the temperature or humidity.
  • the WO 2015/036384 uses a device for measuring the amount of bulk material using swivel devices and angle measuring devices that determine the size of the bulk material cone based on the angle. Depending on this, the feed flap is then opened or closed accordingly via a rigid coupling with a servomotor.
  • gap settings of prior art cleaning machines are usually only suitable for narrowly defined types of bulk material under narrowly defined conditions and with narrowly limited throughputs.
  • the movement of the feed flap is caused by the weight of a movable spindle motor that is connected to a feed flap.
  • the position of the motor is adjusted depending on the measured values of three sensors, an empty detector, a full detector and a jam detector.
  • the jam detector is intended as a safety measure and causes the motor to be retracted so that its own weight is very small and the feed flap is opened by the weight of the bulk material.
  • the spindle of the motor extends so that the weight of the motor closes the feed flap.
  • the three sensors used are arranged outside the engine room, so that holes in the structure are required to reliably determine the degree of filling of the engine room.
  • the external structure of the sensors entails risks in terms of explosion protection and Contamination from outside.
  • the suspension of the counterweight only allows a maximum opening, which is disadvantageous in the event of unexpectedly large foreign bodies.
  • an inlet device and a corresponding method for bulk material are provided, which improves the inlet of bulk material, for example into a cleaning machine, in particular with regard to the uniformity of the distribution of the bulk material and at the same time ensures a high level of safety.
  • the invention relates to an inlet regulation for an inlet device for admitting bulk material, the inlet device being defined by a machine housing.
  • a baffle plate Within the machine housing are a baffle plate, a rotatably mounted feed flap that defines a gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap and is connected to a rotation axis, and a lower and an upper sensor for measuring the amount of bulk material located in a space between the Storage plate, the feed flap and the side walls of the machine housing are arranged.
  • the inlet device also has a motor unit which is arranged outside the machine housing and is firmly connected to the axis of rotation. The motor unit can be connected to the feed flap via the axis of rotation and forms a counterweight to the feed flap.
  • the motor unit has a motor and a carriage, the motor being displaceable on the carriage on a linear axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit on the linear axis with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the size of the gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap depends on the position of the motor on the linear axis and the weight of the bulk material that is loaded on the feed flap.
  • the sensors are mounted on the sensor holder on a side wall of the housing.
  • Capacitive sensors are preferably used as sensors.
  • the feed flap and the rotation axis are preferably connected by means of a device which is configured so that it can transform a rotational movement of the rotation axis into a lifting-lowering movement of the feed flap.
  • the motor unit has an adjustment weight that can be moved in the direction of the linear axis using elongated holes in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit in relation to the axis of rotation.
  • any form of flowable bulk material in particular grain, can be used.
  • the invention further relates to a cleaning machine with an inlet device according to the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a method for regulating the inlet of an inlet device for bulk material, which within a machine housing has a baffle plate, a rotatably mounted feed flap, which defines a gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap and can be connected to an axis of rotation, and a lower and an upper sensor Measuring the amount of bulk material located in a space between the baffle plate, the feed flap and the side walls of the machine housing.
  • a motor unit that is firmly connected to the axis of rotation forms a counterweight to the feed flap.
  • the motor unit has a motor and a carriage, the motor being displaceable on the carriage on a linear axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor unit in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit on the linear axis with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the motor movement preferably occurs continuously or at equal intervals.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show the inlet device according to the invention.
  • Sub-figure a) is a representation from the outside of the side with the motor unit
  • sub-figure b) is a frontal section through the inlet device along line AA of sub-figure a)
  • sub-figure c) is a vertical side section through the inlet device along line BB of sub-figure b ).
  • a lower sensor 31 and an upper sensor 32 are arranged within the housing 1 in the bulk material space 8.
  • a sensor holder 3 can be attached to the housing from the outside so that the sensors 31, 32 are located inside the housing.
  • the fill level of the bulk material in the bulk material space 8 can be determined using the sensors 31, 32.
  • the sensor holder 3 is configured so that it can be easily installed and removed from the outside and is easily replaceable. Furthermore, the sensor holder 3 allows easy retrofitting on various machines.
  • the upper sensor 32 also called a full indicator, provides information as to whether a certain level within the bulk material space 8 has been exceeded, which requires the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 to be changed. By closing the bulk material space 8 through the sensor holder 3, the greatest possible protection in terms of food safety and explosion protection can be guaranteed.
  • the internal sensors 31, 32 are cleaned during operation by the flow of bulk material 7 and therefore require only minimal maintenance.
  • Figure 1a shows the housing 1 and the externally mounted motor unit 2, which is firmly connected to the axis of rotation 29.
  • a motor 21 which can be displaced on a linear axis 28, and a carriage 22. The displacement is carried out by moving the motor 21, for example on a spindle, parallel to the carriage 22.
  • the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 can be changed with respect to the axis of rotation 29. If the feed flap 5 is connected to the axis of rotation 59 via the linkage 51, a counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 accumulated in the bulk material space 8 can be set and the gap width can thereby be adjusted depending on the weight of the bulk material 7.
  • the measured values from the sensors 31, 32 are used for this.
  • the motor 21 moves in the direction away from the axis of rotation 29 until the stop is reached or remains in this position.
  • the motor 21 is shown in the extended position away from the axis of rotation 29, ie with the largest possible counterweight. This position is also called the starting position. In this position the gap is minimal. It may be useful that there is always a small opening or that the gap is completely closed. If only the lower sensor 31 is covered by bulk material 7, the motor position is not changed. If both sensors 31, 32 are covered by bulk material 7, the motor 21 moves in the direction of the axis of rotation 29. This shifts the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 closer to the axis of rotation 29 and the counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 becomes smaller.
  • Figures 2 to 5 show the inlet device according to the invention in operation.
  • the sub-figures a) to c) each show the same sections or representations of the inlet device as that of Figures 1a ) to c)
  • Figure 2 shows the inlet device in operation shortly after starting.
  • the motor 21 is in the starting position, ie the gap size is minimal.
  • the bulk material 7 is fed into the bulk material space 8 via the product inlet 6 and accumulates there in a cone shape between the baffle plate 4, the feed flap 5 and the side walls of the housing 1.
  • the fill level of the bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 is still below the lower sensor 31.
  • Figure 3 shows the inlet device in operation when the lower sensor 31 or empty detector is reached by the bulk material 7.
  • the entire width of the bulk material space 8 is covered with bulk material 7, which ensures a uniform product outflow.
  • the motor 21 remains in the extended position, ie with the greatest possible counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 loaded on it.
  • Figure 4 shows the inlet device in operation when the lower sensor 31 or empty indicator and the upper sensor 32 or full indicator are reached by the bulk material 7. This means that the inflow quantity of bulk material 7 is larger than that discharged through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 Crowd.
  • the motor 21 thus moves closer in the direction of the axis of rotation 29 of the motor unit, whereby the counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5 loaded with bulk material 7 is reduced. This allows the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the food flap 5 to open further.
  • Figure 4d shows section C of the bulk material space 8.
  • Figure 6 shows an exemplary flow chart of the filling quantity of bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 and the corresponding position of the motor 21 over time.
  • time S0 when the machine starts up, there is no bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8, and the motor 21 is fully extended, so that the maximum counterweight acts on the feed flap 5.
  • the bulk material space 8 is then filled with bulk material 7.
  • step S1 the lower sensor 31 and the upper sensor 32 are covered by bulk material 7 and the Motor moves in the direction of rotation axis 29, whereby the counterweight on the feed flap 5 is reduced and this can thus open further due to the weight of the bulk material 7 acting on the feed flap 5.
  • Driving the motor 21 can, for example, take place over a period of 500 ms with a 750 ms pause in between, but other durations can also be useful. However, the motor is preferably always moved at the same speed or according to the same pattern.
  • step S2 the fill level of the bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 falls back below the upper sensor 32 due to an increase in the outflow quantity or a lower inflow and the motor movement is stopped. Since the bulk material level in the bulk material space 8 remains above the lower sensor 31, no motor movement is carried out.
  • the motor 21 moves in a direction away from the axis of rotation 29 in order to shift the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 so that the counterweight on the feed flap 5 becomes higher as long as the lower sensor 31 is not covered by bulk material. If the motor 21 is in the starting position, it remains in this position. Is the lower one Sensor 31 is covered by bulk material 7, there is no motor movement. If the motor 21 is being moved at the time the bulk material 7 reaches the lower sensor 31, the movement is stopped. If the lower sensor 31 and the upper sensor 32 are covered by bulk material, the motor 21 moves in the direction of the axis of rotation 29, so that the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 shifts closer to the axis of rotation.
  • the counterweight to the feed flap 5 is thereby reduced and more bulk material 7 can flow out through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5. Because the feed flap 5 is rotatably mounted with the counterweight of the motor unit 2, large and heavy foreign bodies can also pass through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 by pressing down the weight-loaded feed flap 5 and thus blockage or damage to the inlet device can be prevented.
  • Figure 7 shows a section through the motor unit 2 with the motor 21, which can be displaced by means of a slide 22 on the linear axis 28, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor unit 29.
  • Figure 8 shows an external view of the motor unit 2 with the adjustment weight 23, which can be moved in the direction of the linear axis 28 via elongated holes 24.
  • the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 can be adjusted in relation to the axis of rotation 29, depending on the circumstances of each individual cleaning machine. This process only needs to be done once during commissioning.
  • a shift of the adjustment weight 23 outwards, i.e. away from the axis of rotation 29, causes a higher counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5, while a shift closer to the axis of rotation 29 results in a lower counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5.
  • the invention allows a constant product flow of the bulk material 7 to be ensured across the entire width of the machine without having to make manual adjustments during operation.
  • the weight-loaded feed flap 5 also allows large and heavy foreign objects to pass through the gap, thereby preventing the machine from becoming blocked or damaged.
  • the control via a maximum of two sensors 31, 32 is simple, robust and low-maintenance, since the sensors 31, 32 are cleaned by the product flow during operation. Due to the closed structure and the internal mounting of the sensors 31, 32, the ATEX protection zone can also be created within the housing 1 21 and outside of the housing 1 the ATEX protection zone 22 must be adhered to. Food safety is also ensured by the closed structure.

Landscapes

  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Supply Of Fluid Materials To The Packaging Location (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Einlaufregulierung für eine Einlasseinrichtung zum Einlassen von Schüttgut, ein Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Einlaufregulierung zum Einlassen von Schüttgut sowie eine Reinigungsmaschine zum Reinigen von Schüttgut.The present invention relates to an inlet regulation for an inlet device for admitting bulk material, a method for controlling an inlet regulation for admitting bulk material and a cleaning machine for cleaning bulk material.

Schüttgut, beispielsweise Getreide, Saat, Sand Kunstoffgranulat oder andere fließfähige Güter, kann heutzutage in industriellen Maschinen gereinigt werden. Derartiges Schüttgut wird in eine solche Maschine eingespeist, wobei es wünschenswert ist, dass diese Einspeisung gleichmäßig erfolgt. Eine entsprechende Einlasseinrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der WO 2015/036384 A2 bekannt. Dort wird beschrieben, dass, wenn Schüttgut zum Zwecke der Einspeisung in einen entsprechenden Einspeisungsbereich geschüttet wird, üblicherweise ein in etwa kegelförmiger Haufen von Schüttgut entsteht. Würde man einen solchen kegelförmigen Haufen reinigen, so wäre die Verteilung des Schüttguts bezüglich der Breite des Haufens sehr ungleichmäßig - während an den Seiten nur wenig Schüttgut vorhanden wäre, wäre in der Mitte des im Wesentlichen kegelförmigen Haufens sehr viel Schüttgut vorhanden, welches aufzureinigen ist. Eine derartig ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Schüttguts führt zu Reinigungsergebnissen, die suboptimal sind und Ressourcen verschwenden können. Die Einspeisung von Schüttgut in eine Reinigungsmaschine wird daher üblicherweise über eine Einlasseinrichtung bzw. einen Produktverteiler vorgenommen, die zwischen einer Stauplatte und einer Speiseklappe einen Spalt aufweist, der deutlich niedriger ist, als der Haufen des Schüttguts. Dieser Spalt ermöglicht, dass das Schüttgut über seine gesamte Breite gleichmäßig, entsprechend der Höhe des Spaltes, aufgeschichtet und in die Reinigungsmaschine eingeleitet wird.Bulk goods, such as grain, seeds, sand, plastic granules or other flowable goods, can now be cleaned in industrial machines. Such bulk material is fed into such a machine, and it is desirable that this feeding occurs evenly. A corresponding inlet device is, for example, from WO 2015/036384 A2 known. There it is described that when bulk material is poured into a corresponding feed area for the purpose of feeding, an approximately conical pile of bulk material is usually created. If one were to clean such a cone-shaped heap, the distribution of the bulk material would be very uneven with respect to the width of the heap - while there would only be a little bulk material on the sides, there would be a lot of bulk material in the middle of the essentially cone-shaped heap that needs to be cleaned up. Such an uneven distribution of the bulk material leads to cleaning results that are suboptimal and can waste resources. The feeding of bulk material into a cleaning machine is therefore usually carried out via an inlet device or a product distributor, which has a gap between a baffle plate and a feed flap that is significantly lower than the pile of bulk material. This gap enables the bulk material to be stacked evenly over its entire width, corresponding to the height of the gap, and fed into the cleaning machine.

Die ideale Ausgestaltung und Größe des Spalts ist allerdings von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren abhängig, zum Beispiel von der Art des verwendeten Schüttguts, von der Körnigkeit des verwendeten Schüttguts, dem Schüttgutgewicht, von dem Durchsatz des verwendeten Schüttguts, sowie von der Beschaffenheit und den Umgebungsparametern, beispielsweise der Temperatur oder der Luftfeuchtigkeit.However, the ideal design and size of the gap depends on a number of factors, for example on the type of bulk material used, the granularity of the bulk material used, the weight of the bulk material, the throughput of the bulk material used, as well as the nature and environmental parameters, for example the temperature or humidity.

Es ist daher bekannt, die Möglichkeit vorzusehen, die Breite des Spalts manuell anzupassen. Eine solche manuelle Anpassung ist jedoch aufwändig und fehlerbehaftet. Insbesondere auf Grund der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Parametern, die es zu beachten gilt, bedarf es großer Erfahrung zum Finden der idealen Einstellung. Ferner kann sich die gewünschte Einstellung mit der Zeit - beispielsweise durch Änderungen im Durchsatz - ändern.It is therefore known to provide the possibility of manually adjusting the width of the gap. However, such manual adjustment is time-consuming and prone to errors. Particularly due to the large number of different parameters that need to be taken into account, it takes a lot of experience to find the ideal setting. Furthermore, the desired setting can change over time - for example due to changes in throughput.

Die WO 2015/036384 benutzt eine Einrichtung zur Messung der Menge des Schüttguts mittels Schwenkeinrichtungen und Winkelmesseinrichtungen, die die Größe des Schüttgutkegels anhand des Winkels bestimmen. In Abhängigkeit hiervon wird dann die Speiseklappe über eine starre Kopplung mit einem Stellmotor entsprechend geöffnet oder geschlossen.The WO 2015/036384 uses a device for measuring the amount of bulk material using swivel devices and angle measuring devices that determine the size of the bulk material cone based on the angle. Depending on this, the feed flap is then opened or closed accordingly via a rigid coupling with a servomotor.

Durch Fremdkörper im Schüttgut, die größer als der definierte Spalt sind, kann es allerdings dennoch zur Durchsatzverringerung bis hin zur Verstopfung oder Beschädigung der Maschine kommen. Daher eignen sich Spalteinstellungen von Reinigungsmaschinen aus dem Stand der Technik üblicherweise nur für eng eingegrenzte Arten von Schüttgut unter eng eingegrenzten Bedingungen und mit eng eingegrenzten Durchsätzen.However, foreign bodies in the bulk material that are larger than the defined gap can still lead to a reduction in throughput and even blockages or damage to the machine. Therefore, gap settings of prior art cleaning machines are usually only suitable for narrowly defined types of bulk material under narrowly defined conditions and with narrowly limited throughputs.

Bei der Getreidezulaufregulierung gemäß DE3428672 (A1 ) wird durch das Eigengewicht eines beweglichen Spindelmotors, der mit einer Speiseklappe verbunden ist, die Bewegung der Speiseklappe bewirkt. Die Position des Motors wird dabei in Abhängigkeit von den Messwerten dreier Sensoren, einem Leermelder, einem Vollmelder sowie einem Staumelder, eingestellt. Insbesondere wird bei einem Signal des Vollmelders der Motor bewegt und dadurch die Speiseklappe geöffnet. Der Staumelder ist als Sicherheit vorgesehen und bewirkt, dass der Motor zurück gefahren wird, so dass das Eigengewicht sehr klein ist und die Speiseklappe durch das Gewicht des Schüttguts geöffnet wird. Bei einem Signal des Leermelders wiederum fährt die Spindel des Motors aus, so dass durch das Gewicht des Motors die Speiseklappe geschlossen wird.When regulating the grain intake in accordance with DE3428672 (A1 ) the movement of the feed flap is caused by the weight of a movable spindle motor that is connected to a feed flap. The position of the motor is adjusted depending on the measured values of three sensors, an empty detector, a full detector and a jam detector. In particular, when there is a signal from the full indicator, the motor is moved and the feed flap is thereby opened. The jam detector is intended as a safety measure and causes the motor to be retracted so that its own weight is very small and the feed flap is opened by the weight of the bulk material. When there is a signal from the empty detector, the spindle of the motor extends so that the weight of the motor closes the feed flap.

Gemäß der DE3428672 A1 sind die drei verwendeten Sensoren außerhalb des Maschinenraums angeordnet, so dass zur zuverlässigen Bestimmung des Füllgrads des Maschinenraums Löcher in dem Aufbau benötigt werden. Der außenliegende Aufbau der Sensoren birgt somit allerdings Risiken hinsichtlich des Explosionsschutzes sowie der Verunreinigung von außen. Weiterhin erlaubt die Aufhängung des Kontergewichts nur eine Maximalöffnung was bei unvorhergesehen großen Fremdkörpern unvorteilhaft ist.According to the DE3428672 A1 The three sensors used are arranged outside the engine room, so that holes in the structure are required to reliably determine the degree of filling of the engine room. However, the external structure of the sensors entails risks in terms of explosion protection and Contamination from outside. Furthermore, the suspension of the counterweight only allows a maximum opening, which is disadvantageous in the event of unexpectedly large foreign bodies.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Einlasseinrichtung und ein entsprechendes Verfahren für Schüttgut bereitgestellt, welche den Einlass von Schüttgut, beispielsweise in eine Reinigungsmaschine, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Gleichmäßigkeit der Verteilung des Schüttguts verbessert und gleichzeitig eine hohe Sicherheit gewährleistet.According to the present invention, an inlet device and a corresponding method for bulk material are provided, which improves the inlet of bulk material, for example into a cleaning machine, in particular with regard to the uniformity of the distribution of the bulk material and at the same time ensures a high level of safety.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass zur Verbesserung einer Einlassvorrichtung und Sicherstellung der Explosions- und Lebensmittelsicherheit insbesondere die Messung des Füllstands, die innenliegende Anordnung der Sensoren sowie die schwenkbare, gewichtsbelastete Aufhängung der Speiseklappe von Vorteil sind.It has been shown that in order to improve an inlet device and ensure explosion and food safety, the measurement of the fill level, the internal arrangement of the sensors and the pivoting, weight-loaded suspension of the feed flap are particularly advantageous.

Diese Aufgaben werden von den Einrichtungen und Verfahren der Ansprüche gelöst.These tasks are solved by the facilities and methods of the claims.

Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine Einlaufregulierung für eine Einlasseinrichtung zum Einlassen von Schüttgut, wobei die Einlasseinrichtung durch ein Maschinengehäuse definiert ist. Innerhalb des Maschinengehäuses sind eine Stauplatte, eine drehbar gelagerte Speiseklappe, die einen Spalt zwischen der Stauplatte und der Speiseklappe definiert und mit einer Drehachse verbunden ist, und ein unterer und ein oberer Sensor zur Messung der Menge des Schüttguts, die sich in einem Raum zwischen der Stauplatte, der Speiseklappe und den Seitenwänden des Maschinengehäuses befindet, angeordnet. Die Einlasseinrichtung weist ferner eine Motoreinheit auf, die außerhalb des Maschinengehäuses angeordnet ist und fest mit der Drehachse verbunden ist. Die Motoreinheit ist über die Drehachse mit der Speiseklappe verbindbar und bildet ein Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe. Die Motoreinheit weist einen Motor und einen Schlitten auf, wobei der Motor auf dem Schlitten auf einer Linearachse senkrecht zur Drehachse verschiebbar ist, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit auf der Linearachse mit Bezug zur Drehachse zu verändern. Die Größe des Spalts zwischen Stauplatte und Speiseklappe ist abhängig von der Position des Motors auf der Linearachse und dem Gewicht des Schüttguts, das auf der Speiseklappe lastet.In particular, the invention relates to an inlet regulation for an inlet device for admitting bulk material, the inlet device being defined by a machine housing. Within the machine housing are a baffle plate, a rotatably mounted feed flap that defines a gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap and is connected to a rotation axis, and a lower and an upper sensor for measuring the amount of bulk material located in a space between the Storage plate, the feed flap and the side walls of the machine housing are arranged. The inlet device also has a motor unit which is arranged outside the machine housing and is firmly connected to the axis of rotation. The motor unit can be connected to the feed flap via the axis of rotation and forms a counterweight to the feed flap. The motor unit has a motor and a carriage, the motor being displaceable on the carriage on a linear axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit on the linear axis with respect to the axis of rotation. The size of the gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap depends on the position of the motor on the linear axis and the weight of the bulk material that is loaded on the feed flap.

Insbesondere sind die Sensoren auf der Sensorhalterung an einer Seitenwand des Gehäuses angebracht.In particular, the sensors are mounted on the sensor holder on a side wall of the housing.

Ferner werden maximal zwei Sensoren zur Messung der Menge des Schüttguts verwendet.Furthermore, a maximum of two sensors are used to measure the amount of bulk material.

Bevorzugt werden als Sensoren kapazitive Sensoren verwendet.Capacitive sensors are preferably used as sensors.

Die Speiseklappe und die Drehachse sind bevorzugt mittels einer Vorrichtung verbunden ist, die so konfiguriert ist, dass sie eine Drehbewegung der Drehachse in eine Hub-Senkbewegung der Speiseklappe transformieren kann.The feed flap and the rotation axis are preferably connected by means of a device which is configured so that it can transform a rotational movement of the rotation axis into a lifting-lowering movement of the feed flap.

Die Motoreinheit weist ein Justagegewicht auf, das mittels Langlöchern in Richtung der Linearachse verschiebbar ist, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit mit Bezug zur Drehachse zu verändern.The motor unit has an adjustment weight that can be moved in the direction of the linear axis using elongated holes in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit in relation to the axis of rotation.

Erfindungsgemäß kann jede Form von fließfähigem Schüttgut, insbesondere Getreide, verwendet werden.According to the invention, any form of flowable bulk material, in particular grain, can be used.

Weiter betrifft die Erfindung eine Reinigungsmaschine mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Einlasseinrichtung.The invention further relates to a cleaning machine with an inlet device according to the invention.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Einlaufregulierung einer Einlasseinrichtung von Schüttgut, die innerhalb eines Maschinengehäuses eine Stauplatte, eine drehbar gelagerten Speiseklappe, die einen Spalt zwischen der Stauplatte und der Speiseklappe definiert und mit einer Drehachse verbindbar ist, und einen unteren und einen oberen Sensor zur Messung der Menge des Schüttguts, die sich in einem Raum zwischen der Stauplatte, der Speiseklappe und den Seitenwänden des Maschinengehäuses befindet, aufweist.The invention further relates to a method for regulating the inlet of an inlet device for bulk material, which within a machine housing has a baffle plate, a rotatably mounted feed flap, which defines a gap between the baffle plate and the feed flap and can be connected to an axis of rotation, and a lower and an upper sensor Measuring the amount of bulk material located in a space between the baffle plate, the feed flap and the side walls of the machine housing.

Eine fest mit der Drehachse verbundene Motoreinheit bildet ein Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe. Die Motoreinheit weist einen Motor und einen Schlitten auf, wobei der Motor auf dem Schlitten auf einer Linearachse senkrecht zur Drehachse der Motoreinheit verschiebbar ist, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit auf der Linearachse mit Bezug zur Drehachse zu verändern. Durch Verschieben des Motors und damit Verlagerung des Schwerpunkts der Motoreinheit bezüglich der Drehachse wird das Gegengewicht verringert, wenn der untere Sensor und der obere Sensor von Schüttgut bedeckt sind. Durch Verschieben des Motors und damit Verlagerung des Schwerpunkts der Motoreinheit bezüglich der Drehachse wird das Gegengewicht erhöht, wenn der untere Sensor nicht von Schüttgut bedeckt ist.A motor unit that is firmly connected to the axis of rotation forms a counterweight to the feed flap. The motor unit has a motor and a carriage, the motor being displaceable on the carriage on a linear axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor unit in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit on the linear axis with respect to the axis of rotation. By moving the motor and thus shifting the center of gravity of the motor unit with respect to the axis of rotation, the counterweight is reduced if the lower sensor and the upper sensor are covered by bulk material. By moving the motor and thus shifting the center of gravity of the motor unit with respect to the axis of rotation, the counterweight is increased if the lower sensor is not covered by bulk material.

Bevorzugt erfolgt die Motorbewegung kontinuierlich oder in gleichen Intervallen.The motor movement preferably occurs continuously or at equal intervals.

Im Folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen exemplarisch beschrieben. Diese Ausführungsformen sind jedoch lediglich exemplarisch, um dem Fachmann das Verständnis der Erfindung weiter zu erleichtern. Die exemplarischen Ausführungsformen sollen hingegen den Schutzbereich nicht einschränken, der lediglich durch die beigefügten Ansprüche definiert ist.Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary to further facilitate the understanding of the invention for those skilled in the art. However, the exemplary embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection, which is defined solely by the appended claims.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1: Ansichten aus der Front- und zwei Seitenperspektiven der leeren Einlasseinrichtung
  • Figur 2: Ansichten aus der Front- und zwei Seitenperspektiven der Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb während der Befüllung
  • Figur 3: Ansichten aus der Front- und zwei Seitenperspektiven der Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb bei Erreichen des unteren Sensors
  • Figur 4: Ansichten aus der Front- und zwei Seitenperspektiven der Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb bei Erreichen des oberen Sensors
  • Figur 5: Ansichten aus der Front- und zwei Seitenperspektiven der Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb
  • Figur 6: Ein Verlaufsdiagramm des Füllstands und der Motorposition über die Zeit
  • Figur 7: Eine Innenansicht der Motoreinheit
  • Figur 8: Außenansichten der Motoreinheit mit Justagegewicht.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 : Views from the front and two side perspectives of the empty inlet facility
  • Figure 2 : Views from the front and two side perspectives of the inlet device in operation during filling
  • Figure 3 : Views from the front and two side perspectives of the inlet device in operation when reaching the lower sensor
  • Figure 4 : Views from the front and two side perspectives of the inlet device in operation when reaching the upper sensor
  • Figure 5 : Views from the front and two side perspectives of the inlet device in operation
  • Figure 6 : A history graph of level and motor position over time
  • Figure 7 : An interior view of the motor unit
  • Figure 8 : External views of the motor unit with adjustment weight.

Mit in den Zeichnungen gleichen Bezugszeichen versehene Elemente beschreiben, falls nicht anders spezifiziert, dieselben Elemente. Von redundanten Beschreibungen wird daher abgesehen.Elements given the same reference numerals in the drawings describe the same elements unless otherwise specified. Redundant descriptions are therefore avoided.

Figuren 1 bis 5 zeigen die erfindungsgemäße Einlasseinrichtung. Unterfigur a) ist dabei eine Darstellung von außen von der Seite mit Motoreinheit, Unterfigur b) ein frontaler Schnitt durch die Einlasseinrichtung entlang der Linie A-A der Unterfigur a) und Unterfigur c) ein vertikaler seitlicher Schnitt durch die Einlasseinrichtung entlang der Linie B-B der Unterfigur b). Figures 1 to 5 show the inlet device according to the invention. Sub-figure a) is a representation from the outside of the side with the motor unit, sub-figure b) is a frontal section through the inlet device along line AA of sub-figure a) and sub-figure c) is a vertical side section through the inlet device along line BB of sub-figure b ).

Figur 1c) zeigt einen Schnitt durch den Innenraum der Einlasseinrichtung. Ein Schüttgutraum 8 zum Sammeln von Schüttgut 7 (nicht gezeigt) ist durch die Seitenwände des Maschinengehäuses 1, im Folgenden auch nur als Gehäuse 1 bezeichnet, durch die Stauplatte 4 und die um eine Drehachse 59 drehbar gelagerte Speiseklappe 5 definiert. Die Speiseklappe 5 kann über ein Gestänge 51 mit einer Drehachse 29 verbunden sein. Die Verbindung zwischen Drehachse 29 und Speiseklappe 5 kann ferner so konfiguriert sein, dass sie eine Drehbewegung der Drehachse 29 in eine Hub-Senkbewegung der Speiseklappe 5 transformiert. Hierfür kann beispielsweise ein gelenkiges Gestänge als Verbindungselement benutzt werden. Zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 ist ein veränderbarer Spalt ausgebildet, der es erlaubt, Schüttgut 7 durchzulassen. Figure 1c ) shows a section through the interior of the inlet device. A bulk material space 8 for collecting bulk material 7 (not shown) is through the side walls of the Machine housing 1, hereinafter also referred to as housing 1, is defined by the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5, which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 59. The food flap 5 can be connected to a rotation axis 29 via a linkage 51. The connection between the axis of rotation 29 and the food flap 5 can also be configured in such a way that it transforms a rotational movement of the axis of rotation 29 into a lifting-lowering movement of the food flap 5. For this purpose, for example, an articulated linkage can be used as a connecting element. A variable gap is formed between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5, which allows bulk material 7 to pass through.

Höchstens zwei Sensoren, ein unterer Sensor 31 und ein oberer Sensor 32, sind innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 im Schüttgutraum 8 angeordnet. Eine Sensorhalterung 3 kann von außen an das Gehäuse befestigt werden, sodass sich die Sensoren 31, 32 innerhalb des Gehäuses befinden. Mittels der Sensoren 31, 32 kann der Füllstand des Schüttguts im Schüttgutraum 8 ermittelt werden. Die Sensorhalterung 3 ist dabei so konfiguriert, dass sie einfach von außen ein- und ausgebaut werden kann und leicht austauschbar ist. Ferner erlaubt die Sensorhalterung 3 eine einfache Nachrüstung an verschiedenen Maschinen.At most two sensors, a lower sensor 31 and an upper sensor 32, are arranged within the housing 1 in the bulk material space 8. A sensor holder 3 can be attached to the housing from the outside so that the sensors 31, 32 are located inside the housing. The fill level of the bulk material in the bulk material space 8 can be determined using the sensors 31, 32. The sensor holder 3 is configured so that it can be easily installed and removed from the outside and is easily replaceable. Furthermore, the sensor holder 3 allows easy retrofitting on various machines.

Figur 1b) stellt einen Schnitt durch den Schüttgutraum 8, in den ein fließfähiges Schüttgut 7 (nicht gezeigt) eingefüllt wird, dar. Das Schüttgut wird durch den Produkteinlauf 6 zugeführt und zwischen Stauplatte 4 (nicht gezeigt), Speiseklappe 5 und den Seitenwänden des Gehäuses 1 kegelförmig angehäuft. An einer Innenseite des Gehäuses 1 ist der Sensorhalter 3 mit dem unteren Sensor 31 und dem oberen Sensor 32 angebracht. Beispielsweise können kapazitive Sensoren verwendet werden, aber auch andere Sensorköpfe, wie optische Sensoren, können dort Einsatz finden. Der untere Sensor 31 misst dabei, ob die gesamte Breite des Schüttgutraums 8 mit Schüttgut 7 bedeckt ist und ob somit eine Produktverteilung über die gesamte Maschinenbreite gewährleistet ist. Der untere Sensor 31 wird auch als Leermelder bezeichnet. Der obere Sensor 32, auch Vollmelder genannt, gibt Auskunft, ob ein gewisser Füllstand innerhalb des Schüttgutraums 8 überschritten ist, der es erfordert, den Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 zu verändern. Durch den Verschluss des Schüttgutraums 8 durch die Sensorhalterung 3 kann ein größtmöglicher Schutz hinsichtlich Lebensmittelsicherheit und Explosionsschutz gewährleistet werden. Die innen liegenden Sensoren 31, 32 werden im Betrieb durch den Durchfluss an Schüttgut 7 gereinigt und erfordern somit nur einen minimalen Wartungsaufwand. Figure 1b ) represents a section through the bulk material space 8, into which a flowable bulk material 7 (not shown) is filled. The bulk material is fed through the product inlet 6 and conical between the baffle plate 4 (not shown), the feed flap 5 and the side walls of the housing 1 accumulated. The sensor holder 3 with the lower sensor 31 and the upper sensor 32 is attached to an inside of the housing 1. For example, capacitive sensors can be used, but other sensor heads, such as optical sensors, can also be used there. The lower sensor 31 measures whether the entire width of the bulk material space 8 is covered with bulk material 7 and whether product distribution over the entire machine width is therefore guaranteed. The lower sensor 31 is also referred to as an empty detector. The upper sensor 32, also called a full indicator, provides information as to whether a certain level within the bulk material space 8 has been exceeded, which requires the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 to be changed. By closing the bulk material space 8 through the sensor holder 3, the greatest possible protection in terms of food safety and explosion protection can be guaranteed. The internal sensors 31, 32 are cleaned during operation by the flow of bulk material 7 and therefore require only minimal maintenance.

Figur 1a) zeigt das Gehäuse 1 sowie die außen angebrachte Motoreinheit 2, die fest mit der Drehachse 29 verbunden ist. Innerhalb der Motoreinheit befinden sich ein Motor 21, der auf einer Linearachse 28 verschiebbar ist, und ein Schlitten 22. Die Verschiebung erfolgt dabei durch Fahren des Motors 21, beispielsweise auf einer Spindel, parallel zum Schlitten 22. Durch das Fahren des Motors 21 kann der Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 mit Bezug zur Drehachse 29 verändert werden. Wenn die Speiseklappe 5 über das Gestänge 51 mit der Drehachse 59 verbunden ist, kann so ein Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe 5 und dem im Schüttgutraum 8 angehäuften Schüttgut 7 eingestellt und dadurch die Spaltbreite in Abhängigkeit vom Gewicht des Schüttguts 7 angepasst werden. Hierzu werden die Messwerte der Sensoren 31, 32 verwendet. Ist der untere Sensor 31 nicht von Schüttgut 7 bedeckt, so verfährt der Motor 21 in die von der Drehachse 29 entfernte Richtung, bis der Anschlag erreicht ist bzw. verbleibt in dieser Position. In Figur 1a) ist der Motor 21 in der ausgefahrenen Position entfernt von der Drehachse 29, d.h. mit dem größtmöglichen Gegengewicht, dargestellt. Diese Position wird auch Ausgangsposition genannt. In dieser Position ist der Spalt minimal. Dabei kann es zweckdienlich sein, dass stets eine kleine Öffnung vorhanden ist, oder dass der Spalt vollständig geschlossen ist. Ist nur der untere Sensor 31 von Schüttgut 7 bedeckt, wird die Motorposition nicht verändert. Sind beide Sensoren 31, 32 von Schüttgut 7 bedeckt, fährt der Motor 21 in Richtung der Drehachse 29. Dadurch wird der Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 näher zur Drehachse 29 verlagert und das Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe 5 und dem Schüttgut 7 wird geringer. Figure 1a ) shows the housing 1 and the externally mounted motor unit 2, which is firmly connected to the axis of rotation 29. Inside the motor unit there is a motor 21, which can be displaced on a linear axis 28, and a carriage 22. The displacement is carried out by moving the motor 21, for example on a spindle, parallel to the carriage 22. By driving the motor 21, the The center of gravity of the motor unit 2 can be changed with respect to the axis of rotation 29. If the feed flap 5 is connected to the axis of rotation 59 via the linkage 51, a counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 accumulated in the bulk material space 8 can be set and the gap width can thereby be adjusted depending on the weight of the bulk material 7. The measured values from the sensors 31, 32 are used for this. If the lower sensor 31 is not covered by bulk material 7, the motor 21 moves in the direction away from the axis of rotation 29 until the stop is reached or remains in this position. In Figure 1a ) the motor 21 is shown in the extended position away from the axis of rotation 29, ie with the largest possible counterweight. This position is also called the starting position. In this position the gap is minimal. It may be useful that there is always a small opening or that the gap is completely closed. If only the lower sensor 31 is covered by bulk material 7, the motor position is not changed. If both sensors 31, 32 are covered by bulk material 7, the motor 21 moves in the direction of the axis of rotation 29. This shifts the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 closer to the axis of rotation 29 and the counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 becomes smaller.

Die außerhalb des Gehäuses 1 angebrachte Motoreinheit 2 weist ferner an der dem Gehäuse zugewandten Seite außen ein Justagegewicht 23 auf, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 einstellen zu können. Hierauf wird bei der Beschreibung von Figur 8 näher eingegangen.The motor unit 2 attached outside the housing 1 also has an adjustment weight 23 on the outside on the side facing the housing in order to be able to adjust the center of gravity of the motor unit 2. This is referred to in the description of Figure 8 discussed in more detail.

Die folgenden Figuren 2 bis 5 zeigen die erfindungsgemäße Einlassvorrichtung im Betrieb. Die Unterfiguren a) bis c) zeigen dabei jeweils die gleichen Schnitte bzw. Darstellungen der Einlassvorrichtung wie die der Figuren 1a) bis c)The following Figures 2 to 5 show the inlet device according to the invention in operation. The sub-figures a) to c) each show the same sections or representations of the inlet device as that of Figures 1a ) to c)

Figur 2 zeigt die Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb kurz nach dem Anfahren. Der Motor 21 befindet sich in der Ausgangsposition, d.h. die Spaltgröße ist minimal. Das Schüttgut 7 wird über den Produkteinlauf 6 in den Schüttgutraum 8 geführt und häuft sich dort zwischen Stauplatte 4, Speiseklappe 5 und den Seitenwänden des Gehäuses 1 kegelförmig an. Der Füllstand des Schüttguts 7 im Schüttgutraum 8 ist noch unterhalb des unteren Sensors 31. Figure 2 shows the inlet device in operation shortly after starting. The motor 21 is in the starting position, ie the gap size is minimal. The bulk material 7 is fed into the bulk material space 8 via the product inlet 6 and accumulates there in a cone shape between the baffle plate 4, the feed flap 5 and the side walls of the housing 1. The fill level of the bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 is still below the lower sensor 31.

Figur 3 zeigt die Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb bei Erreichen des unteren Sensors 31 bzw. Leermelders durch das Schüttgut 7. Die gesamte Breite des Schüttgutraums 8 ist mit Schüttgut 7 bedeckt, wodurch ein gleichmäßiger Produktabfluss gewährleistet ist. Der Motor 21 verbleibt weiterhin in der ausgefahrenen Position, d.h. mit dem größtmöglichen Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe 5 und dem darauf lastenden Schüttgut 7. Figure 3 shows the inlet device in operation when the lower sensor 31 or empty detector is reached by the bulk material 7. The entire width of the bulk material space 8 is covered with bulk material 7, which ensures a uniform product outflow. The motor 21 remains in the extended position, ie with the greatest possible counterweight to the feed flap 5 and the bulk material 7 loaded on it.

Figur 4 zeigt die Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb bei Erreichen des unteren Sensors 31 bzw. Leermelders und des oberen Sensors 32 bzw. Vollmelders durch das Schüttgut 7. Dies bedeutet, dass die Zulaufmenge an Schüttgut 7 größer ist als die durch den Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 abgeführte Menge. Der Motor 21 verfährt somit näher in Richtung Drehachse 29 der Motoreinheit, wodurch das Gegengewicht der Motoreinheit 2 zur mit Schüttgut 7 belasteten Speiseklappe 5 verringert wird. Dadurch kann sich der Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 weiter öffnen. Figur 4d) zeigt den Ausschnitt C der Schüttgutraums 8. Figure 4 shows the inlet device in operation when the lower sensor 31 or empty indicator and the upper sensor 32 or full indicator are reached by the bulk material 7. This means that the inflow quantity of bulk material 7 is larger than that discharged through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 Crowd. The motor 21 thus moves closer in the direction of the axis of rotation 29 of the motor unit, whereby the counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5 loaded with bulk material 7 is reduced. This allows the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the food flap 5 to open further. Figure 4d ) shows section C of the bulk material space 8.

Figur 5 zeigt die Einlasseinrichtung im Betrieb wobei weiterhin beide Sensoren 31, 32 mit Schüttgut 7 bedeckt sind. Somit ist die Zulaufmenge weiterhin größer als die Ablaufmenge und folglich fährt der Motor 21 weiter in Richtung Drehachse 29, wodurch sich der Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 näher zur Drehachse 29 verlagert. Dadurch wird das Gegengewicht zur mit Schüttgut 7 belasteten Speiseklappe 5 weiter verringert und die Klappe kann sich weiter öffnen, um den Durchsatz zu erhöhen. Figur 5d) zeigt den Ausschnitt C des Schüttgutraums 8. Figure 5 shows the inlet device in operation, with both sensors 31, 32 still being covered with bulk material 7. The inflow quantity is therefore still greater than the outflow quantity and consequently the motor 21 moves further in the direction of the axis of rotation 29, as a result of which the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 shifts closer to the axis of rotation 29. This further reduces the counterweight to the feed flap 5 loaded with bulk material 7 and the flap can open further in order to increase the throughput. Figure 5d ) shows section C of the bulk material space 8.

Figur 6 zeigt ein beispielhaftes Ablaufdiagramm der Füllmenge an Schüttgut 7 im Schüttgutraum 8 sowie der korrespondierenden Position des Motors 21 über die Zeit. Zur Zeit S0, dem Anlaufen der Maschine, ist kein Schüttgut 7 im Schüttgutraum 8, und der Motor 21 ist vollständig ausgefahren, sodass das maximale Gegengewicht auf die Speiseklappe 5 wirkt. Im Folgenden wird der Schüttgutraum 8 mit Schüttgut 7 gefüllt. Wenn der untere Sensor 31 erreicht wird, d.h. das Schüttgut über die gesamte Breite der Maschine verteilt ist, ändert sich zunächst nichts an der Position des Motors 21. Bei Schritt S1 sind der untere Sensor 31 und der obere Sensor 32 von Schüttgut 7 bedeckt und der Motor verfährt in Richtung Drehachse 29, wodurch sich das Gegengewicht auf die Speiseklappe 5 verringert und sich diese somit durch das auf die Speiseklappe 5 wirkende Gewicht des Schüttguts 7 weiter öffnen kann. Das Figure 6 shows an exemplary flow chart of the filling quantity of bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 and the corresponding position of the motor 21 over time. At time S0, when the machine starts up, there is no bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8, and the motor 21 is fully extended, so that the maximum counterweight acts on the feed flap 5. The bulk material space 8 is then filled with bulk material 7. When the lower sensor 31 is reached, that is, the bulk material is distributed over the entire width of the machine, initially nothing changes in the position of the motor 21. In step S1, the lower sensor 31 and the upper sensor 32 are covered by bulk material 7 and the Motor moves in the direction of rotation axis 29, whereby the counterweight on the feed flap 5 is reduced and this can thus open further due to the weight of the bulk material 7 acting on the feed flap 5. The

Fahren des Motors 21 kann dabei beispielsweise je über eine Dauer von 500 ms mit 750 ms Pause dazwischen erfolgen, aber auch andere Zeitdauern können zweckdienlich sein. Das Verfahren des Motors erfolgt aber vorzugsweise immer mit derselben Geschwindigkeit bzw. nach demselben Muster.Driving the motor 21 can, for example, take place over a period of 500 ms with a 750 ms pause in between, but other durations can also be useful. However, the motor is preferably always moved at the same speed or according to the same pattern.

Bei Schritt S2 fällt der Füllstand des Schüttguts 7 im Schüttgutraum 8 durch eine Vergrößerung der Abflussmenge bzw. einen geringeren Zufluss wieder unter den oberen Sensor 32 und die Motorbewegung wird gestoppt. Da der Schüttgutstand im Schüttgutraum 8 oberhalb des unteren Sensors 31 verbleibt, wird keine Motorbewegung vorgenommen.In step S2, the fill level of the bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 falls back below the upper sensor 32 due to an increase in the outflow quantity or a lower inflow and the motor movement is stopped. Since the bulk material level in the bulk material space 8 remains above the lower sensor 31, no motor movement is carried out.

Bis S3 füllt sich der Schüttgutraum 8 beispielsweise durch einen vergrößerten Zufluss wieder, sodass auch der obere Sensor 32 wieder bedeckt ist. Der Motor 21 fährt somit weiter in Richtung Drehachse 29, wodurch sich die Speiseklappe 5 aufgrund des geringeren Gegengewichts durch die Verlagerung des Schwerpunkts der Motoreinheit 2 näher zur Drehachse 29 weiter öffnen kann. Der Produktabfluss wird somit höher und der Füllstand des Schüttguts 7 fällt in Schritt S4 wieder unter den oberen Sensor 32, weshalb die Motorbewegung gestoppt wird. Das Schüttgut 7 kann somit weiter gleichmäßig über die gesamte Breite der gewichtsbelastete Speiseklappe 5 abfließen.Up to S3, the bulk material space 8 fills up again, for example due to an increased inflow, so that the upper sensor 32 is also covered again. The motor 21 thus moves further in the direction of the axis of rotation 29, whereby the feed flap 5 can open further due to the lower counterweight due to the shifting of the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 closer to the axis of rotation 29. The product outflow thus becomes higher and the fill level of the bulk material 7 falls below the upper sensor 32 again in step S4, which is why the motor movement is stopped. The bulk material 7 can thus continue to flow evenly over the entire width of the weight-loaded food flap 5.

In Schritt S5 fällt der Füllstand des Schüttguts 7 im Schüttgutraum 8 so weit, dass auch der untere Sensor 31 nicht mehr von Schüttgut bedeckt ist. Der Motor 21 entfernt sich daher durch Fahren von der Drehachse 29, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 weiter weg von der Drehachse 29 zu verlagern und das Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe 5 zu erhöhen. Der Produktdurchfluss durch den Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 wird somit geringer. Sobald der Füllstand aufgrund des geringeren Produktabflusses wieder den unteren Sensor 31 erreicht, wird wie bei Schritt S6 die Motorbewegung gestoppt. Der Produktzulauf wird geringer, weshalb der Füllstand in Schritt S7 wieder unter den unteren Sensor 31 fällt. Der Motor 21 verfährt, bis er in der Ausgangsposition ist, und die Maschine kann vollständig leer laufen.In step S5, the fill level of the bulk material 7 in the bulk material space 8 falls to such an extent that the lower sensor 31 is no longer covered by bulk material. The motor 21 therefore moves away from the axis of rotation 29 by driving in order to shift the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 further away from the axis of rotation 29 and to increase the counterweight to the feed flap 5. The product flow through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 is therefore lower. As soon as the fill level reaches the lower sensor 31 again due to the lower product outflow, the motor movement is stopped as in step S6. The product inflow becomes less, which is why the fill level falls below the lower sensor 31 again in step S7. The motor 21 moves until it is in the starting position and the machine can run completely empty.

Zusammengefasst fährt der Motor 21 in Richtung entfernt von der Drehachse 29, um den Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 so zu verlagern, dass das Gegengewicht auf die Speiseklappe 5 höher wird, solange der untere Sensor 31 nicht von Schüttgut bedeckt ist. Falls sich der Motor 21 in der Ausgangsposition befindet, verbleibt er in dieser Position. Ist der untere Sensor 31 von Schüttgut 7 bedeckt, findet keine Motorbewegung statt. Falls der Motor 21 zum Zeitpunkt des Erreichens des unteren Sensors 31 durch das Schüttgut 7 gerade bewegt wird, wird die Bewegung gestoppt. Sind der untere Sensor 31 und der obere Sensor 32 von Schüttgut bedeckt, fährt der Motor 21 in Richtung Drehachse 29, sodass sich der Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 näher zur Drehachse verlagert. Das Gegengewicht zur Speiseklappe 5 wird dadurch geringer und es kann mehr Schüttgut 7 durch den Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 abfließen. Dadurch dass die Speiseklappe 5 drehbar mit dem Kontergewicht der Motoreinheit 2 gelagert ist, können auch große und schwere Fremdkörper den Spalt zwischen Stauplatte 4 und Speiseklappe 5 passieren, indem sie die gewichtsbelastete Speiseklappe 5 herabdrücken und somit kann einer Verstopfung oder Beschädigung der Einlasseinrichtung vorgebeugt werden.In summary, the motor 21 moves in a direction away from the axis of rotation 29 in order to shift the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 so that the counterweight on the feed flap 5 becomes higher as long as the lower sensor 31 is not covered by bulk material. If the motor 21 is in the starting position, it remains in this position. Is the lower one Sensor 31 is covered by bulk material 7, there is no motor movement. If the motor 21 is being moved at the time the bulk material 7 reaches the lower sensor 31, the movement is stopped. If the lower sensor 31 and the upper sensor 32 are covered by bulk material, the motor 21 moves in the direction of the axis of rotation 29, so that the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 shifts closer to the axis of rotation. The counterweight to the feed flap 5 is thereby reduced and more bulk material 7 can flow out through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5. Because the feed flap 5 is rotatably mounted with the counterweight of the motor unit 2, large and heavy foreign bodies can also pass through the gap between the baffle plate 4 and the feed flap 5 by pressing down the weight-loaded feed flap 5 and thus blockage or damage to the inlet device can be prevented.

Figur 7 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Motoreinheit 2 mit dem Motor 21, der mittels eines Schlittens 22 auf der Linearachse 28, die senkrecht zur Drehachse der Motoreinheit 29 ist, verschiebbar ist. Figure 7 shows a section through the motor unit 2 with the motor 21, which can be displaced by means of a slide 22 on the linear axis 28, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor unit 29.

Figur 8 zeigt eine Außenansicht der Motoreinheit 2 mit dem Justagegewicht 23, das über Langlöcher 24 in Richtung der Linearachse 28 verschiebbar ist. Dadurch kann abhängig von den Gegebenheiten jeder einzelnen Reinigungsmaschine der Schwerpunkt der Motoreinheit 2 mit Bezug zur Drehachse 29 eingestellt werden. Dieser Vorgang muss nur einmal bei Inbetriebnahme erfolgen. Eine Verschiebung des Justagegewichts 23 nach außen, also weg von der Drehachse 29 bewirkt ein höheres Gegengewicht der Motoreinheit 2 zur Speiseklappe 5, während eine Verschiebung näher hin zur Drehachse 29 ein geringeres Gegengewicht der Motoreinheit 2 zur Speiseklappe 5 zur Folge hat. Figure 8 shows an external view of the motor unit 2 with the adjustment weight 23, which can be moved in the direction of the linear axis 28 via elongated holes 24. As a result, the center of gravity of the motor unit 2 can be adjusted in relation to the axis of rotation 29, depending on the circumstances of each individual cleaning machine. This process only needs to be done once during commissioning. A shift of the adjustment weight 23 outwards, i.e. away from the axis of rotation 29, causes a higher counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5, while a shift closer to the axis of rotation 29 results in a lower counterweight of the motor unit 2 to the feed flap 5.

Durch die Erfindung kann ein stetiger Produktfluss des Schüttguts 7 über die gesamte Maschinenbreite gewährleistet werden, ohne dass manuelle Einstellungen im Betrieb vorgenommen werden müssten. Durch die gewichtsbelastete Speiseklappe 5 können auch große und schwere Fremdkörper den Spalt passieren, wodurch einer Verstopfung oder Beschädigung der Maschine vorgebeugt wird. Die Steuerung über maximal zwei Sensoren 31, 32 ist einfach, robust und wartungsarm, da die Sensoren 31, 32 im Betrieb durch den Produktdurchfluss gereinigt werden. Durch den verschlossenen Aufbau und die innenliegende Anbringung der Sensoren 31, 32 kann ferner innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 die ATEX Schutzzone 21 und außerhalb des Gehäuses 1 die ATEX Schutzzone 22 eingehalten werden. Auch die Lebensmittelsicherheit ist durch den geschlossenen Aufbau sichergestellt.The invention allows a constant product flow of the bulk material 7 to be ensured across the entire width of the machine without having to make manual adjustments during operation. The weight-loaded feed flap 5 also allows large and heavy foreign objects to pass through the gap, thereby preventing the machine from becoming blocked or damaged. The control via a maximum of two sensors 31, 32 is simple, robust and low-maintenance, since the sensors 31, 32 are cleaned by the product flow during operation. Due to the closed structure and the internal mounting of the sensors 31, 32, the ATEX protection zone can also be created within the housing 1 21 and outside of the housing 1 the ATEX protection zone 22 must be adhered to. Food safety is also ensured by the closed structure.

Bezugszeichenliste:List of reference symbols:

11
GehäuseHousing
22
MotoreinheitMotor unit
2121
Motorengine
2222
SchlittenSleds
2323
JustagegewichtAdjustment weight
2424
LanglöcherElongated holes
2828
Linearachse des MotorsLinear axis of the motor
2929
Drehachse der MotoreinheitAxis of rotation of the motor unit
33
SensorhalterungSensor holder
3131
Unterer SensorLower sensor
3232
Oberer SensorUpper sensor
44
Stauplattebaffle plate
55
SpeiseklappeFood hatch
5151
Gestängelinkage
5959
Drehachse der SpeiseklappeAxis of rotation of the food flap
66
ProdukteinlaufProduct inlet
77
SchüttgutBulk goods
88th
SchüttgutraumBulk room
S1-S7S1-S7
Beispielhafte VerfahrensschritteExample procedural steps

Claims (10)

  1. Inlet device for feeding bulk material (7), with
    a machine housing (1), wherein a baffle plate (4), a rotatably mounted feed flap (5) defining a gap between the baffle plate (4) and the feed flap (5) and being connected with a rotation axis (29), and upper and lower sensors (31, 32) for measuring the amount of the bulk material (7) present in a space (8) between the baffle plate (4), the feed flap (5) and the side walls of the machine housing (1), are provided inside the machine housing (1);
    wherein the inlet device further comprises a motor unit (2) provided outside the machine housing (1) and being fixedly connected to the rotation axis (29);
    wherein the motor unit (2) is connectable to the feed flap (5) via the rotation axis (29) and forms a counterweight to the feed flap (5),
    wherein the motor unit (2) comprises a motor (21) and a carriage (22), wherein the motor (21) is slidable of the carriage (22) on a linear axis (28) perpendicular to the rotation axis (29) for changing the center of gravity of the motor unit (2) on the linear axis (28) relative to the rotation axis (29);
    wherein the size of the gap between the baffle plate (4) and the feed flap (5) depends on the position of the motor (21) on the linear axis (28) and the weight of the bulk material (7) loaded on the feed flap (5).
  2. Inlet device according to claim 1,
    wherein the sensors (31, 32) on the sensor mount (3) are provided on a sidewall of the housing (1).
  3. Inlet device according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein at most two sensors (31, 32) are used for measuring the amount of the bulk material (7).
  4. Inlet device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    wherein capacitive sensors are used as sensors (31, 32).
  5. Inlet device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    wherein the feed flap (5) and the rotation axis (29) are connected using a device that is configured in a way that the rotational movement of the rotation axis (29) can be transformed to a lifting-lowering movement of the feed flap (5).
  6. Inlet device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    wherein the motor unit (2) uses an adjustment weight (23) moveable in the direction of the linear axis (28) using slots (24) in order to change the center of gravity of the motor unit (2) relative to the rotation axis (29).
  7. Inlet device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    wherein the inlet device can be used for introducing flowable bulk material (7), in particular grains.
  8. Cleaning machine for cleaning bulk material (7) with an inlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  9. Method for controlling inflow of an inlet device of bulk material (7) with an inflow device, in particular an inlet device according to one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises a baffle plate (4), a rotatably mounted feed flap (5) defining a gap between the baffle plate (4) and the feed flap (5) and being connected with a rotation axis (29), and upper and lower sensors (31, 32) for measuring the amount of the bulk material (7) present in a space (8) between the baffle plate (4), the feed flap (5) and the side walls of the machine housing (1) inside a machine housing (1);
    wherein a motor unit (2) being fixedly connected to the rotation axis (29) forms a counterweight to the feed flap (5), wherein the motor unit (2) comprises a motor (21) and a carriage (22), wherein the motor (21) is slidable of the carriage (22) on a linear axis (28) perpendicular to the rotation axis (29) for changing the center of gravity of the motor unit (2) on the linear axis (28) relative to the rotation axis (29),
    wherein by sliding the motor (21) and thus changing the center of gravity of the motor unit (2) relative to the rotation axis (29), the counterweight is reduced, when the lower sensor (31) and the upper sensor (32) are covered by bulk material (7); and
    by sliding the motor (21) and thus changing the center of gravity of the motor unit (2) relative to the rotation axis (29), the counterweight is increased, when the lower sensor (31) is not covered by bulk material (7).
  10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the sliding of the motor (21) is done continuously or in equal intervals.
EP19719284.2A 2018-04-27 2019-04-24 Automatic inflow regulation Active EP3784417B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018206580.2A DE102018206580A1 (en) 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Automatic inlet regulation
PCT/EP2019/060442 WO2019206948A1 (en) 2018-04-27 2019-04-24 Automatic inflow regulation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3784417A1 EP3784417A1 (en) 2021-03-03
EP3784417B1 true EP3784417B1 (en) 2023-10-18

Family

ID=66251808

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19719284.2A Active EP3784417B1 (en) 2018-04-27 2019-04-24 Automatic inflow regulation

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3784417B1 (en)
CN (1) CN111867739B (en)
BR (1) BR112020021973B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102018206580A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3784417T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2966129T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2747997C1 (en)
UA (1) UA126216C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2019206948A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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RU2568200C1 (en) * 2014-08-01 2015-11-10 Айрат Мунирович Гимадиев Grain-cleaning machine
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CN206915374U (en) * 2017-05-12 2018-01-23 武汉钇太自动化设备有限公司 A kind of continuous batching device of bulk cargo rice

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019206948A1 (en) 2019-10-31
UA126216C2 (en) 2022-08-31
DE102018206580A1 (en) 2019-10-31
DK3784417T3 (en) 2023-12-04
CN111867739B (en) 2023-07-07
RU2747997C1 (en) 2021-05-18
BR112020021973B1 (en) 2023-11-21
EP3784417A1 (en) 2021-03-03
ES2966129T3 (en) 2024-04-18
CN111867739A (en) 2020-10-30
BR112020021973A2 (en) 2021-01-26

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