EP3689705B1 - Automatic traction coupling - Google Patents

Automatic traction coupling Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3689705B1
EP3689705B1 EP20151910.5A EP20151910A EP3689705B1 EP 3689705 B1 EP3689705 B1 EP 3689705B1 EP 20151910 A EP20151910 A EP 20151910A EP 3689705 B1 EP3689705 B1 EP 3689705B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
latching
ratchet bar
core element
uncoupled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20151910.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3689705A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Schüler
Andreas Schwinning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Priority to PL20151910T priority Critical patent/PL3689705T3/en
Publication of EP3689705A1 publication Critical patent/EP3689705A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3689705B1 publication Critical patent/EP3689705B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
    • B61G3/16—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads rigidly connected by rotatable hook plates or discs and balancing links, the coupling members forming a parallelogram, e.g. "Scharfenberg" type
    • B61G3/18—Locking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
    • B61G3/16—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads rigidly connected by rotatable hook plates or discs and balancing links, the coupling members forming a parallelogram, e.g. "Scharfenberg" type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic train coupling, in particular for a freight car of a rail vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • automatic pulling couplings of the generic type which have a coupling head with a coupling housing and a coupling lock with a lock.
  • the coupling lock is designed as a twist lock with a coupling eye and a frog, the frog being rotatable about a main axis between a ready-to-couple position, a coupled position and a decoupled position, and the coupling eye is connected to the frog with a first end rotatable about a coupling eye axis and has a second free end.
  • the frog has a mouth for receiving a corresponding second end of a coupling eye of an opposing coupling head.
  • a spring accumulator is assigned to the centerpiece.
  • the centerpiece can be rotated against the force of the spring accumulator from the coupled position into the decoupled position and by the force of the spring accumulator from the decoupled position into the coupling-ready position and from the coupling-ready position into the coupled position.
  • the lock which holds the coupling lock in the appropriate position or releases it to transition to another position by turning the frog, has a plunger that can be displaced against a spring force in the coupling direction of the pulling coupling and a ratchet rod that can be moved transversely or obliquely to the coupling direction.
  • the pawl rod is connected to the frog in an articulated manner and can be displaced from the frog when it is rotated from the coupled position into the uncoupled position into a latching position in which the pawl rod rotates the frog back, that is, blocked in the direction from the uncoupled position to the coupled position.
  • the punch in turn is movable between a first position and a second position.
  • the plunger In the first position, in which the plunger is displaced against the spring force, the plunger blocks the ratchet rod in the latching position and in the second position, in which the plunger is displaced from the first position by the spring force, the plunger releases the pawl rod Detent position.
  • the function of the generic automatic towing coupling is as follows: Two coupling heads of the same type on two vehicles to be coupled are locked together by inserting the second end of the respective coupling eye into the mouth of the frog of the other coupling head and holding it in a form-fitting manner by twisting the frog there becomes. The two vehicles are then mechanically coupled to one another.
  • the two dome locks are only loaded by tensile forces that are evenly distributed over both dome eyes within the parallelogram formed by the dome loops and the frogs. Compressive forces, on the other hand, are transmitted by a special profile on the front of the coupling head housing, the profile usually, as is also advantageous in the present invention, comprising a cone and a funnel, which are enclosed by a wide, in particular flat end face.
  • the profile can be formed by a separate face plate that is attached to the front of the coupling head housing.
  • the profile can form sliding and centering surfaces with the cone and funnel and, in particular, determine the gripping area in terms of lateral, vertical and angular offset. When the coupling heads meet, they center and slide into each other.
  • a decoupling device rotates both coupling locks, i.e. the two frogs against the force of the spring accumulator, until the coupling eyes slide out of the mouths of the frogs.
  • the twisting frogs should move the ratchet rods so far that when the vehicles are separated, turning the frogs back from the uncoupled position beyond the position ready for coupling is prevented by bringing the ratchet rods into their locking positions.
  • the pull couplings are designed in such a way that the coupling heads or coupling locks operate alternately. If, for example, a coupling lock is released with a manual uncoupling or also with an automated uncoupling, in that its core is rotated against the force of the spring accumulator, this rotary movement is via the Transfer the coupling eyes articulated to the frog and the mouth of the opposite frog to the opposite frog. Correspondingly, the opposing frog transmits its rotary movement to its ratchet rod in such a way that it reaches its latching position.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of improving a generic automatic pulling coupling in such a way that locking of the frog is reliably achieved by moving the ratchet rod into the latching position even with a coupling head that is passively actuated, as shown.
  • An automatic train coupling according to the invention in particular for a freight car of a rail vehicle, has a coupling head which comprises a coupling head housing and a coupling lock with a locking device.
  • the coupling lock is designed as a twist lock with a coupling eyelet and a frog, the frog being rotatable about a main axis between a position ready for coupling, a coupled position and a decoupled position.
  • the decoupled position can coincide with the position ready for coupling, or, viewed from the coupled position, the decoupled position is provided beyond the position ready for coupling, based on the rotary movement of the frog.
  • the coupling eye is connected to the frog with a first end so that it can be rotated about a coupling eye axis and has a second free end.
  • the second free end forms in particular a crossbar in order to achieve the loop-shaped shape of the coupling loop.
  • the frog has a mouth which is arranged to receive a second end of a coupling lug of an opposite coupling head, and the frog is against the force of a spring accumulator from the coupled position into the decoupled position and by the force of the spring accumulator at least from the decoupled position in the coupled position can be rotated, especially if the uncoupled position does not coincide with the ready-to-couple position, rotatable by the force of the spring accumulator from the uncoupled position to the ready-to-couple position and from the ready-to-couple position to the coupled position.
  • the cross bar of the coupling eye is inserted into the mouth.
  • the locking of the coupling lock has a plunger which can be displaced against a spring force in the coupling direction of the pulling coupling and a ratchet rod which can be displaced transversely or obliquely to the coupling direction.
  • the pawl rod is connected to the frog in an articulated manner and when it is rotated from the coupled position into the uncoupled position can be displaced into a latching position in which the pawl rod blocks rotation of the frog from the uncoupled position into the coupled position.
  • the plunger In a first position displaced against the spring force, the plunger blocks the ratchet rod in the latching position and releases the ratchet rod from the latching position when it is in a second position displaced by the spring force.
  • the latching position of the ratchet rod is now positioned, that is to say selected in such a way, that the ratchet rod is already shifted into the latching position before the frog reaches its uncoupled position.
  • the ratchet rod reaches the latching position earlier, even if the frog has not yet been rotated as far as possible from the coupled position in the direction of the uncoupled position.
  • the ratchet bar thus reaches the latching position already in a predetermined twisted position of the frog in the direction of rotation from the coupled to the uncoupled position, the predefined twisted position having a twist angle difference compared to the twisted position of the frog in the mentioned maximum possible twisted position.
  • the ratchet rod reaches the latching position earlier, which can be achieved, for example, in that a latching projection of the ratchet rod comes into engagement earlier with a latching projection of a guide for the ratchet rod if the frog is not yet completely out the coupled position up to its maximum possible twisted position, in which it assumes the uncoupled position, was rotated.
  • a conventional ratchet rod can be modified, for example, in that its latching projection is positioned comparatively further away from a connection of the latch rod on the frog and / or the latching projection of the guide is positioned comparatively closer to the connection of the latch rod on the frog.
  • the solution according to the invention ensures that, at least as soon as the punch has been moved from the second position to the first position, the ratchet rod engages in a counter bearing, even if the frog connected to the ratchet rod was not previously rotated maximally in the direction of the uncoupled position.
  • This is particularly important for the passively operated coupling lock described at the beginning, in which the frog is not rotated directly by an automated decoupling connected to it or by a manual decoupling, but indirectly via the opposite frog and the dome loops connected to it or via the opposite frog and its own coupling eye, which is shifted accordingly from the opposite frog.
  • a shifting position of the pawl rod is defined in which the pawl rod has been shifted far enough in the direction of the punch to be released by the punch in its second position on a counter bearing, for example on a guide of the punch, to click into place.
  • the ratchet rod can assume the latching position, which can accordingly also be called the ready-to-latch position, before the punch releases the actual latching with the counter bearing.
  • the punch has an opening which at least partially or completely encloses the ratchet rod and which
  • the ratchet bar forms with the counter bearing, in particular on a guide of the ram, a locking connection with two interengaging locking projections, which can also be called locking lugs, wherein the ratchet bar can be actuated by moving the ram from the first to the second position to end mutual engagement of the locking projections.
  • the pawl rod has a latching projection which is positioned to be displaced over the latching projection of the counter bearing when the frog to which the pawl rod is connected is rotated from the coupled position to the uncoupled position, wherein in the uncoupled position , that is, with a maximum rotation of the frog out of the coupled position in the direction of the uncoupled position, a distance between the locking projections in the direction of displacement of the ratchet rod is set.
  • the latching position of the ratchet rod is advantageously positioned in such a way that the latch rod is already shifted into the latching position or ready-to-latch position before the frog reaches its uncoupled position or any uncoupling position at all, so that the latch rod is in the uncoupled position of the Heart piece has been moved beyond the locking position, so to speak.
  • an elastic spring element is provided, against the spring force of which the ratchet rod can be brought into the latching position.
  • the spring element is positioned to press the latching projections into one another transversely to the direction of displacement of the ratchet rod for mutual engagement.
  • the punch can preferably be brought into engagement with the ratchet rod in the region of the opening in such a way that it moves from the first into the second
  • the coupling head preferably has a manual uncoupling.
  • the manual decoupling can be accessible for its actuation from only one side transversely to the coupling direction.
  • a structurally complex manual uncoupling arranged on both sides can be omitted and the operating times can be shortened because according to the invention it is ensured that the passively operated coupling lock is always safely brought into the desired position ready for coupling.
  • impulse lines were provided for transmitting a decoupling impulse, through which the aforementioned play in the pulling coupling or in the coupling joint was canceled, then these impulse lines for transmitting the decoupling impulse and for feeding the uncoupling cylinder of the counter coupling can be used in the solution according to the invention omitted.
  • the operating instructions for uncoupling can also be simplified. Braking and pushing the vehicles of long trains before separating the vehicles can be dispensed with.
  • the inventive solution in particular ensures an improved geometric arrangement of the locking lug on the ratchet rod, which ensures that the passively actuated coupling lock locks both coupling heads in the ready-to-couple position in the event of a superimposed movement consisting of opening the coupling locks and moving the coupling heads apart.
  • Air coupling valves which are controlled by the closing movement around the main axis, are thus also reliably closed, if provided. This prevents the main air line from venting and the corresponding rail vehicle from being braked to the maximum in the Maneuvering area is. The release of the brakes has so far led to an unfavorable delay, especially in the case of longer car units, due to the need to fill the air reservoirs.
  • the manual decoupling comprises, for example, a cable pull or another gear with at least one chain, a linkage or a lever system.
  • the decoupling movement is transmitted via a cable pull to a decoupling lever, which causes the corresponding frog to rotate.
  • the frog is in particular mounted on a main bolt and is advantageously connected to the main bolt in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the frog is also rotated by rotating the main bolt.
  • the main bolt accordingly extends along the main axis and is rotatable about the main axis.
  • the manual decoupling can also act on the main bolt to rotate it.
  • Manual uncouplers are used in particular when there is no energy available for automated uncoupling, for example in the case of train couplings on freight wagons.
  • the uncoupling and thus the opening of the coupling lock can then take place directly on the coupling head at the end of the car.
  • a rail vehicle according to the invention has an automatic train coupling of the type shown.
  • a rail vehicle comprises several cars - motor coaches and / or passenger cars / freight cars - which are each coupled by means of an automatic train coupling according to the invention, each automatic train coupling having two corresponding coupling heads, of which the heart of one (passively actuated) coupling lock is indirectly via the rotation of the heart of the other (actively operated) coupling lock is effected by this rotation being transmitted via the coupling eyelet.
  • the automatic train coupling has a coupling head 1, which comprises a coupling head housing 2 and the coupling lock 3.
  • the coupling lock 3 is designed as a rotary lock, with the heart 6, to which a coupling eye 5 is connected so that it can be rotated about a coupling eye axis 8.
  • the frog 6 in turn is rotatable about the main axis 7.
  • the frog 6 is mounted on a main pin 19 and connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • an actuator 20 of a valve of a compressed air line (not shown in detail here), in particular brake air line HL, can be controlled via the main bolt 19, so that when the coupling lock 3 is rotated into the coupled position, the valve is opened and when Turning the coupling lock 3 into the uncoupled position or position ready for coupling, the valve is closed.
  • the coupling eye 5 has a first end 5.1, at which it is rotatably connected to the frog 6, as well as an opposite second end 5.2, which can be clamped in a mouth 9 of the frog 6 of an opposing coupling head 1, around the two coupling heads 1 mechanically to lock together, such as in the Figures 2 and 4th is shown.
  • the coupling eye 5 has a cross bar not shown here at its second end 5.2.
  • each coupling head 1 is against the force of a spring accumulator 10, which is formed for example by one or more tension springs, see the Figures 2 and 6th , from the uncoupled position ( Figure 5 ) into the coupled position ( Figure 4 ) or the position ready for coupling ( Figure 1 ) rotatable.
  • a spring accumulator 10 which is formed for example by one or more tension springs, see the Figures 2 and 6th , from the uncoupled position ( Figure 5 ) into the coupled position ( Figure 4 ) or the position ready for coupling ( Figure 1 ) rotatable.
  • Each coupling head 1 has a plunger 11 which is displaceable in the coupling direction of the train coupling, that is to say in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the coupling heads 1 and which can be displaced linearly in a guide 15 between a first position and a second position.
  • the punch 11 cooperates with a ratchet rod 12 which is hingedly connected to the frog 6 with one axial end and as from the Figure 8 it can be seen that an opening 13 of the stamp 11 extends through.
  • the pawl rod 12 has a latching projection 16 in the area of the opening 13, which can be brought into engagement with a latching projection 17 in order to prevent the pawl rod 12 from moving in the direction from its second end to its first end connected to the frog 6, and thus a corresponding rotation of the frog 6.
  • the latching projection 17 is provided on the guide 15, which forms a counter bearing 14 for producing a latching connection with the ratchet rod 12.
  • An elastic spring element 18 engages the ratchet rod 12 in the sense of bringing the two latching projections 16, 17 into engagement, whereas the ram 11, when it is moved from a first position to a second position, counteracts the force of the spring element 18 with the ratchet rod 12 releases from the locking connection with the counter bearing 14.
  • the frog 6 can be rotated by the force of the spring accumulator 10, whereas this rotation is blocked in the latching position of the ratchet rod 12.
  • Each coupling head 1 has a profile with a cone 21 and a funnel 22 on its free end face.
  • the cone 21 and the funnel 22 are enclosed by a flat end face 23.
  • the profile or the end face 23 is formed by an end plate 24, which can be designed integrally with the coupling head housing 2 or can be connected to it separately.
  • the second ends 5.2 of the coupling eyes 5 are pushed into the mouths 9 of the frogs 6 and the frogs 6, which are no longer blocked by the ratchet rods 12, rotate due to the force of the spring accumulator 10 from the in the Figure 1 ready for coupling position shown in the Figure 4 shown coupled position, in which the frogs 6 strike in particular on the coupling head housings 2.
  • the latches in the funnels 22 guided coupling loops 8 in the frog mouth 9 and the two coupling locks 3 are hooked into one another.
  • the coupling locks 3 are loaded exclusively by tensile forces, whereas the compressive forces are transmitted via the end faces 23.
  • an automated uncoupling device or the manual uncoupling 4 rotates the heart 6 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 against the force of the spring accumulator 10.
  • the coupling eye 5 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 transmits the rotary movement of the core 6 via the mouth 9 the heart 6 of the passively operated coupling lock 3, so that this too is rotated against the force of the spring accumulator 10.
  • the core 6 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 can transmit the rotary movement to the coupling eye 5 of the passively operated coupling lock 3, so that the core 6 of the passively operated coupling lock 3 is also rotated as a result.
  • the latching projection 16 on the pawl rod 12 is positioned comparatively further away from the articulated connection of the pawl rod 12 on the frog 6 and / or the latching projection 17 on the guide 15 is positioned comparatively closer to the articulated connection of the pawl rod 12 on the frog 6, compared to the embodiment according to the Figure 7 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine automatische Zugkupplung, insbesondere für einen Güterwagen eines Schienenfahrzeugs, gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The present invention relates to an automatic train coupling, in particular for a freight car of a rail vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.

In der Praxis sind gattungsgemäße automatische Zugkupplungen bekannt, die einen Kupplungskopf mit einem Kupplungsgehäuse und einem Kuppelverschluss mit Arretierung aufweisen. Der Kuppelverschluss ist als Drehverschluss mit einer Kuppelöse und einem Herzstück ausgeführt, wobei das Herzstück um eine Hauptachse verdrehbar ist zwischen einer kuppelbereiten Stellung, einer gekuppelten Stellung und einer entkuppelten Stellung, und die Kuppelöse mit einem ersten Ende verdrehbar um eine Kuppelösenachse am Herzstück angeschlossen ist und ein zweites freies Ende aufweist. Das Herzstück weist ein Maul zur Aufnahme eines entsprechenden zweiten Endes einer Kuppelöse eines gegengleichen Kupplungskopfes auf.In practice, automatic pulling couplings of the generic type are known which have a coupling head with a coupling housing and a coupling lock with a lock. The coupling lock is designed as a twist lock with a coupling eye and a frog, the frog being rotatable about a main axis between a ready-to-couple position, a coupled position and a decoupled position, and the coupling eye is connected to the frog with a first end rotatable about a coupling eye axis and has a second free end. The frog has a mouth for receiving a corresponding second end of a coupling eye of an opposing coupling head.

Dem Herzstück ist ein Federspeicher zugeordnet. Das Herzstück ist entgegen der Kraft des Federspeichers aus der gekuppelten Stellung in die entkuppelte Stellung und durch die Kraft des Federspeichers aus der entkuppelten Stellung in die kuppelbereite Stellung und aus der kuppelbereiten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung verdrehbar.A spring accumulator is assigned to the centerpiece. The centerpiece can be rotated against the force of the spring accumulator from the coupled position into the decoupled position and by the force of the spring accumulator from the decoupled position into the coupling-ready position and from the coupling-ready position into the coupled position.

Die Arretierung, welche den Kuppelverschluss in der jeweils geeigneten Stellung hält oder entsprechend zum Übergang in eine andere Stellung durch Verdrehen des Herzstückes freigibt, weist einen entgegen einer Federkraft in Kuppelrichtung der Zugkupplung verschiebbaren Stempel und eine quer oder schräg zur Kuppelrichtung verschiebbare Klinkenstange auf. Die Klinkenstange ist gelenkig am Herzstück angeschlossen und vom Herzstück bei dessen Verdrehung aus der gekuppelten Stellung in die entkuppelte Stellung in eine Rastposition verschiebbar, in welcher die Klinkenstange eine Verdrehung des Herzstückes zurück, das heißt in Richtung aus der entkuppelten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung blockiert. Der Stempel wiederum ist bewegbar zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Position. In der ersten Position, in welcher der Stempel entgegen der Federkraft verschoben ist, blockiert der Stempel die Klinkenstange in der Rastposition und in der zweiten Position, in welche der Stempel durch die Federkraft aus der ersten Position verschoben wird, löst der Stempel die Klinkenstange aus der Rastposition.The lock, which holds the coupling lock in the appropriate position or releases it to transition to another position by turning the frog, has a plunger that can be displaced against a spring force in the coupling direction of the pulling coupling and a ratchet rod that can be moved transversely or obliquely to the coupling direction. The pawl rod is connected to the frog in an articulated manner and can be displaced from the frog when it is rotated from the coupled position into the uncoupled position into a latching position in which the pawl rod rotates the frog back, that is, blocked in the direction from the uncoupled position to the coupled position. The punch in turn is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position, in which the plunger is displaced against the spring force, the plunger blocks the ratchet rod in the latching position and in the second position, in which the plunger is displaced from the first position by the spring force, the plunger releases the pawl rod Detent position.

Die Funktion der gattungsgemäßen automatischen Zugkupplung ist wie folgt: Zwei gegengleiche Kupplungsköpfe an zwei miteinander zu kuppelnden Fahrzeugen werden dadurch aneinander arretiert, dass jeweils das zweite Ende der jeweiligen Kuppelöse in das Maul des Herzstückes des jeweils anderen Kupplungskopfes eingesetzt und durch Verdrehen des dortigen Herzstückes formschlüssig gehalten wird. Damit werden die beiden Fahrzeuge mechanisch miteinander gekuppelt. Die beiden Kuppelverschlüsse werden ausschließlich durch Zugkräfte belastet, die sich innerhalb des Parallelogramms, das die Kuppelösen und die Herzstücke bilden, auf beide Kuppelösen gleichmäßig verteilen. Druckkräfte hingegen werden durch ein besonderes Profil frontseitig am Kupplungskopfgehäuse übertragen, wobei das Profil in der Regel, wie vorteilhaft auch bei der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Kegel und einen Trichter umfasst, die von einer breiten, insbesondere ebenen Stirnfläche umschlossen sind. Das Profil kann von einer separaten Stirnplatte gebildet werden, die vorne am Kupplungskopfgehäuse befestigt ist. Das Profil kann mit dem Kegel und Trichter Gleit- und Zentrierflächen bilden und insbesondere den Greifbereich in Seiten-, Höhen- und Winkelversatz bestimmen. Wenn die Kupplungsköpfe aufeinander treffen, zentrieren sie sich und gleiten ineinander.The function of the generic automatic towing coupling is as follows: Two coupling heads of the same type on two vehicles to be coupled are locked together by inserting the second end of the respective coupling eye into the mouth of the frog of the other coupling head and holding it in a form-fitting manner by twisting the frog there becomes. The two vehicles are then mechanically coupled to one another. The two dome locks are only loaded by tensile forces that are evenly distributed over both dome eyes within the parallelogram formed by the dome loops and the frogs. Compressive forces, on the other hand, are transmitted by a special profile on the front of the coupling head housing, the profile usually, as is also advantageous in the present invention, comprising a cone and a funnel, which are enclosed by a wide, in particular flat end face. The profile can be formed by a separate face plate that is attached to the front of the coupling head housing. The profile can form sliding and centering surfaces with the cone and funnel and, in particular, determine the gripping area in terms of lateral, vertical and angular offset. When the coupling heads meet, they center and slide into each other.

Wenn zwei Schienenfahrzeuge aufeinander zu bewegt werden, so befinden sich deren Kuppelverschlüsse beziehungsweise deren Herzstücke in einer kuppelbereiten Stellung, in welcher die Herzstücke von den Klinkenstangen, die sich in der Rastposition befinden, gehalten werden. Beim Kuppeln tauchen jeweils die Kegel in die Trichter der Kupplungskopfgehäuseprofile ein. Dabei drücken die Kegel auf die Stempel und schieben diese zurück, sodass die Stempel die Klinkenstangen aus deren Rastposition lösen. Dadurch werden die Kuppelverschlüsse freigegeben und durch die Kraft des jeweiligen Federspeichers gedreht, bis das Herzstück an einem vorgegebenen Anschlag, in der Regel am Kupplungskopfgehäuse, anschlägt. Dabei rasten die in den Trichtern geführten Kuppelösen in die Herzstückmäuler ein, die beiden Kuppelverschlüsse sind ineinander verhakt und die gekuppelte Stellung ist erreicht. Ein ungewolltes Trennen der Kuppelverschlüsse ist nicht möglich. Normaler Verschleiß beeinträchtigt die Sicherheit des Kuppelverschlusses nicht.When two rail vehicles are moved towards each other, their coupling locks or their frogs are in a position ready for coupling, in which the frogs are held by the ratchet rods that are in the locking position. Dive in each case when coupling the cones into the funnels of the coupling head housing profiles. The cones press on the punches and push them back so that the punches release the latch rods from their locking position. As a result, the coupling locks are released and rotated by the force of the respective spring accumulator until the frog hits a predetermined stop, usually the coupling head housing. The coupling loops in the funnels snap into the frog mouths, the two coupling locks are interlocked and the coupled position is reached. Unintentional separation of the dome locks is not possible. Normal wear and tear does not affect the safety of the dome lock.

Um die Kupplungsköpfe zu entkuppeln, dreht eine Entkuppeleinrichtung beide Kuppelverschlüsse, das heißt die beiden Herzstücke gegen die Kraft der Federspeicher, bis die Kuppelösen aus den Mäulern der Herzstücke gleiten. Die sich verdrehenden Herzstücke sollen dabei die Klinkenstangen soweit verschieben, dass beim Trennen der Fahrzeuge ein Zurückdrehen der Herzstücke aus der entkuppelten Stellung über die kuppelbereite Stellung hinaus dadurch verhindert wird, dass die Klinkenstangen in ihre Rastpositionen verbracht werden.In order to uncouple the coupling heads, a decoupling device rotates both coupling locks, i.e. the two frogs against the force of the spring accumulator, until the coupling eyes slide out of the mouths of the frogs. The twisting frogs should move the ratchet rods so far that when the vehicles are separated, turning the frogs back from the uncoupled position beyond the position ready for coupling is prevented by bringing the ratchet rods into their locking positions.

Zum druckschriftlichen Stand der Technik wird verwiesen auf GB 419 590 A und US 2013/0146558 A1 . Gattungsgemäße Scharfenbergkupplungen werden ferner offenbart in Wikipedia: Scharfenbergkupplung. URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=scharfenbergkupplung&olded=18485426 7. Version vom 18.01.2019 .For the state of the art in printed form, reference is made to GB 419 590 A and US 2013/0146558 A1 . Generic Scharfenberg couplings are also disclosed in US Pat Wikipedia: Scharfenberg coupling. URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=scharfenbergkupplung&olded=18485426 7th version from 01/18/2019 .

Da beim Kuppeln und Entkuppeln immer zwei Kupplungsköpfe zusammenarbeiten, sind die Zugkupplungen derart ausgeführt, dass sich die Kupplungsköpfe beziehungsweise Kuppelverschlüsse wechselseitig betätigen. Wenn beispielsweise ein Kuppelverschluss mit einer Handentkupplung oder auch mit einer automatisierten Entkupplung gelöst wird, indem sein Herzstück entgegen der Kraft des Federspeichers verdreht wird, so wird diese Drehbewegung über die am Herzstück gelenkig angeschlossene Kuppelöse und das Maul des gegengleichen Herzstückes auf das gegengleiche Herzstück übertragen. Entsprechend überträgt das gegengleiche Herzstück seine Drehbewegung derart auf seine Klinkenstange, dass diese in ihre Rastposition gelangt. Problematisch ist bei den bekannten Zugkupplungen, dass insbesondere bei Güterwagen, vor allem bei leichten Fahrzeugen, und durch ein nicht vermeidbares Spiel in der Zugkupplung beziehungsweise in einem Kupplungsgelenk, über welches die Zugkupplung am Schienenfahrzeug angeschlossen ist, begünstigt wird, dass beim Übertragen der Drehbewegung vom aktiv betätigten Kupplungskopf auf den passiv betätigten Kupplungskopf ein Auseinanderbewegen der Kupplungsköpfe erfolgt, während die Drehbewegung der Herzstücke der Kupplungsköpfe zum Öffnen der Kuppelverschlüsse noch stattfindet. Dies führt bei den bekannten Zugkupplungen dazu, dass im ungünstigen Fall die Kupplungsköpfe zwar voneinander getrennt werden können, aber zumindest der passiv betätigte Kuppelverschluss noch nicht in der kuppelbereiten Stellung seines Herzstückes mittels seiner Klinkenstange arretiert wurde, sondern sich das Herzstück wieder zurück in die gekuppelte Stellung bewegt. Damit wird ein nachfolgendes Kuppeln behindert. Wenn ferner an die Bewegung des Kuppelverschlusses auch das Öffnen einer Luftleitung, beispielsweise der Bremsluftleitung, gekoppelt ist, so kann unerwünscht die Bremsluftleitung geöffnet werden.Since two coupling heads always work together when coupling and uncoupling, the pull couplings are designed in such a way that the coupling heads or coupling locks operate alternately. If, for example, a coupling lock is released with a manual uncoupling or also with an automated uncoupling, in that its core is rotated against the force of the spring accumulator, this rotary movement is via the Transfer the coupling eyes articulated to the frog and the mouth of the opposite frog to the opposite frog. Correspondingly, the opposing frog transmits its rotary movement to its ratchet rod in such a way that it reaches its latching position. The problem with the known train couplings is that, in particular in freight wagons, especially in light vehicles, and due to unavoidable play in the train coupling or in a coupling joint via which the train coupling is connected to the rail vehicle, it is promoted that when the rotary movement is transmitted from actively operated coupling head on the passively operated coupling head, the coupling heads move apart while the rotary movement of the frogs of the coupling heads to open the coupling locks is still taking place. With the known pull-type couplings, this means that in the worst case the coupling heads can be separated from one another, but at least the passively actuated coupling lock has not yet been locked in the ready-to-couple position of its frog by means of its ratchet rod, but rather the frog moves back into the coupled position emotional. This prevents subsequent coupling. If, furthermore, the opening of an air line, for example the brake air line, is coupled to the movement of the coupling lock, the brake air line can be opened undesirably.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße automatische Zugkupplung derart zu verbessern, dass eine Arretierung des Herzstückes durch Verbringen der Klinkenstange in die Rastposition auch bei einem, wie dargestellt, passiv betätigten Kupplungskopf sicher erreicht wird.The present invention is therefore based on the object of improving a generic automatic pulling coupling in such a way that locking of the frog is reliably achieved by moving the ratchet rod into the latching position even with a coupling head that is passively actuated, as shown.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird durch eine automatische Zugkupplung mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen werden vorteilhafte und besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Zugkupplung sowie ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer entsprechenden Zugkupplung angegeben.The object according to the invention is achieved by an automatic pull coupling with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims, advantageous and particularly expedient embodiments of the Train coupling according to the invention and a rail vehicle with a corresponding train coupling specified.

Eine erfindungsgemäße automatische Zugkupplung, insbesondere für einen Güterwagen eines Schienenfahrzeugs, weist einen Kupplungskopf auf, der ein Kupplungskopfgehäuse und einen Kuppelverschluss mit Arretierung umfasst. Der Kuppelverschluss ist als Drehverschluss mit einer Kuppelöse und einem Herzstück ausgeführt, wobei das Herzstück um eine Hauptachse verdrehbar ist zwischen einer kuppelbereiten Stellung, einer gekuppelten Stellung und einer entkuppelten Stellung. Grundsätzlich kann die entkuppelte Stellung mit der kuppelbereiten Stellung zusammenfallen, oder betrachtet von der gekuppelten Stellung aus ist die entkuppelte Stellung jenseits der kuppelbereiten Stellung vorgesehen, bezogen auf die Drehbewegung des Herzstückes.An automatic train coupling according to the invention, in particular for a freight car of a rail vehicle, has a coupling head which comprises a coupling head housing and a coupling lock with a locking device. The coupling lock is designed as a twist lock with a coupling eyelet and a frog, the frog being rotatable about a main axis between a position ready for coupling, a coupled position and a decoupled position. In principle, the decoupled position can coincide with the position ready for coupling, or, viewed from the coupled position, the decoupled position is provided beyond the position ready for coupling, based on the rotary movement of the frog.

Die Kuppelöse ist mit einem ersten Ende verdrehbar um eine Kuppelösenachse am Herzstück angeschlossen und weist ein zweites freies Ende auf. Das zweite frei Ende bildet insbesondere einen Querriegel aus, um die ösenförmige Gestalt der Kuppelöse zu erreichen.The coupling eye is connected to the frog with a first end so that it can be rotated about a coupling eye axis and has a second free end. The second free end forms in particular a crossbar in order to achieve the loop-shaped shape of the coupling loop.

Das Herzstück weist ein Maul auf, das zur Aufnahme eines zweiten Endes einer Kuppelöse eines gegengleichen Kupplungskopfes angeordnet ist, und das Herzstück ist entgegen der Kraft eines Federspeichers aus der gekuppelten Stellung in die entkuppelte Stellung und durch die Kraft des Federspeichers zumindest aus der entkuppelten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung verdrehbar, insbesondere, wenn die entkuppelte Stellung nicht mit der kuppelbereiten Stellung zusammenfällt, durch die Kraft des Federspeichers aus der entkuppelten Stellung in die kuppelbereite Stellung und aus der kuppelbereiten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung verdrehbar. Insbesondere wird der Querriegel der Kuppelöse in das Maul eingesetzt.The frog has a mouth which is arranged to receive a second end of a coupling lug of an opposite coupling head, and the frog is against the force of a spring accumulator from the coupled position into the decoupled position and by the force of the spring accumulator at least from the decoupled position in the coupled position can be rotated, especially if the uncoupled position does not coincide with the ready-to-couple position, rotatable by the force of the spring accumulator from the uncoupled position to the ready-to-couple position and from the ready-to-couple position to the coupled position. In particular, the cross bar of the coupling eye is inserted into the mouth.

Die Arretierung des Kuppelverschlusses weist einen entgegen einer Federkraft in Kuppelrichtung der Zugkupplung verschiebbaren Stempel und eine quer oder schräg zur Kuppelrichtung verschiebbare Klinkenstange auf. Die Klinkenstange ist gelenkig am Herzstück angeschlossen und vom Herzstück bei dessen Verdrehung aus der gekuppelten Stellung in die entkuppelte Stellung in eine Rastposition verschiebbar, in welcher die Klinkenstange eine Verdrehung des Herzstückes aus der entkuppelten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung blockiert.The locking of the coupling lock has a plunger which can be displaced against a spring force in the coupling direction of the pulling coupling and a ratchet rod which can be displaced transversely or obliquely to the coupling direction. The pawl rod is connected to the frog in an articulated manner and when it is rotated from the coupled position into the uncoupled position can be displaced into a latching position in which the pawl rod blocks rotation of the frog from the uncoupled position into the coupled position.

Der Stempel blockiert in einer ersten entgegen der Federkraft verschobenen Position die Klinkenstange in der Rastposition und löst die Klinkenstange aus der Rastposition, wenn er sich in einer zweiten durch die Federkraft verschobenen Position befindet.In a first position displaced against the spring force, the plunger blocks the ratchet rod in the latching position and releases the ratchet rod from the latching position when it is in a second position displaced by the spring force.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Rastposition der Klinkenstange nun derart positioniert, das heißt derart gewählt, dass die Klinkenstange bereits in die Rastposition verschoben wird, bevor das Herzstück seine entkuppelte Stellung erreicht. In anderen Worten, ist es nicht mehr notwendig, dass das Herzstück vollständig aus der gekuppelten Stellung bis in seine maximal mögliche Verdrehstellung, in welcher es die entkuppelte Stellung einnimmt, verdreht wird, um die Klinkenstange in ihre Rastposition zu verschieben. Vielmehr erreicht die Klinkenstange die Rastposition schon früher, selbst wenn das Herzstück aus der gekuppelten Stellung in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung noch nicht soweit wie möglich verdreht wurde. Die Klinkenstange erreicht also die Rastposition bereits in einer vorgegebenen Verdrehstellung des Herzstückes in der Drehrichtung aus der gekuppelten zur entkuppelten Stellung, wobei die vorgegebene Verdrehstellung eine Verdrehwinkeldifferenz gegenüber der Verdrehposition des Herzstückes in der genannten maximal mögliche Verdrehstellung aufweist. Im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik erreicht die Klinkenstange die Rastposition demnach schon früher, was zum Beispiel dadurch erreicht werden kann, dass ein Rastvorsprung der Klinkenstange früher mit einem Rastvorsprung einer Führung für die Klinkenstange in Eingriff gelangt, wenn das Herzstück noch nicht vollständig aus der gekuppelten Stellung bis in seine maximal mögliche Verdrehstellung, in welcher es die entkuppelte Stellung einnimmt, verdreht wurde. Eine herkömmliche Klinkenstange kann beispielsweise dadurch modifiziert werden, dass deren Rastvorsprung vergleichsweise weiter entfernt von einem Anschluss der Klinkenstange am Herzstück positioniert ist und/oder der Rastvorsprung der Führung vergleichsweise dichter zum Anschluss der Klinkenstange am Herzstück positioniert ist.According to the invention, the latching position of the ratchet rod is now positioned, that is to say selected in such a way, that the ratchet rod is already shifted into the latching position before the frog reaches its uncoupled position. In other words, it is no longer necessary for the frog to be rotated completely from the coupled position to its maximum possible rotational position in which it assumes the uncoupled position in order to move the ratchet rod into its latching position. Rather, the ratchet rod reaches the latching position earlier, even if the frog has not yet been rotated as far as possible from the coupled position in the direction of the uncoupled position. The ratchet bar thus reaches the latching position already in a predetermined twisted position of the frog in the direction of rotation from the coupled to the uncoupled position, the predefined twisted position having a twist angle difference compared to the twisted position of the frog in the mentioned maximum possible twisted position. Compared to the prior art, the ratchet rod reaches the latching position earlier, which can be achieved, for example, in that a latching projection of the ratchet rod comes into engagement earlier with a latching projection of a guide for the ratchet rod if the frog is not yet completely out the coupled position up to its maximum possible twisted position, in which it assumes the uncoupled position, was rotated. A conventional ratchet rod can be modified, for example, in that its latching projection is positioned comparatively further away from a connection of the latch rod on the frog and / or the latching projection of the guide is positioned comparatively closer to the connection of the latch rod on the frog.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird sichergestellt, dass, zumindest sobald der Stempel aus der zweiten Position in die erste Position verschoben wurde, die Klinkenstange in ein Gegenlager einrastet, selbst wenn das an der Klinkenstange angeschlossene Herzstück zuvor nicht maximal in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung verdreht wurde. Dies ist besonders für den eingangs dargestellten passiv betätigten Kuppelverschluss wichtig, bei welchem das Herzstück nicht unmittelbar durch eine an ihm angeschlossene automatisierte Entkupplung oder durch eine Handentkupplung verdreht wird, sondern mittelbar über das gegengleiche Herzstück und die daran angeschlossene Kuppelöse oder über das gegengleiche Herzstück und seine eigene Kuppelöse, die entsprechend vom gegengleichen Herzstück verschoben wird.The solution according to the invention ensures that, at least as soon as the punch has been moved from the second position to the first position, the ratchet rod engages in a counter bearing, even if the frog connected to the ratchet rod was not previously rotated maximally in the direction of the uncoupled position. This is particularly important for the passively operated coupling lock described at the beginning, in which the frog is not rotated directly by an automated decoupling connected to it or by a manual decoupling, but indirectly via the opposite frog and the dome loops connected to it or via the opposite frog and its own coupling eye, which is shifted accordingly from the opposite frog.

Wenn vorliegend von Rastposition die Rede ist, so ist damit eine Verschiebeposition der Klinkenstange definiert, in welcher die Klinkenstange weit genug in Richtung des Stempels verschoben wurde, um freigegeben durch den Stempel in dessen zweiten Position an einem Gegenlager, beispielsweise an einer Führung des Stempels, einzurasten. Das bedeutet, die Klinkenstange kann die Rastposition, die dementsprechend auch rastbereite Position genannt werden kann, einnehmen, bevor der Stempel das tatsächliche Einrasten mit dem Gegenlager freigibt.When the latching position is mentioned here, a shifting position of the pawl rod is defined in which the pawl rod has been shifted far enough in the direction of the punch to be released by the punch in its second position on a counter bearing, for example on a guide of the punch, to click into place. This means that the ratchet rod can assume the latching position, which can accordingly also be called the ready-to-latch position, before the punch releases the actual latching with the counter bearing.

Besonders vorteilhaft weist der Stempel eine Öffnung auf, welche die Klinkenstange zumindest teilweise oder vollständig umschließt und die Klinkenstange bildet mit dem Gegenlager, insbesondere an einer Führung des Stempels, eine Rastverbindung mit zwei in Eingriff miteinander bringbaren Rastvorsprüngen, die auch Rastnasen genannt werden können, wobei die Klinkenstange durch eine Verschiebung des Stempels aus der ersten in die zweite Position betätigbar ist, um den wechselseitigen Eingriff der Rastvorsprünge zu beenden.Particularly advantageously, the punch has an opening which at least partially or completely encloses the ratchet rod and which The ratchet bar forms with the counter bearing, in particular on a guide of the ram, a locking connection with two interengaging locking projections, which can also be called locking lugs, wherein the ratchet bar can be actuated by moving the ram from the first to the second position to end mutual engagement of the locking projections.

Insbesondere weist die Klinkenstange einen Rastvorsprung auf, der positioniert ist, um über den Rastvorsprung des Gegenlagers hinweg verschoben zu werden, wenn das Herzstück, an welchem die Klinkenstange angeschlossen ist, aus der gekuppelten Stellung in die entkuppelte Stellung verdreht wird, wobei in der entkuppelten Stellung, das heißt bei einer maximalen Verdrehung des Herzstückes aus der gekuppelten Stellung in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung, ein Abstand zwischen den Rastvorsprüngen in der Verschieberichtung der Klinkenstange eingestellt wird. Daraus wird besonders deutlich ersichtlich, dass die Rastposition der Klinkenstange vorteilhaft derart positioniert ist, dass die Klinkenstange bereits in die Rastposition oder rastbereite Position verschoben wird, bevor das Herzstück seine entkuppelte Stellung beziehungsweise überhaupt eine entkuppelbare Stellung erreicht, sodass die Klinkenstange in der entkuppelten Stellung des Herzstückes sozusagen über die Rastposition hinaus verschoben worden ist.In particular, the pawl rod has a latching projection which is positioned to be displaced over the latching projection of the counter bearing when the frog to which the pawl rod is connected is rotated from the coupled position to the uncoupled position, wherein in the uncoupled position , that is, with a maximum rotation of the frog out of the coupled position in the direction of the uncoupled position, a distance between the locking projections in the direction of displacement of the ratchet rod is set. From this it is particularly clear that the latching position of the ratchet rod is advantageously positioned in such a way that the latch rod is already shifted into the latching position or ready-to-latch position before the frog reaches its uncoupled position or any uncoupling position at all, so that the latch rod is in the uncoupled position of the Heart piece has been moved beyond the locking position, so to speak.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ein elastisches Federelement vorgesehen, gegen dessen Federkraft die Klinkenstange in die Rastposition verbringbar ist. Insbesondere ist das Federelement positioniert, die Rastvorsprünge quer zur Verschieberichtung der Klinkenstange zum wechselseitigen Eingriff ineinander zu drücken.According to one embodiment of the invention, an elastic spring element is provided, against the spring force of which the ratchet rod can be brought into the latching position. In particular, the spring element is positioned to press the latching projections into one another transversely to the direction of displacement of the ratchet rod for mutual engagement.

Bevorzugt ist der Stempel im Bereich der Öffnung derart mit der Klinkenstange in Eingriff bringbar, dass er bei seiner Bewegung aus der ersten in die zweiteThe punch can preferably be brought into engagement with the ratchet rod in the region of the opening in such a way that it moves from the first into the second

Position die Klinkenstange entgegen der Federkraft des Federelementes verschiebt.Position the ratchet rod moves against the spring force of the spring element.

Bevorzugt weist der Kupplungskopf eine Handentkupplung auf. Dabei kann gemäß einer Ausführungsform die Handentkupplung von nur einer Seite quer zur Kuppelrichtung zu ihrer Betätigung zugängig sein. Eine konstruktiv aufwändige, beidseitig angeordnete Handentkupplung kann entfallen und die Bedienzeiten können verkürzt werden, weil erfindungsgemäß sichergestellt ist, dass stets auch der passiv betätigte Kuppelverschluss sicher in die gewünschte kuppelbereite Stellung verbracht wird.The coupling head preferably has a manual uncoupling. According to one embodiment, the manual decoupling can be accessible for its actuation from only one side transversely to the coupling direction. A structurally complex manual uncoupling arranged on both sides can be omitted and the operating times can be shortened because according to the invention it is ensured that the passively operated coupling lock is always safely brought into the desired position ready for coupling.

Wenn bisher bei der Verwendung von pneumatischen Entkuppelzylindern Impulsleitungen zum Übertragen eines Entkuppelimpulses vorgesehen waren, durch welchen das eingangs genannte Spiel in der Zugkupplung beziehungsweise im Kupplungsgelenk aufgehoben wurde, so können bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung diese Impulsleitungen zum Übertragen des Entkuppelimpulses und zum Speisen des Entkuppelzylinders der Gegenkupplung entfallen.If until now, when using pneumatic uncoupling cylinders, impulse lines were provided for transmitting a decoupling impulse, through which the aforementioned play in the pulling coupling or in the coupling joint was canceled, then these impulse lines for transmitting the decoupling impulse and for feeding the uncoupling cylinder of the counter coupling can be used in the solution according to the invention omitted.

Auch die Bedienvorschriften beim Entkuppeln können vereinfacht werden. Ein Anbremsen und Aufdrücken der Fahrzeuge langer Züge vor dem Trennen der Fahrzeuge kann entfallen.The operating instructions for uncoupling can also be simplified. Braking and pushing the vehicles of long trains before separating the vehicles can be dispensed with.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird insbesondere eine verbesserte geometrische Anordnung der Rastnase an der Klinkenstange sichergestellt, welche gewährleistet, dass der passiv betätigte Kuppelverschluss bei einer überlagerten Bewegung aus Öffnen der Kuppelverschlüsse und Auseinanderbewegen der Kupplungsköpfe beide Kupplungsköpfe in der kuppelbereiten Stellung arretieren. Damit werden auch, wenn vorgesehen, Luftkupplungsventile sicher geschlossen, die über die Verschlussbewegung um die Hauptachse gesteuert werden. Damit wird verhindert, dass die Hauptluftleitung entlüftet und das entsprechende Schienenfahrzeug maximal angebremst im Rangierbereich steht. Das Lösen der Bremsen hat bisher, besonders bei längeren Wageneinheiten, durch notwendiges Befüllen der Luftspeicher zu einer ungünstigen Verzögerung geführt.The inventive solution in particular ensures an improved geometric arrangement of the locking lug on the ratchet rod, which ensures that the passively actuated coupling lock locks both coupling heads in the ready-to-couple position in the event of a superimposed movement consisting of opening the coupling locks and moving the coupling heads apart. Air coupling valves, which are controlled by the closing movement around the main axis, are thus also reliably closed, if provided. This prevents the main air line from venting and the corresponding rail vehicle from being braked to the maximum in the Maneuvering area is. The release of the brakes has so far led to an unfavorable delay, especially in the case of longer car units, due to the need to fill the air reservoirs.

Die Handentkupplung umfasst beispielsweise einen Seilzug oder ein anderes Getriebe mit wenigstens einer Kette, einem Gestänge oder einem Hebelsystem. Insbesondere wird die Entkuppelbewegung über einen Seilzug auf einen Entkuppelhebel übertragen, der die Verdrehung des entsprechenden Herzstückes bewirkt.The manual decoupling comprises, for example, a cable pull or another gear with at least one chain, a linkage or a lever system. In particular, the decoupling movement is transmitted via a cable pull to a decoupling lever, which causes the corresponding frog to rotate.

Das Herzstück ist insbesondere auf einem Hauptbolzen gelagert und vorteilhaft drehfest am Hauptbolzen angeschlossen, sodass durch eine Verdrehung des Hauptbolzens auch das Herzstück verdreht wird. Der Hauptbolzen erstreckt sich entsprechend entlang der Hauptachse und ist verdrehbar um die Hauptachse.The frog is in particular mounted on a main bolt and is advantageously connected to the main bolt in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the frog is also rotated by rotating the main bolt. The main bolt accordingly extends along the main axis and is rotatable about the main axis.

Dementsprechend kann auch die Handentkupplung am Hauptbolzen zu dessen Verdrehung angreifen.Accordingly, the manual decoupling can also act on the main bolt to rotate it.

Handentkupplungen werden insbesondere dann verwendet, wenn keine Energie für ein automatisiertes Entkuppeln zur Verfügung steht, beispielsweise bei Zugkupplungen an Güterwagen.Manual uncouplers are used in particular when there is no energy available for automated uncoupling, for example in the case of train couplings on freight wagons.

Das Entkuppeln und damit das Öffnen des Kuppelverschlusses können dann unmittelbar am Kupplungskopf am Ende des Wagens erfolgen.The uncoupling and thus the opening of the coupling lock can then take place directly on the coupling head at the end of the car.

Wenn, wie dargestellt, die Drehbewegung des Kuppelverschlusses mit der Handentkupplung auf den gegengleichen Kupplungskopf übertragen wird, ist eine Betätigung einer zusätzlichen Handentkupplung des gegengleichen Kupplungskopfes nicht mehr notwendig.If, as shown, the rotary movement of the coupling lock is transmitted to the opposite coupling head with the manual decoupling, actuation of an additional manual decoupling of the opposite coupling head is no longer necessary.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schienenfahrzeug weist eine automatische Zugkupplung der dargestellten Art auf.A rail vehicle according to the invention has an automatic train coupling of the type shown.

Insbesondere umfasst ein Schienenfahrzeug mehrere Wagen - Triebwagen und/oder Personenwagen/Güterwagen -, die mittels jeweils einer erfindungsgemäßen automatischen Zugkupplung gekoppelt sind, wobei jede automatische Zugkupplung zwei entsprechende Kupplungsköpfe aufweist, von denen das Herzstück des einen (passiv betätigten) Kuppelverschlusses mittelbar über die Verdrehung des Herzstückes des anderen (aktiv betätigten) Kuppelverschlusses bewirkt wird, indem diese Verdrehung über die Kuppelöse übertragen wird.In particular, a rail vehicle comprises several cars - motor coaches and / or passenger cars / freight cars - which are each coupled by means of an automatic train coupling according to the invention, each automatic train coupling having two corresponding coupling heads, of which the heart of one (passively actuated) coupling lock is indirectly via the rotation of the heart of the other (actively operated) coupling lock is effected by this rotation being transmitted via the coupling eyelet.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und den Figuren exemplarisch beschrieben werden.The invention is to be described below using an exemplary embodiment and the figures.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen automatischen Zugkupplung;
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Zugkupplung mit zwei miteinander gekuppelten Kupplungsköpfen;
Figur 3
eine Ansicht schräg von hinten und eine Ansicht schräg von vorne eines Kupplungskopfes einer erfindungsgemäßen Zugkupplung;
Figur 4
eine schematische Darstellung von zwei Kupplungsköpfen einer automatischen Zugkupplung in der gekuppelten Stellung;
Figur 5
die Kupplungsköpfe aus der Figur 4 in der entkuppelten Stellung;
Figur 6
eine schematische Ansicht von zwei Kupplungsköpfen bei der Übertragung der Drehbewegung vom Herzstück des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses auf das Herzstück des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses;
Figur 7
die Position der Klinkenstange des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses beim Entkuppeln gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
Figur 8
die entsprechende Position der Klinkenstange bei einem Kupplungskopf einer erfindungsgemäßen Zugkupplung.
Show it:
Figure 1
a sectional view of an automatic train coupling according to the invention;
Figure 2
a schematic representation of a train coupling according to the invention with two coupling heads coupled to one another;
Figure 3
a view obliquely from the rear and a view obliquely from the front of a coupling head of a pulling coupling according to the invention;
Figure 4
a schematic representation of two coupling heads of an automatic train coupling in the coupled position;
Figure 5
the coupling heads from the Figure 4 in the uncoupled position;
Figure 6
a schematic view of two coupling heads during the transmission of the rotary movement from the heart of the actively operated dome lock to the heart of the passively operated dome lock;
Figure 7
the position of the ratchet rod of the passively operated coupling lock during uncoupling according to the prior art;
Figure 8
the corresponding position of the ratchet rod in a coupling head of a pulling coupling according to the invention.

In der Figur 1 ist schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen automatischen Zugkupplung in einer kuppelbereiten Stellung des Kuppelverschlusses 3 beziehungsweise von dessen Herzstück 6 gezeigt. Im Einzelnen weist die automatische Zugkupplung einen Kupplungskopf 1 auf, der ein Kupplungskopfgehäuse 2 sowie den Kuppelverschluss 3 umfasst. Der Kuppelverschluss 3 ist als Drehverschluss ausgeführt, mit dem Herzstück 6, an welchem eine Kuppelöse 5 verdrehbar um eine Kuppelösenachse 8 angeschlossen ist. Das Herzstück 6 wiederum ist drehbar um die Hauptachse 7. Hierzu ist das Herzstück 6 auf einem Hauptbolzen 19 gelagert und drehfest an diesem angeschlossen.In the Figure 1 an exemplary embodiment of an automatic pulling coupling according to the invention is shown schematically in a position of the coupling lock 3 that is ready for coupling or of its core 6. In detail, the automatic train coupling has a coupling head 1, which comprises a coupling head housing 2 and the coupling lock 3. The coupling lock 3 is designed as a rotary lock, with the heart 6, to which a coupling eye 5 is connected so that it can be rotated about a coupling eye axis 8. The frog 6 in turn is rotatable about the main axis 7. For this purpose, the frog 6 is mounted on a main pin 19 and connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner.

Am Hauptbolzen 19 kann, wie in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellt ist, zum einen eine Handentkupplung 4 angreifen, um den Kuppelverschluss 3 manuell zu entkuppeln. Zum anderen kann über den Hauptbolzen 19 ein Aktuator 20 eines hier nicht näher dargestelltes Ventils einer Druckluftleitung, insbesondere Bremsluftleitung HL, angesteuert werden, sodass beim Verdrehen des Kuppelverschlusses 3 in die gekuppelte Stellung das Ventil geöffnet wird und beim Verdrehen des Kuppelverschlusses 3 in die entkuppelte Stellung oder kuppelbereite Stellung das Ventil geschlossen wird.On the main pin 19 can, as in the Figures 1 to 3 is shown, on the one hand attack a manual decoupling 4 in order to manually decouple the coupling lock 3. On the other hand, an actuator 20 of a valve of a compressed air line (not shown in detail here), in particular brake air line HL, can be controlled via the main bolt 19, so that when the coupling lock 3 is rotated into the coupled position, the valve is opened and when Turning the coupling lock 3 into the uncoupled position or position ready for coupling, the valve is closed.

Die Kuppelöse 5 weist ein erstes Ende 5.1 auf, an welchem sie drehbar an dem Herzstück 6 angeschlossen ist, sowie ein entgegengesetztes zweites Ende 5.2, das in ein Maul 9 des Herzstücks 6 eines gegengleichen Kupplungskopfes 1 eingespannt werden kann, um die beiden Kupplungsköpfe 1 mechanisch aneinander zu verriegeln, wie zum Beispiel in den Figuren 2 und 4 dargestellt ist. Entsprechend weist die Kuppelöse 5 an ihrem zweiten Ende 5.2 einen hier nicht näher dargestellten Querriegel auf.The coupling eye 5 has a first end 5.1, at which it is rotatably connected to the frog 6, as well as an opposite second end 5.2, which can be clamped in a mouth 9 of the frog 6 of an opposing coupling head 1, around the two coupling heads 1 mechanically to lock together, such as in the Figures 2 and 4th is shown. Correspondingly, the coupling eye 5 has a cross bar not shown here at its second end 5.2.

Das Herzstück 6 jedes Kupplungskopfes 1 ist entgegen der Kraft eines Federspeichers 10, der beispielsweise durch eine oder mehrere Zugfedern gebildet wird, siehe die Figuren 2 und 6, aus der entkuppelten Stellung (Figur 5) in die gekuppelte Stellung (Figur 4) beziehungsweise die kuppelbereite Stellung (Figur 1) verdrehbar.The heart 6 of each coupling head 1 is against the force of a spring accumulator 10, which is formed for example by one or more tension springs, see the Figures 2 and 6th , from the uncoupled position ( Figure 5 ) into the coupled position ( Figure 4 ) or the position ready for coupling ( Figure 1 ) rotatable.

Jeder Kupplungskopf 1 weist einen in Kuppelrichtung der Zugkupplung, das heißt der Richtung der Längsachsen der Kupplungsköpfe 1 verschiebbaren Stempel 11 auf, der linear in einer Führung 15 zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Position verschoben werden kann. Der Stempel 11 arbeitet mit einer Klinkenstange 12 zusammen, die mit einem axialen Ende gelenkig am Herzstück 6 angeschlossen ist und wie aus der Figur 8 ersichtlich ist, eine Öffnung 13 des Stempels 11 durchgreift. Ferner weist die Klinkenstange 12 im Bereich der Öffnung 13 einen Rastvorsprung 16 auf, der mit einem Rastvorsprung 17 in Eingriff gebracht werden kann, um die Klinkenstange 12 an einer Bewegung in Richtung von ihrem zweiten Ende zu ihrem am Herzstück 6 angeschlossenen ersten Ende zu hindern, und damit eine entsprechende Verdrehung des Herzstückes 6. Der Rastvorsprung 17 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel an der Führung 15 vorgesehen, die ein Gegenlager 14 zur Herstellung einer Rastverbindung mit der Klinkenstange 12 ausbildet.Each coupling head 1 has a plunger 11 which is displaceable in the coupling direction of the train coupling, that is to say in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the coupling heads 1 and which can be displaced linearly in a guide 15 between a first position and a second position. The punch 11 cooperates with a ratchet rod 12 which is hingedly connected to the frog 6 with one axial end and as from the Figure 8 it can be seen that an opening 13 of the stamp 11 extends through. Furthermore, the pawl rod 12 has a latching projection 16 in the area of the opening 13, which can be brought into engagement with a latching projection 17 in order to prevent the pawl rod 12 from moving in the direction from its second end to its first end connected to the frog 6, and thus a corresponding rotation of the frog 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the latching projection 17 is provided on the guide 15, which forms a counter bearing 14 for producing a latching connection with the ratchet rod 12.

An der Klinkenstange 12 greift ein elastisches Federelement 18 im Sinne eines Verbringens der beiden Rastvorsprünge 16, 17 in einen Eingriff an, wohingegen der Stempel 11, wenn er aus einer ersten Position in eine zweite Position verschoben wird, entgegen der Kraft des Federelementes 18 die Klinkenstange 12 aus der Rastverbindung mit dem Gegenlager 14 löst.An elastic spring element 18 engages the ratchet rod 12 in the sense of bringing the two latching projections 16, 17 into engagement, whereas the ram 11, when it is moved from a first position to a second position, counteracts the force of the spring element 18 with the ratchet rod 12 releases from the locking connection with the counter bearing 14.

Somit kann in der zweiten Position des Stempels 11 das Herzstück 6 durch die Kraft des Federspeichers 10 verdreht werden, wohingegen diese Verdrehung in der Rastposition der Klinkenstange 12 blockiert wird.Thus, in the second position of the punch 11, the frog 6 can be rotated by the force of the spring accumulator 10, whereas this rotation is blocked in the latching position of the ratchet rod 12.

Jeder Kupplungskopf 1 weist an seiner freien Stirnseite ein Profil mit einem Kegel 21 und einem Trichter 22 auf. Der Kegel 21 und der Trichter 22 sind von einer ebenen Stirnfläche 23 umschlossen. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel wird das Profil beziehungsweise die Stirnfläche 23 durch eine Stirnplatte 24 gebildet, die integral mit dem Kupplungskopfgehäuse 2 ausgeführt sein kann oder separat an diesem angeschlossen sein kann.Each coupling head 1 has a profile with a cone 21 and a funnel 22 on its free end face. The cone 21 and the funnel 22 are enclosed by a flat end face 23. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the profile or the end face 23 is formed by an end plate 24, which can be designed integrally with the coupling head housing 2 or can be connected to it separately.

In der Figur 1 ist die kuppelbereite Stellung des Kupplungskopfes 1 beziehungsweise des Kuppelverschlusses 3 gezeigt. Wenn in dieser Stellung zwei Kupplungsköpfe 1 aufeinander zu bewegt werden, so tauchen die Kegel 21 in die Trichter 22 ein und drücken frontseitig auf die Stempel 11, sodass die Stempel 11 aus ihrer ersten Position in ihre zweite Position bewegt werden und die Rastverbindungen der Klinkenstangen 12 mit den Gegenlagern 14 lösen. Die zweiten Enden 5.2 der Kuppelösen 5 werden in die Mäuler 9 der Herzstücke 6 geschoben und die Herzstücke 6, die nicht länger durch die Klinkenstangen 12 blockiert werden, drehen sich aufgrund der Kraft der Federspeicher 10 aus der in der Figur 1 gezeigten kuppelbereiten Stellung in die in der Figur 4 gezeigten gekuppelte Stellung, in welcher die Herzstücke 6 insbesondere an den Kupplungskopfgehäusen 2 anschlagen. Dabei rasten die in den Trichtern 22 geführten Kuppelösen 8 in die Herzstückmäuler 9 ein und die beiden Kuppelverschlüsse 3 sind ineinander verhakt.In the Figure 1 the position of the coupling head 1 or the coupling lock 3, which is ready for coupling, is shown. If two coupling heads 1 are moved towards each other in this position, the cones 21 dip into the funnels 22 and press on the front of the punches 11, so that the punches 11 are moved from their first position into their second position and the latching connections of the ratchet rods 12 loosen with the counter bearings 14. The second ends 5.2 of the coupling eyes 5 are pushed into the mouths 9 of the frogs 6 and the frogs 6, which are no longer blocked by the ratchet rods 12, rotate due to the force of the spring accumulator 10 from the in the Figure 1 ready for coupling position shown in the Figure 4 shown coupled position, in which the frogs 6 strike in particular on the coupling head housings 2. The latches in the funnels 22 guided coupling loops 8 in the frog mouth 9 and the two coupling locks 3 are hooked into one another.

Die Kuppelverschlüsse 3 werden ausschließlich durch Zugkräfte belastet, wohingegen die Druckkräfte über die Stirnflächen 23 übertragen werden.The coupling locks 3 are loaded exclusively by tensile forces, whereas the compressive forces are transmitted via the end faces 23.

Um die Kupplungsköpfe 1 zu entkuppeln, dreht eine automatisierte Entkuppeleinrichtung oder die Handentkupplung 4 das Herzstück 6 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 gegen die Kraft des Federspeichers 10. Hierbei überträgt die Kuppelöse 5 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 die Drehbewegung des Herzstückes 6 über das Maul 9 auf das Herzstück 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3, sodass auch dieses entgegen der Kraft des Federspeichers 10 verdreht wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Herzstück 6 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 die Drehbewegung auf die Kuppelöse 5 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 übertragen, sodass in der Folge auch das Herzstück 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 verdreht wird.In order to uncouple the coupling heads 1, an automated uncoupling device or the manual uncoupling 4 rotates the heart 6 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 against the force of the spring accumulator 10. Here, the coupling eye 5 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 transmits the rotary movement of the core 6 via the mouth 9 the heart 6 of the passively operated coupling lock 3, so that this too is rotated against the force of the spring accumulator 10. Alternatively or additionally, the core 6 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 can transmit the rotary movement to the coupling eye 5 of the passively operated coupling lock 3, so that the core 6 of the passively operated coupling lock 3 is also rotated as a result.

Wenn die Verdrehung der Herzstücke 6 in Richtung der in der Figur 5 gezeigten entkuppelten Stellungen weit genug fortgeschritten ist, gleiten die Kuppelösen 5 auf den Mäulern 9 der Herzstücke 6 und die Klinkenstangen 12 werden in ihre Rastposition verbracht, in welcher, wenn die Stempel 11 beim Auseinanderfahren der Kupplungsköpfe 1 in ihre erste Position verschoben werden, die Rastverbindung zwischen den Klinkenstangen 12 und den Gegenlagern 14 hergestellt werden kann, das heißt die beiden Rastvorsprünge 16, 17 formschlüssig ineinander einhaken.When the rotation of the frogs 6 in the direction of the Figure 5 shown decoupled positions has progressed far enough, the coupling eyes 5 slide on the jaws 9 of the frogs 6 and the ratchet rods 12 are brought into their locking position, in which, when the plungers 11 are moved into their first position when the coupling heads 1 move apart, the locking connection can be produced between the ratchet rods 12 and the counter bearings 14, that is, the two locking projections 16, 17 hook into one another in a form-fitting manner.

Beim in der Figur 7 dargestellten Stand der Technik war die Rastposition noch derart gewählt, dass die Klinkenstange 12 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 diese noch nicht erreicht hat, wenn das Herzstück 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 nicht weit genug in die entkuppelte Position verdreht wurde, sodass ein Zurückdrehen des Herzstückes 6 in Richtung der gekuppelten Position bereits erfolgte, wenn die Rastverbindung zwischen der Klinkenstange 12 und dem Gegenlager 14 beziehungsweise zwischen den beiden Rastvorsprüngen 16, 17 noch nicht hergestellt war. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung hingegen, wie sie zum Beispiel in der Figur 8 dargestellt ist, wird die Rastposition der Klinkenstange 12 bereits dann erreicht, wenn das Herzstück 6 noch nicht um den maximal möglichen Winkel in Richtung der entkuppelten Position verdreht worden ist. Damit erfolgt ein sicheres Einrasten der Klinkenstange 12 im Gegenlager 14 auch dann, wenn keine maximale Drehbewegung des Herzstücks 6 aus der gekuppelten in die entkuppelte Position durchgeführt wird. Beispielweise ist der Rastvorsprung 16 an der Klinkenstange 12 vergleichsweise ferner vom gelenkigen Anschluss der Klinkenstange 12 am Herzstück 6 positioniert und/oder der Rastvorsprung 17 an der Führung 15 ist vergleichsweise näher zum gelenkigen Anschluss der Klinkenstange 12 am Herzstück 6 positioniert, im Vergleich zu der Ausgestaltung gemäß der Figur 7.When in the Figure 7 The locking position shown in the prior art was still selected such that the pawl rod 12 of the passively actuated coupling lock 3 has not yet reached it if the heart 6 of the passively actuated coupling lock 3 did not disengage far enough Position was rotated so that the frog 6 was rotated back in the direction of the coupled position when the latching connection between the latch rod 12 and the counter bearing 14 or between the two latching projections 16, 17 had not yet been established. In the solution according to the invention, however, as it is for example in the Figure 8 is shown, the latching position of the ratchet rod 12 is already reached when the frog 6 has not yet been rotated through the maximum possible angle in the direction of the uncoupled position. This ensures that the ratchet rod 12 engages securely in the counter bearing 14 even when no maximum rotational movement of the frog 6 is carried out from the coupled to the uncoupled position. For example, the latching projection 16 on the pawl rod 12 is positioned comparatively further away from the articulated connection of the pawl rod 12 on the frog 6 and / or the latching projection 17 on the guide 15 is positioned comparatively closer to the articulated connection of the pawl rod 12 on the frog 6, compared to the embodiment according to the Figure 7 .

Dadurch, dass die Rastposition der Klinkenstange 12 sicher erreicht wird, wird auch die in der Figur 1 dargestellte kuppelbereite Stellung stets sicher gehalten.Because the latching position of the ratchet rod 12 is safely reached, the in the Figure 1 shown position ready for coupling always kept safe.

In der Figur 6 ist nochmals dargestellt, wie das Herzstück 6 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 seine Drehbewegung über die Kuppelöse 5 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 auf das Herzstück 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 überträgt. Es ist auch dargestellt, dass damit die Drehung der beiden Herzstücke 6 nicht vollständig synchron erfolgen muss, sondern das Herzstück 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 ein wenig hinter der Drehbewegung des Herzstückes 6 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 zurückbleibt. Entsprechend ist auch die Klinkenstange 12 des aktiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 (rechts in der Figur 6 dargestellt) weiter mit seinem Rastvorsprung 16 über den Rastvorsprung 17 hinweg verschoben als die Klinkenstange 12 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 (links in der Figur 6 dargestellt).In the Figure 6 it is shown again how the heart 6 of the actively operated dome lock 3 transmits its rotary movement via the coupling eye 5 of the passively operated dome lock 3 to the heart 6 of the passively operated dome lock 3. It is also shown that the rotation of the two frogs 6 does not have to take place completely synchronously, but that the frog 6 of the passively operated dome lock 3 lags a little behind the rotational movement of the frog 6 of the actively operated dome lock 3. The ratchet rod 12 of the actively operated coupling lock 3 (on the right in FIG Figure 6 shown) further with its locking projection 16 shifted beyond the locking projection 17 than the pawl rod 12 of the passively operated coupling lock 3 (on the left in FIG Figure 6 shown).

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung reicht diese vergleichsweise verringerte Drehbewegung des Herzstückes 6 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 jedoch aus, um die Klinkenstange 12 des passiv betätigten Kuppelverschlusses 3 in seine Rastposition zu verbringen.With the solution according to the invention, however, this comparatively reduced rotational movement of the frog 6 of the passively operated coupling lock 3 is sufficient to bring the pawl rod 12 of the passively operated coupling lock 3 into its latching position.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
KupplungskopfCoupling head
22
KupplungskopfgehäuseCoupling head housing
33
KuppelverschlussDome lock
44th
HandentkupplungManual decoupling
55
KuppelöseDome loop
5.15.1
erstes Endefirst end
5.25.2
zweites Endesecond end
66th
HerzstückCenterpiece
77th
HauptachseMain axis
88th
KuppelösenachseCoupling eye axis
99
MaulMouth
1010
FederspeicherSpring accumulator
1111
Stempelstamp
1212th
KlinkenstangeLatch bar
1313th
Öffnungopening
1414th
GegenlagerCounter bearing
1515th
Führungguide
1616
RastvorsprungLocking projection
1717th
RastvorsprungLocking projection
1818th
elastisches Federelementelastic spring element
1919th
HauptbolzenMain bolt
2020th
AktuatorActuator
2121
Kegelcone
2222nd
Trichterfunnel
2323
StirnflächeFace
2424
StirnplatteFaceplate

Claims (10)

  1. Automatic traction coupling, in particular for a goods wagon of a rail vehicle,
    1.1 with a coupling head (1) which comprises a coupling head housing (2) and a coupler lock (3) with a locking mechanism, wherein
    1.2 the coupler lock (3) is embodied as a turn lock with a coupler lug (5) and a core element (6), wherein the core element (6) is rotatable about a main axis (7) between a position ready for coupling, a coupled position and an uncoupled position, the coupler lug (5) is connected with a first end (5.1) to the core piece (6) so as to be rotatable about a coupler lug axis (8) and has a second free end (5.2); and
    1.3 the core element (6) has a mouth (9) which is arranged for receiving a second end (5.2) of a coupler lug (5) of a diametrically opposed coupling head (1), and the core element (6) is rotatable counter to the force of a spring mechanism (10) from the coupled position into the uncoupled position and, by means of the force of the spring mechanism (10), from the uncoupled position into the coupled position; wherein
    1.4 the locking mechanism comprises a ram (11) which is displaceable in the coupling direction of the traction coupling counter to a spring force, and a ratchet bar (12) which is displaceable transversely or obliquely with respect to the coupling direction, and
    1.5 the ratchet bar (12) is connected to the core element (6) in an articulated manner and is displaceable by the core element (6), during the rotation thereof from the coupled position into the uncoupled position, into a latching position in which the ratchet bar (12) blocks a rotation of the core element (6) from the uncoupled position into the coupled position; wherein
    1.6 the ram (11), in a first position displaced counter to the spring force, blocks the ratchet bar (12) in the latching position and, in a second position displaced by the spring force, releases the ratchet bar (12) from the latching position,
    characterized in that
    1.7 the latching position of the ratchet bar (12) is positioned in such a manner that the ratchet bar (12) is displaced into the latching position before the core element (6) reaches its uncoupled position.
  2. Automatic traction coupling according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ram (11) has an opening (13) which at least partially or completely surrounds the ratchet bar (12), the ratchet bar (12) together with a counter bearing (14), in particular on a guide (15) of the ram (11), forms a latching connection with two latching projections (16, 17) which can be brought into engagement with each other, wherein the ratchet bar (12) is actuable by displacement of the ram (11) from the first position into the second position, in order to end the mutual engagement of the latching projections (16, 17).
  3. Automatic traction coupling according to Claim 2, characterized in that the ratchet bar (12) has a latching projection (16) which is positioned in order to be displaced beyond the latching projection (17) of the counter bearing when the core element (6) is rotated from the coupled position to the uncoupled position, wherein, in the uncoupled position, a distance arises between the latching projections (16, 17) in the displacement direction of the ratchet bar (12).
  4. Automatic traction coupling according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an elastic spring element (18) is provided, counter to the spring force of which the ratchet bar (12) can be brought into the latching position.
  5. Automatic traction coupling according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the spring element (18) is positioned to press the latching projections (16, 17) transversely with respect to the displacement direction of the ratchet bar (12) into mutual engagement with each other.
  6. Automatic traction coupling according to Claim 5, characterized in that the ram (11) can be brought into engagement with the ratchet bar (12) in the region of the opening (13) in such a manner that the ram, as it moves from the first position into the second position, displaces the ratchet bar (12) counter to the spring force of the spring element (18) .
  7. Automatic traction coupling according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coupling head (1) comprises a manual uncoupling means (4).
  8. Automatic traction coupling according to Claim 7, characterized in that the manual uncoupling means (4) is accessible for actuation from only one side transversely with respect to the coupling direction.
  9. Rail vehicle with an automatic traction coupling according to one of Claims 1 to 8.
  10. Rail vehicle according to Claim 9 with two corresponding coupling heads (1), wherein the core element (6) of the one coupling head (1) is actively rotatable into its uncoupled position and the core element (6) of the other coupling head (1) is passively rotatable into its uncoupled position by the coupling lug (5) which is connected to the core element or to the other core element (6) transmitting the rotational movement of the core element (6) of the actively actuated coupler lock (3) to the core element (6) of the passively actuated coupler lock (3).
EP20151910.5A 2019-01-31 2020-01-15 Automatic traction coupling Active EP3689705B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL20151910T PL3689705T3 (en) 2019-01-31 2020-01-15 Automatic traction coupling

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019102455.2A DE102019102455A1 (en) 2019-01-31 2019-01-31 Automatic train coupling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3689705A1 EP3689705A1 (en) 2020-08-05
EP3689705B1 true EP3689705B1 (en) 2021-05-26

Family

ID=69172656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20151910.5A Active EP3689705B1 (en) 2019-01-31 2020-01-15 Automatic traction coupling

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3689705B1 (en)
CN (2) CN111497888A (en)
DE (1) DE102019102455A1 (en)
PL (1) PL3689705T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021132991A1 (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatic train coupler and method of uncoupling an automatic train coupler
EP4263319A2 (en) * 2020-12-15 2023-10-25 Voith Patent GmbH Automatic train coupling
CH719152A2 (en) * 2021-11-18 2023-05-31 Faiveley Transp Schwab Ag Device for locking and unlocking a coupling of a rail vehicle.
DE102022104692A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 Voith Patent Gmbh AUTOMATIC TRAIN COUPLING, GUIDED VEHICLE WITH SUCH AUTOMATIC TRAIN COUPLING AND METHOD FOR DISCOUPLING TWO INTER-COUPLED AUTOMATIC TRAIN COUPLINGS
DE102022123887A1 (en) 2022-09-19 2024-03-21 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatic train coupling

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE660833C (en) * 1933-12-18 1938-06-03 Scharfenbergkupplung Akt Ges Automatic clutch for vehicles
GB419590A (en) * 1934-04-23 1934-11-14 Scharfenbergkupplung Ag Improvements in or relating to automatic vehicle couplings
SE535190C2 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-05-15 Ego Int Bv Mechanical coupling for a towing device
CN107031680B (en) * 2017-04-18 2018-09-14 青岛思锐科技有限公司 Coupler-uncoupling control mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111497888A (en) 2020-08-07
EP3689705A1 (en) 2020-08-05
PL3689705T3 (en) 2021-12-06
DE102019102455A1 (en) 2020-08-06
CN212047360U (en) 2020-12-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3689705B1 (en) Automatic traction coupling
WO2022129021A1 (en) Automatic railway coupling and method for uncoupling an automatic railway coupling
EP0342502B1 (en) Automatic coupling for railway vehicles
EP1149751B1 (en) Actuating device for a lenght adjustor and/or a locking system of an automatic coupler
WO2022129159A2 (en) Automatic train coupling
DE102019101996A1 (en) Pull coupling half and method for detecting a rotational position of the main bolt of a pull coupling half
DE102020121087A1 (en) Automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle and method for coupling automatic air coupling in rail vehicles
WO2023161459A1 (en) Automatic train coupling, and method for operating an automatic train coupling
EP3105100A1 (en) Coupling head of an automatic central buffer coupling
WO2022229254A1 (en) Automatic traction coupling and method for uncoupling an automatic traction coupling
WO2022229250A1 (en) Automatic traction coupling and method for uncoupling an automatic traction coupling
DE2008869A1 (en) Automatic connection device for operating lines on rail vehicle couplings
DE102020121079A1 (en) Automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle
WO2023160923A1 (en) Automatic train coupling, track-guided vehicle comprising such an automatic train coupling, and method for decoupling two automatic train couplings which are coupled together
EP2371657A1 (en) Coupling head of an automatic middle buffer
WO2024061686A1 (en) Automatic train coupling
EP0349877B1 (en) Automatically coupling coupler for rail vehicles
DE102023002519A1 (en) Locking element for rail vehicle couplings that can be operated under tensile load
DE3204406C2 (en)
WO2024017640A1 (en) Automatic train coupling, rail vehicle with an automatic train coupling, and method for coupling and decoupling an automatic train coupling
AT152859B (en) Automatic coupling for vehicles, in particular railway vehicles.
EP3883358A1 (en) Coupling device, agricultural vehicle and method for mechanical coupling and media supply between a carrier vehicle and a superstructure
DE102019121649A1 (en) Automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle
DE1270591B (en) Automatic mechanical coupling for rail vehicles with cable and air couplings
EP2390156B1 (en) Coupling head for a railway vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20200707

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210226

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1395951

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502020000040

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210826

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20210526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210927

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210826

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210926

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210827

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502020000040

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20220301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210926

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220115

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220131

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220115

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230613

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210526

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240119

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20200115

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20240119

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20240108

Year of fee payment: 5