EP3643848A1 - Élément structural de réflexion et / ou de diffusion et / ou d'absorption des ondes acoustiques, système comprenant un élément structural ou une pluralité d'éléments structuraux, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structural correspondant ainsi que son utilisation - Google Patents

Élément structural de réflexion et / ou de diffusion et / ou d'absorption des ondes acoustiques, système comprenant un élément structural ou une pluralité d'éléments structuraux, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structural correspondant ainsi que son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3643848A1
EP3643848A1 EP18202991.8A EP18202991A EP3643848A1 EP 3643848 A1 EP3643848 A1 EP 3643848A1 EP 18202991 A EP18202991 A EP 18202991A EP 3643848 A1 EP3643848 A1 EP 3643848A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural element
acoustic waves
structural
elements
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18202991.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heidrun Keim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hamberger Industriewerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Foldart GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foldart GmbH filed Critical Foldart GmbH
Priority to EP18202991.8A priority Critical patent/EP3643848A1/fr
Publication of EP3643848A1 publication Critical patent/EP3643848A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a structural element for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption of acoustic waves, a system or structure system which comprises at least one structural element or a large number of structural elements, a corresponding method for producing a structural element and the use of structural element and system .
  • sound-absorbing elements such as suspended ceilings, suspended ceilings or facing shells are used in office, meeting and work rooms.
  • sound-reflecting wall elements are also attached to ceilings and / or side walls.
  • Such elements sometimes require complex construction measures, such as substructures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide elements and corresponding systems for designing room acoustics, with which improved acoustic effects, in particular defined or also flexibly definable acoustic effects can be achieved, the elements and systems being flexible and easy to use and use should.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide a corresponding method for producing such elements or systems and to specify the use of such elements or systems.
  • a structural element or acoustic element for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption and / or damping of acoustic waves is therefore provided to solve one or more of the above-mentioned tasks, which has one or more elevations and / or one or more depressions comprises, which is or are arranged as a three-dimensional structure, such that the acoustic waves on the one or more elevations and / or on the one or more depressions can be directed and / or aligned and / or absorbed in one or more directions .
  • the acoustic waves are thus defined as reflectable and / or scatterable and / or absorbable and / or dampable.
  • the acoustic waves impinging on the one or more elevations and / or the one or more depressions can be directed and / or aligned in one or more directions, depending on the design of the three-dimensional structure.
  • a structural element or acoustic element for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption and / or damping of acoustic waves which comprises one or more elevations and / or one or more depressions, which is or are arranged as a three-dimensional structure such that the acoustic waves on the one or more elevations and / or on the one or more depressions are in particular defined, reflectable and / or scatterable and / or absorbable and / or dampable.
  • Acoustic waves are also called sound waves here.
  • terms such as 'structural elements', 'elevations', 'depressions', 'surface elements' etc. are used. This is not intended to exclude that the description is also for a single structural element, a single elevation or a single deepening etc. can apply.
  • the terms “steerable” or “alignable” can preferably also apply in connection with absorption or damping. Attenuation is also to be understood here as a reduction in the sound intensity.
  • the structural element or acoustic element comprises a three-dimensional or spatial structure with elevations or depressions arranged in itself.
  • Elevations and depressions are so side by side that they form a three-dimensional structure.
  • a spatial expansion is formed due to the elevation (s) and / or depression (s).
  • the elevations are closer to the viewer than the depressions.
  • a three-dimensional structure with elevations and depressions corresponds, for example, to a zigzag-shaped structure or a wavy structure, whereby adjacent elevations, or also mountains, or depressions, or valleys, can have different heights or depths.
  • the structural element is preferably designed as a plate-shaped element, it has a width, a length and a height.
  • the width and the length are formed as a multiple of the height, the terms “elevation” or “depression” preferably referring to the height of the structural element.
  • the three-dimensional structure or also the elevations (s) and / or depression (s) preferably form or form an acoustically active surface or an acoustically active region or comprise or comprise an acoustically active surface or an acoustically active region.
  • This means that in particular the acoustically effective area or the acoustically effective area enables the processing of the acoustic waves, that is to say the reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption of the incident acoustic waves, in particular the defined reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption of the incoming acoustic waves.
  • the acoustic waves may also strike other areas of the structural element; however, the acoustically effective area is that for processing the acoustic waves intended area or the acoustically effective area in order to achieve the desired acoustic effects.
  • defined frequencies can be reflected, scattered, absorbed and / or attenuated in a targeted manner.
  • the side of the structural element provided for this purpose which forms the acoustically active surface or the acoustically active region, is its front side, while the side facing away from the front side forms the rear side of the structural element.
  • the largest surfaces of the structural element are preferably to be understood as the front and back. Even if sound waves can hit all sides of a structural element, the front forms the relevant acoustically effective surface or area.
  • an essential point of the invention is that the acoustic waves, also called sound waves, impinging on the structural element, that is to say on the three-dimensional structure and thus on the elevation (s) and / or depression (s), depending on the angle of incidence and the orientation and the nature of the elevation (s) and / or depression (s) are reflected, scattered and / or absorbed differently.
  • the acoustic waves can thus be directed in a desired direction, which can also mean absorption.
  • the elements and systems according to the invention have a high aesthetic effect.
  • the one or more elevations and / or the one or more depressions or also the three-dimensional structure is formed from adjoining surface elements, the surface elements being arranged at a defined angle or at defined angles to one another.
  • the arrangement of the surface elements in relation to one another allows precise guidance of the impinging acoustic waves.
  • the surface element or elements are preferably designed as surface elements reflecting acoustic waves and / or as surface elements scattering acoustic waves and / or as surface elements absorbing acoustic waves. Depending on the material, the surfaces of the surface elements are particularly effective.
  • the individual surface elements are preferably delimited from one another by kinks or crease or fold lines.
  • the surface elements are therefore preferably defined or defined by crease or fold lines.
  • the individual surface elements thus form cells, for example, each cell contributing its share of the reflection, scattering and / or absorption.
  • the structural element is therefore preferably designed as a cellular structure.
  • Smooth, reflective surfaces or also surfaces of the elevations and / or depressions reflect the sound waves according to the physical principle of the angle of incidence and the angle of incidence.
  • the preferred radiation angles of the outgoing acoustic waves or sound waves can thus be set in a targeted manner, so that the acoustic waves can be specifically directed.
  • the content of conversations, for example, is no longer understandable.
  • Absorbent surfaces or surfaces such as nonwovens, convert the energy of the sound waves largely into heat and thus prevent reflection or scattering of the sound wave. The sound wave or sound is absorbed.
  • the aforementioned acoustic effects - reflection, scattering, absorption, damping - can be specifically set by a suitable combination of the inclination angles of the elevations and / or depressions and / or by the choice of the properties of the surfaces or surfaces , that is, the acoustic waves are on the structural element and thus on the three-dimensional structure of the elevation (s) and / or depression (s) defined or specifically steerable and / or also orientable and / or absorbable or dampable.
  • the three-dimensional structure of the structural element is designed as a regular structure.
  • regular structures corresponding surface elements of adjacent elevations and / or depressions point in the same direction.
  • reflection, scattering or absorption on the surface elements of the individual elevations and / or depressions are intensified many times.
  • the three-dimensional structure of the structural element is designed as an irregular structure.
  • alignment and arrangement of the surface elements reflected sound waves can be bundled or fanned out, for example. This can be used, for example, to achieve acoustic lens effects such as focusing or dispersion.
  • the three-dimensional or spatial structure is designed as a structure or fold structure having one or more folds, preferably in order to form the elevation (s) and / or depressions (s).
  • the elevation (s) and / or depressions (s) are preferably formed by reshaping a base element or starting element, the reshaping being a folding.
  • the elevation (s) and / or depression (s) are therefore preferably designed as a folded elevation (s) and / or folded depression (s).
  • the kinks resulting from the folding stiffen the structural element, so that no additional stabilizing measures are required, for example even when using thin sheets or foils. Additional constructions such as beams, for example beams made of perforated plates, can be avoided.
  • the stiffening effect of the folds or folds also prevents airborne sound from being stimulated with light materials.
  • the acoustically effective layer thickness of the structural element is increased. Compared to solid material of the same thickness, material can be saved significantly.
  • the surface elements are arranged at a defined angle or at defined angles to one another. For example, they are delimited from one another by fold lines or folds or fold lines.
  • the elevation (s) and / or depression (s) can be varied in their height and shape in a wide range, they can have round, curved or angular areas and can be of variable height.
  • the folds or kinks preferably allow a defined delimitation of individual surface elements. The individual surface elements can thus be aligned in a targeted manner, in particular relative to one another.
  • the three-dimensional structure or the one or more elevations and / or the one or more depressions are formed from at least one first material and / or from at least one second material, which are preferably arranged as overlapping layers.
  • first material and / or one or more second materials are provided to form a structural element.
  • the structural element comprises at least a first material and / or at least a second material.
  • the at least one first material is provided as a sheet-like material and the at least one second material is provided as a sheet-like material.
  • the at least one first material for example the sheet-like material
  • a metal sheet is used here.
  • the at least one second material for example the web-like material, is made of plastic, textile, non-woven, in particular of carbon fiber non-woven, of paper, cardboard and / or a composite material.
  • the web-like material in particular can be a film-like or textile material.
  • the at least one first material is designed and / or arranged such that the at least one first material and / or the at least one second material form at least partially or completely the acoustically active surface or the acoustically active region.
  • the at least one first material and / or the at least one second material is or are designed and / or arranged in such a way that the at least one first material and / or the at least one second material at least partially or completely the acoustically active surface or the train acoustically effective area.
  • the at least one first material is designed as a preferably rigid support element, and the at least one second material is arranged on the support element.
  • the first material is preferably provided as the carrier element for the second material, the first material preferably having a rigidity that is higher than a rigidity of the second material.
  • the first material preferably having a rigidity that is higher than a rigidity of the second material.
  • the materials with high stiffness such as metal foils or sheets, preferably serve as supports or carrier elements.
  • a "self-supporting material” is preferably provided as a carrier element for a "non-self-supporting material”.
  • the at least one first material for example the carrier element, is designed and / or arranged in such a way that the at least one first material and / or the at least one second material can be at least partially or completely exposed to the acoustic waves, that is, at least partially or completely form the acoustically effective surface or area.
  • the materials for example the at least one first material, which is preferably designed as a carrier element for the at least one second material, and / or the at least one second material are preferably designed and / or arranged in such a way that both or the plurality of materials in each case at least partially or completely form the acoustically effective surface or area.
  • the structural element or the three-dimensional structure is preferably formed from a combination of two or more of these materials. Possible combinations are, for example, (i) metal, in particular sheet metal, and carbon fiber fleece; (ii) metal, in particular sheet metal, and other textile fleece; (iii) metal, in particular sheet metal, and a textile; (iv) plastic and carbon fiber fleece; (v) metal, especially sheet metal, and plastic film, etc.
  • Aluminum or steel or titanium for example, is provided as the metal or sheet metal.
  • a combination of aluminum or aluminum sheet and carbon fiber fleece or a combination of steel or steel sheet and carbon fiber fleece or a combination of titanium or titanium sheet and carbon fiber fleece or a combination of a metal alloy or a metal alloy sheet and carbon fiber fleece is provided.
  • a combination of at least one reflective material and at least one absorbent material is preferably provided.
  • the intensity of the reflection and / or the scattering and / or the absorption and / or the attenuation can be optimally adapted to the requirements with regard to room acoustics.
  • metal foils have a high degree of reflection for sound waves
  • nonwovens for example carbon fiber nonwovens, have particularly high absorbing properties.
  • the acoustic effectiveness can preferably be optimized in the desired manner by the combination of reflecting, scattering and / or absorbing zones or areas with different materials. For example, rows of sound-reflecting and sound-absorbing surface elements can be alternately formed on a structural element. This enables particularly effective sound guidance to be achieved.
  • the structural element preferably comprises a combination of reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and / or attenuating zones or regions.
  • the three-dimensional structure is preferably designed as a combination of reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and / or damping zones or areas or surface elements.
  • a defined acoustic effect can preferably be achieved by a defined arrangement of reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and / or damping zones or areas or surface elements.
  • the shaping or formation of the structural element or the three-dimensional structure with sheet-like and / or sheet-like materials provides an acoustic element which has a low mass compared to solid material and is therefore preferably easy to handle in use.
  • the one or more elevations and / or the one or more depressions are preferably formed from adjacent surface elements, the surface elements being arranged or being able to be arranged at defined angles to one another.
  • the surface elements are designed as reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing surface elements.
  • the carrier element preferably provided as a grid element, for example as a perforated plate, and thus has one or more recesses, for example holes, perforations, slots, slits, microperforations or similar recesses or openings.
  • both the at least one first material, in particular the carrier element, and the at least one second material can be exposed at least in part to the impinging acoustic waves and thus form the acoustically effective surface.
  • Each surface element or only a few surface elements can have one or more recesses.
  • the cutouts or openings are preferably made in the material by milling or punching or drilling or lasering or water jet cutting.
  • the at least one first material and the at least one second material are therefore preferably arranged next to one another in such a way that the at least one second material covers or covers or fills or essentially fills the cutouts.
  • the at least one second material preferably also forms at least partially the acoustically active surface.
  • the at least one second material is preferably introduced into the cutouts, for example by covering the cutouts with the at least one second material or partially covering the at least one second material with the at least one first material.
  • the at least one first material and the at least one second material are preferably formed as a two- or multi-layer material combination or arranged in two or more overlapping layers.
  • the at least one first material then preferably has one or more cutouts into which the at least one second material is introduced, in particular through the two-layer or multilayer arrangement, so that both the at least one first material and the at least one second material form the acoustically effective surface or area.
  • the at least one first material and the at least one second material are preferably arranged or provided in a defined area ratio to one another.
  • the reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and / or attenuating zones or regions are preferably arranged in a defined area ratio to one another. For example, defined acoustic effects can be achieved.
  • the individual surface elements can preferably be designed in such a way that a single recess of the at least one first material, for example the carrier element, as a frame with a recess which exposes almost the entire surface of a surface element, for example a square, rectangular, round or oval recess or opening is provided.
  • a single recess of the at least one first material for example the carrier element
  • a frame with a recess which exposes almost the entire surface of a surface element for example a square, rectangular, round or oval recess or opening
  • several rectangular, triangular, round, oval or serrated openings or similar recesses of the same or different sizes can be provided on each or only on individual surface elements.
  • the at least one first material for example the carrier element
  • the sheet-like material with low rigidity for example a non-self-supporting material
  • one side for example the back of the at least one first material, for example the carrier element
  • the at least one second material can preferably also be exposed to the incoming acoustic waves via the cutouts.
  • the second material can also be formed with cutouts, these cutouts preferably being able to be covered with a third material.
  • the carrier element accordingly has a first side, a front side and a second side, a rear side, for example the front side in the finished structural element being intended to face a sound source and the rear side being intended to receive the at least one second material .
  • the cutout (s) can also be used to expose or expose the at least one second material of a sound source and thus acoustic waves.
  • the carrier element - and thus the at least one first material - thus preferably also acts as protection for the at least one second, web-like material with low rigidity against damage.
  • a plurality of materials are provided for cladding the at least one first material, for example the support element.
  • the materials can be attached or attached to the carrier element in one layer or with several folded layers, preferably at a distance.
  • a suitable combination of shape, for example folding geometry, and material enables unique acoustic effects to be achieved.
  • the design effects can be varied in an unprecedented variety by an optimal combination of material, imprint, shape, for example folding geometry, and design of the overall system.
  • the three-dimensional shape, in particular the folding compensates for two acoustically relevant deficits of sheet-like or sheet-like materials with a low area-related mass: the kinks stiffen the structure so that additional structures such as beams, e.g. perforated plates, are avoided can be.
  • the spatial arrangement preferably also increases the effective layer thickness.
  • the combination of reflective and absorbent zones with different materials allows the acoustic effectiveness to be optimally adapted to the requirements (reflection, scattering, absorption, damping).
  • the system can be set from pure reflection / scatter to pure absorption, for example.
  • a combination of sheet-like material with sheet-like material can preferably be used to produce or provide combinations with a defined area ratio or defined area ratios of the different materials.
  • the structural element can preferably be formed in one layer or have several folded layers, preferably also at a distance. Hollow chambers can preferably also be provided in the folding structures. A combination of stiff and sheet-like materials can also be used here.
  • the structural element is designed to be changeable in its dimension.
  • foldable and transportable structural elements are realized which, for example, only unfold on site or are also opened and folded again after use.
  • Adaptive structural elements can also be implemented, which can be variably adapted to the requirements, for example to the room acoustics, by the degree of unfolding.
  • This embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for free installation in space.
  • a system for reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and or damping acoustic waves comprising at least one structural element or a plurality or a plurality of structural elements, as described above, includes.
  • the system includes two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty or more such structural elements as those above are described.
  • the system can also be formed from only one structural element.
  • a plurality of structural elements are joined together or can be joined together to form a flat or curved surface.
  • the structural element and / or the system is in a further embodiment by means of a fastening device, preferably in a location provided for this purpose, preferably removable or removable , attachable.
  • a fastening device preferably in a location provided for this purpose, preferably removable or removable , attachable.
  • at least a first part of the fastening device is preferably attached or attachable to the rear of the structural element, while a second part of the fastening device is attached or attachable to a location provided for the attachment.
  • the fastening device preferably comprises at least one carrier device, preferably adapted to the geometry of the elevations and / or depressions, for carrying the structural element and thus also the system.
  • the carrier device is formed, for example, from plastic, metal, wood or a composite material, preferably it is provided as a 3D-printed plastic element.
  • the fastening device preferably also comprises a first coupling element or a plurality of first coupling elements which is or are attached or attached to the carrier device, and a second or a plurality of second coupling elements which is or are attached or attached to the location provided for fastening, so that the structural element or the system can be fastened or attached to the location provided for fastening by the interaction of at least one first coupling element with at least one second coupling element.
  • the fastening device can comprise a carrier device or also a plurality of carrier devices, with corresponding coupling elements, at least one first coupling element and at least one second coupling element being provided with each carrier device.
  • the first coupling element is preferably provided as a magnet, which is fastened or can be fastened to the carrier device, for example by means of a screw connection.
  • the wall or the ceiling that is to say the place provided for fastening, then preferably has a magnetic holder as the second coupling element, for example a further magnet, an iron element, for example an iron strip, or another magnetic element, for example a magnetic metal rail, so that the structural element can be attached to the desired location via a magnetic connection.
  • a magnetic connection a Velcro connection, an adhesive connection or a hook connection can also be provided.
  • washers or a thread ensure precise adjustment of the wall distance.
  • the first coupling element can also be connected to the carrier device by means of an adhesive connection or rivet connection.
  • the carrier device itself can also be designed as a first coupling element.
  • first and second coupling elements that is to say coupling pairs, enable the structural element or several structural elements and thus preferably also the system to be securely attached to the desired location, for example a wall or ceiling.
  • the structural element is, for example, square or rectangular, preferably a plate element or plate-shaped.
  • a carrier device is preferably provided with at least a first and a second coupling element for each corner of the square structural element or of the rectangular structural element.
  • Several coupling element pairs can also be provided for secure fastening.
  • the second coupling element can, for example, also be attached as a one-piece element, for example as a frame or a rail system, at the location provided for fastening, so that preferably a plurality of first coupling elements interact with this one second coupling element.
  • the carrier device or the plurality of carrier devices are preferably glued to the structural element.
  • a frame element can also be provided as the carrier device, which surrounds the structural element on its circumference or essentially surrounds on its circumference.
  • the frame element can also be designed as a first coupling element.
  • the frame element preferably surrounds the structure element and is preferably designed and / or arranged such that it stabilizes the structure element.
  • the structural elements can be arranged in one layer, next to one another, or in several layers at a distance.
  • the desired acoustic effects can be achieved through the choice of materials and structural shapes.
  • the combination enables the system to be set up as an acoustic element of any size.
  • entire walls or ceilings, in particular hard walls or ceilings can be designed with acoustically effective overall systems, preferably with an air layer behind them in front of hard wall and / or ceiling.
  • the structural element, as described above, or the system, as described above can be mounted on a ceiling and / or a wall, or can be set up freely in the room or freely suspended in it.
  • the structural element or the system can be attached or attached to a cord system at the location of the attachment or the location provided for attachment.
  • a particularly large-area arrangement can be both planar and curved.
  • three-dimensional geometries can be set up, for example, which achieve predeterminable acoustic effects.
  • the dimension of the system can be changed, in particular dismantled and / or collapsible and / or foldable and / or transportable.
  • This preferably also applies to the structural element, here in particular foldable and / or foldable and / or transportable.
  • the system can preferably be disassembled into its individual structural elements and / or the structural elements are designed to be foldable, for example.
  • the system as a whole can also be designed to be foldable.
  • a structural element for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption and / or attenuation of acoustic waves as described above, or a system for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption and / or damping of acoustic waves, as described above, for the defined steering and / or alignment of acoustic waves in one or more directions and / or for the defined absorption or damping of acoustic waves.
  • the structural element or the system can thus be used for conference, work and living rooms, concert halls, event areas, foyers, and / or for or at exhibition stands.
  • the structural element or the system can be designed and customizable.
  • the acoustic waves can be directed and / or absorbed or damped in a targeted manner in one or more desired direction (s).
  • a method for producing a structural element for reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing and / or attenuating acoustic waves, as described above, is provided to solve one or more of the above-mentioned objects, the structural element under Use of forming techniques, especially using folding technology or folding technology.
  • a structural element is formed from a basic element or starting element, the basic element being provided as an in particular planar, in particular flat element.
  • the base element preferably has predetermined fold lines or edges, which are preferably designed as pre-milled or pre-embossed fold lines or fold edges. Using the fold lines, the structural element can be brought into the desired shape, that is to say into the three-dimensional structure, for example by folding or kinking along the fold lines.
  • the fold lines can also be worked into the basic element using other techniques.
  • the basic element is designed, for example, as a planar element, as described above, for example, as a sheet-like and / or sheet-like element.
  • the basic element has at least one first material and / or at least one second material, which is or have been designed or arranged in this way, for example connected to one another, for example glued to one another, so that the structural element is made therefrom can be trained or formed.
  • the at least one first material is preferably designed as a carrier element made of sheet-like material which is covered or covered with the at least one second material, a sheet-like material, on at least one side, preferably the rear side.
  • This combination of materials can then be used to make the structural element with the, preferably using the fold lines provided in the carrier element Form three-dimensional structure, in particular fold, so that the resulting kinks form the one or more elevations and / or the one or more recesses of the three-dimensional structure.
  • the surface elements described above are thus delimited from one another, for example, by means of folds, crease lines or fold lines or edges; the crease or fold edges form, for example, a V-shaped dividing line.
  • the dividing lines can also be designed as a U-shaped dividing line.
  • a basic element which comprises at least one first material and / or at least one second material, the at least one first material and / or the at least one second material at least one or more fold or crease lines for forming or shaping the one or more elevations and / or the one or more recesses of the three-dimensional structure of the structural element, as described above, comprises or comprise.
  • the at least one first material for example the carrier element, as explained above, comprises cutouts, so that the at least one second material, for example the web-like material through which recesses are visible and thus available as an effective area share.
  • the structural element is then designed, for example, as a cellular structure.
  • the cutout (s) of the at least one first material can or can preferably be covered by the at least one second material or the at least one second material is inserted as an insert in the cutout (s).
  • the first material and also the second material or possibly further materials together form the acoustically effective surface.
  • the structural element according to the invention can thus be produced or manufactured using the methods of the forming technology.
  • the structural element is folded, for example, from flat, flat starting material, the basic element.
  • Decisive for the effectiveness of the structural elements according to the invention are the material sizes, the flow resistance, the area-related mass, the geometry of elevations and depressions (for example folded geometry), the geometry of perforations, recesses and / or slits, the area proportion of perforations, recesses and / or Slits and / or their partial modification by coating or printing.
  • the at least one first material and / or also the at least one second material preferably have one or more coatings or imprints which can likewise bring about a defined acoustic effect.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front side 11 of a basic element 10, here for example made of a metal, in one embodiment, as the basis for the formation of a three-dimensional structural element 100, that is to say before the forming, for example by folding.
  • the basic element 10 is here as a planar or essentially planar, sheet-like element formed, wherein jagged end edges are preferably provided on two opposite sides.
  • Fig. 2 shows the back 12 of the base element 10 according to Fig. 1 .
  • Prefabricated fold lines 14, target fold lines, here for example on the rear side 12, are preferably provided.
  • the fold lines 14 are pre-milled or embossed, for example, for easier machining.
  • the basic element is divided into individual surface elements 200.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view, here for example the front side 110, of a three-dimensional structural element or acoustic element 100 in the fully folded state in one embodiment.
  • the representation can represent a complete structural element 100 or just a section of a structural element.
  • This structural element is, for example, from the basic element Fig. 1 or 2nd shaped.
  • the structural element 100 shown shows the individual, here flat surface elements 200, which make up the surface elements Fig. 1 correspond.
  • the surface elements are designed, for example, as surface elements reflecting and / or scattering and / or absorbing acoustic waves, the surface elements being arranged at defined angles to one another.
  • adjacent surface elements are arranged at defined angles to one another, here in particular at angles different from 180 degrees. Since incident sound waves impinge on adjacent surface elements at different angles, in this case they are reflected in different directions by these surface elements due to the surface elements 200 reflecting, for example, metallic acoustic waves.
  • the acoustic waves can preferably be directed in a specifiable direction by a suitable choice of the geometry and arrangement of the surface elements 200. This means that the arrangement allows a defined control of the sound waves.
  • the structural element 100 is formed here, for example, from sheet-like material, for example from aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the described structural element 100 can be used for reflection and / or scattering and / or absorption, or possibly also damping of acoustic waves, i.e. sound waves, be formed, wherein the surface elements 200 form elevations 131 and depressions 132 due to the angular arrangement, which are arranged as a three-dimensional structure 130 such that the acoustic waves at the elevations 131 and / or at the depressions 132 can be steered in one or more directions and / or can be aligned.
  • the acoustic waves can also be absorbed or damped.
  • elevations are defined such that they are arranged closer to a viewer of the front side 110 of the structural element 100 than depressions. If a viewer were to look at the back of the structural element, the elevations, depending on the design of the structural element, are here, for example, the depressions.
  • the three-dimensional structure which is formed here, for example, from sheet-like material, is formed by folding.
  • a stiffening effect is achieved by the folding or the kinks, so that the structural element 100 is designed to be easy to handle and / or stable.
  • the surface elements 200 can be provided as surface elements that absorb acoustic waves and, for example, have a carbon layer or be formed from a carbon fiber fleece or a textile structure or a microperforated film.
  • the structural element can be used as a sound absorber.
  • Fig. 4 shows a section of a sectional view of the structural element 100 according to FIG Fig. 3 , the cut along the in Fig. 3 drawn line AA runs.
  • the fold structure can be seen in the illustration.
  • the folding structure of the structural element 100 has the three-dimensional structure 130 with elevations and depressions and shows the surface elements 200.
  • the surface elements 200 can be designed as surface elements reflecting acoustic waves and / or as surface elements absorbing acoustic waves and / or as surface elements scattering acoustic waves.
  • Fig. 5 and 6 show alternative folding geometries of structural elements 100 that lead to different deflection behavior of acoustic waves. They can be specifically dimensioned and used for predeterminable sound deflections. Depending on the material, sound absorption can also be achieved with these structures.
  • Fig. 5 For example, shows several parallel fold lines of the three-dimensional structure 130, in Fig. 6 curved surface areas or surface elements are also provided.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a schematic view of a system 400 that is composed of a plurality or a plurality of structural elements 100.
  • the aim is to assemble the fully formed structural elements into a system, so that on the one hand desired acoustic effects can be achieved, but on the other hand a design element is also available so that the desired physical aspects are linked with an attractive design.
  • Any structural elements can preferably be combined, both in shape and in number, it being possible to form flat surfaces, curved surfaces or other geometries.
  • Fig. 8 shows the view of the front side 11 of a basic element 10 in one embodiment as the basis for a further three-dimensional structural element 100, that is to say before the forming.
  • the base element 10 is in turn designed as a planar or substantially planar sheet-like element, with jagged end edges preferably being provided on two opposite sides.
  • the basic element here is formed from a first material 220, for example from a sheet-like material, for example an aluminum sheet, and from a second material 221, for example from a sheet-like material, for example a carbon fiber fleece.
  • the first material 220 here has a higher rigidity than the second material 221, so that the first material is provided as a carrier element for the second material.
  • the first material 220 has cutouts 210 which are filled by the second material 221 or covered by the second material, since the materials here are arranged in two layers on one another or on top of one another.
  • the individual surface elements 200 are formed here from the first material 220 and the second material 221, so that both materials form a portion of an acoustically effective surface.
  • prefabricated fold lines 14, intended fold lines are provided, but not visible here, since they are formed on the rear side 12 of the base element 10.
  • the fold lines 14 are provided, for example as a groove, for example milled or embossed, for easier machinability or formability.
  • the surface elements 200 are defined here, for example, by the fold lines that are not visible here.
  • the first material 220 has, for example, a diamond-shaped recess 210 and forms a type of frame for each surface element 200.
  • the recesses 210 can, for example, also be square or rectangular, or have any other shape, preferably within the shape of a surface element predetermined by the fold lines. Recesses can also be formed beyond the fold lines.
  • a surface element 200 can also have a plurality of cutouts.
  • the second material 221, here for example the carbon fiber fleece, is attached to one side of the first material, so the first material is covered with the second material, for example.
  • the individual surface elements 200 thus have a carbon fiber fleece which is framed by the aluminum sheet and is thus kept in shape.
  • the individual surface elements 200 are thus designed as surface elements reflecting acoustic waves and surface elements absorbing acoustic waves, the proportion of the surface element having an absorbing effect being large compared to the proportion having a reflecting effect.
  • the structural element made therefrom is provided as a structural element that essentially absorbs acoustic waves.
  • this embodiment of a basic element 10 can be used to produce a sound absorber.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a sectional view of a structural element 100 in one embodiment, the section along the line in FIG Fig. 8 schematically drawn line BB runs and wherein the structural element 100 according to the base element 10 Fig. 8 is trained.
  • the structural element 100 is formed from the first material 220, which is provided as a carrier element for the second material 221.
  • the folding structure of the structural element 100 is a three-dimensional structure 130 with elevations and depressions.
  • the surface elements 200 described above show the two materials. Since the cutouts 210 formed by the first material 220 also include Acoustic wave absorbing material, the second material 221, are filled, essentially a structural element 100 is shown with a significant sound absorbing effect.
  • the design of the structural element with the different materials creates an element with a high aesthetic effect.
  • the structural element is preferably also provided as a design element.
  • FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, 10H, 10I show views of basic elements 10 in further embodiments.
  • the rear sides 12 are shown with the predetermined target folding lines 14 (reference numerals only in FIG Figure 10C specified).
  • Only basic elements are shown here which are made of a first material 220 (reference numerals only in Figure 10F specified) are formed, for example from sheet-like materials.
  • a first material can be combined with a second material (not shown) in order to achieve the desired acoustic effect.
  • a first material can be combined with a second material, the stiffness of the first material being higher than a stiffness of the second material.
  • the basic elements 10 shown here all have cutouts 210 (reference numerals only in FIG Figure 10F specified) of various forms;
  • the recesses 210 or holes are thus, for example, square, round, oval, triangular, linear or serrated, and these recesses can be provided in different sizes and in different combinations.
  • Any web-like material 221 can be applied to one or both sides, front and / or back 12 and can have reflecting or absorbing properties.
  • the acoustic properties of the structural elements 100 formed from the basic elements 10 can be set over a wide range.
  • the direction of the sound waves can be effectively adjusted by a suitable combination of acoustically acting or effective surfaces.
  • the Figures 11A to 11E show a schematic representation of sectional views of a structural element 100 or also a system 400 in different folding states or also folding states. Shown are a structural element 100 or also a system 400 that is designed to be foldable or foldable and thus its dimension can be changed.
  • the acoustic properties can be variably adapted to the requirements on site by the degree of unfolding or unfolding.
  • the foldability means that the dimension of the structural element 100 or also of the system 400 can be changed to such an extent, in particular that it can be reduced, that they are transportable. Folding here does not mean the actual forming technique 'folding' for the production of the structural element, but rather rather pulling apart and collapsing the already finished structural element or also the system.
  • Such an embodiment of the invention can be used particularly flexibly at trade fairs, conferences and for events.
  • the foldability or foldability of the structural element or system can be achieved due to the special folding structure of the structural element.
  • a plurality of structural elements 100 can also be flexibly connected to one another to form a flexible system 400, for example by means of joints.
  • the Figures 11A to 11E schematically show the collapsed or essentially collapsed or possibly compressed state, Figure 11A , unfolding or stretching, Figure 11B , the opened or stretched state, Figure 11C , folding or squeezing, Figure 11D , and again the collapsed or essentially collapsed or possibly compressed state, Figure 11E .
  • Structural elements or systems that can be changed in their dimensions are therefore particularly suitable for use in conference, work and living rooms, in concert halls, event areas, foyers and / or for exhibition stands.
  • Structural elements that are differently stretched or compressed that is to say structural elements that have changed dimensions, can achieve different acoustic effects, preferably also if their three-dimensional structure is identical in the non-stretched or non-compressed state. The degree and / or the frequency of the absorbing, scattering and reflecting effect is varied.
  • Fig. 12 shows a sectional view of the structural element 100 according to FIG Fig. 3 , with a fastening device in one embodiment, wherein the section along the in Fig. 3 drawn line AA runs. A section is shown.
  • Fig. 12 shows the structural element 100 with a fastening device 300 for fastening the structural element 100 with its rear side 120 to a wall or ceiling, that is to say at a location 500 provided for fastening.
  • a fastening device 300 for fastening the structural element 100 with its rear side 120 to a wall or ceiling, that is to say at a location 500 provided for fastening.
  • one or more fastening devices 300 are used.
  • the fastening device 300 comprises a carrier device 310 which carries a first coupling element 320, here for example a magnet.
  • the first coupling element 320 is here connected to the carrier device 310, for example via a screw connection 330, for example a nut is visible.
  • the carrier device 310 is formed, for example, from plastic, metal or wood or also from a composite material and is connected or connectable to the structural element 100, for example by gluing.
  • a second coupling element 321 here for example a magnetic holder, is provided or fastened, for example glued or screwed to the wall.
  • the second coupling element 321 is provided, for example, as a, in this case magnetic, metal rail.
  • the first and second coupling elements 320, 321 can thus be magnetically connected to one another.
  • the structural element 100 with the first coupling element 320 can thus be fastened to the second coupling element 321 on the wall 500, here, for example, simply by clicking or clicking on it.
  • the carrier device and the first coupling element, preferably here with a screw connection, possibly also with the second coupling element, thus form, for example, a docking bridge; the attachment here takes place via the action of force between two magnetic elements.
  • A, for example, quadrangular structural element can, for example, be connected to the location provided for fastening at each corner via a fastening device.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of the rear side 120 of the structural element 100 according to FIG Fig. 3 , with a fastening device in a further embodiment.
  • a frame element 340 is provided here, which can be designed as a carrier device or as a first coupling element.
  • one or more first coupling elements can be connected or connected to the frame element, which in turn can be connected to one or more second coupling elements. If the frame element is designed as a first coupling element, it can interact directly with one or more second coupling elements.
  • Fig. 14 shows the view of the front of a three-dimensional structural element in the fully folded state in one embodiment, different cutouts being shown by way of example.
  • the three-dimensional representation shows possible exemplary cutouts 210 and a first material 220 and a second material 221 only in part.
  • a structural element is preferably formed with identical surface elements; however, the surface elements can also be designed differently, with and without recess and / or with different recess shapes and patterns. Any combinations are possible.
  • acoustic objects preferably made of sheet metal, paper or foils, which are also distinguished by a unique look.
  • the acoustically effective elements create a combination of acoustic function and design. Due to the combination of folding geometry and folding material (flat or local), reflection, scattering and / or absorption or damping can be optimally adapted to the requirements of a desired room acoustics.
  • collapsible, transportable acoustic objects are realized which are at the same time extremely light, collapsed, very small and easily transportable and are only deployed on site. This is of particular interest for trade fair construction and events.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP18202991.8A 2018-10-26 2018-10-26 Élément structural de réflexion et / ou de diffusion et / ou d'absorption des ondes acoustiques, système comprenant un élément structural ou une pluralité d'éléments structuraux, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structural correspondant ainsi que son utilisation Pending EP3643848A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18202991.8A EP3643848A1 (fr) 2018-10-26 2018-10-26 Élément structural de réflexion et / ou de diffusion et / ou d'absorption des ondes acoustiques, système comprenant un élément structural ou une pluralité d'éléments structuraux, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structural correspondant ainsi que son utilisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18202991.8A EP3643848A1 (fr) 2018-10-26 2018-10-26 Élément structural de réflexion et / ou de diffusion et / ou d'absorption des ondes acoustiques, système comprenant un élément structural ou une pluralité d'éléments structuraux, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structural correspondant ainsi que son utilisation

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112502352A (zh) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-16 深圳艾佑都市设计有限公司 一种扣板、复合功能板及降噪吸隔音和消导磁方法
WO2022148532A1 (fr) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-14 Durlum Group Gmbh Élément de placage, placage, système de guidage de personnes et utilisation d'un élément de placage
DE102022109063A1 (de) 2021-11-26 2023-06-01 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Paneel und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Paneels
DE202023002736U1 (de) 2023-03-08 2024-04-18 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Akustikelement
DE102022130696A1 (de) 2022-11-21 2024-05-23 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Akustikaufbau

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1140402A (fr) * 1955-08-12 1957-07-22 Système absorbant du son, particulièrement indiqué pour atténuer les bruits
US4143495A (en) * 1976-10-22 1979-03-13 Fa. Pass & Co. Sound-absorbing panel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1140402A (fr) * 1955-08-12 1957-07-22 Système absorbant du son, particulièrement indiqué pour atténuer les bruits
US4143495A (en) * 1976-10-22 1979-03-13 Fa. Pass & Co. Sound-absorbing panel

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112502352A (zh) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-16 深圳艾佑都市设计有限公司 一种扣板、复合功能板及降噪吸隔音和消导磁方法
WO2022148532A1 (fr) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-14 Durlum Group Gmbh Élément de placage, placage, système de guidage de personnes et utilisation d'un élément de placage
DE102022109063A1 (de) 2021-11-26 2023-06-01 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Paneel und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Paneels
DE102022130696A1 (de) 2022-11-21 2024-05-23 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Akustikaufbau
DE202023002736U1 (de) 2023-03-08 2024-04-18 Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh Akustikelement

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