EP3303642B1 - Verfahren zum kontaktlosen kühlen von stahlblechen und vorrichtung hierfür - Google Patents

Verfahren zum kontaktlosen kühlen von stahlblechen und vorrichtung hierfür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3303642B1
EP3303642B1 EP16724376.5A EP16724376A EP3303642B1 EP 3303642 B1 EP3303642 B1 EP 3303642B1 EP 16724376 A EP16724376 A EP 16724376A EP 3303642 B1 EP3303642 B1 EP 3303642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
nozzle
temperature
cooled
blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16724376.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3303642A1 (de
Inventor
Markus Brummayer
Kurt Etzelsdorfer
Reiner Kelsch
Andreas Sommer
Benedikt TUTEWOHL
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Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102015108514.3A external-priority patent/DE102015108514A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102015113056.4A external-priority patent/DE102015113056B4/de
Application filed by Voestalpine Stahl GmbH, Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Publication of EP3303642A1 publication Critical patent/EP3303642A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0218—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for strips, sheets, or plates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/004—Heating the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0233—Spray nozzles, Nozzle headers; Spray systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007—Cooling of charges therein

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for contactless cooling of steel sheets and a device therefor.
  • cooling is required in many areas, for example when flat plates have to be cooled, but also when e.g. B. glass surfaces in glass production or processor units or the like must be cooled.
  • Previous cooling systems are either very complex, or kept quite simple, e.g. B. by blowing air or with other fluids, especially water or oil, which has the disadvantage that always unfavorable, uncontrolled flow conditions form on the surface, which become a problem when a specially defined cooling is required.
  • a cooling device for moving steel strips is known in which there are a plurality of cooling strips located transversely to the running direction of the steel strip and the cooling strips via cooling directed towards the steel strip have glands from which a cooling fluid can be jetted onto the moving steel strip.
  • a device for cooling a moving metal strip in which, with the aid of nozzles, a cooling medium leads out of gas boxes through gas channels and out of the strip by means of nozzle strips.
  • press-hardened steel sheet components are used in particular in automobiles.
  • These press-hardened components made of sheet steel are high-strength components that are used in particular as safety components in the body area.
  • high-strength steel components it is possible to reduce the material thickness compared to a normal-strength steel and thus to achieve low body weights.
  • a sheet steel plate is heated above the so-called austenitizing temperature and, if necessary, kept at this temperature until a desired degree of austenitizing is reached.
  • This heated blank is then transferred to a molding tool and shaped in this molding tool in a one-step shaping step to form the finished component and, at the same time, cooled by the cooled molding tool at a speed which is above the critical hardening speed. The hardened component is thus produced.
  • the component is first almost completely finished, possibly in a multi-stage forming process. This deformed component is then also heated to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature heated and optionally maintained at this temperature for a desired required time.
  • This heated component is then transferred and inserted into a molding tool which already has the dimensions of the component or the final dimensions of the component, possibly taking into account the thermal expansion of the preformed component. After the particularly cooled tool has been closed, the preformed component is thus only cooled in this tool at a speed above the critical hardening speed and is thereby hardened.
  • the direct method is somewhat easier to implement here, but only enables shapes that can actually be realized with a single forming step, i.e. relatively simple profile shapes.
  • the indirect process is somewhat more complex, but it is also able to implement more complex shapes.
  • Zinc As a corrosion protection layer, only aluminum or aluminum alloys, which are used to a minor extent, or the coatings on the basis of zinc, which are required much more frequently, come into question in automobile construction.
  • Zinc has the advantage that zinc not only provides a barrier protective layer like aluminum, but also cathodic corrosion protection.
  • zinc-coated, press-hardened components fit better into the overall corrosion protection concept of the vehicle bodies, since these are full in today's common design are galvanized. In this respect, contact corrosion can be reduced or eliminated.
  • the zinc-iron phase diagram shows that above 782 ° C there is a large area in which liquid zinc-iron phases occur as long as the iron content is low, in particular less than 60%. However, this is also the temperature range in which the austenitized steel is hot formed. However, it is also pointed out that if the forming takes place above 782 ° C, there is a high risk of stress corrosion due to liquid zinc, which presumably penetrates the grain boundaries of the base steel, which leads to macro cracks in the base steel. In addition, with iron contents less than 30% in the coating, the maximum temperature for forming a safe product without macro cracks is lower than 782 ° C. This is the reason why this is not a direct forming process, but rather an indirect forming process. This is intended to circumvent the problem described.
  • a method for hot forming a coated steel product wherein the steel material has a zinc or zinc alloy coating which is formed on the surface of the steel material and the steel base material with the coating is heated to a temperature of 700 ° C to 1000 ° C and is hot formed , wherein the coating has an oxide layer mainly composed of zinc oxide before the steel base material is heated with the zinc or zinc alloy layer, in order to then prevent the zinc from evaporating when heated.
  • a special procedure is provided for this.
  • a method for hot-forming a steel in which a component made from a given boron-manganese steel is heated to a temperature at the Ac 3 point or higher, is kept at this temperature and then the heated steel sheet is formed into the finished component, wherein the molded component is quenched by cooling from the molding temperature during molding or after molding in such a manner that the cooling rate to the M S point is at least equal to the critical cooling rate and that the average cooling rate of the molded component from the M S point to 200 ° C is in the range from 25 ° C / s to 150 ° C / s.
  • an oxide skin is formed on the surface of the corrosion protection coating from the oxygen-affine elements during heating, which protects the cathodic corrosion protection layer, in particular the zinc layer.
  • the thermal expansion of the component is taken into account in the process due to the scaling down of the component in terms of its final geometry, so that neither calibration nor reshaping is necessary during the form hardening.
  • From the EP 2 290 133 A1 is a process for producing a metallic coating that protects against corrosion Steel component by forming a flat steel product made of Mn steel, which is provided with a ZnNi alloy coating prior to forming the steel component.
  • the board is heated to a temperature of at least 800 ° C, after which it is coated with the ZiNi alloy coating.
  • a method for producing hardened components is known, here a method for producing a hardened steel component is disclosed which has a coating of zinc or a zinc alloy.
  • a blank is punched out of this sheet and the blank is heated to a temperature ⁇ Ac 3 and, if necessary, held at this temperature for a predetermined time in order to carry out the austenite formation and then transferred to a molding tool, shaped in this and in the Molding tool cooled at a speed that is above the critical hardening speed and thereby hardened.
  • the steel material used is set in such a way that the transformation is delayed such that quench hardening takes place by converting the austenite into martensite at a forming temperature which is in the range from 450 ° C to 700 ° C, but after heating for the purpose of austenitizing but before forming active cooling takes place, so that the board is cooled from an initial heat, which ensures austenitizing, to a temperature between 450 ° C to 700 ° C, so that despite the low temperatures, martensitic hardening takes place. This is to ensure that, as far as possible, no zinc melt comes into contact with austenite during the forming phase, i.e.
  • cooling can take place with air nozzles, but is not limited to air nozzles, but cooled tables or cooled presses can also be used.
  • the object of the invention is to further improve a method for cooling and in particular for intermediate cooling of a steel sheet for the purpose of forming and hardening.
  • cooling is ensured at temperatures of 20 ° C. to 900 ° C., which enables a maximum temperature fluctuation of 30 ° C. within one square meter.
  • the cooling media used are air gases, mixed gases but also water or other fluids. If only one of these fluids is mentioned below, this represents all of these fluids mentioned.
  • a surface to be cooled is moved in the X, Y or Z plane by means of robots or linear drives, any desired specification of the movement trajectories and speeds of the surfaces to be cooled being possible.
  • the oscillation around a rest position in the X and Y planes is preferred. Further oscillation in the Z plane (i.e. the height) is optional.
  • Cooling on one or both sides is also easily possible.
  • the cooling devices according to the invention have nozzles which are spaced apart from one another, the nozzles not only being spaced apart from one another but also being spaced apart from a box, carrier or other surfaces.
  • the cooling devices are designed accordingly so that the medium flowing out of the hot plate finds sufficient space and space between the nozzles and can be effectively removed between the nozzles, and thus no crossflow or cross flows occur on the surface to be cooled.
  • the gaps between the nozzles can be subjected to an additional cross flow in order to increase the cooling rate and thus effectively remove the cooling medium that flows from the hot plate, that is to say, by suction.
  • this cross-flow should not affect the cooling medium flowing from the nozzle to the plate, i.e. the free jet.
  • the cooling device can have cooling blades that extend away from a cooling box and have a row of nozzles at their free ends or free edges.
  • the cooling device can also be formed by individual cooling columns protruding from a carrier surface, these cooling columns each carrying at least one nozzle on their surface or tip pointing away from the carrier surface.
  • the cooling columns can have a cylindrical or other cross-section, wherein the cross-section of the cooling columns can also be adapted to desired cross flows and can be oval, flat, wing-like, polygonal or similar.
  • cooling swords are not continuous, but are formed interrupted or, in the case of cooling columns with a wide oval design, several nozzles emerge at one column tip.
  • the geometry of the nozzle openings or the outflow openings of the nozzles ranges from simple round geometries to complex geometrically defined designs.
  • the nozzles or rows of nozzles are preferably arranged offset from one another, so that the cooling columns or swords are also arranged offset from one another such that the nozzles form an offset or other pattern. This applies in particular to cooling on both sides for the arrangement of the nozzles or rows of nozzles on the top to those on the bottom.
  • the nozzles are preferably designed to be controllable in such a way that the flow through the nozzle can be limited and possibly even switched off.
  • a different cooling effect can also be achieved, for example, by the distance from the nozzle outlet opening to the surface to be cooled, e.g. B is set differently by different cooling column heights.
  • the advantage of this method lies in the constant flow per nozzle and thus in predictable flow conditions, since the flow resistance almost does not change due to the changes in height.
  • the flow pattern to be preferred follows a honeycomb-like structure on the surface to be cooled.
  • the cooling blade is a plate-like element which can additionally taper from a base to an outflow bar, at least one nozzle being introduced in the outflow bar.
  • the sword is hollow, so that the nozzle out of the hollow sword with a cooling fluid can be supplied.
  • the nozzles can be spatially spaced apart from one another with wedge-like elements, wherein the wedge-like elements can also narrow the space for the flowing fluid towards the nozzle.
  • a plurality of swords are preferably arranged next to one another, the swords being offset from one another.
  • the offset arrangement also results in cooling with offset points with respect to one another, the points cooling in a homogeneous manner and the fluid flowing out being sucked in and discharged into the area between two swords.
  • the element to be cooled e.g. B. a plate to be cooled, moved here, so that the movement of the plate on the one hand and the offset arrangement of the nozzles on the other hand ensures that the cooling fluid flows over all areas of the plate, so that homogeneous cooling is achieved.
  • the cooling device 1 has cooling devices 2, 15 which have nozzles 10 which are spaced apart from one another, the nozzles 10 not only being spaced apart from one another, but also spaced apart from a box 16, a carrier or other surfaces which carry the cooling devices 2, 15 are arranged.
  • the cooling devices 2, 15 are accordingly designed in such a way that the medium flowing off the hot plate finds sufficient space and space between the nozzles 10 and can virtually immerse between the nozzles and thus no crossflow or cross flows occur on the surface to be cooled.
  • the gaps between the nozzles 10 can be subjected to an additional transverse flow in order to increase the cooling rate and thus quasi suck off the cooling medium that flows out of the hot plate.
  • this cross-flow should not affect the cooling medium flowing from the nozzle to the plate, i.e. the free jet.
  • the cooling device 1 can have at least one cooling sword 2 as the cooling device 2, which extends from a cooling box 16 and has a row of nozzles 10 at its free ends or its free edge 6.
  • the cooling device can also be formed by individual cooling columns 15 protruding from a surface, these cooling columns 15 each carrying at least one nozzle 10 on their surface or tip 17 pointing away from the surface.
  • the cooling columns 15 can have a cylindrical or other cross section, the cross section of the cooling columns 15 can also be adapted to the desired cross flows and can be oval, flat, wing-like or similar.
  • cooling blades 2 are not continuous but are interrupted or, in the case of cooling columns 15 of wide oval design, several nozzles 10 emerge at a column tip.
  • Another conceivable alternative would be the connection of several cooling columns by baffles in order to enable the cross-flow to be influenced.
  • the geometry of the nozzle openings or the outflow openings of the nozzles ranges from simple round geometries to complex geometrically defined designs.
  • the nozzles 10 or rows of nozzles are preferably arranged offset from one another, so that the cooling columns 15 or swords 2 are also arranged offset from one another such that the nozzles 10 form an offset or other pattern.
  • An exemplary device according to the invention for cooling 1 has at least one cooling sword 2.
  • the cooling sword 2 is of elongated flap-like design and has a cooling sword base 3, two cooling sword broad sides 4 extending away from the cooling sword base, two cooling sword narrow sides 5, which connect the cooling sword broad sides, and a free nozzle edge 6.
  • the cooling sword 2 is hollow with a cooling sword cavity 7, the cavity being enclosed by the cooling sword broad sides 4, the cooling sword narrow sides 5 and the nozzle edge 6, the cooling sword at the base 3 being open.
  • the cooling sword base 3 With the cooling sword base 3, the cooling sword is inserted into a frame 8, wherein the frame 8 can be placed on a hollow fluid supply box 16.
  • a plurality of nozzles 10 or openings are introduced, which extend into the cavity 7 and thus allow fluid to flow out of the cavity to the outside through the nozzles 10.
  • Nozzle channels 11 extend from the nozzles 10 into the cavity 7, which spatially separate the nozzles 10 from one another at least in the region of the nozzle edge 6.
  • the cross-section of the nozzle channels 11 is preferably wedge-shaped, so that the nozzle channels or nozzles are separated from one another by wedge-shaped webs 12.
  • the nozzle channels are preferably designed such that they expand towards the cavity 7, so that an inflowing fluid is accelerated by the narrowing of the nozzle channels.
  • the cooling sword broad sides 4 can be designed to converge from the cooling sword base 3 towards the nozzle edge 6, so that the cavity 7 narrows towards the nozzle edge 6.
  • the narrow sides 5 of the cooling sword can be designed to be convergent or divergent.
  • cooling swords 2 which are arranged parallel to one another with respect to the broad sides, the cooling swords 2 being offset with respect to one another by half a nozzle spacing with respect to the spacing of the nozzles.
  • the nozzles 10 can also be designed to be oblong in alignment with the nozzle edge 6, but the nozzles 10 can also be round, oval in alignment with the nozzle edge 6 or oval across the nozzle edge, hexagonal, octagonal or polygonal .
  • nozzles 10 are also elongated in relation to the longitudinal extent of the nozzle edge, in particular oblong oval or oblong polygonal, there is a rotation of an emerging fluid jet ( Figures 10, 11 ), whereby a staggered arrangement by half a nozzle distance results in a cooling pattern on a plate-like body ( Figure 10 ), which is offset accordingly.
  • a plurality of projecting cooling columns 15 or cylinders 15 are arranged on the frame 8, each of which carries at least one nozzle 10 on its free outer tip 17 or surface 17.
  • This frame 8 is also in a cooler 16 ( Fig. 13 ) used so that fluid flowing into the cooling box 16 exits the respective cooling columns 15 and the nozzles 10.
  • the nozzles 10 are thus quasi isolated in this embodiment, the previously relating to the nozzles 10 and their geometry and with respect to the Nozzle channels 11 statements made also apply to this embodiment.
  • Suitable devices of this type are, for example, pins which have a cross section which corresponds to the cross section of the nozzle in the outlet region, the pins being able to be adapted to a shape of the nozzle channel 11, for example a conical shape.
  • the pins can be individually displaceable in such a way that they reduce the effective nozzle cross section or nozzle channel cross section when they are pushed into the nozzle channel and thus influence the gas flow and the flow rate.
  • the nozzle 10 When a pin is fully inserted, the nozzle 10 is preferably completely closed.
  • the pins of the nozzles 10 can be controlled individually, in rows, by swords or in some other way in groups, which makes it possible to form a certain flow profile in the cooling device in such a way that an object to be cooled is not cooled uniformly, but to different degrees.
  • screens or stencils with any desired configuration can also be provided for this, which ensure the desired flow profile on the object to be cooled.
  • a partial change in the length or height of the cooling blades or cooling column would also be conceivable to influence the cooling rate.
  • TWB tailor-welded blanks
  • TRB tailor-rolled blanks
  • TTB tailored heated blanks
  • the corresponding speed profile also gives a corresponding distribution ( Figure 15 ).
  • a cooling device 1 ( Figure 12 ) has z. B. two arrangements of cooling swords 2 or two rows of cooling columns 15 in a frame 8, wherein the frame 8 with corresponding fluid feeds 14 and in particular on the side facing away from the cooling swords 2 or cooling columns 15 are formed with a fluid box 16, in the pressurized Fluid is present, in particular through the supply of pressurized fluid.
  • a movement device 18 is provided, the movement device 18 being designed such that it can guide a body to be cooled between the opposing cooling sword arrangements in such a way that it points towards the cooling body can be cooling on both sides.
  • the transfer device between the furnace and press can be used, for example, by means of a robot or linear drive.
  • the body to be cooled does not have to be set down by the movement device or does not have to be gripped, ie the cooling takes place in the gripped state of the body to be cooled on the way from the furnace to the press.
  • the distances between the nozzle edges 6 to the body to be cooled are z. B. 5 mm to 250 mm.
  • the cooling pattern moves according to by a relative movement either of the device for cooling 1 to a body to be cooled or vice versa Figure 10 over the surface of the body to be cooled, the medium flowing off the hot body between the cooling blades 2 or cooling columns 15 having sufficient space to flow away and thus no crossflow occurring on the surface to be cooled.
  • the intermediate spaces can be acted upon with an additional transverse flow by means of appropriate fluid in order to suck off the medium flowing onto the hot body between the swords.
  • a conventional boron-manganese steel for example a 22MnB5 or 20MnB8, is used for use as a press-hardening steel material with regard to the transformation of austenite into other phases, in which the transformation shifts to deeper areas and martensite can be formed.
  • Steels of this alloy composition are therefore suitable for the invention (all figures in% by mass): C [%] Si [%] Mn [%] P [%] S [%] Al [%] Cr [%] Ti [%] B [%] N [%] 0.20 0.18 2.01 0.0062 0.001 0.054 0.03 0.032 0.0030 0.0041 Remainder iron and melting-related impurities, the alloying elements boron, manganese, carbon and optionally chromium and molybdenum being used in particular as retarding agents in such steels.
  • Figure 19 one recognizes a favorable temperature profile for an austenitized steel sheet, it being recognizable that after heating up to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature and bringing it into a cooling device, a certain cooling already takes place. This is followed by a quick intermediate cooling step.
  • the intermediate cooling step is advantageously carried out at cooling rates of at least 15 K / s, preferably at least 30 K / s, more preferably at least 50 K / s. Subsequently the board is transferred to the press and the forming and hardening is carried out.
  • the temperature adjustment is carried out in such a way that there are still differences in the temperatures of the (formerly) hot areas and the (formerly) colder areas, which do not exceed 75 ° C., in particular 50 ° C. in both directions).
  • the intermediate cooling is preferably carried out in such a way that the circuit board is brought into the cooling device and the gasses of the cooling swords flow homogeneously with a gaseous cooling medium and the mixture is cooled to a uniform, lower temperature.
  • the nozzles or the cooling blades are controlled in such a way and in particular the nozzles are controlled by means of the devices or pins such that only the hot areas reach at least the peritectic temperature of the zinc iron -Diagram are cooled and the remaining areas may flow less or not in order to equalize the temperature in the board. This ensures that a board that is homogeneous in terms of temperature is inserted into the forming and quenching device.
  • boards can be processed that are made of different sheets, i.e. Sheets of different steel grades or sheets of different thickness are formed.
  • a composite circuit board which is composed of different sheets of different thicknesses, will also have to be cooled differently, since a thicker sheet of the same temperature must be cooled more than a correspondingly thinner sheet.
  • a plate with different sheet thicknesses regardless of whether it is formed by sheet metal pieces of different thicknesses or welded together or by different roll thicknesses, can thus be rapidly and homogeneously intercooled with the device.
  • An advantage of the invention is that a homogeneous cooling of hot elements is possible, which is inexpensive and has a high variability with regard to the target temperature and possible throughput times.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a steel sheet blank can be very reliably intercooled over its entire area or in some areas and with high reliability and speed before it is inserted into a forming tool or a form hardening tool.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
EP16724376.5A 2015-05-29 2016-05-18 Verfahren zum kontaktlosen kühlen von stahlblechen und vorrichtung hierfür Active EP3303642B1 (de)

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DE102015108514.3A DE102015108514A1 (de) 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 Verfahren zum homogenen, kontaktlosen Kühlen von heißen, nicht endlosen Oberflächen und Vorrichtung hierfür
DE102015113056.4A DE102015113056B4 (de) 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Verfahren zum kontaktlosen Kühlen von Stahlblechen und Vorrichtung hierfür
PCT/EP2016/061101 WO2016192993A1 (de) 2015-05-29 2016-05-18 Verfahren zum kontaktlosen kühlen von stahlblechen und vorrichtung hierfür

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EP3303640B1 (de) 2020-07-15
KR20180014070A (ko) 2018-02-07
CA2987500A1 (en) 2016-12-08
WO2016192994A1 (de) 2016-12-08
JP2018532877A (ja) 2018-11-08
CN107922988A (zh) 2018-04-17
ES2781198T3 (es) 2020-08-31
CN107922988B (zh) 2019-12-17
KR20180014069A (ko) 2018-02-07
CN107922984A (zh) 2018-04-17
JP7028514B2 (ja) 2022-03-02
EP3303640A1 (de) 2018-04-11
MX2017015330A (es) 2018-08-28
ES2808779T3 (es) 2021-03-01
WO2016192993A1 (de) 2016-12-08
CN108136464A (zh) 2018-06-08
US10814367B2 (en) 2020-10-27
EP3303642A1 (de) 2018-04-11
CN108136464B (zh) 2020-08-28
KR20180012328A (ko) 2018-02-05
US20190076899A1 (en) 2019-03-14
EP3302837B1 (de) 2020-03-11
JP7141828B2 (ja) 2022-09-26
EP3302837A1 (de) 2018-04-11
US20180155803A1 (en) 2018-06-07
CN107922984B (zh) 2019-12-31
US20180245173A1 (en) 2018-08-30
WO2016192992A1 (de) 2016-12-08
CA2987500C (en) 2023-09-19
JP6908231B2 (ja) 2021-07-21
JP2018522138A (ja) 2018-08-09
JP2018524535A (ja) 2018-08-30
ES2781457T3 (es) 2020-09-02

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