EP2917787B1 - Mouvement d'horlogerie a balancier-spiral - Google Patents

Mouvement d'horlogerie a balancier-spiral Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2917787B1
EP2917787B1 EP13812065.4A EP13812065A EP2917787B1 EP 2917787 B1 EP2917787 B1 EP 2917787B1 EP 13812065 A EP13812065 A EP 13812065A EP 2917787 B1 EP2917787 B1 EP 2917787B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hairspring
stiffened portion
amplitude
stiffened
timepiece movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13812065.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2917787A2 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Luc Bucaille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Original Assignee
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Publication date
Application filed by Patek Philippe SA Geneve filed Critical Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Publication of EP2917787A2 publication Critical patent/EP2917787A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2917787B1 publication Critical patent/EP2917787B1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/26—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of the impulses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece movement comprising an oscillator of the sprung balance type and an escapement, more particularly such a movement the isochronism of which is improved.
  • isochronism is meant the variations in rate as a function of the amplitude of oscillation of the balance and as a function of the position of the watch.
  • the oscillator When mounted in a movement, the oscillator is disturbed by the escapement, which, in particular in the case of a Swiss lever escapement, induces a delay in operation. Indeed, during the release phase, the oscillator undergoes a resistive torque before the center line, which causes a delay. During the pulse phase, the oscillator experiences a motor torque first before the center line, which causes an advance, then after the center line, which causes a delay. Overall, the escapement thus produces a delay in motion and this disturbance caused by the escapement is greater at small amplitudes of oscillation of the balance than at large ones.
  • EP 1 445 670 A1 described, in the embodiment of the figure 6 , a hairspring comprising a stiffened portion on the outer turn and a stiffened portion on the inner turn.
  • this document shows a hairspring comprising an inner turn following a Grossmann curve.
  • CH 327 796 A describes a balance spring whose outer and lower turns have stiffened portions.
  • the present invention aims to further improve the isochronism of a timepiece movement and for this purpose proposes a timepiece movement as defined in independent claim 1 attached.
  • Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • the figure 1 shows a flat hairspring of the type described in the patent EP 1473604 , for a balance-spring oscillator of a clockwork movement.
  • This hairspring designated by the reference 1
  • This hairspring is in the form of an Archimedean spiral and is fixed by its inner end 2 to a ferrule 3 mounted on the balance shaft and by its outer end 4 to a stud (not shown) mounted on a fixed part of the movement such as the rooster.
  • the spiral assembly 1 - ferrule 3 can be made in one piece, in a crystalline material such as silicon or diamond, by a micro-etching technique.
  • the outer turn 5 of the hairspring 1 locally has a portion 6 of greater thickness e than the rest of the blade forming the hairspring.
  • This thickness e which can be variable along the portion 6 as shown, stiffens the portion 6 and thus makes it substantially inactive during the development of the hairspring.
  • the position and the extent of the stiffened portion 6 are chosen so that the center of deformation of the hairspring, corresponding substantially to the center of gravity of the part of the hairspring other than the stiffened portion 6, is substantially coincident with the center of rotation O of the hairspring.
  • balance spring and ferrule 3 which coincides with the geometric center of the balance spring. In this way, the development of the hairspring is concentric or almost concentric.
  • the stiffened portion 6 ends before the outer end 4 of the hairspring.
  • This outer end 4, more precisely an end part 7 of the outer turn 5 including the stiffened portion 6, is spaced radially outwardly relative to the path of the Archimedean spiral to ensure that the penultimate turn 8 remains. radially free, that is to say does not touch any element such as the pin, the outer coil or a racket pin, during the operation of the movement.
  • the distance between the end part 7 and the penultimate turn 8 must be greater than that of a traditional hairspring, because due to the concentric development of the hairspring, the penultimate coil 8 moves radially more towards the peak during the expansion of the hairspring.
  • the end part 7 is in the form of an arc of a circle with center C.
  • the angular extent ⁇ of the stiffened portion 6 and its angular position ⁇ are defined from this center C.
  • the thickness e is measured along a radius starting from this center C.
  • the hairspring has 14 turns plus a portion of a turn extending over 30 °, the values ⁇ and ⁇ are respectively equal to 85.9 ° and 72 ° and the maximum of the thickness e is equal to 88.7 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness e 0 of the blade forming the hairspring (measured along a radius starting from the center of rotation O of the hairspring), with the exception of the stiffened portion 6, is equal to 32.2 ⁇ m.
  • the figure 2 is an isochronism diagram obtained with the hairspring illustrated on figure 1 by digital simulation. More precisely, the diagram of the figure 2 is obtained by considering the fixed outer end 4 and the shaft on which the ferrule 3 and the free balance (that is to say not mounted in bearings) are fixed, by calculating by finite elements the displacement of the center of O rotation of the hairspring during the oscillations of the balance, then by interpolating and integrating the displacement curve as a function of the oscillation amplitude. Analytical equations relating the displacement of the center of rotation O of the hairspring to the rate as a function of the amplitude of oscillation of the balance are proposed for example in the work "Treaty of horological construction" by M. Vermot, P. Bovay, D.
  • the rate gradually decreases as the amplitude of oscillation decreases, this in all the positions of the watch, and there is also a rate difference between the various vertical positions.
  • a curve was interpolated and the rate difference between the oscillation amplitude of 150 ° and the oscillation amplitude of 300 ° was determined.
  • the average of the gait deviations in all the positions and all the movements was approximately 6.7 s / d between the said amplitudes. In other words, walking at 150 ° was on average about 6.7 s / d lower than walking at 300 °. This reduction in rate, or delay at small amplitudes compared to large amplitudes, is essentially due to the escapement.
  • the present inventor has observed that the reduction in the rate due to the escapement could, at least in part, be compensated by modifying the arrangement of the rigidified portion 6, namely for example its position ⁇ and / or its extent ⁇ and / or its thickness e, relative to the arrangement of the figure 1 which gives the spiral turns a perfect or almost perfect concentricity.
  • a parameter of the stiffened portion 6 having a particular influence on isochronism is its position ⁇ .
  • a travel advance is created at small amplitudes with respect to the large amplitudes of oscillation of the balance.
  • the figure 4 shows the new hairspring obtained, with its stiffened outer coil portion designated by the reference 6 '.
  • the displacement of the stiffened portion 6 naturally modifies the development of the hairspring, which is no longer so concentric. But, on the one hand, this modification is weak, the hairspring developing even more concentrically than a traditional hairspring (that is to say a hairspring without a stiffened portion), and, on the other hand, this modification contributes to improving the overall isochronism of the movement, the defect of concentricity created being used to compensate for another defect.
  • the isochronism curve 14 of the hairspring illustrated on figure 4 obtained by the same method as in figure 2 .
  • Another parameter of the stiffened portion 6 having an influence on isochronism is its thickness e.
  • a running advance is created at small amplitudes with respect to the large amplitudes of oscillation of the balance.
  • the figure 7 shows the hairspring obtained, with its stiffened outer coil portion designated by the reference 6 ", and the figure 8 shows the isochronism curve 17 corresponding to such a hairspring.
  • Yet another parameter of the stiffened portion having an influence on isochronism is its extent ⁇ .
  • the figure 9 shows the hairspring obtained, with its stiffened outer coil portion designated by the reference 6 ''', and the figure 10 shows the isochronism curve 19 corresponding to such a hairspring.
  • the figure 11 represents isochronism curves, designated by J1 to J5, of a hairspring whose outer coil comprises a stiffened portion arranged to compensate for the variation in rate due to the escapement, as described above.
  • Curve J1 represents the isochronism of the hairspring in a horizontal position, i.e.
  • the stiffened portion of the outer turn of the hairspring is arranged so that the hairspring produces a forward advance of 5.3 s / d at the amplitude of 150 ° with respect to the amplitude of 300 °.
  • the curves J2 to J5 represent the isochronism of the hairspring in the four vertical positions VG, VH, VB and VD respectively, and are obtained by taking into account both the non-concentric development of the hairspring and the effect of gravity, in in other words, by adding the variations in rate due to the non-concentric development of the hairspring and to gravity.
  • the operating difference between the vertical positions is 3.2 s / d at an oscillation amplitude of the balance of 250 °.
  • the hairspring corresponding to the isochronism curves J1 to J5 shown in figure 11 is shown at figure 12 . It includes 14 turns.
  • the angular extent and the angular position of its stiffened portion 9 are 60 ° and 75 ° respectively.
  • the radius R of its shell, or distance between the inner end of the hairspring and the center of rotation of said hairspring, measured in the same way as at the figure 1 is equal to 565 ⁇ m. It was found that by decreasing the radius R to a value R ', the distance between the vertical positions was reduced.
  • the radius R ' is advantageously chosen to be less than 400 ⁇ m.
  • the figure 14 represents the isochronism curves of a hairspring (illustrated on figure 13 ) similar to that of figure 12 but having a shell radius R 'equal to 300 ⁇ m (and a pitch and a coil thickness adapted accordingly).
  • the rate difference between the vertical positions at an amplitude of 250 ° is 1.1 s / d, therefore much less than the 3.2 s / d of the balance spring of the figure 12 .
  • the stiffened portion designated by 9 ', must be adapted.
  • the angular extent and the angular position of the stiffened portion 9 ' are thus 50 ° and 75 ° respectively.
  • Another way of reducing the distance between the vertical positions is to shape the inner turn of the hairspring according to a Grossmann curve or to stiffen a portion of the inner turn.
  • Such a modification of the inner coil can even be combined with the reduction of the radius R of the ferrule to further reduce the deviation of course.
  • the figure 15 shows a balance spring whose ferrule radius R 'is equal to 300 ⁇ m and whose inner coil 10 is shaped according to a Grossmann curve.
  • the rate difference between the vertical positions for this hairspring is only 0.6 s / d at an oscillation amplitude of 250 °.
  • a hairspring with a stiffened portion 11 on the inner coil as shown in figure 17 (the interior stiffened portion 11 having, like the exterior stiffened portion 9 ''', a greater thickness than the rest of the turns) will make it possible to obtain a path difference between the vertical positions of 0.6 s / d at an oscillation amplitude of 250 ° ( figure 18 ).
  • the stiffened portion 9 "of the outer coil is arranged so that the hairspring produces a forward advance due to the lack of concentricity of the development of the hairspring of 4.2 s / d between the amplitudes of 150 ° and 300 °, to compensate for a delay in walking due to the exhaust of the same order of magnitude.
  • the stiffened portion 9 '''of the outer coil is arranged so that the hairspring produces a forward advance due to the lack of concentricity of the development of the hairspring of 5.4 s / d between the amplitudes of 150 ° and 300 °, for compensate for a running delay due to the exhaust of the same order of magnitude.
  • the combination of a Grossmann curve or a stiffened inner coil portion with a small ferrule radius R ' is particularly advantageous, it should be noted that the Grossmann curve 10 or the stiffened inner coil portion 11 could also be used with a shell with a larger radius R. One could also combine a small shell radius R ', a Grossmann curve and a stiffened inner coil portion. In all cases, the stiffened outer coil portion may be arranged according to any one of the principles explained in relation to the figures 4 , 7 and 9 or according to a combination of these principles. Moreover, it goes without saying that one could apply said principles to a movement whose escapement would produce a forward movement instead of a backward movement. To compensate for such a forward advance, it would thus be possible, for example, to move the stiffened outer turn portion away from the outer end of the hairspring or increase the angular extent of the stiffened outer turn portion.
  • the balance springs described above are each intended to form part of an oscillator of a watch movement of the type of movement 12 illustrated in the form of a block diagram on the left. figure 19 .
  • the movement 12 comprises, in the traditional way, a driving member 13 such as a barrel, a gear 14, an escapement 15 and a display 17.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
EP13812065.4A 2012-11-07 2013-10-22 Mouvement d'horlogerie a balancier-spiral Active EP2917787B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH02282/12A CH707165B1 (fr) 2012-11-07 2012-11-07 Mouvement d'horlogerie à balancier-spiral.
PCT/IB2013/002355 WO2014072781A2 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-10-22 Mouvement d'horlogerie a balancier-spiral

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2917787A2 EP2917787A2 (fr) 2015-09-16
EP2917787B1 true EP2917787B1 (fr) 2020-08-19

Family

ID=49880836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13812065.4A Active EP2917787B1 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-10-22 Mouvement d'horlogerie a balancier-spiral

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9323223B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2917787B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6334548B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN104756019B (ja)
CH (1) CH707165B1 (ja)
HK (1) HK1208739A1 (ja)
SG (1) SG11201501727QA (ja)
WO (1) WO2014072781A2 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2985659B1 (fr) * 2014-03-05 2020-04-29 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Spiral destiné à être serré par une rondelle élastique
EP3159748B1 (fr) * 2015-10-22 2018-12-12 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiral a encombrement reduit a section variable
WO2017163148A1 (fr) 2016-03-23 2017-09-28 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Oscillateur balancier-spiral pour piece d'horlogerie
CN110308635B (zh) * 2018-03-20 2022-03-01 精工电子有限公司 复位弹簧、轮系机构、钟表用机芯和机械式钟表
EP3913441B1 (fr) 2020-05-22 2024-05-01 Patek Philippe SA Genève Oscillateur pour pièce d'horlogerie
JP7476768B2 (ja) * 2020-11-13 2024-05-01 セイコーエプソン株式会社 テンプ、ムーブメント、機械式時計およびテンプの製造方法
EP4293428A1 (fr) 2022-06-14 2023-12-20 Patek Philippe SA Genève Spiral pour résonateur horloger

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH327796A (fr) 1954-02-22 1958-02-15 Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag Spiral plat
EP1445670A1 (fr) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiral de résonateur balancier-spiral et son procédé de fabrication
DE60333076D1 (de) 2003-04-29 2010-08-05 Patek Philippe Sa Unruh- und fläche Spiralfederregulator für Uhrwerk
EP1612627B1 (fr) 2004-07-02 2009-05-06 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Spiral autocompensateur bi-matière
EP2151722B8 (fr) * 2008-07-29 2021-03-31 Rolex Sa Spiral pour résonateur balancier-spiral
CH701783B1 (fr) * 2009-09-07 2015-01-30 Manuf Et Fabrique De Montres Et Chronomètres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle S A Ressort spiral de mouvement de montre.
CH701846B8 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2015-06-15 Rolex Sa Spiral plat pour balancier d'horlogerie et ensemble balancier-spiral.
DE102009048733A1 (de) 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Konrad Damasko Spiralfeder für mechanische Schwingungssysteme von Uhren
EP2687917A3 (en) * 2012-07-17 2018-01-24 Master Dynamic Limited Hairspring for a timepiece and hairspring design for concentricity

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014072781A3 (fr) 2014-06-26
CN104756019A (zh) 2015-07-01
SG11201501727QA (en) 2015-04-29
JP6334548B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
WO2014072781A2 (fr) 2014-05-15
CH707165A2 (fr) 2014-05-15
EP2917787A2 (fr) 2015-09-16
US20150248113A1 (en) 2015-09-03
JP2015533423A (ja) 2015-11-24
CH707165B1 (fr) 2016-12-30
CN104756019B (zh) 2017-08-04
US9323223B2 (en) 2016-04-26
HK1208739A1 (en) 2016-03-11

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