EP2765264B1 - Electronic lock - Google Patents

Electronic lock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2765264B1
EP2765264B1 EP14152773.9A EP14152773A EP2765264B1 EP 2765264 B1 EP2765264 B1 EP 2765264B1 EP 14152773 A EP14152773 A EP 14152773A EP 2765264 B1 EP2765264 B1 EP 2765264B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
spring
channel
latch
lock
Prior art date
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EP14152773.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2765264A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Marchal
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Cogelec SAS
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Cogelec SAS
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B15/00Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
    • E05B15/04Spring arrangements in locks
    • E05B2015/0493Overcenter springs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • E05B2047/0057Feeding
    • E05B2047/0062Feeding by generator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic lock intended to be controlled by a key comprising electronic means for controlling the unlocking of the lock.
  • Electronic locks include an electronic access control circuit that must be powered to operate. For practical reasons, these locks must not be connected to an electricity distribution network. They must also not be powered from batteries as this implies that it will be necessary to replace these batteries from time to time.
  • the different devices described in the application EP1 808 816 impose to have a mechanical key having a particular structure.
  • the various devices described in this application ensure that the user exerts a force of insertion of the key greater than a minimum threshold but do not guarantee that the recovered energy will be greater than a predetermined threshold. For example, nothing prevents the user from starting to insert the key and then finishing his insertion movement very slowly. During the slow movement of the key, the electrical energy produced is insufficient to operate the lock correctly.
  • the invention aims to remedy at least one of these disadvantages. It therefore relates to an electronic lock according to claim 1.
  • the difference ⁇ E P is independent of the force of the user or the speed of the key in the channel. Therefore, by triggering the transformation of this difference ⁇ E P of potential energy into electrical energy only when the spring has reached its constrained state, that is to say when the cleat has passed its distal position, we are sure that the amount of electrical energy produced is greater than a predetermined threshold. Therefore, regardless of the strength of the user and how to introduce the key into the channel, it is possible to ensure that the amount of electrical energy generated exceeds this predetermined threshold.
  • This predetermined threshold is easy to adjust by adjusting the stiffness of the spring. For example, it can be set to ensure that the amount of electrical energy generated will be sufficient to power the electronic access control circuit.
  • a trigger rotated by the cleat comprising an eccentric pin attached to one end of the spring and particularly simple and robust and allows to always rotate in the same direction the generator shaft.
  • Embodiments of this electronic lock may include one or more of the features of the dependent claims.
  • the figure 1 represents a barrel 2 of a double barrel lock, the other barrel is not shown in this figure.
  • this lock is identical to that described in the application EP2412901 filed in the name of the company COGELEC® except that it also includes an energy recovery device described in more detail with reference to figures 2 and following.
  • This barrel 2 extends in depth along a direction Z perpendicular to horizontal and vertical directions, respectively X and Y. In the remainder of the description, the terms “lower”, “upper”, “above” and “below” are defined with reference to the vertical direction Y.
  • the two barrels are housed in a conventional manner in a door (not shown) and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the average plane P of the door.
  • the two barrels are positioned and connected in a conventional manner to one another by a connecting rod (not shown) which has in its middle a bulge serving as a spacer to maintain a predefined spacing between the two barrels.
  • a connecting rod (not shown) which has in its middle a bulge serving as a spacer to maintain a predefined spacing between the two barrels.
  • a bit (not shown) which can be rotated by a rotor 4 of one or the other of the two barrels when an appropriate key, for example a key 5 is introduced into a channel 6 of the rotor 4 and manually rotated by a user.
  • key 5 and channel 6 are shown extending substantially parallel to the XZ plane.
  • the key and the channel 6 extend substantially parallel to the YZ plane so that it is the lower horizontal slice of the key 5 which cooperates with rotor pins.
  • the bit When rotated by the key 5 and the rotor 4, the bit controls a conventional lock mechanism (not shown) which causes the displacement of at least one bolt of the lock in a direction allowing the opening of the lock. door or in a direction prohibiting the opening of the door according to the direction of rotation of the key 5.
  • a conventional lock mechanism (not shown) which causes the displacement of at least one bolt of the lock in a direction allowing the opening of the lock. door or in a direction prohibiting the opening of the door according to the direction of rotation of the key 5.
  • the rotor 4 of the barrel 2 is rotatably mounted in a profiled stator 7.
  • the stator 7 is itself housed in an outer sheath 8 having the same profile.
  • the stator 7 has a standardized profile, called "European”. Still in the example, the axis of rotation of the rotor 4 is parallel to the direction Z.
  • the barrel 2 conventionally comprises several pairs of stator and rotor pins, which are arranged in pairs, end to end, in corresponding pairs of aligned housings respectively formed in the stator 7 and in the rotor 4. arrangement of the rotor and stator pins is well known, this one has not been shown to simplify the figure 1 .
  • these pairs of stator and rotor pins are described in the application US2004 / 0089039 .
  • the key 5, which has for example a substantially rectangular cross section, has on at least one of its two large faces, preferably on its two large faces, indentations and / or reliefs which cooperate with the rotor pins.
  • the imprints and / or the reliefs are consistent and the lengths rotor pins are chosen such that, if a good key 5 is inserted into the channel 6 of the rotor 4, the interface between each rotor pin and the associated stator pin is exactly at the interface between the rotor 4 and the stator 7. Under these conditions, the rotor 4 can be rotated manually using the key 5, provided that an electric locking mechanism 9 allows this rotation.
  • the barrel 2 comprises an additional locking member 10 for preventing the rotor 4 from rotating as a suitable digital code contained in a memory (not shown) housed in the key 5 has not been introduced into a circuit 12 housed in the barrel 2.
  • the circuit 12 is disposed outside the barrel 2 to simplify the drawings.
  • This circuit 12 when it receives the appropriate code, generates an electric unlock command. For example, it controls the mechanism 9 to enable the unlocking of the rotor 4.
  • the code is transmitted from the key 5 to the electronic circuit 12 of the lock via radio relay or via electrical contacts.
  • the key 5 is equipped with a transponder and the circuit 12 is equipped with a transponder reader.
  • the digital code contained in the memory of the key 5 is transmitted to the circuit 12.
  • the circuit 12 compares the transmitted code with at least one prerecorded code in a memory. In case of agreement between the two codes, the circuit 12 generates the electric unlocking command of the mechanism 9.
  • the additional locking member 10 is a stator pin which cooperates with a corresponding rotor pin 18 so that if the correct key is inserted into the channel 6, the interface between these two pins is exactly at the interface of the stator 7 and the rotor 4.
  • the locking member 10 is extended by a conical stud 20, with rounded apex, which is engaged in a corresponding frustoconical recess 22 formed in the rotor pin 18.
  • the member 10 is movable between a locking position (represented on the figure 1 ) in which it is engaged with the rotor 4 to block its rotation and a retracted position in which it releases the rotation of the rotor 4.
  • the member 10 is slidably mounted in a cylindrical housing 24 which is formed in the stator 7 and which is aligned axially with a housing 26 in the rotor 4 in which slides the pin 18 of the rotor.
  • the member 10 further comprises a transverse bar 28 which is formed integrally with the member 10 at the lower end thereof. One end of the bar 28 is shaped to form a heel 29.
  • the two sides of the bar 28 are engaged and guided in slots (not shown) formed in the wall of the housing 24. These slots prevent the locking member 10 from rotating when it moves in the cylindrical housing 24.
  • the lock comprises a device 30 for energy recovery housed inside the barrel 2.
  • the device 30 is shown outside the barrel 2 in this figure. This device 30 is able to produce the amount of electrical energy necessary to supply the mechanism 9 and the electronic circuit 12 from the translational movement of the key 5 when it is inserted inside the channel 6. Here, the necessary electrical energy is produced even before the key 5 has begun to rotate inside the stator 7.
  • the device 30 will now be described in more detail with reference to the figure 2 .
  • one end of the spring 40 is fixed to an immovable anchor point 46 integral with the stator 7.
  • the opposite end of the spring 40 is fixed to a movable pin 44.
  • the pin 44 is a solid cylinder. extending parallel to direction X.
  • the spring 40 is a coil spring. In its constrained state, the spring 40 is tighter than in its relaxed state. The stiffness of this spring 40 is constant or as described in more detail with reference to the figure 8 .
  • the generator 42 converts a mechanical rotational movement into electrical energy used by the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.
  • it comprises a shaft 48 on which is fixed, without any degree of freedom, a toothed wheel 50.
  • a flywheel 52 is also fixed without any degree of freedom on the shaft 48. This flywheel 52 makes it possible to increase the inertia of the shaft 48 and thus to prolong its rotation after the stopping of its rotation drive by the spring 40.
  • the generator 42 also comprises an alternator 54 mechanically connected to the shaft 48 to transform the rotation of the shaft 48 into electrical energy supplying the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.
  • the alternator 54 is a permanent magnet machine such as that described in the application EP1 808 816 .
  • the device 30 To move the spring 40 from the relaxed state to the constrained state, the device 30 includes a latch 60 and a trigger 62.
  • the bottom of the channel is the end of the channel 6 opposite its opening in the direction Z.
  • the cleat 60 projects inside the channel 6 so that the distal end of the key 5 comes directly on this latch 60 when it is inserted into the channel 6.
  • the The distal end of the key 5 is flat and extends essentially in the vertical plane XY.
  • the cleat 60 is a solid cylinder extending parallel to the direction X. In this embodiment, it is mechanically connected without any degree of freedom to the pin 44.
  • the trigger 62 is shaped to automatically switch from the locked state to the unlocked state when the latch 60 reaches its distal position and without consuming any electrical energy.
  • the trigger 62 is a mechanical part which connects the cleat 60 to the pin 44 without any degree of freedom.
  • This trigger 62 is rotatably mounted about an axis 66 extending parallel to the direction X.
  • the axis 66 is integral. of the stator 7 and located below the channel 6. Under these conditions, the trajectory of the cleat 60 between its proximal position and its distal position inside the channel 6 is a circular arc.
  • the pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the trigger 62. It is closer to the axis 66 than the cleat 60.
  • the pin 44 is eccentric with respect to the axis 66 so that a rotational movement of the trigger 62 stretches the spring 40, which makes it move from its relaxed state to its forced state.
  • the trigger 62 is in the locked state only during the translation of the key 5 in the channel 6 between the proximal and distal positions of the cleat 60.
  • the cleat 60 bears on the distal end of the key 5.
  • the trigger 62 is shaped so that the restoring force of the spring 40 permanently urges the stopper 60 against the distal end of the key 5 when the stopper moves from its proximal position towards its distal position.
  • the axis 66 is positioned so that the pin 44 is above a plane 67 (see Figures 5 and 6 ) passing through the axis 66 and the anchoring point 46 as the latch 60 moves from its proximal position to its distal position.
  • the position of the axis 66 is chosen so that the pin 44 passes through this plane 67 at the moment the cleat 60 reaches its distal position. As soon as the stopper 60 exceeds the distal position, the pin 44 passes under the plane 67.
  • an automatic passage of the trigger 62 is thus obtained from its locked state to its unlocked state when the stopper 60 reaches its distal position. .
  • the spring In the unlocked position of the trigger 62, the spring returns from its forced state to its relaxed state independently of the movement of the key 5. This thus releases the potential energy difference between these two states in the form of kinetic energy. that is to say here in the form of a rotational movement of the trigger 62.
  • the trigger 62 has a serrated wheel sector 68 adapted to mesh with the wheel 50 only in the unlocked state.
  • the serrated sector 68 is here small enough to automatically disengage the toothed wheel 50 before the trigger 62 stops. With this, the shaft 48 can continue to rotate under the effect of its inertia and that of the steering wheel 52 and the road 50 even after the trigger 62 is immobilized.
  • the serrated sector 68 extends from the latch 60 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the trigger 62 on an angular sector less than 220 ° or 200 ° and, preferably, less than 180 °.
  • the angle at the apex of this angular sector is located on the axis 66.
  • This angular sector is integral with the trigger 62.
  • the teeth or notches of the notched sector have not been represented on these figures.
  • the trigger 62 comprises only a portion of a hub 70 inside which the shaft 66 is mounted.
  • the thickness of this hub 70 is small enough that it never protrudes inside channel 6.
  • the trigger 62 does not interfere with the rotation of the rotor 4, if a key authorized to unlock the lock 2 is inserted into the channel 6.
  • the cleat 60 is in its proximal position projecting inside the channel 6.
  • a user enters the key 5 inside the channel 6 by pushing it in the direction of insertion I parallel to the direction Z.
  • the distal end of this key then bears directly on the cleat 60 ( figure 4 ).
  • a step 82 the user continues to push the key 5 inside the channel 6 in the direction of insertion I. This moves the cleat 60 from its proximal position to its distal position ( figure 5 ). During this movement, since the pin 44 is located above the plane 67, the restoring force exerted by the spring 40 keeps the latch 60 bearing on the distal end of the key 5. The trigger 62 is therefore in its locked state. Therefore, it rotates clockwise at the same time that the user depresses the key 5. This movement of the trigger 62 moves the spring 40 from its relaxed state to its forced state.
  • a step 84 the latch 60 reaches its distal position.
  • the spring 40 reaches its constrained state.
  • the spring 40 is dimensioned to be sure that the difference ⁇ E P between the potential energies stored in the relaxed and constrained states is sufficient to supply the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.
  • step 84 the pin 44 is in the plane 67.
  • a step 86 the pin 44 passes the plane 67.
  • the restoring force of the spring 40 then turns the trigger 62 clockwise.
  • the catch 60 is detached from the distal end of the key 5 and returns, by turning clockwise, towards its proximal position ( figure 6 ).
  • the difference ⁇ E P of potential energies stored in the spring 40 is released as kinetic energy.
  • the serrated sector 68 engages, here meshes, with the toothed wheel 50.
  • the kinetic energy of the trigger 62 is transmitted to the shaft 48 which is rotated.
  • the cleat 60 abuts against the lower horizontal edge of the key 5 ( figure 7 ).
  • the rotational movement of the trigger 62 stops and it stops.
  • the serrated sector 68 disengages, here disengages from the toothed wheel 50.
  • the alternator 54 transforms this rotation into electrical energy.
  • step 94 the electrical energy produced by the generator 42 is consumed by the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9 to allow and alternately prohibit the unlocking of the lock 2.
  • step 94 is performed after step 92, the electrical energy produced during step 92 is first stored, for example in a capacitor, to be then restored to the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9 .
  • step 96 the user removes the key 5.
  • the spring 40 then brings the cleat 60 back to the proximal position and the process returns to step 78.
  • a prototype of the device 30 described here showed that it was possible to recover 30 mj in 100 ms and that the rotation speed of the shaft 48 was greater than 11000 rpm during these 100 ms.
  • the curve 100 of the graph of the figure 8 represents an example of restoring force exerted by a spring with constant restoring force on the key 5 during its insertion into the channel 6.
  • this spring is a spring whose stiffness varies non-linearly so that the restoring force exerted by this spring on the key 5 is constant to plus or minus 20% or more or less 10% between the proximal and distal positions of the catch 60.
  • the abscissa represents the displacement in millimeters of the key 5 and the ordinate axis represents the force exerted by the cleat 60 on the distal end of the key 5 in Newton.
  • the force exerted on the key is about 7 N.
  • This embodiment of the spring has the advantage of maximizing the amount of energy that can be recovered by the device 30.
  • the trigger 112 comprises two movable parts 114 and 116.
  • the cleat 60 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the mobile part 114.
  • the pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the movable part 116.
  • the portion 114 is for example slidably mounted inside a slideway 118.
  • the upper end of this portion 114 carries the catch 60 while the lower end of this portion 114 carries a movable stopper 120.
  • the slideway 118 is formed in the stator 7. It extends parallel to the channel 6 from the proximal position to the distal position of the stopper 60. At the distal position, the slideway 118 rises towards the channel 6. Thus, the stop 120 moves parallel to the channel 6 from the proximal position to the distal position and then rises when the distal position is reached.
  • the abutment 120 moves at the same time as the catch 60 when it is pushed by the distal end of the key 5.
  • the portion 116 includes a lever arm 122 which pivots about a fixed axis 124. This axis 124 is fixed without any degree of freedom in the stator 7.
  • the upper end of the lever arm 122 ends with a movable unidirectional stop 126 opposite the movable stop 120. An embodiment of the stop 126 is described in more detail with reference to FIG. figure 10 .
  • the unidirectional stop 126 is pushed by the movable stop 120 in the direction I during the insertion of the key 5 in the channel 6 until the stopper 60 reaches its distal position. At the distal position, the rise of the stop 120 allows the stop 126 to pass under the stop 120. The trigger 112 thus automatically switches from its locked state to its unlocked state.
  • the pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the portion 116.
  • This portion 116 also comprises a notched sector 128 fixed without any degree of freedom on the arm 122.
  • the restoring force of the spring 40 is exerted on the arm 122 of in order to constantly urge it to rotate counter-clockwise.
  • the notched sector 128 meshes with the toothed wheel 50 when the trigger 112 is in its unlocked state.
  • the toothed sector 128 is short enough to disengage from the toothed wheel 50 before or at the same time as the movable stop 126 reaches the proximal position.
  • the position of the arm 122 in the proximal position is shown in dotted lines.
  • a return spring is provided to return the movable portion 114 to the proximal position when the user removes the key 5 and to automatically reset the trigger 112 to its locked state.
  • the operation of the device 110 is deduced from the explanations above and from the operation of the device 30.
  • the blade 140 is rotatable about an axis 142 fixed without any degree of freedom on the arm 122.
  • a spout 144 is also attached without any degree of freedom on the arm 122 to prevent the blade 140 from rotating in clockwise when in its active position.
  • a return means constantly urges the blade 140 to its active position. Therefore, when the movable stop 120 pushes the stop 126 in the direction I, the blade 140 is locked in its active position by the nose 144. Conversely, if the movable stop 120 pushes the stop 126 in the opposite direction to the direction I, the blade 140 rotates from its active position to its retracted position against the restoring force of the return means. The stop 126 therefore passes the stop 120. Once the stop 120 is passed, the blade automatically returns to its active position under the effect of the restoring force.
  • the rotor 4 is omitted if the unlocking of the lock is only allowed and, in alternation inhibited by the electronic circuit, and that no mechanical locking / unlocking is used.
  • the displacement of the cleat is not necessarily in an arc inside the channel 6. It may be a horizontal translation along the Z direction. It may also be a parallel vertical displacement In this case, for example, the distal end of the key 5 terminates in an inclined plane which allows the cleat 60 to be displaced vertically.
  • the latch 60 can be in direct contact with the key 5 or not.
  • the channel 6 has an intermediate piece interposed between the distal end of the key and the latch 60 in the locked position.
  • This intermediate piece is mounted in translation along the Z direction and moved by the distal end. When it moves towards the bottom of the channel 6 it pushes the cleat 60.
  • this intermediate piece is shaped to obstruct the cross section of the channel 6 and thus prevent that one can simply access the cleat 60 from the opening of the canal.
  • Cleat 60 may also be moved between its proximal and distal positions by a relief or recess on a side face of the key.
  • the spring 40 may be replaced by a gas spring. It can also be replaced by a spring blade and, preferably, a spring blade has two stable states. Typically, the ends of a leaf spring to two stable states are anchored at fixed points. In one of these stable states, the leaf spring is curved in one direction and the other of these stable states, the blade is curved in the other direction. It passes abruptly from one of its stable states to the other.
  • the alternator 54 can be replaced by a dynamoelectric machine.
  • the alternator 54 can also be replaced by a piezoelectric element, for example a piezoelectric plate driven by vibration or by any other means.
  • the flywheel 52 can be omitted.
  • the notched sector of the trigger remains permanently meshed with the wheel 50.
  • the drive of the wheel 50 rotated by the trigger can be performed differently.
  • a transmission belt is used to transmit the rotational movement of the trigger 62 to the shaft 48. This motion transmission can then be performed without gearing.
  • the toothed wheel sector 68 may be replaced by a friction wheel sector without detents so that engagement of the wheel sector with the shaft 48 is by friction.
  • the wheel 50 is replaced by a friction wheel.
  • the position corresponding to the one where the sector 68 is meshed with the wheel 50 is called “engaged position” and the position corresponding to that where the sector 68 is differentiationengrené of the wheel 50 is called “disengaged position”.
  • the device 30 or 110 may be used to supply electricity to only one of the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.
  • the device 30 or 110 may also be used in addition to another source of electrical energy.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une serrure électronique destinée à être commandée par une clef comportant des moyens électroniques pour commander le déverrouillage de la serrure.The invention relates to an electronic lock intended to be controlled by a key comprising electronic means for controlling the unlocking of the lock.

Les serrures électroniques comportent un circuit électronique de contrôle d'accès qui doit être alimenté pour fonctionner. Pour des raisons pratiques, ces serrures ne doivent pas être raccordées à un réseau de distribution d'électricité. Elles ne doivent pas non plus être alimentées à partir de piles car cela implique qu'il faudra de temps en temps procéder au remplacement de ces piles.Electronic locks include an electronic access control circuit that must be powered to operate. For practical reasons, these locks must not be connected to an electricity distribution network. They must also not be powered from batteries as this implies that it will be necessary to replace these batteries from time to time.

Il a donc été proposé d'équiper ces serrures électroniques de dispositifs de récupération d'énergie propres à alimenter le circuit électronique à partir d'une énergie librement disponible dans le milieu ambiant.It has therefore been proposed to equip these electronic locks of energy recovery devices adapted to supply the electronic circuit from a freely available energy in the environment.

Plus précisément, il a été proposé des dispositifs de récupération d'énergie qui transforment le mouvement de rotation de la clef dans la serrure en énergie électrique. Toutefois, ces serrures électriques posent des problèmes car l'énergie électrique n'est disponible qu'à partir du moment où l'on commence à tourner la clef. Or, dans certaines serrures, c'est le circuit électronique qui autorise et, en alternance, interdit la rotation de la clef pour ouvrir la serrure. Pour ces serrures, il faut donc un dispositif qui récupère de l'énergie électrique avant la mise en rotation de la clef.More specifically, it has been proposed energy recovery devices that turn the rotational movement of the key in the lock into electrical energy. However, these electric locks are problematic because the electrical energy is available only when you start to turn the key. However, in some locks, it is the electronic circuit that allows and, alternately, prohibits the rotation of the key to open the lock. For these locks, there must be a device that recovers electrical energy before the rotation of the key.

Pour cela, dans la demande EP1 808 816 , il a été proposé de récupérer de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement de translation de la clef lorsque celle-ci est introduite dans la serrure.For this, in the application EP1 808 816 it has been proposed to recover electrical energy from the translational movement of the key when it is inserted into the lock.

Les différents dispositifs décrits dans la demande EP1 808 816 imposent d'avoir une clef mécanique ayant une structure particulière. De plus, les différents dispositifs décrits dans cette demande garantissent que l'utilisateur exerce une force d'insertion de la clef supérieure à un seuil minimum mais ne garantissent pas que l'énergie récupérée sera supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé. Par exemple, rien n'empêche l'utilisateur de commencer à insérer la clef puis de terminer son mouvement d'insertion très lentement. Lors du déplacement lent de la clef, l'énergie électrique produite est insuffisante pour faire fonctionner correctement la serrure.The different devices described in the application EP1 808 816 impose to have a mechanical key having a particular structure. In addition, the various devices described in this application ensure that the user exerts a force of insertion of the key greater than a minimum threshold but do not guarantee that the recovered energy will be greater than a predetermined threshold. For example, nothing prevents the user from starting to insert the key and then finishing his insertion movement very slowly. During the slow movement of the key, the electrical energy produced is insufficient to operate the lock correctly.

De l'état de la technique est également connu de :

  • WO99/18310A1 ,
  • FR1321583A ,
  • FR2500520A1 .
From the state of the art is also known from:
  • WO99 / 18310A1 ,
  • FR1321583A ,
  • FR2500520A1 .

L'invention vise à remédier à au moins l'un de ces inconvénients. Elle a donc pour objet une serrure électronique conforme à la revendication 1.The invention aims to remedy at least one of these disadvantages. It therefore relates to an electronic lock according to claim 1.

Grâce à la présence de la gâchette déplaçable le long du canal par la clef, il suffit simplement que la clef soit apte à pousser le taquet entre ses positions proximale et distale pour que la serrure fonctionne correctement. Aucune autre contrainte n'est imposée sur les faces latérales de la clef et, en particulier, sur la conformation de ses flancs. Ainsi, cela laisse un grand nombre de possibilités pour conformer la clef comme souhaitée. En particulier, cela permet de réaliser un grand nombre de clefs différentes les unes des autres par la présence d'empreintes et/ou de reliefs destinés à coopérer avec des goupilles de rotor correspondantes pour déverrouiller mécaniquement la serrure.Thanks to the presence of the trigger movable along the channel by the key, it suffices simply that the key is able to push the cleat between its proximal and distal positions for the lock to function properly. No other stress is imposed on the lateral faces of the key and, in particular, on the conformation of its flanks. Thus, this leaves a large number of possibilities to conform the key as desired. In particular, it allows to make a large number of keys different from each other by the presence of fingerprints and / or reliefs intended to cooperate with corresponding rotor pins to mechanically unlock the lock.

De plus, dans la serrure ci-dessus, lors de l'introduction de la clef, la clef déplace le taquet qui déforme le ressort. Ainsi, à chaque instant, la force exercée par l'utilisateur pour introduire la clef à l'intérieur du canal dépend uniquement de la raideur K du ressort et de la position z de la clef à l'intérieur du canal. La force F exercée par l'utilisateur est donnée par la relation suivante F = K*z. Par conséquent, la différence ΔEP entre l'énergie potentielle stockée dans le ressort dans son état contraint et celle stockée dans son état relâché, est donnée par la relation suivante : Δ E p = zmin zmax K * zdz

Figure imgb0001
zmin et zmax sont, respectivement, les coordonnées des positions proximale et distale sur un axe parallèle au canal.In addition, in the lock above, when the key is inserted, the key moves the cleat which deforms the spring. Thus, at every moment, the force exerted by the user to introduce the key inside the channel depends solely on the stiffness K of the spring and the z position of the key inside the channel. The force F exerted by the user is given by the following relation F = K * z. Consequently, the difference ΔE P between the potential energy stored in the spring in its constrained state and that stored in its relaxed state, is given by the following relation: Δ E p = zmin zmax K * ZDZ
Figure imgb0001
where zmin and zmax are, respectively, the coordinates of the proximal and distal positions on an axis parallel to the channel.

La différence ΔEP est indépendante de la force de l'utilisateur ou de la vitesse de la clef dans le canal. Dès lors, en déclenchant la transformation de cette différence ΔEP d'énergie potentielle en énergie électrique uniquement lorsque le ressort a atteint son état contraint, c'est-à-dire lorsque le taquet a franchi sa position distale, on est sûr que la quantité d'énergie électrique produite est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé. Par conséquent, quelle que soit la force de l'utilisateur et la façon d'introduire la clef dans le canal, il est possible de garantir que la quantité d'énergie électrique générée dépasse ce seuil prédéterminé. Ce seuil prédéterminé est facile à régler en jouant sur la raideur du ressort. Par exemple, il peut être réglé pour garantir que la quantité d'énergie électrique produite sera suffisante pour alimenter le circuit électronique de contrôle d'accès.The difference ΔE P is independent of the force of the user or the speed of the key in the channel. Therefore, by triggering the transformation of this difference ΔE P of potential energy into electrical energy only when the spring has reached its constrained state, that is to say when the cleat has passed its distal position, we are sure that the amount of electrical energy produced is greater than a predetermined threshold. Therefore, regardless of the strength of the user and how to introduce the key into the channel, it is possible to ensure that the amount of electrical energy generated exceeds this predetermined threshold. This predetermined threshold is easy to adjust by adjusting the stiffness of the spring. For example, it can be set to ensure that the amount of electrical energy generated will be sufficient to power the electronic access control circuit.

Enfin, l'utilisation d'une gâchette entraînée en rotation par le taquet comportant un pion excentré fixé à une extrémité du ressort et particulièrement simple et robuste et permet de toujours faire tourner dans le même sens l'arbre du générateur.Finally, the use of a trigger rotated by the cleat comprising an eccentric pin attached to one end of the spring and particularly simple and robust and allows to always rotate in the same direction the generator shaft.

Les modes de réalisation de cette serrure électronique peuvent comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications dépendantes.Embodiments of this electronic lock may include one or more of the features of the dependent claims.

Ces modes de réalisation de la serrure électronique présentent en outre les avantages suivants :

  • utiliser un secteur de roue qui s'engage avec l'arbre du générateur uniquement lorsque l'énergie potentielle du ressort est libérée rend la serrure plus robuste puisque l'arbre est mécaniquement isolé des mouvements de la clef tant que le taquet n'a pas atteint la position distale ;
  • passer automatiquement dans la position désengagée avant que le secteur de roue ne s'immobilise permet d'augmenter la quantité d'énergie récupérée puisque l'arbre est apte à poursuivre sa rotation sur sa lancée indépendamment de celle du secteur de roue ;
  • limiter le secteur angulaire dans lequel se trouve le secteur de roue à moins de 220° ou 180° limite l'encombrement de la gâchette sans pour autant réduire la quantité d'énergie électrique produite ;
  • l'utilisation d'un secteur de roue sur lequel sont montés sans degré de liberté le pion et le taquet simplifie la réalisation de la gâchette ;
  • l'utilisation d'un ressort à force de rappel constante permet d'augmenter la quantité d'énergie électrique produite ;
  • l'utilisation d'une paire de goupilles de stator et de rotor permet d'avoir un déverrouillage mécanique en plus du déverrouillage électronique de la serrure.
These embodiments of the electronic lock also have the following advantages:
  • use a wheel sector that engages with the generator shaft only when the potential energy of the spring is released makes the lock more robust since the shaft is mechanically isolated from the movements of the key as long as the cleat has not reached the distal position;
  • automatically switching to the disengaged position before the wheel sector stops comes to increase the amount of energy recovered since the shaft is able to continue rotating its pitch independently of that of the wheel sector;
  • limiting the angular sector in which the wheel sector is located to less than 220 ° or 180 ° limits the size of the trigger without reducing the amount of electrical energy produced;
  • the use of a wheel sector on which are mounted without degree of freedom the pin and the cleat simplifies the realization of the trigger;
  • the use of a spring with constant return force makes it possible to increase the amount of electrical energy produced;
  • the use of a pair of stator and rotor pins makes it possible to have a mechanical unlocking in addition to the electronic unlocking of the lock.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une illustration schématique d'une serrure électronique en coupe verticale ;
  • la figure 2 est une illustration schématique en perspective d'un dispositif de récupération d'énergie de la serrure de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est un organigramme d'un procédé de fonctionnement de la serrure de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 4 à 7 sont des illustrations schématiques de différents états de fonctionnement du dispositif de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 8 est un graphe illustrant l'évolution de la force de rappel d'un ressort du dispositif de la figure 2 en fonction du déplacement d'une clef ;
  • la figure 9 est une illustration schématique d'un autre mode de réalisation, non protégé par le jeu de revendications, d'un dispositif de récupération d'énergie susceptible d'être utilisé dans la serrure de la figure 1 ; et
  • la figure 10 est une illustration schématique d'une butée unidirectionnelle utilisée dans le dispositif de la figure 9.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an electronic lock in vertical section;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic perspective illustration of an energy recovery device the lock of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a flowchart of a method of operation of the lock of the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 4 to 7 are schematic illustrations of different operating states of the device of the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 8 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the force of return of a spring of the device of the figure 2 depending on the movement of a key;
  • the figure 9 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment, not protected by the set of claims, of an energy recovery device that can be used in the lock of the figure 1 ; and
  • the figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a unidirectional stop used in the device of the figure 9 .

Dans ces figures les mêmes références sont utilisées pour désigner les mêmes éléments.In these figures the same references are used to designate the same elements.

Dans la suite de cette description, les caractéristiques et fonctions bien connues de l'homme du métier ne sont pas décrites en détail.In the remainder of this description, the features and functions well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail.

La figure 1 représente un barillet 2 d'une serrure à double barillets dont l'autre barillet n'est pas montré dans cette figure. Par exemple, cette serrure est identique à celle décrite dans la demande EP2412901 déposée au nom de la société COGELEC® sauf qu'elle comporte en plus un dispositif de récupération d'énergie décrit plus en détail en référence aux figures 2 et suivantes. Ce barillet 2 s'étend en profondeur le long d'une direction Z perpendiculaire à des directions horizontale et verticale, respectivement X et Y. Dans la suite de la description, les termes « inférieur », « supérieur », « au-dessus » et « au-dessous » sont définis en référence à la direction verticale Y.The figure 1 represents a barrel 2 of a double barrel lock, the other barrel is not shown in this figure. For example, this lock is identical to that described in the application EP2412901 filed in the name of the company COGELEC® except that it also includes an energy recovery device described in more detail with reference to figures 2 and following. This barrel 2 extends in depth along a direction Z perpendicular to horizontal and vertical directions, respectively X and Y. In the remainder of the description, the terms "lower", "upper", "above" and "below" are defined with reference to the vertical direction Y.

Les deux barillets sont logés de manière classique dans une porte (non montrée) et sont disposés symétriquement par rapport au plan moyen P de la porte. Les deux barillets sont positionnés et reliés de manière classique l'un à l'autre par une tige de liaison (non montrée) qui présente en son milieu un renflement servant d'entretoise pour maintenir un écartement prédéfini entre les deux barillets. Dans l'espace entre les deux barillets est disposé, de façon classique, un panneton (non montré) qui peut être entraîné en rotation par un rotor 4 de l'un ou l'autre des deux barillets lorsqu'une clé appropriée, par exemple une clé 5, est introduite dans un canal 6 du rotor 4 et tournée manuellement par un utilisateur. Ici, pour simplifier la figure 1, la clé 5 et le canal 6 sont représentés comme s'étendant essentiellement parallèlement au plan XZ. Toutefois, dans la réalité et dans ce mode de réalisation, la clé et le canal 6 s'étendent essentiellement parallèlement au plan YZ de sorte que c'est la tranche horizontale inférieure de la clé 5 qui coopère avec des goupilles de rotor.The two barrels are housed in a conventional manner in a door (not shown) and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the average plane P of the door. The two barrels are positioned and connected in a conventional manner to one another by a connecting rod (not shown) which has in its middle a bulge serving as a spacer to maintain a predefined spacing between the two barrels. In the space between the two barrels is arranged, conventionally, a bit (not shown) which can be rotated by a rotor 4 of one or the other of the two barrels when an appropriate key, for example a key 5 is introduced into a channel 6 of the rotor 4 and manually rotated by a user. Here, to simplify the figure 1 key 5 and channel 6 are shown extending substantially parallel to the XZ plane. However, in reality and in this embodiment, the key and the channel 6 extend substantially parallel to the YZ plane so that it is the lower horizontal slice of the key 5 which cooperates with rotor pins.

Lorsqu'il est entraîné en rotation par la clé 5 et le rotor 4, le panneton commande un mécanisme de serrure classique (non montré) qui provoque le déplacement d'au moins un pêne de la serrure dans un sens permettant l'ouverture de la porte ou dans un sens interdisant l'ouverture de la porte selon le sens de rotation de la clé 5.When rotated by the key 5 and the rotor 4, the bit controls a conventional lock mechanism (not shown) which causes the displacement of at least one bolt of the lock in a direction allowing the opening of the lock. door or in a direction prohibiting the opening of the door according to the direction of rotation of the key 5.

Le rotor 4 du barillet 2 est monté à rotation dans un stator profilé 7. Le stator 7 est lui-même logé dans un fourreau extérieur 8 ayant le même profil. Dans l'exemple, le stator 7 a un profil normalisé, dit « européen ». Toujours dans l'exemple, l'axe de rotation du rotor 4 est parallèle à la direction Z.The rotor 4 of the barrel 2 is rotatably mounted in a profiled stator 7. The stator 7 is itself housed in an outer sheath 8 having the same profile. In the example, the stator 7 has a standardized profile, called "European". Still in the example, the axis of rotation of the rotor 4 is parallel to the direction Z.

Le barillet 2 comporte de manière classique plusieurs paires de goupilles de stator et de rotor, qui sont disposées par paires, bout à bout, dans des paires correspondantes de logements alignés formés respectivement dans le stator 7 et dans le rotor 4. Étant donné que cet arrangement des goupilles de rotor et de stator est bien connu, celui-ci n'a pas été représenté pour simplifier la figure 1. Par exemple, ces paires de goupilles de stator et de rotor sont décrites dans la demande US2004/0089039 .The barrel 2 conventionally comprises several pairs of stator and rotor pins, which are arranged in pairs, end to end, in corresponding pairs of aligned housings respectively formed in the stator 7 and in the rotor 4. arrangement of the rotor and stator pins is well known, this one has not been shown to simplify the figure 1 . For example, these pairs of stator and rotor pins are described in the application US2004 / 0089039 .

La clé 5, qui a par exemple une section transversale sensiblement rectangulaire, présente sur au moins une de ses deux grandes faces, de préférence sur ses deux grandes faces, des empreintes et/ou des reliefs qui coopèrent avec les goupilles de rotor. Les empreintes et/ou les reliefs sont conformés et les longueurs des goupilles de rotor sont choisies de telle façon que, si une bonne clé 5 est introduite dans le canal 6 du rotor 4, l'interface entre chaque goupille de rotor et la goupille de stator associée se trouve exactement à l'interface entre le rotor 4 et le stator 7. Dans ces conditions, le rotor 4 peut être tourné manuellement à l'aide de la clé 5, sous réserve qu'un mécanisme 9 de verrouillage électrique autorise cette rotation.The key 5, which has for example a substantially rectangular cross section, has on at least one of its two large faces, preferably on its two large faces, indentations and / or reliefs which cooperate with the rotor pins. The imprints and / or the reliefs are consistent and the lengths rotor pins are chosen such that, if a good key 5 is inserted into the channel 6 of the rotor 4, the interface between each rotor pin and the associated stator pin is exactly at the interface between the rotor 4 and the stator 7. Under these conditions, the rotor 4 can be rotated manually using the key 5, provided that an electric locking mechanism 9 allows this rotation.

En effet, le barillet 2 comporte un organe supplémentaire de blocage 10 destiné à empêcher le rotor 4 de tourner tant qu'un code numérique approprié contenu dans une mémoire (non montrée) logée dans la clé 5 n'a pas été introduit dans un circuit électronique 12 logé dans le barillet 2. Sur la figure 1, le circuit 12 est disposé à l'extérieur du barillet 2 afin de simplifier les dessins. Ce circuit 12, lorsqu'il reçoit le code approprié, génère un ordre de déverrouillage électrique. Par exemple, il commande le mécanisme 9 pour permettre le déblocage du rotor 4.Indeed, the barrel 2 comprises an additional locking member 10 for preventing the rotor 4 from rotating as a suitable digital code contained in a memory (not shown) housed in the key 5 has not been introduced into a circuit 12 housed in the barrel 2. On the figure 1 , the circuit 12 is disposed outside the barrel 2 to simplify the drawings. This circuit 12, when it receives the appropriate code, generates an electric unlock command. For example, it controls the mechanism 9 to enable the unlocking of the rotor 4.

Par exemple, le code est transmis de la clé 5 au circuit électronique 12 de la serrure par voie hertzienne ou par l'intermédiaire de contacts électriques. Pour une transmission par voie hertzienne, de préférence, la clé 5 est équipée d'un transpondeur et le circuit 12 est équipé d'un lecteur de transpondeurs.For example, the code is transmitted from the key 5 to the electronic circuit 12 of the lock via radio relay or via electrical contacts. For transmission by radio, preferably, the key 5 is equipped with a transponder and the circuit 12 is equipped with a transponder reader.

Lorsque la clé 5 est introduite dans le canal 6 du rotor 4, le code numérique contenu dans la mémoire de la clé 5 est transmis au circuit 12. Par exemple, le circuit 12 compare alors le code transmis à au moins un code préenregistré dans une mémoire. En cas de concordance des deux codes, le circuit 12 génère l'ordre de déverrouillage électrique du mécanisme 9.When the key 5 is inserted into the channel 6 of the rotor 4, the digital code contained in the memory of the key 5 is transmitted to the circuit 12. For example, the circuit 12 then compares the transmitted code with at least one prerecorded code in a memory. In case of agreement between the two codes, the circuit 12 generates the electric unlocking command of the mechanism 9.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la serrure représentée sur les dessins, l'organe supplémentaire de blocage 10 est une goupille de stator qui coopère avec une goupille 18 de rotor correspondante de manière à ce que si la bonne clé est introduite dans le canal 6, l'interface entre ces deux goupilles se trouve exactement à l'interface du stator 7 et du rotor 4. Toutefois, contrairement aux autres goupilles de stator, l'organe de blocage 10 est prolongé par un téton conique 20, à sommet arrondi, qui est engagé dans un évidement tronconique correspondant 22 formé dans la goupille de rotor 18.In the embodiment of the lock shown in the drawings, the additional locking member 10 is a stator pin which cooperates with a corresponding rotor pin 18 so that if the correct key is inserted into the channel 6, the interface between these two pins is exactly at the interface of the stator 7 and the rotor 4. However, unlike the other stator pins, the locking member 10 is extended by a conical stud 20, with rounded apex, which is engaged in a corresponding frustoconical recess 22 formed in the rotor pin 18.

L'organe 10 est déplaçable entre une position de blocage (représentée sur la figure 1) dans laquelle il est en prise avec le rotor 4 pour bloquer sa rotation et une position escamotée dans laquelle il libère la rotation du rotor 4. A cet effet, l'organe 10 est monté coulissant dans un logement cylindrique 24 qui est formé dans le stator 7 et qui est aligné axialement avec un logement 26 dans le rotor 4 dans lequel coulisse la goupille 18 de rotor. L'organe 10 comprend par ailleurs une barrette transversale 28 qui est formée d'un seul tenant avec l'organe 10, à l'extrémité inférieure de celui-ci. Une des extrémités de la barrette 28 est conformée pour former un talon 29. Avantageusement, les deux côtés de la barrette 28 sont engagées et guidées dans des fentes (non représentées) formées dans la paroi du logement 24. Ces fentes empêchent l'organe de blocage 10 de tourner quand il se déplace dans le logement cylindrique 24.The member 10 is movable between a locking position (represented on the figure 1 ) in which it is engaged with the rotor 4 to block its rotation and a retracted position in which it releases the rotation of the rotor 4. For this purpose, the member 10 is slidably mounted in a cylindrical housing 24 which is formed in the stator 7 and which is aligned axially with a housing 26 in the rotor 4 in which slides the pin 18 of the rotor. The member 10 further comprises a transverse bar 28 which is formed integrally with the member 10 at the lower end thereof. One end of the bar 28 is shaped to form a heel 29. Advantageously, the two sides of the bar 28 are engaged and guided in slots (not shown) formed in the wall of the housing 24. These slots prevent the locking member 10 from rotating when it moves in the cylindrical housing 24.

Le mécanisme 9 et le circuit électronique 12 ont besoin d'être alimenté en électricité. Pour cela, la serrure comporte un dispositif 30 de récupération d'énergie logé à l'intérieur du barillet 2. Pour simplifier la figure 1, le dispositif 30 est représenté en dehors du barillet 2 sur cette figure. Ce dispositif 30 est apte à produire la quantité d'énergie électrique nécessaire pour alimenter le mécanisme 9 et le circuit électronique 12 à partir du mouvement de translation de la clé 5 lorsque celle-ci est introduite à l'intérieur du canal 6. Ici, l'énergie électrique nécessaire est produite avant même que la clé 5 ait commencé à tourner à l'intérieur du stator 7.The mechanism 9 and the electronic circuit 12 need to be supplied with electricity. For this, the lock comprises a device 30 for energy recovery housed inside the barrel 2. To simplify the figure 1 , the device 30 is shown outside the barrel 2 in this figure. This device 30 is able to produce the amount of electrical energy necessary to supply the mechanism 9 and the electronic circuit 12 from the translational movement of the key 5 when it is inserted inside the channel 6. Here, the necessary electrical energy is produced even before the key 5 has begun to rotate inside the stator 7.

Le dispositif 30 va maintenant être décrit plus en détail en référence à la figure 2.The device 30 will now be described in more detail with reference to the figure 2 .

Ce dispositif 30 comporte :

  • un ressort 40 pour accumuler, sous forme d'énergie potentielle, l'énergie cinétique de la clef 5 lors de son introduction dans le canal 6, et
  • un générateur 42 apte à transformer l'énergie potentielle stockée dans le ressort 40 en énergie électrique utilisée pour alimenter le circuit 12 et le mécanisme 9.
This device 30 comprises:
  • a spring 40 for accumulating, in the form of potential energy, the kinetic energy of the key 5 when it is introduced into the channel 6, and
  • a generator 42 capable of transforming the potential energy stored in the spring 40 into electrical energy used to supply the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.

Le ressort 40 est déplaçable par la translation de la clef 5 à l'intérieur du canal 6 entre :

  • un état relâché dans lequel l'énergie potentielle stockée est minimum, et
  • un état contraint dans lequel l'énergie potentielle stockée est maximale.
The spring 40 is displaceable by the translation of the key 5 inside the channel 6 between:
  • a relaxed state in which stored potential energy is minimum, and
  • a constrained state in which the potential energy stored is maximum.

A cet effet, une extrémité du ressort 40 est fixée à un point 46 d'ancrage immobile solidaire du stator 7. L'extrémité opposée du ressort 40 est fixée à un pion mobile 44. Par exemple, le pion 44 est un cylindre plein s'étendant parallèlement à la direction X.For this purpose, one end of the spring 40 is fixed to an immovable anchor point 46 integral with the stator 7. The opposite end of the spring 40 is fixed to a movable pin 44. For example, the pin 44 is a solid cylinder. extending parallel to direction X.

Ici, le ressort 40 est un ressort à spires. Dans son état contraint, le ressort 40 est plus tendu que dans son état relâché. La raideur de ce ressort 40 est constante ou telle que décrite plus en détail en référence à la figure 8.Here, the spring 40 is a coil spring. In its constrained state, the spring 40 is tighter than in its relaxed state. The stiffness of this spring 40 is constant or as described in more detail with reference to the figure 8 .

Le générateur 42 transforme un mouvement de rotation mécanique en énergie électrique utilisée par le circuit 12 et le mécanisme 9. A cet effet, il comporte un arbre 48 sur lequel est fixée, sans aucun degré de liberté, une roue crantée 50.The generator 42 converts a mechanical rotational movement into electrical energy used by the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9. For this purpose, it comprises a shaft 48 on which is fixed, without any degree of freedom, a toothed wheel 50.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, un volant d'inertie 52 est également fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur l'arbre 48. Ce volant 52 permet d'augmenter l'inertie de l'arbre 48 et donc de prolonger sa rotation après l'arrêt de son entraînement en rotation par le ressort 40.In this embodiment, a flywheel 52 is also fixed without any degree of freedom on the shaft 48. This flywheel 52 makes it possible to increase the inertia of the shaft 48 and thus to prolong its rotation after the stopping of its rotation drive by the spring 40.

Le générateur 42 comporte également un alternateur 54 mécaniquement raccordé à l'arbre 48 pour transformer la rotation de l'arbre 48 en énergie électrique alimentant le circuit 12 et le mécanisme 9. Par exemple, l'alternateur 54 est une machine à aimants permanents comme celle décrite dans la demande EP1 808 816 .The generator 42 also comprises an alternator 54 mechanically connected to the shaft 48 to transform the rotation of the shaft 48 into electrical energy supplying the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9. For example, the alternator 54 is a permanent magnet machine such as that described in the application EP1 808 816 .

Pour déplacer le ressort 40 de l'état relâché vers l'état contraint, le dispositif 30 comporte un taquet 60 et une gâchette 62.To move the spring 40 from the relaxed state to the constrained state, the device 30 includes a latch 60 and a trigger 62.

Le taquet 60 est déplaçable par la clef 5 entre :

  • une position proximale plus proche de l'ouverture du canal 6 que du fond de ce canal et,
  • une position distale plus proche du fond du canal que de l'ouverture de ce canal 6.
The cleat 60 is movable by the key 5 between:
  • a proximal position closer to the opening of the channel 6 than the bottom of this channel and,
  • a distal position closer to the bottom of the channel than the opening of this channel 6.

Ici, le fond du canal est l'extrémité du canal 6 opposée à son ouverture dans la direction Z.Here, the bottom of the channel is the end of the channel 6 opposite its opening in the direction Z.

A cet effet, le taquet 60 fait saillie à l'intérieur du canal 6 pour que l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 vienne directement en appui sur ce taquet 60 lors de son insertion dans le canal 6. Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 est plate et s'étend essentiellement dans le plan vertical XY.For this purpose, the cleat 60 projects inside the channel 6 so that the distal end of the key 5 comes directly on this latch 60 when it is inserted into the channel 6. In this embodiment, the The distal end of the key 5 is flat and extends essentially in the vertical plane XY.

Par exemple, le taquet 60 est un cylindre plein s'étendant parallèlement à la direction X. Dans ce mode de réalisation, il est mécaniquement relié sans aucun degré de liberté au pion 44.For example, the cleat 60 is a solid cylinder extending parallel to the direction X. In this embodiment, it is mechanically connected without any degree of freedom to the pin 44.

La gâchette 62 est déplaçable entre :

  • un état verrouillé dans lequel la gâchette relie mécaniquement la clef 5 au taquet 60 et le taquet 60 au pion 44, et
  • un état déverrouillé dans lequel la gâchette isole mécaniquement le taquet 60 de l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 pour que le ressort 40 puisse revenir dans son état relâché indépendamment du mouvement de la clef 5.
The trigger 62 is movable between:
  • a locked state in which the trigger mechanically connects the key 5 to the latch 60 and the latch 60 to the pin 44, and
  • an unlocked state in which the trigger mechanically isolates the latch 60 from the distal end of the key 5 so that the spring 40 can return to its relaxed state independently of the movement of the key 5.

La gâchette 62 est conformée pour basculer automatiquement de l'état verrouillé vers l'état déverrouillé au moment où le taquet 60 atteint sa position distale et cela sans consommer d'énergie électrique.The trigger 62 is shaped to automatically switch from the locked state to the unlocked state when the latch 60 reaches its distal position and without consuming any electrical energy.

Ici, la gâchette 62 est une pièce mécanique qui relie sans degré de liberté le taquet 60 au pion 44. Cette gâchette 62 est montée en rotation autour d'un axe 66 s'étendant parallèlement à la direction X. L'axe 66 est solidaire du stator 7 et situé en dessous du canal 6. Dans ces conditions, la trajectoire du taquet 60 entre sa position proximale et sa position distale à l'intérieur du canal 6 est un arc de cercle.Here, the trigger 62 is a mechanical part which connects the cleat 60 to the pin 44 without any degree of freedom. This trigger 62 is rotatably mounted about an axis 66 extending parallel to the direction X. The axis 66 is integral. of the stator 7 and located below the channel 6. Under these conditions, the trajectory of the cleat 60 between its proximal position and its distal position inside the channel 6 is a circular arc.

Le pion 44 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur la gâchette 62. Il est plus près de l'axe 66 que le taquet 60. Le pion 44 est excentré par rapport à l'axe 66 pour qu'un déplacement en rotation de la gâchette 62 étire le ressort 40, ce qui le fait passer de son état relâché vers son état contraint.The pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the trigger 62. It is closer to the axis 66 than the cleat 60. The pin 44 is eccentric with respect to the axis 66 so that a rotational movement of the trigger 62 stretches the spring 40, which makes it move from its relaxed state to its forced state.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la gâchette 62 est dans l'état verrouillé uniquement lors de la translation de la clef 5 dans le canal 6 entre les positions proximale et distale du taquet 60. Dans cet état verrouillé, le taquet 60 est en appui sur l'extrémité distale de la clef 5. Pour cela, la gâchette 62 est conformée pour que la force de rappel du ressort 40 sollicite en permanence le taquet 60 contre l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 lorsque ce taquet se déplace de sa position proximale vers sa position distale.In this embodiment, the trigger 62 is in the locked state only during the translation of the key 5 in the channel 6 between the proximal and distal positions of the cleat 60. In this locked state, the cleat 60 bears on the distal end of the key 5. For this, the trigger 62 is shaped so that the restoring force of the spring 40 permanently urges the stopper 60 against the distal end of the key 5 when the stopper moves from its proximal position towards its distal position.

Par exemple, ici, l'axe 66 est positionné pour que le pion 44 soit au-dessus d'un plan 67 (voir figures 5 et 6) passant par l'axe 66 et le point d'ancrage 46 tant que le taquet 60 se déplace de sa position proximale vers sa position distale. De plus, la position de l'axe 66 est choisie pour que le pion 44 traverse ce plan 67 au moment où le taquet 60 atteint sa position distale. Dès que le taquet 60 dépasse la position distale, le pion 44 passe sous le plan 67. Comme expliqué plus loin, on obtient ainsi un passage automatique de la gâchette 62 de son état verrouillé vers son état déverrouillé quand le taquet 60 atteint sa position distale.For example, here, the axis 66 is positioned so that the pin 44 is above a plane 67 (see Figures 5 and 6 ) passing through the axis 66 and the anchoring point 46 as the latch 60 moves from its proximal position to its distal position. In addition, the position of the axis 66 is chosen so that the pin 44 passes through this plane 67 at the moment the cleat 60 reaches its distal position. As soon as the stopper 60 exceeds the distal position, the pin 44 passes under the plane 67. As explained below, an automatic passage of the trigger 62 is thus obtained from its locked state to its unlocked state when the stopper 60 reaches its distal position. .

Dans la position déverrouillée de la gâchette 62, le ressort revient de son état contraint vers son état relâché indépendamment du déplacement de la clef 5. Cela libère donc la différence d'énergie potentielle entre ces deux états sous forme d'énergie cinétique, c'est-à-dire ici sous la forme d'un déplacement en rotation de la gâchette 62.In the unlocked position of the trigger 62, the spring returns from its forced state to its relaxed state independently of the movement of the key 5. This thus releases the potential energy difference between these two states in the form of kinetic energy. that is to say here in the form of a rotational movement of the trigger 62.

Pour transformer cette énergie cinétique en énergie électrique, la gâchette 62 comporte un secteur de roue cranté 68 propre à s'engrener avec la roue 50 uniquement dans l'état déverrouillé. De plus, le secteur cranté 68 est ici suffisamment petit pour se désengrener automatiquement de la roue crantée 50 avant que la gâchette 62 s'immobilise. Grâce à cela, l'arbre 48 peut continuer à tourner sous l'effet de son inertie et de celle du volant 52 et de la route 50 même après que la gâchette 62 se soit immobilisée.To convert this kinetic energy into electrical energy, the trigger 62 has a serrated wheel sector 68 adapted to mesh with the wheel 50 only in the unlocked state. In addition, the serrated sector 68 is here small enough to automatically disengage the toothed wheel 50 before the trigger 62 stops. With this, the shaft 48 can continue to rotate under the effect of its inertia and that of the steering wheel 52 and the road 50 even after the trigger 62 is immobilized.

Ici, le secteur cranté 68 s'étend depuis le taquet 60 dans le sens inverse au sens de rotation de la gâchette 62 sur un secteur angulaire inférieur à 220° ou 200° et, de préférence, inférieur à 180°. L'angle au sommet de ce secteur angulaire est situé sur l'axe 66. Ce secteur angulaire est solidaire de la gâchette 62. Pour simplifier cette figure et les figures suivantes, les dents ou crans du secteur cranté n'ont pas été représentés sur ces figures.Here, the serrated sector 68 extends from the latch 60 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the trigger 62 on an angular sector less than 220 ° or 200 ° and, preferably, less than 180 °. The angle at the apex of this angular sector is located on the axis 66. This angular sector is integral with the trigger 62. To simplify this figure and the following figures, the teeth or notches of the notched sector have not been represented on these figures.

En dehors du secteur angulaire où s'étend le secteur cranté 68, la gâchette 62 comprend uniquement une partie d'un moyeu 70 à l'intérieur duquel est monté l'axe 66. L'épaisseur de ce moyeu 70 est suffisamment restreinte pour qu'il ne fasse jamais saillie à l'intérieur du canal 6.Outside the angular sector where the toothed sector 68 extends, the trigger 62 comprises only a portion of a hub 70 inside which the shaft 66 is mounted. The thickness of this hub 70 is small enough that it never protrudes inside channel 6.

Avec une telle conformation, la gâchette 62 ne gêne pas la rotation du rotor 4, si une clef autorisée à déverrouiller la serrure 2 est introduite dans le canal 6.With such a conformation, the trigger 62 does not interfere with the rotation of the rotor 4, if a key authorized to unlock the lock 2 is inserted into the channel 6.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif 30 de récupération d'énergie va maintenant être décrit en référence au procédé de la figure 3 et à l'aide des figures 4 à 7. Sur les figures 4 à 7, la position du taquet 60 est représentée par transparence à travers la gâchette 62.The operation of the energy recovery device 30 will now be described with reference to the method of the figure 3 and with the help of Figures 4 to 7 . On the Figures 4 to 7 , the position of the catch 60 is represented by transparency through the trigger 62.

Initialement, lors d'une étape 78, le taquet 60 se trouve dans sa position proximale en saillie à l'intérieur du canal 6.Initially, during a step 78, the cleat 60 is in its proximal position projecting inside the channel 6.

Ensuite, lors d'une étape 80, un utilisateur introduit la clef 5 à l'intérieur du canal 6 en la poussant dans la direction d'insertion I parallèle à la direction Z. L'extrémité distale de cette clef vient alors en appui directement sur le taquet 60 (figure 4).Then, during a step 80, a user enters the key 5 inside the channel 6 by pushing it in the direction of insertion I parallel to the direction Z. The distal end of this key then bears directly on the cleat 60 ( figure 4 ).

Lors d'une étape 82, l'utilisateur continue à pousser la clef 5 à l'intérieur du canal 6 dans la direction d'insertion I. Cela déplace le taquet 60 de sa position proximale vers sa position distale (figure 5). Pendant ce déplacement, étant donné que le pion 44 est situé au-dessus du plan 67, la force de rappel exercée par le ressort 40 maintient le taquet 60 en appui sur l'extrémité distale de la clef 5. La gâchette 62 est donc dans son état verrouillé. Par conséquent, elle tourne dans le sens horaire en même temps que l'utilisateur enfonce la clef 5. Ce déplacement de la gâchette 62 déplace le ressort 40 de son état relâché vers son état contraint.During a step 82, the user continues to push the key 5 inside the channel 6 in the direction of insertion I. This moves the cleat 60 from its proximal position to its distal position ( figure 5 ). During this movement, since the pin 44 is located above the plane 67, the restoring force exerted by the spring 40 keeps the latch 60 bearing on the distal end of the key 5. The trigger 62 is therefore in its locked state. Therefore, it rotates clockwise at the same time that the user depresses the key 5. This movement of the trigger 62 moves the spring 40 from its relaxed state to its forced state.

Lors d'une étape 84, le taquet 60 atteint sa position distale. Dans le même temps, le ressort 40 atteint son état contraint. Ici, le ressort 40 est dimensionné pour être sûr que la différence ΔEP entre les énergies potentielles stockées dans les états relâché et contraint soit suffisante pour alimenter le circuit 12 et le mécanisme 9.In a step 84, the latch 60 reaches its distal position. At the same time, the spring 40 reaches its constrained state. Here, the spring 40 is dimensioned to be sure that the difference ΔE P between the potential energies stored in the relaxed and constrained states is sufficient to supply the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9.

Lors de l'étape 84, le pion 44 se trouve dans le plan 67.In step 84, the pin 44 is in the plane 67.

Lors d'une étape 86, le pion 44 franchit le plan 67. La force de rappel du ressort 40 fait alors tourner la gâchette 62 dans le sens horaire. Le taquet 60 se détache de l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 et revient, en tournant dans le sens horaire, vers sa position proximale (figure 6). Lors de ce déplacement, la différence ΔEP d'énergies potentielles stockée dans le ressort 40 est libérée sous forme d'énergie cinétique. Uniquement sur ce trajet de retour, le secteur cranté 68 s'engage, ici s'engrène, avec la roue crantée 50. Ainsi, l'énergie cinétique de la gâchette 62 est transmise à l'arbre 48 qui est entraîné en rotation.In a step 86, the pin 44 passes the plane 67. The restoring force of the spring 40 then turns the trigger 62 clockwise. The catch 60 is detached from the distal end of the key 5 and returns, by turning clockwise, towards its proximal position ( figure 6 ). During this displacement, the difference ΔE P of potential energies stored in the spring 40 is released as kinetic energy. Only on this return path, the serrated sector 68 engages, here meshes, with the toothed wheel 50. Thus, the kinetic energy of the trigger 62 is transmitted to the shaft 48 which is rotated.

Lors d'une étape 88, le taquet 60 vient en butée contre la tranche horizontale inférieure de la clef 5 (figure 7). Le mouvement de rotation de la gâchette 62 s'arrête et celle-ci s'immobilise. Au plus tard, en même temps et, ici avant, le secteur cranté 68 se désengage, ici se désengrène, de la roue crantée 50.During a step 88, the cleat 60 abuts against the lower horizontal edge of the key 5 ( figure 7 ). The rotational movement of the trigger 62 stops and it stops. At the latest, at the same time and, here before, the serrated sector 68 disengages, here disengages from the toothed wheel 50.

Par conséquent, lors d'une étape 90, l'arbre 48 continue à tourner sur lui-même à cause de son inertie et de l'inertie du volant 52 et de la roue 50.Consequently, during a step 90, the shaft 48 continues to turn on itself because of its inertia and the inertia of the flywheel 52 and the wheel 50.

En parallèle des étapes 86, 88 et 90, lors d'une étape 92, tant que l'arbre 48 tourne, l'alternateur 54 transforme cette rotation en énergie électrique.In parallel with the steps 86, 88 and 90, during a step 92, as the shaft 48 rotates, the alternator 54 transforms this rotation into electrical energy.

En parallèle de l'étape 92 ou après l'étape 92, lors d'une étape 94, l'énergie électrique produite par le générateur 42 est consommée par le circuit 12 et le mécanisme 9 pour autoriser et, en alternance interdire le déverrouillage de la serrure 2. Lorsque l'étape 94 est réalisée après l'étape 92, l'énergie électrique produite pendant l'étape 92 est d'abord stockée, par exemple dans un condensateur, pour être ensuite restituée au circuit 12 et au mécanisme 9.In parallel with step 92 or after step 92, during a step 94, the electrical energy produced by the generator 42 is consumed by the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9 to allow and alternately prohibit the unlocking of the lock 2. When step 94 is performed after step 92, the electrical energy produced during step 92 is first stored, for example in a capacitor, to be then restored to the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9 .

Enfin, lors d'une étape 96, l'utilisateur retire la clef 5. Le ressort 40 ramène alors le taquet 60 dans a position proximale et le procédé revient à l'étape 78.Finally, during a step 96, the user removes the key 5. The spring 40 then brings the cleat 60 back to the proximal position and the process returns to step 78.

Un prototype du dispositif 30 décrit ici a montré qu'il était possible de récupérer 30 mj en 100 ms et que la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre 48 était supérieure à 11000 tours/minute pendant ces 100ms.A prototype of the device 30 described here showed that it was possible to recover 30 mj in 100 ms and that the rotation speed of the shaft 48 was greater than 11000 rpm during these 100 ms.

La courbe 100 du graphe de la figure 8 représente un exemple de force de rappel exercée par un ressort à force de rappel constante sur la clef 5 lors de son introduction dans le canal 6. Ici, ce ressort est un ressort dont la raideur varie de façon non linéaire de manière à ce que la force de rappel exercée par ce ressort sur la clef 5 soit constante à plus ou moins 20 % ou plus ou moins 10 % près entre les positions proximale et distale du taquet 60. Sur le graphe de la figure 8, l'axe des abscisses représente le déplacement en millimètres de la clef 5 et l'axe des ordonnées représente la force exercée par le taquet 60 sur l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 en Newton. Ici, la force exercée sur la clé est d'environ 7 N. Ce mode de réalisation du ressort présente l'avantage de maximiser la quantité d'énergie qui peut être récupérée par le dispositif 30.The curve 100 of the graph of the figure 8 represents an example of restoring force exerted by a spring with constant restoring force on the key 5 during its insertion into the channel 6. Here, this spring is a spring whose stiffness varies non-linearly so that the restoring force exerted by this spring on the key 5 is constant to plus or minus 20% or more or less 10% between the proximal and distal positions of the catch 60. On the graph of the figure 8 the abscissa represents the displacement in millimeters of the key 5 and the ordinate axis represents the force exerted by the cleat 60 on the distal end of the key 5 in Newton. Here, the force exerted on the key is about 7 N. This embodiment of the spring has the advantage of maximizing the amount of energy that can be recovered by the device 30.

La figure 9 représente un dispositif 110 de récupération d'énergie utilisable à la place du dispositif 30. Ce dispositif 110 est identique au dispositif 30 sauf que la gâchette 62 est remplacée par une gâchette 112. La gâchette 112 est déplaçable, en réponse au franchissement par le taquet 60 de sa position distale :

  • d'un état verrouillé dans lequel elle relie mécaniquement la clef 5 au taquet 60 et le taquet 60 au pion 44, vers
  • un état déverrouillé dans lequel la gâchette 112 désolidarise mécaniquement le pion 44 du taquet 60.
The figure 9 represents a usable energy recovery device 110 in place of the device 30. This device 110 is identical to the device 30 except that the trigger 62 is replaced by a trigger 112. The trigger 112 is movable, in response to the crossing by the cleat 60 from its distal position:
  • a locked state in which it mechanically connects the key 5 to the latch 60 and the latch 60 to the pin 44, to
  • an unlocked state in which the trigger 112 mechanically disengages the pin 44 from the catch 60.

A cet effet, la gâchette 112 comporte deux parties mobiles 114 et 116. Le taquet 60 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur la partie mobile 114. Le pion 44 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur la partie mobile 116.For this purpose, the trigger 112 comprises two movable parts 114 and 116. The cleat 60 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the mobile part 114. The pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the movable part 116.

La partie 114 est par exemple montée à coulissement à l'intérieur d'une glissière 118. L'extrémité supérieure de cette partie 114 porte le taquet 60 tandis que l'extrémité inférieure de cette partie 114 porte une butée mobile 120.The portion 114 is for example slidably mounted inside a slideway 118. The upper end of this portion 114 carries the catch 60 while the lower end of this portion 114 carries a movable stopper 120.

La glissière 118 est réalisée dans le stator 7. Elle s'étend parallèlement au canal 6 de la position proximale jusqu'à la position distale du taquet 60. Au niveau de la position distale, la glissière 118 remonte vers le canal 6. Ainsi, la butée 120 se déplace parallèlement au canal 6 de la position proximale jusqu'à la position distale puis remonte lorsque la position distale est atteinte.The slideway 118 is formed in the stator 7. It extends parallel to the channel 6 from the proximal position to the distal position of the stopper 60. At the distal position, the slideway 118 rises towards the channel 6. Thus, the stop 120 moves parallel to the channel 6 from the proximal position to the distal position and then rises when the distal position is reached.

La butée 120 se déplace en même temps que le taquet 60 lorsque celui-ci est poussé par l'extrémité distale de la clef 5.The abutment 120 moves at the same time as the catch 60 when it is pushed by the distal end of the key 5.

La partie 116 comporte un bras de levier 122 qui pivote autour d'un axe fixe 124. Cet axe 124 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté dans le stator 7. L'extrémité supérieure du bras de levier 122 se termine par une butée unidirectionnelle mobile 126 en vis-à-vis de la buté mobile 120. Un exemple de réalisation de la butée 126 est décrit plus en détail en référence à la figure 10.The portion 116 includes a lever arm 122 which pivots about a fixed axis 124. This axis 124 is fixed without any degree of freedom in the stator 7. The upper end of the lever arm 122 ends with a movable unidirectional stop 126 opposite the movable stop 120. An embodiment of the stop 126 is described in more detail with reference to FIG. figure 10 .

La butée unidirectionnelle 126 est poussée par la butée mobile 120 dans la direction I lors de l'insertion de la clef 5 dans le canal 6 jusqu'à ce que le taquet 60 atteigne sa position distale. Au niveau de la position distale, la remontée de la butée 120 permet à la butée 126 de passer sous la butée 120. La gâchette 112 passe ainsi automatiquement de son état verrouillé vers son état déverrouillé.The unidirectional stop 126 is pushed by the movable stop 120 in the direction I during the insertion of the key 5 in the channel 6 until the stopper 60 reaches its distal position. At the distal position, the rise of the stop 120 allows the stop 126 to pass under the stop 120. The trigger 112 thus automatically switches from its locked state to its unlocked state.

Le pion 44 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur la partie 116. Cette partie 116 comporte également un secteur cranté 128 fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur le bras 122. La force de rappel du ressort 40 s'exerce sur le bras 122 de manière à le solliciter en permanence en rotation dans le sens anti-horaire.The pin 44 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the portion 116. This portion 116 also comprises a notched sector 128 fixed without any degree of freedom on the arm 122. The restoring force of the spring 40 is exerted on the arm 122 of in order to constantly urge it to rotate counter-clockwise.

Le secteur cranté 128 s'engrène avec la roue crantée 50 quand la gâchette 112 est dans son état déverrouillé. De préférence, à cet effet, le secteur cranté 128 est suffisamment court pour se désengrener de la roue crantée 50 avant ou en même temps que la butée mobile 126 atteint la position proximale. Sur la figure 9, la position du bras 122 dans la position proximale est représentée en pointillés.The notched sector 128 meshes with the toothed wheel 50 when the trigger 112 is in its unlocked state. Preferably, for this purpose, the toothed sector 128 is short enough to disengage from the toothed wheel 50 before or at the same time as the movable stop 126 reaches the proximal position. On the figure 9 the position of the arm 122 in the proximal position is shown in dotted lines.

Un ressort de rappel est prévu pour ramener la partie mobile 114 dans la position proximale quand l'utilisateur retire la clef 5 et pour remettre automatiquement la gâchette 112 dans son état verrouillé.A return spring is provided to return the movable portion 114 to the proximal position when the user removes the key 5 and to automatically reset the trigger 112 to its locked state.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif 110 se déduit des explications ci-dessus et du fonctionnement du dispositif 30.The operation of the device 110 is deduced from the explanations above and from the operation of the device 30.

La figure 10 représente un exemple de réalisation de la butée unidirectionnelle 126. La butée unidirectionnelle 126 remplit la fonction de butée uniquement lorsqu'elle est poussée dans la direction I par la butée 120. Dans le sens inverse, elle s'escamote automatiquement pour laisser passer la butée 120. A cet effet, elle comporte une lame 140 déplaçable entre :

  • une position active où elle fait face à la butée 120, et
  • une position escamotée où elle s'efface pour laisser passer la butée 120.
The figure 10 represents an exemplary embodiment of the unidirectional stopper 126. The unidirectional stop 126 fulfills the stop function only when it is pushed in the direction I by the stop 120. In the opposite direction, it automatically retracts to let the stop 120. For this purpose, it comprises a blade 140 movable between:
  • an active position where it faces the stop 120, and
  • a retracted position where it disappears to let the stop 120.

Par exemple, la lame 140 est déplaçable en rotation autour d'un axe 142 fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur le bras 122. Un bec 144 est également fixé sans aucun degré de liberté sur le bras 122 pour empêcher la lame 140 de tourner dans le sens horaire lorsqu'elle est dans sa position active. Enfin, un moyen de rappel, non représenté, sollicite en permanence la lame 140 vers sa position active. Dès lors, lorsque la butée mobile 120 pousse la butée 126 dans la direction I, la lame 140 est bloquée dans sa position active par le bec 144. A l'inverse, si la butée mobile 120 pousse la butée 126 dans la direction opposée à la direction I, la lame 140 tourne de sa position active vers sa position escamotée à l'encontre de la force de rappel du moyen de rappel. La butée 126 laisse donc passer la butée 120. Une fois que la butée 120 est passée, la lame revient automatiquement dans sa position active sous l'effet de la force de rappel.For example, the blade 140 is rotatable about an axis 142 fixed without any degree of freedom on the arm 122. A spout 144 is also attached without any degree of freedom on the arm 122 to prevent the blade 140 from rotating in clockwise when in its active position. Finally, a return means, not shown, constantly urges the blade 140 to its active position. Therefore, when the movable stop 120 pushes the stop 126 in the direction I, the blade 140 is locked in its active position by the nose 144. Conversely, if the movable stop 120 pushes the stop 126 in the opposite direction to the direction I, the blade 140 rotates from its active position to its retracted position against the restoring force of the return means. The stop 126 therefore passes the stop 120. Once the stop 120 is passed, the blade automatically returns to its active position under the effect of the restoring force.

De nombreux autres modes de réalisation sont possibles. Par exemple, le rotor 4 est omis si le déverrouillage de la serrure est uniquement autorisé et, en alternance inhibé, par le circuit électronique, et qu'aucun verrouillage/déverrouillage mécanique n'est utilisé.Many other embodiments are possible. For example, the rotor 4 is omitted if the unlocking of the lock is only allowed and, in alternation inhibited by the electronic circuit, and that no mechanical locking / unlocking is used.

Le déplacement du taquet n'est pas forcément en arc de cercle à l'intérieur du canal 6. Il peut s'agir d'une translation horizontale le long de la direction Z. Il peut aussi s'agir d'un déplacement vertical parallèle à la direction Y. Dans ce cas, par exemple, l'extrémité distale de la clef 5 se termine par un plan incliné qui permet de déplacer verticalement le taquet 60.The displacement of the cleat is not necessarily in an arc inside the channel 6. It may be a horizontal translation along the Z direction. It may also be a parallel vertical displacement In this case, for example, the distal end of the key 5 terminates in an inclined plane which allows the cleat 60 to be displaced vertically.

Dans la position verrouillée, le taquet 60 peut être directement en contact avec le clé 5 ou non. Par exemple, le canal 6 comporte une pièce intermédiaire interposée entre l'extrémité distale de la clé et le taquet 60 dans la position verrouillée. Cette pièce intermédiaire est montée en translation le long de la direction Z et déplacée par l'extrémité distale. Lorsqu'elle se déplace vers le fond du canal 6 elle pousse le taquet 60. Par exemple, cette pièce intermédiaire est conformée pour obstruer la section transversale du canal 6 et ainsi empêcher que l'on puisse accéder simplement au taquet 60 depuis l'ouverture du canal.In the locked position, the latch 60 can be in direct contact with the key 5 or not. For example, the channel 6 has an intermediate piece interposed between the distal end of the key and the latch 60 in the locked position. This intermediate piece is mounted in translation along the Z direction and moved by the distal end. When it moves towards the bottom of the channel 6 it pushes the cleat 60. For example, this intermediate piece is shaped to obstruct the cross section of the channel 6 and thus prevent that one can simply access the cleat 60 from the opening of the canal.

Le taquet 60 peut aussi être déplacé entre ses positions proximale et distale par un relief ou un creux ménagé sur une face latérale de la clef.Cleat 60 may also be moved between its proximal and distal positions by a relief or recess on a side face of the key.

D'autres types de ressort qu'un ressort à spires sont utilisables pour stocker de l'énergie potentielle. Par exemple, le ressort 40 peut être remplacé par un ressort à gaz. Il peut également être remplacé par une lame ressort et, de préférence, une lame ressort à deux états stables. Typiquement, les extrémités d'une lame ressort à deux états stables sont ancrées à des points fixes. Dans l'un de ces états stables, la lame ressort est incurvée dans un sens et dans l'autre de ces états stables, la lame est incurvée dans l'autre sens. Elle passe brusquement de l'un de ses états stables vers l'autre.Other types of spring than a coil spring are usable for storing potential energy. For example, the spring 40 may be replaced by a gas spring. It can also be replaced by a spring blade and, preferably, a spring blade has two stable states. Typically, the ends of a leaf spring to two stable states are anchored at fixed points. In one of these stable states, the leaf spring is curved in one direction and the other of these stable states, the blade is curved in the other direction. It passes abruptly from one of its stable states to the other.

De nombreux autres modes de réalisation sont possibles pour le générateur 42. Par exemple, l'alternateur 54 peut être remplacé par une machine dynamoélectrique. L'alternateur 54 peut être aussi remplacé par un élément piézoélectrique, par exemple une lame piézoélectrique entraînée en vibration ou par tout autre moyen.Many other embodiments are possible for the generator 42. For example, the alternator 54 can be replaced by a dynamoelectric machine. The alternator 54 can also be replaced by a piezoelectric element, for example a piezoelectric plate driven by vibration or by any other means.

Le volant d'inertie 52 peut être omis.The flywheel 52 can be omitted.

Dans une autre variante, le secteur cranté de la gâchette reste en permanence engrené avec la roue 50.In another variant, the notched sector of the trigger remains permanently meshed with the wheel 50.

L'entraînement de la roue 50 en rotation par la gâchette peut être réalisé différemment. Par exemple, une courroie de transmission est utilisée pour transmettre le mouvement de rotation de la gâchette 62 à l'arbre 48. Cette transmission de mouvement peut alors être réalisée sans engrenage.The drive of the wheel 50 rotated by the trigger can be performed differently. For example, a transmission belt is used to transmit the rotational movement of the trigger 62 to the shaft 48. This motion transmission can then be performed without gearing.

Le secteur de roue cranté 68 peut être remplacé par un secteur de roue de friction dépourvu de crans de sorte que l'engagement du secteur de roue avec l'arbre 48 se fasse par friction. A cet effet, par exemple, la roue 50 est remplacée par une roue de friction. Dans le cas où le secteur et la roue ne sont pas cranté, la position qui correspond à celle où le secteur 68 est engrené avec la roue 50 est appelée « position engagée » et la position qui correspond à celle où le secteur 68 est désengrené de la roue 50 est appelée « position désengagée ».The toothed wheel sector 68 may be replaced by a friction wheel sector without detents so that engagement of the wheel sector with the shaft 48 is by friction. For this purpose, for example, the wheel 50 is replaced by a friction wheel. In the case where the sector and the wheel are not notched, the position corresponding to the one where the sector 68 is meshed with the wheel 50 is called "engaged position" and the position corresponding to that where the sector 68 is désengrené of the wheel 50 is called "disengaged position".

Le dispositif 30 ou 110 peut être utilisé pour alimenter en électricité qu'un seul du circuit 12 et du mécanisme 9. Le dispositif 30 ou 110 peut aussi être utilisé en complément d'une autre source d'énergie électrique.The device 30 or 110 may be used to supply electricity to only one of the circuit 12 and the mechanism 9. The device 30 or 110 may also be used in addition to another source of electrical energy.

Claims (8)

  1. Electronic lock, intended to be controlled by a key comprising electronic means for controlling the unlocking of the lock, the lock comprising:
    - a channel (6) comprising an opening inside which the key has to be introduced, and a bottom towards which the key has to be pushed to control the unlocking of the lock,
    - an electronic access control circuit (12) capable of authorizing the unlocking of the lock if the key introduced into the channel (6) is an authorized key and, alternatively, of preventing the unlocking of the lock if the key introduced into the channel (6) is an unauthorized key,
    - a spring (40) that can be deformed between:
    • a relaxed state where the potential energy stored in this spring (40) is minimal, and
    • a constrained state where the potential energy stored in this spring (40) is maximal,
    - a generator (42) capable of transforming the kinetic energy released by the spring (40) when it is deformed from the constrained state to the relaxed state, into electrical energy specifically for powering the electronic access control circuit (12),
    - a latch (60) protruding into the channel (6) and that can be displaced by the introduction of the key into the channel, (6), the latch (60) being able to be displaced by the key between a proximal position, closer to the opening of the channel (6) than the bottom of the channel (6) and,
    a distal position, closer to the bottom of the channel (6) than the opening of the channel (6), and
    - a tumbler (62) that can be displaced, in response to the crossing by the latch (60) of its distal position:
    • from a locked state in which the tumbler (62) mechanically links the spring (40) to the latch (60) and the latch (60) to the key, to drive the deformation of the spring (40) from the relaxed state to the constrained state when the latch (60) is displaced from its proximal position to its distal position, to
    • an unlocked state where the tumbler (62) mechanically separates the spring (40) from the latch (60) or the latch (60) from the key to drive the deformation of the spring (40) from the constrained state to the relaxed state independently of the displacement of the key, the tumbler (62) being mounted to rotate about an axis (66) at right angles to the plane in which the channel (6) extends and driven in rotation by the latch (60), this tumbler (62) comprising a slug (44) that is eccentric relative to its axis of rotation and to which is fixed one end of the spring (40), the other end of the spring (40) being fixed to a fixed anchoring point (46) on the stator,
    characterized in that the slug (44) is positioned relative to the axis (66) of rotation in such a way that:
    - in the locked state of the tumbler (62), the slug (44) is situated on one side of a plane (67) passing through the axis (66) of rotation and the anchoring point (46) such that the return force of the spring (40) opposes the introduction of the key into the channel (6) as long as the latch (60) has not reached its distal position, and
    - the slug (44) is situated in this plane (67) at the moment when the latch (60) is in its distal position such that the crossing by the latch (60) of its distal position thus causes the tumbler (62) to toggle automatically from its locked state to its unlocked state.
  2. Lock according to Claim 1, in which the generator (42) comprises a shaft (48), and the tumbler comprises a wheel segment (68) that can be displaced in rotation between:
    - a disengaged position in which the wheel segment (68) is mechanically independent of the shaft (48), and
    - an engaged position in which the wheel segment (68) is mechanically linked to the shaft (48) to drive it in rotation,
    - this wheel segment (68) being arranged so as to be in its disengaged position as long as the tumbler (62) is in its locked position.
  3. Lock according to Claim 2, in which the wheel segment (68) extends only within an angular segment whose vertex angle is sufficiently small to provoke the toggling automatically from the engaged position to the disengaged position even before the wheel segment (68) is immobilized when the tumbler (62) returns from its unlocked position to its locked position.
  4. Lock according to Claim 3, in which the wheel segment (68) of the tumbler (62) is mounted to rotate about the axis of rotation (66) and the angle at the vertex of the angular segment is less than 220° or 180°, this angular segment being secured to the tumbler (62) and its vertex being situated on the axis of rotation.
  5. Lock according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, in which the wheel segment (68) is mounted to rotate about the axis of rotation and the latch (60) and the slug (44) are fixed with no degree of freedom to this wheel segment (68).
  6. Lock according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the stiffness of the spring (40) is sufficient for the quantity of energy released when the spring (40) passes from its constrained state to its relaxed state to be greater than or equal to the quantity of energy necessary to power the electronic circuit (12).
  7. Lock according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the spring (40) is a spring with constant return force, that is to say a spring for which the return force exerted on the key between the proximal and distal positions of the latch is constant to within plus or minus 15%.
  8. Lock according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the lock comprises:
    - a stator (7) and a rotor (4) mounted to rotate in this stator, the channel (6) for the key being formed inside the rotor (4) and,
    - pairs of stator and rotor pins, which are arranged in pairs, end to end, in corresponding pairs of aligned housings respectively formed in the stator (7) and the rotor (4) such that the interface between each rotor pin and the corresponding pin of the associated stator is located exactly at the interface between the rotor (4) and the stator (7) to allow the rotation of the rotor (4) inside the stator (7) when an authorized key is introduced into the channel (6).
EP14152773.9A 2013-02-07 2014-01-28 Electronic lock Active EP2765264B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1351038A FR3001752B1 (en) 2013-02-07 2013-02-07 ELECTRONIC LOCK

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2765264A1 EP2765264A1 (en) 2014-08-13
EP2765264B1 true EP2765264B1 (en) 2017-01-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14152773.9A Active EP2765264B1 (en) 2013-02-07 2014-01-28 Electronic lock

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EP (1) EP2765264B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3001752B1 (en)

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EP4239148A1 (en) * 2022-03-03 2023-09-06 EVVA Sicherheitstechnologie GmbH Locking device

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FR3048991B1 (en) 2016-03-18 2020-12-25 Cogelec SET FOR UNLOCKING A ROOM ACCESS DOOR
EP3533955B1 (en) 2018-03-02 2020-11-04 Assa Abloy AB Electronic locking system with energy harvesting arrangement
CN108915377B (en) * 2018-06-27 2023-05-12 周强 Passive lock core
DE102020117853B4 (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-03-03 Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh Mechatronic lock and key system
FR3126726B1 (en) 2021-09-09 2023-07-28 Cogelec Method of supplying an electronic cylinder of a lock
FR3126725B1 (en) 2021-09-09 2023-07-28 Cogelec electronic key
FR3132374B1 (en) 2022-02-03 2024-02-16 Cogelec Process for controlling access to buildings
FR3132373B1 (en) 2022-02-03 2024-01-05 Cogelec Process for controlling access to buildings
FR3132372B1 (en) 2022-02-03 2023-12-22 Cogelec Process for controlling access to buildings
FR3134836B1 (en) 2022-04-21 2024-05-31 Cogelec Bolt mechanism actuation system
FR3134837B1 (en) 2022-04-21 2024-05-24 Cogelec Bolt mechanism actuation system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2765264A1 (en) 2014-08-13
FR3001752B1 (en) 2015-05-29
FR3001752A1 (en) 2014-08-08

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