EP1847342B1 - Method and device for gas protection of production facilities for hot forming - Google Patents

Method and device for gas protection of production facilities for hot forming Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1847342B1
EP1847342B1 EP07007544.5A EP07007544A EP1847342B1 EP 1847342 B1 EP1847342 B1 EP 1847342B1 EP 07007544 A EP07007544 A EP 07007544A EP 1847342 B1 EP1847342 B1 EP 1847342B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
continuous furnace
protective gas
press
pressing chamber
production facility
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EP07007544.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1847342A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Mahlo
Gerd Waning
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Priority claimed from EP06017998A external-priority patent/EP1847341A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J17/00—Forge furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/085—Accessories for handling work or tools handling of tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot forming of metals consisting of a continuous furnace, the continuous furnace is heated via nozzles, a press with press room and a closed transport channel between the continuous furnace and the press room, said the metal is heated in the continuous furnace, transferred via the transport channel in the press with press room and formed there and cooled simultaneously, and a device according to the preamble of claim 10 for carrying out the method.
  • a method and apparatus for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot forming for example, from JP-A-58157543 known.
  • the punched metal parts are heated in a continuous furnace, which is heated by a firing by means of jet pipes, up to the temperature range of the austenite.
  • the hot metal parts are transferred from the continuous furnace in a press with press room and pressed there in their respective form.
  • the press operates at a lower temperature (for example room temperature) so that the workpieces are cooled in a controlled manner during the forming.
  • the combination of the shaping of the hot materials and their controlled cooling results in increased strength with less weight compared to cold forming.
  • the newer method can be dispensed with the sandblasting of the deformed material, however, the aluminum-clad material is significantly more expensive than conventional material.
  • the scale formation is avoided only on the material surface, but not on the cutting edges of the blanking of the sheets, so that here also a post-processing is required.
  • the present invention has for its object a method and an apparatus for performing the method in such a way that the scale formation is avoided in the hot working at the cutting edges of the sheets and can be dispensed with the sandblasting operation even with conventional materials, without transport channel and Overheat press.
  • the protective gas is fed completely or partially via the press room and / or via the transport channel in the continuous furnace, wherein the press is connected to press room on the closed transport channel with the continuous furnace, so that a closed inert gas atmosphere of Furnace inlet to the press room is formed and the metal is led out of the inert gas atmosphere only after the forming and cooling.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to expand the protective gas atmosphere to the transport path and the press room while avoiding the overheating of the transport channel and press. This is achieved by the supply of the still cold shielding gas via the press room and / or the closed transport channel and the removal of the deformed metal from the protective gas atmosphere after forming. As a result, the workpiece comes into contact with oxygen only after the forming and cooling and no non-adherent scale layer forms.
  • By feeding the protective gas into the press room it is possible to counteract the pumping action which is generated by the press moving up and down.
  • the protective gas is fed in equal parts via the press room and / or transport channel in the continuous furnace and directly at the end of the continuous furnace in the continuous furnace.
  • the continuous furnace is connected to the press room via the closed transport channel.
  • the deformed metal is removed in a removal device via a lock down.
  • a lock contamination of the protective gas atmosphere by the atmosphere outside the production plant (usually air) is avoided.
  • the formed metal is passed after forming and cooling in the lock, in which protective gas atmosphere prevails. With a removal through the lock down only a small air leakage occurs in the lock, without contaminating the protective gas atmosphere in the remaining part of the production plant.
  • the lock is flushed with inert gas before the next opening to the press room.
  • the deformed metal is removed horizontally to the rear using a manipulator. During the removal, the otherwise closed door is opened, thereby increasing the protective gas supply. Also in this embodiment, the deformed metal is discharged from the production plant, without causing contamination of the protective gas atmosphere of the production plant.
  • the use of a removal to the rear proves to be particularly favorable at some locations of the production plant. An increase in the inert gas supply ensures that the contamination of the protective gas atmosphere is minimized by the removal of the deformed metal.
  • the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere in the rear region of the continuous furnace is preferably set via an atmosphere control circuit.
  • the composition of the atmosphere in the continuous furnace is analyzed and controlled by measuring the carbon dioxide content with a suitable measuring probe, preferably an infrared analyzer.
  • the ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide is a very good and well-known measure of the quality of the atmosphere in terms of its oxidation and decarburisation effect.
  • the high-pressure lance has a specially designed nozzle, at which the nitrogen carrier gas mixes under high pressure with the hydrocarbon-containing gas (see DE102004047985 ).
  • the hydrocarbons of the hydrocarbon-containing gas supplied, in particular natural gas or propane, react with moisture present in the continuous furnace and carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen and thus reduce the carbon dioxide content and dew point of the protective gas atmosphere. Due to the high injection effect of the high-pressure lances optimum mixing and a homogeneous inert gas atmosphere is achieved, which is a prerequisite for the determination of the carbon level of the metal parts by the common methods.
  • a module comprising punch and die of the press, exchanged.
  • a simple and quick change of the desired shape of the formed metal is possible.
  • the punch of the press is guided from below against the die.
  • the supply of the protective gas is controlled so that a net flow of gas from the continuous furnace sets in the direction of the press. This avoids that contamination created during the service intervention with Oxygen in the transport channel or in the press room in the continuous furnace are pressed.
  • the adjustment of the direction of the net gas flow can be made by a suitable feed point in the transport channel.
  • the stated object is achieved in that the production plant has at least one supply of the protective gas in the press room and / or a supply of the protective gas in the transport channel and the entire production system is gas-tight or nearly gas-tight with respect to the environment.
  • the production plant has at least one supply of the protective gas in the press room and / or the transport channel and at least one supply of the protective gas at the end of the continuous furnace.
  • the means for removing the shaped metal is advantageously provided as a lock with at least one gas-tight door to the press room and at least one gas-tight door to the environment of the production plant, the door opens down to the environment of the production plant
  • the door opens to the environment of the device to the rear, where there is a device for automatic removal of the deformed metal (manipulator).
  • a device for controlling the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere and at least one high-pressure lance for supplying hydrocarbon-containing gas, in particular natural gas or propane, are preferably located in the rear region of the continuous furnace.
  • the device for controlling the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere comprises a measuring probe, preferably an infrared analyzer, which is suitable for determining the carbon dioxide content, and an automatic control of the supplied amount of hydrocarbon-containing gas.
  • the entire device is expediently with gas-tight service flaps to the environment of the production plant as well as with a gas-tight door between continuous furnace and Transport channel equipped to prevent the annealing atmosphere by an inevitable air intrusion during maintenance work.
  • the production plant has a compact module, which stamp and die of the press comprises and can be completely replaced.
  • the punch is movable from below against the above fixed die. By operating the press overhead, i. Stamp from below against the stationary die, is counteracted heating of the hydraulic oil.
  • the present invention succeeds in avoiding scale formation in the hot forming of metals without the need to use expensive aluminum-clad materials.
  • the workpiece in the protective gas atmosphere until the completion of the deformation and cooling not only the surfaces, but also the cutting edges resulting from the punching are protected.
  • the overheating of transport channel and press by the hot inert gas atmosphere from the continuous furnace is avoided.
  • the stamped metal is heated in the jet pipe heated continuous furnace (1) and then passed through a closed transport channel (2) in the press (3), where the deformation takes place with simultaneous controlled cooling.
  • a closed transport channel (2) in the press (3) In the entire closed system (continuous furnace (1), transport channel (2) and press (3)) there is a low-oxygen inert gas atmosphere.
  • the workpiece is executed via a lock from the removal device (4) down. By taking it down, there is only a slight air leakage into the lock and the lock can be flushed very easily and with little gas before re-loading.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Production of a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot deforming metals comprises injecting the protective gas completely or partially into a continuous furnace (1) via a pressing chamber (3) and/or via a transport channel (2). A press with the pressing chamber is connected to the furnace via the transport channel so that a closed protective gas atmosphere is produced from the furnace inlet up to the pressing chamber and the metal is guided from the atmosphere only after deforming and cooling. An independent claim is also included for a device for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot deforming metals.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zur Erzeugung einer Schutzgasatmosphäre in einer Produktionsanlage zur Warmumformung von Metallen bestehend aus einem Durchlaufofen, wobei der Durchlaufofen über Strahlrohre beheizt wird, einer Presse mit Pressenraum und einem geschlossenen Transportkanal zwischen dem Durchlaufofen und dem Pressenraum, wobei das Metall im Durchlaufofen erhitzt, über den Transportkanal in die Presse mit Pressenraum überführt und dort umgeformt und gleichzeitig abgekühlt wird, sowie eine Vorrichtung gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10 zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot forming of metals consisting of a continuous furnace, the continuous furnace is heated via nozzles, a press with press room and a closed transport channel between the continuous furnace and the press room, said the metal is heated in the continuous furnace, transferred via the transport channel in the press with press room and formed there and cooled simultaneously, and a device according to the preamble of claim 10 for carrying out the method.

Ein Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Schutzgasatmosphäre in einer Produktionsanlage zur Warmumformung sind zum Beispiel aus der JP-A-58157543 bekannt.A method and apparatus for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production plant for hot forming, for example, from JP-A-58157543 known.

In der Automobilindustrie werden nicht nur tiefgezogene Bleche, sondern auch Bauteile mit größeren Wandstärken und höherer Festigkeit verarbeitet, die zum Beispiel als Seitenaufprallschutz in den Türen benötigt werden. Derartige Bleche haben häufig eine komplexe Form und müssen aufgrund ihrer späteren Funktion hohe Ansprüche bezüglich ihrer Stoßfestigkeit erfüllen. Als Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechen komplexer Form und hoher Festigkeit hat sich die Warmumformung in der Praxis etabliert.In the automotive industry not only deep-drawn sheets but also components with larger wall thicknesses and higher strength are processed, which are needed for example as side impact protection in the doors. Such sheets often have a complex shape and must meet high demands regarding their impact resistance due to their later function. As a method for producing sheets of complex shape and high strength, hot working has been established in practice.

Bei diesem Verfahren werden die ausgestanzten Metallteile in einem Durchlaufofen, welcher über eine Befeuerung mittels Strahlrohre beheizt wird, bis in den Temperaturbereich des Austenits erwärmt. Die heißen Metallteile werden vom Durchlaufofen in eine Presse mit Pressenraum überführt und dort in ihre jeweilige Form gepresst. Die Presse arbeitet bei einer niedrigeren Temperatur (zum Beispiel Raumtemperatur), so dass die Werkstücke während der Umformung kontrolliert abgekühlt werden. Die Kombination aus der Formgebung der heißen Materialien und ihrer kontrollierten Abkühlung führt zu einer erhöhten Festigkeit bei geringerem Gewicht im Vergleich zur Kaltumformung.In this method, the punched metal parts are heated in a continuous furnace, which is heated by a firing by means of jet pipes, up to the temperature range of the austenite. The hot metal parts are transferred from the continuous furnace in a press with press room and pressed there in their respective form. The press operates at a lower temperature (for example room temperature) so that the workpieces are cooled in a controlled manner during the forming. The combination of the shaping of the hot materials and their controlled cooling results in increased strength with less weight compared to cold forming.

Die Durchführung des Verfahrens mit Metall ohne eine spezielle Oberflächenvorbehandlung muss in einer sauerstofffreien Atmosphäre erfolgen, da andernfalls die heiße Materialoberfläche oxidiert. Dieser Prozess wird als Verzunderung bezeichnet. Nach dem Stand der Technik herrscht im Durchlaufofen eine Schutzgasatmosphäre ohne freien Sauerstoff. Das Schutzgas im Ofenraum muss dabei so gewählt werden, dass nicht nur der Verzunderung sondern auch der Entkohlung des Metallteiles entgegengewirkt wird. Eine Entkohlung des Metallteiles, das heißt ein Sinken des so genannten Kohlenstoffpegels durch Effusion von Kohlenstoff aus dem Metallteil in die Gasatmosphäre , würde sich ungünstig auf die Materialeigenschaften, wie zum Beispiel Stoßfestigkeit, auswirken. Als Schutzgas wird nach dem Stand der Technik ein überwiegend Stickstoff enthaltendes Gas mit einem Zusatz von Kohlenwasserstoffen wie zum Beispiel Endogas gewählt. Hier existieren im Stand der Technik Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Kohlenstoffpegels.The procedure with metal without a special surface pretreatment must be carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere, otherwise the hot material surface oxidizes. This process is called scaling. According to the state of the art prevails in the continuous furnace a protective gas atmosphere without free oxygen. The protective gas in the furnace chamber must be chosen so that not only the scaling but also the decarburization of the metal part is counteracted. Decarburization of the metal part, that is to say a sinking of the so-called carbon level by effusion of carbon from the metal part into the gas atmosphere, would have an adverse effect on the material properties, such as impact resistance. As a protective gas, a predominantly nitrogen-containing gas with an addition of hydrocarbons such as endogas is selected according to the prior art. Here, in the prior art, there are methods for determining the carbon level.

Während des Transports des Werkstücks vom Durchlaufofen zur Presse in normaler Atmosphäre ist das Werkstück jedoch hinreichend lange in Kontakt mit Sauerstoff, so dass sich auf dem Werkstück vor der Verformung eine nicht mehr festsitzende Zunderschicht gebildet hat. Diese Zunderschicht muss vor der Weiterverarbeitung (Rostschutz, Lackierung oder ähnliches) mit Hilfe eines Sandstrahlverfahrens entfernt werden (siehe zum Beispiel M. Suehiro et al. "Properties of Aluminium-coated Steels for Hot-forming" Nippon Steel Technical Report 88, 16-21 (2003 )).During the transport of the workpiece from the continuous furnace to the press in a normal atmosphere, however, the workpiece is in contact with oxygen for a sufficiently long time, so that a no longer adherent scale layer has formed on the workpiece before deformation. This scale layer must be removed before further processing (rust protection, painting or the like) using a sandblasting process (see for example M. Suehiro et al. "Properties of Aluminum-coated Steels for Hot-Forming" Nippon Steel Technical Report 88, 16-21 (2003 )).

Eine Ausdehnung der Schutzgasatmosphäre vom Durchlaufofen über den Transportweg bis zur Presse wird im Stand der Technik nicht in Erwägung gezogen. Bei einem Strahlrohr beheizten Durchlaufofen wird durch Verbrennung Wärme erzeugt. Diese Wärme wird hauptsächlich über Wärmestrahlung in den Ofen und auf das Metallteil übertragen. Das heißt, der Ofen wird von mindestens einem Strahlrohr durchzogen, in welches die heißen Gase der Verbrennung geführt werden. Dadurch wird das Strahlrohr erwärmt, welches über die gängigen Mechanismen des Wärmetransports die Atmosphäre des Durchlaufofens und das darin befindliche Metallteil erwärmt. Die Schutzgasatmosphäre im Ofenraum ist somit naturgemäß sehr heiß. Eine Ausdehnung der Schutzgasatmosphäre über den Ofenraum hinaus auf den Transportweg und die Verformung würde die Funktion des Verfahrens der Warmumformung in Frage stellen. Durch die heiße Schutzgasatmosphäre würden Transportweg und Presse überhitzen, wodurch ein kontrolliertes Abkühlen mit der Verformung unmöglich würde.An expansion of the protective gas atmosphere from the continuous furnace via the transport path to the press is not considered in the prior art. In a radiant tube heated continuous furnace is generated by combustion heat. This heat is transferred mainly by heat radiation in the furnace and on the metal part. That is, the furnace is crossed by at least one jet pipe into which the hot gases of the combustion are conducted. As a result, the jet pipe is heated, which heats the atmosphere of the continuous furnace and the metal part therein through the usual mechanisms of heat transfer. The protective gas atmosphere in the furnace chamber is thus naturally very hot. Extending the inert gas atmosphere beyond the furnace space to the transport path and the deformation would jeopardize the function of the hot forming process. The hot inert gas atmosphere would overheat the transport path and the press, which would make controlled cooling impossible with the deformation.

In einem neueren Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik wird Aluminium plattiertes Material mit einer hohen Hitzebeständigkeit eingesetzt, wodurch völlig auf den Einsatz von Schutzgas verzichtet werden kann. Das verformte Material weist eine hohe Rostbeständigkeit und Festigkeit auf ( M. Suehiro et al. "Properties of Aluminium-coated Steels for Hot-forming" Nippon Steel Technical Report 88, 16-21 (2003 )).In a recent method of the prior art, aluminum clad material having a high heat resistance is used, thereby completely relying on the use can be dispensed with inert gas. The deformed material has a high rust resistance and strength ( M. Suehiro et al. "Properties of Aluminum-coated Steels for Hot-Forming" Nippon Steel Technical Report 88, 16-21 (2003 )).

In dem neueren Verfahren kann auf das Sandstrahlen des verformten Materials verzichtet werden, allerdings ist das Aluminium plattierte Material deutlich teurer als herkömmliches Material. Zusätzlich wird die Zunderbildung nur an der Materialoberfläche, aber nicht an den Schnittkanten vom Ausstanzen der Bleche vermieden, so dass hier ebenfalls eine Nachbearbeitung erforderlich ist.In the newer method can be dispensed with the sandblasting of the deformed material, however, the aluminum-clad material is significantly more expensive than conventional material. In addition, the scale formation is avoided only on the material surface, but not on the cutting edges of the blanking of the sheets, so that here also a post-processing is required.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens derart auszugestalten, dass die Zunderbildung bei der Warmumformung auch an den Schnittkanten der Bleche vermieden wird und auch bei herkömmlichen Materialen auf den Arbeitsgang des Sandstrahlens verzichtet werden kann, ohne Transportkanal und Presse zu überhitzen.The present invention has for its object a method and an apparatus for performing the method in such a way that the scale formation is avoided in the hot working at the cutting edges of the sheets and can be dispensed with the sandblasting operation even with conventional materials, without transport channel and Overheat press.

Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensseitig erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das Schutzgas vollständig oder teilweise über den Pressenraum und/oder über den Transportkanal in den Durchlaufofen eingespeist wird, wobei die Presse mit Pressenraum über den geschlossenen Transportkanal mit dem Durchlaufofen verbunden ist, so dass eine geschlossene Schutzgasatmosphäre vom Ofeneinlass bis zum Pressenraum entsteht und das Metall erst nach der Umformung und Abkühlung aus der Schutzgasatmosphäre geführt wird.This object is achieved procedurally according to the invention that the protective gas is fed completely or partially via the press room and / or via the transport channel in the continuous furnace, wherein the press is connected to press room on the closed transport channel with the continuous furnace, so that a closed inert gas atmosphere of Furnace inlet to the press room is formed and the metal is led out of the inert gas atmosphere only after the forming and cooling.

Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, die Schutzgasatmosphäre auf den Transportweg und den Pressenraum auszudehnen und gleichzeitig die Überhitzung von Transportkanal und Presse zu vermeiden. Dies gelingt durch die Zuführung des noch kalten Schutzgases über den Pressenraum und/oder den geschlossenen Transportkanal und der Entnahme des umgeformten Metalls aus der Schutzgasatmosphäre nach der Umformung. Dadurch gelangt das Werkstück erst nach der Umformung und Abkühlung in Kontakt mit Sauerstoff und es bildet sich keine nicht festsitzende Zunderschicht aus. Durch die Einspeisung des Schutzgases in den Pressenraum gelingt es, der Pumpwirkung, welche von der sich auf und ab bewegenden Presse erzeugt wird, entgegen zu wirken. Außerdem verhindert die Zuführung des noch kalten Schutzgases in den Pressenraum und/oder den Transportkanal eine zu starke Erwärmung der Presse und des Transportkanals durch die heiße Schutzgasatmosphäre im Durchlaufofen. Die gleichzeitige kontrollierte Abkühlung und Verformung des Metallteiles wird möglich.The basic idea of the invention is to expand the protective gas atmosphere to the transport path and the press room while avoiding the overheating of the transport channel and press. This is achieved by the supply of the still cold shielding gas via the press room and / or the closed transport channel and the removal of the deformed metal from the protective gas atmosphere after forming. As a result, the workpiece comes into contact with oxygen only after the forming and cooling and no non-adherent scale layer forms. By feeding the protective gas into the press room, it is possible to counteract the pumping action which is generated by the press moving up and down. In addition, the supply of the still cold inert gas in the press room and / or prevented Transport channel too high heating of the press and the transport channel through the hot inert gas atmosphere in a continuous furnace. The simultaneous controlled cooling and deformation of the metal part is possible.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Schutzgas zu gleichen Teilen über den Pressenraum und/oder Transportkanal in den Durchlaufofen und direkt am Ende des Durchlaufofens in den Durchlaufofen eingespeist. Der Durchlaufofen ist über den geschlossenen Transportkanal mit dem Pressenraum verbunden. Durch die Einspeisung des Schutzgases auch direkt in den Durchlaufofen wird eine gute Verwirbelung der Atmosphäre im Durchlaufofen und somit eine optimale und homogene Durchmischung des Schutzgases im Durchlaufofen erreicht. Eine homogene Schutzgasatmosphäre erlaubt die Anwendung der Standardverfahren zur Analyse der Schutzgasatmosphäre und somit zur Bestimmung des Kohlenstoffpegels der MetallteileAccording to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the protective gas is fed in equal parts via the press room and / or transport channel in the continuous furnace and directly at the end of the continuous furnace in the continuous furnace. The continuous furnace is connected to the press room via the closed transport channel. By feeding the protective gas directly into the continuous furnace, a good turbulence of the atmosphere in the continuous furnace and thus an optimal and homogeneous mixing of the protective gas in the continuous furnace is achieved. A homogeneous inert gas atmosphere allows the use of standard methods for the analysis of the inert gas atmosphere and thus for determining the carbon level of the metal parts

Vorteilhafterweise wird das umgeformte Metall in einer Entnahmeeinrichtung über eine Schleuse nach unten entnommen. Durch die Entnahme des umgeformten Metalls über eine Schleuse wird eine Verunreinigung der Schutzgasatmosphäre durch die Atmosphäre außerhalb der Produktionsanlage (meist Luft) vermieden. Das umgeformte Metall wird nach Umformung und Abkühlung in die Schleuse geführt, in welcher Schutzgasatmosphäre herrscht. Bei einer Entnahme über die Schleuse nach unten tritt nur ein geringer Lufteinbruch in die Schleuse auf, ohne die Schutzgasatmosphäre im restlichen Teil der Produktionsanlage zu verunreinigen. Nach der Entnahme des umgeformten Metalls wird die Schleuse vor der nächsten Öffnung zum Pressenraum mit Schutzgas gespült.Advantageously, the deformed metal is removed in a removal device via a lock down. By removing the formed metal via a lock, contamination of the protective gas atmosphere by the atmosphere outside the production plant (usually air) is avoided. The formed metal is passed after forming and cooling in the lock, in which protective gas atmosphere prevails. With a removal through the lock down only a small air leakage occurs in the lock, without contaminating the protective gas atmosphere in the remaining part of the production plant. After removal of the deformed metal, the lock is flushed with inert gas before the next opening to the press room.

In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das umgeformte Metall mit Hilfe eines Manipulators horizontal nach hinten entnommen. Während der Entnahme wird die ansonsten geschlossene Tür geöffnet und dabei die Schutzgaszufuhr erhöht. Auch in dieser Ausgestaltung wird das umgeformte Metall aus der Produktionsanlage ausgeschleust, ohne das es zu einer Verunreinigung der Schutzgasatmosphäre der Produktionsanlage kommt. Der Einsatz einer Entnahme nach hinten erweist sich dabei an einigen Standorten der Produktionsanlage als besonders günstig. Eine Erhöhung der Schutzgaszufuhr stellt sicher, dass die Verunreinigung der Schutzgasatmosphäre durch die Entnahme des umgeformten Metalls minimiert wird.In another embodiment of the invention, the deformed metal is removed horizontally to the rear using a manipulator. During the removal, the otherwise closed door is opened, thereby increasing the protective gas supply. Also in this embodiment, the deformed metal is discharged from the production plant, without causing contamination of the protective gas atmosphere of the production plant. The use of a removal to the rear proves to be particularly favorable at some locations of the production plant. An increase in the inert gas supply ensures that the contamination of the protective gas atmosphere is minimized by the removal of the deformed metal.

Bevorzugt wird der Kohlendioxidgehalt der Schutzgasatmosphäre im hinteren Bereich des Durchlaufofens über einen Atmosphärenregelkreislauf eingestellt. Im hinteren Bereich des Durchlaufofens wird die Zusammensetzung der Atmosphäre im Durchlaufofen durch eine Messung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes mit einer geeigneten Messsonde, bevorzugt ein Infrarot-Analysator, analysiert und geregelt. Das Verhältnis von Kohlendioxid zu Kohlenmonoxid ist ein sehr gutes und bekanntes Maß für die Güte der Atmosphäre bezüglich ihrer Oxidations- und Entkohlungswirkung.The carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere in the rear region of the continuous furnace is preferably set via an atmosphere control circuit. In the rear area of the continuous furnace, the composition of the atmosphere in the continuous furnace is analyzed and controlled by measuring the carbon dioxide content with a suitable measuring probe, preferably an infrared analyzer. The ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide is a very good and well-known measure of the quality of the atmosphere in terms of its oxidation and decarburisation effect.

Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist sich die Regelung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes über einen Atmosphärenregelkreislauf unter Zufuhr von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas, insbesondere Erdgas oder Propan, über mindestens eine Hochdrucklanze am Ende des Durchlaufofens. Die Hochdrucklanze besitzt eine speziell ausgeführte Düse, an der sich das Trägergas Stickstoff unter hohem Druck mit dem kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas vermischt (siehe DE102004047985 ). Die Kohlenwasserstoffe des zugeführten kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Gases, insbesondere Erdgas oder Propan, reagieren mit im Durchlaufofen vorhandener Feuchtigkeit und Kohlendioxid unter Bildung von Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff und reduzieren so den Kohlendioxidgehalt und Taupunkt der Schutzgasatmosphäre. Durch die hohe Injektionswirkung der Hochdrucklanzen werden eine optimale Durchmischung und eine homogene Schutzgasatmosphäre erreicht, was Voraussetzung für die Bestimmung des Kohlenstoffpegels der Metallteile nach den gängigen Verfahren ist.Particularly advantageous is the control of the carbon dioxide content via an atmosphere control circuit with supply of hydrocarbon-containing gas, in particular natural gas or propane, proves via at least one high-pressure lance at the end of the continuous furnace. The high-pressure lance has a specially designed nozzle, at which the nitrogen carrier gas mixes under high pressure with the hydrocarbon-containing gas (see DE102004047985 ). The hydrocarbons of the hydrocarbon-containing gas supplied, in particular natural gas or propane, react with moisture present in the continuous furnace and carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen and thus reduce the carbon dioxide content and dew point of the protective gas atmosphere. Due to the high injection effect of the high-pressure lances optimum mixing and a homogeneous inert gas atmosphere is achieved, which is a prerequisite for the determination of the carbon level of the metal parts by the common methods.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird bei Wechsel der gewünschten Form des umgeformten Metalls ein Modul, welches Stempel und Matrize der Presse umfasst, ausgetauscht. Durch den Austausch eines kompletten Moduls ist ein einfacher und schneller Wechsel der gewünschten Form des umgeformten Metalls möglich.Conveniently, when changing the desired shape of the formed metal, a module comprising punch and die of the press, exchanged. By replacing a complete module, a simple and quick change of the desired shape of the formed metal is possible.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Stempel der Presse von unten gegen die Matrize geführt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the punch of the press is guided from below against the die.

Vorteilhafterweise wird nach einem Serviceeingriff am Transportkanal und/oder der Presse oder nach Modulwechsel der Presse die Zufuhr des Schutzgases so geregelt, dass sich ein Nettogasfluss vom Durchlaufofen in Richtung Presse einstellt. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass während des Serviceeingriffs entstandene Verschmutzungen mit Sauerstoff im Transportkanal oder im Pressenraum in den Durchlaufofen gedrückt werden. Die Einstellung der Richtung des Nettogasflusses kann durch eine geeignete Einspeisestelle im Transportkanal erfolgen.Advantageously, after a service intervention on the transport channel and / or the press or after module change of the press, the supply of the protective gas is controlled so that a net flow of gas from the continuous furnace sets in the direction of the press. This avoids that contamination created during the service intervention with Oxygen in the transport channel or in the press room in the continuous furnace are pressed. The adjustment of the direction of the net gas flow can be made by a suitable feed point in the transport channel.

Vorrichtungsseitig wird die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Produktionsanlage mindestens eine Zuführung des Schutzgases in den Pressenraum und/oder eine Zuführung des Schutzgases in den Transportkanal aufweist und die gesamte Produktionsanlage gasdicht oder nahezu gasdicht gegenüber der Umgebung abgeschlossen ist.On the device side, the stated object is achieved in that the production plant has at least one supply of the protective gas in the press room and / or a supply of the protective gas in the transport channel and the entire production system is gas-tight or nearly gas-tight with respect to the environment.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung verfügt die Produktionsanlage über mindestens eine Zuführung des Schutzgases im Pressenraum und/oder den Transportkanal und mindestens eine Zuführung des Schutzgases am Ende des Durchlaufofens.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the production plant has at least one supply of the protective gas in the press room and / or the transport channel and at least one supply of the protective gas at the end of the continuous furnace.

Die Einrichtung zur Entnahme des geformten Metalls ist als Schleuse vorteilhafterweise mit mindestens einer gasdichten Tür zum Pressenraum und mindestens einer gasdichte Tür zur Umgebung der Produktionsanlage ausgestattet, wobei die Tür zur Umgebung der Produktionsanlage nach unten öffnetThe means for removing the shaped metal is advantageously provided as a lock with at least one gas-tight door to the press room and at least one gas-tight door to the environment of the production plant, the door opens down to the environment of the production plant

In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung öffnet die Tür zur Umgebung der Vorrichtung nach hinten, wo sich eine Einrichtung zur automatischen Entnahme des umgeformten Metalls befindet (Manipulator).In another embodiment of the invention, the door opens to the environment of the device to the rear, where there is a device for automatic removal of the deformed metal (manipulator).

Bevorzugt befinden sich im hinteren Bereich des Durchlaufofens eine Einrichtung zur Regelung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes der Schutzgasatmosphäre sowie mindestens eine Hochdrucklanze zur Zufuhr von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas, insbesondere Erdgas oder Propan. Die Einrichtung zur Regelung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes der Schutzgasatmosphäre umfasst eine Messsonde, bevorzugt einen Infrarot-Analysator, die zur Bestimmung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes geeignet ist, und eine automatische Regelung der zugeführten Menge an kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas.A device for controlling the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere and at least one high-pressure lance for supplying hydrocarbon-containing gas, in particular natural gas or propane, are preferably located in the rear region of the continuous furnace. The device for controlling the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere comprises a measuring probe, preferably an infrared analyzer, which is suitable for determining the carbon dioxide content, and an automatic control of the supplied amount of hydrocarbon-containing gas.

Zur Durchführung von Wartungsarbeiten ist die gesamte Vorrichtung zweckmäßigerweise mit gasdichten Serviceklappen zur Umgebung der Produktionsanlage ebenso wie mit einer gasdichten Tür zwischen Durchlaufofen und Transportkanal ausgestattet, um die Glühatmosphäre durch einen zwangsläufigen Lufteinbruch bei Wartungsarbeiten nicht zu verändern.To perform maintenance, the entire device is expediently with gas-tight service flaps to the environment of the production plant as well as with a gas-tight door between continuous furnace and Transport channel equipped to prevent the annealing atmosphere by an inevitable air intrusion during maintenance work.

Bevorzugt weist die Produktionsanlage ein kompaktes Modul auf, welches Stempel und Matrize der Presse umfasst und komplett ausgetauscht werden kann. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Stempel von unten gegen die oben feststehende Matrize beweglich. Durch den Betrieb der Presse über Kopf, d.h. Stempel von unten gegen die feststehende Matrize, wird einer Erwärmung des Hydrauliköls entgegen gewirkt.Preferably, the production plant has a compact module, which stamp and die of the press comprises and can be completely replaced. In a further embodiment of the invention, the punch is movable from below against the above fixed die. By operating the press overhead, i. Stamp from below against the stationary die, is counteracted heating of the hydraulic oil.

Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung gelingt es insbesondere Zunderbildung bei der Warmumformung von Metallen zu vermeiden, ohne dass teure Aluminium plattierte Materialien verwendet werden müssen. Durch das Verbleiben des Werkstückes in der Schutzgasatmosphäre bis zum Abschluss der Verformung und Abkühlung sind nicht nur die Oberflächen, sondern auch die beim Ausstanzen entstandenen Schnittkanten geschützt. Die Überhitzung von Transportkanal und Presse durch die heiße Schutzgasatmosphäre aus dem Durchlaufofen wird vermieden.In particular, the present invention succeeds in avoiding scale formation in the hot forming of metals without the need to use expensive aluminum-clad materials. By keeping the workpiece in the protective gas atmosphere until the completion of the deformation and cooling not only the surfaces, but also the cutting edges resulting from the punching are protected. The overheating of transport channel and press by the hot inert gas atmosphere from the continuous furnace is avoided.

Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand des in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.In the following, the invention is based on the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail.

Das ausgestanzte Metall wird in dem Strahlrohr beheizten Durchlaufofen (1) erwärmt und anschließend über einen geschlossenen Transportkanal (2) in die Presse (3) geführt, wo die Verformung bei gleichzeitiger kontrollierter Abkühlung stattfindet. In dem gesamten geschlossenen System (Durchlaufofen (1), Transportkanal (2) und Presse (3)) herrscht eine sauerstoffarme Schutzgasatmosphäre. Die Einspeisung des Schutzgases (5) erfolgt über den Pressenraum (3) und am Ende des Durchlaufofens (1). Nach erfolgter Verformung und Abkühlung wird das Werkstück über eine Schleuse aus der Entnahmeeinrichtung (4) nach unten ausgeführt. Durch die Entnahme nach unten kommt es nur zu einem geringen Lufteinbruch in die Schleuse und die Schleuse kann vor dem erneuten Beschicken sehr leicht und mit wenig Gas ausgespült werden.The stamped metal is heated in the jet pipe heated continuous furnace (1) and then passed through a closed transport channel (2) in the press (3), where the deformation takes place with simultaneous controlled cooling. In the entire closed system (continuous furnace (1), transport channel (2) and press (3)) there is a low-oxygen inert gas atmosphere. The feeding of the protective gas (5) via the press room (3) and at the end of the continuous furnace (1). After the deformation and cooling, the workpiece is executed via a lock from the removal device (4) down. By taking it down, there is only a slight air leakage into the lock and the lock can be flushed very easily and with little gas before re-loading.

Claims (19)

  1. Method for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production facility for the hot forming of metals, comprising a continuous furnace (1), the continuous furnace being heated by means of radiant tubes, a press with a pressing chamber (3) and a closed transporting channel (2) between the continuous furnace and the pressing chamber, the metal being heated in the continuous furnace (1), transferred via the transporting channel (2) into the press with the pressing chamber (3) and subjected there to a forming operation while at the same time being cooled, characterized in that the protective gas is completely or partially fed into the continuous furnace (1) via the pressing chamber (3) and/or via the transporting channel (2), the press with the pressing chamber (3) being connected to the continuous furnace (1) via the closed transporting channel (2), so that a closed protective gas atmosphere is created from the furnace inlet to the pressing chamber and the metal is only brought out from the protective gas atmosphere after the forming and cooling.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the protective gas is fed into the continuous furnace in equal parts via the pressing chamber (3) and/or the transporting channel (2) and is fed into the continuous furnace (2) directly at the end of the continuous furnace.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the formed metal is removed downwards in a removal device (4) via an airlock.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the formed metal is removed horizontally rearwards with the aid of a manipulator in a removal device (4) via an airlock, the supply of protective gas being increased during the removal.
  5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere in the rear region of the continuous furnace (1) is set by means of an atmosphere control circuit.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control of the carbon dioxide content by means of an atmosphere control circuit takes place with hydrocarbon-containing gas, in particular natural gas or propane, being supplied via at least one high-pressure lance at the end of the continuous furnace (1).
  7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, when there is a change in the desired form of the formed metal, a module which comprises the punch and die of the press is exchanged.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the punch of the press is brought up against the die from below.
  9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, after a service intervention at the transporting channel and/or the press or after a change of module of the press, the supply of the protective gas is controlled such that a net gas flow from the continuous furnace in the direction of the press is obtained.
  10. Apparatus for producing a protective gas atmosphere in a production facility for the hot forming of metals, comprising a continuous furnace (1), the continuous furnace being heated by means of radiant tubes, a press with a pressing chamber (3) and a closed transporting channel (2) between the continuous furnace and the pressing chamber, the metal being heated in the continuous furnace (1), transferred via the transporting channel (2) into the press with the pressing chamber (3) and subjected there to a forming operation while at the same time being cooled, characterized in that the production facility has at least one feed for the protective gas into the pressing chamber (3) and/or one feed for the protective gas into the transporting channel and the entire production facility is closed off from the surroundings in a gastight or virtually gastight manner.
  11. Apparatus according to Claim 10, characterized in that the production facility has at least one feed for the protective gas into the pressing chamber (3) and/or the transporting channel (2) and at least one feed for the protective gas at the end of the continuous furnace (1).
  12. Apparatus according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the production facility has a device for the removal of the formed metal (4) with at least one gastight door to the pressing chamber and at least one gastight door to the surroundings of the apparatus.
  13. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the door to the surroundings of the production facility opens downwards.
  14. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the door to the surroundings of the production facility opens rearwards, where there is a device for the automatic removal of the formed metal (manipulator).
  15. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that there is in the rear region of the continuous furnace (1) a device for controlling the carbon dioxide content of the protective gas atmosphere.
  16. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 15, characterized in that there is in the rear region of the continuous furnace (1) at least one high-pressure lance for supplying hydrocarbon-containing gas, in particular natural gas or propane.
  17. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 16, characterized in that the entire production facility is equipped with gastight service flaps to the surroundings of the production facility and similarly with a gastight door between the continuous furnace and the transporting channel for maintenance purposes.
  18. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the production facility has a module which comprises the punch and die of the press and can be completely exchanged.
  19. Apparatus according to one of Claims 10 to 18, characterized in that the punch is movable such that it can be brought up against the upwardly fixed die from below.
EP07007544.5A 2006-04-20 2007-04-12 Method and device for gas protection of production facilities for hot forming Not-in-force EP1847342B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07007544.5A EP1847342B1 (en) 2006-04-20 2007-04-12 Method and device for gas protection of production facilities for hot forming

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006018383 2006-04-20
EP06017998A EP1847341A1 (en) 2006-04-20 2006-08-29 Method and device for the protective gassing of hot forging plants
EP07007544.5A EP1847342B1 (en) 2006-04-20 2007-04-12 Method and device for gas protection of production facilities for hot forming

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EP1847342A1 EP1847342A1 (en) 2007-10-24
EP1847342B1 true EP1847342B1 (en) 2013-11-20

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012001335B4 (en) * 2012-01-25 2017-07-27 Elisabeth Braun Warmumformeinrichtung
CN102717023A (en) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-10 江苏金源锻造股份有限公司 Natural gas heating furnace

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822162A (en) * 1952-05-05 1958-02-04 Surface Combustion Corp Metal article treating apparatus
US2944500A (en) * 1954-10-22 1960-07-12 Rohr Aircraft Corp Machine for forming sheet metal
GB818427A (en) * 1957-01-09 1959-08-19 Martin Van Marle Improvements in or relating to continuous reheating furnaces
US3503240A (en) * 1966-08-01 1970-03-31 James R Lawler Heat treating method and apparatus
US3698219A (en) * 1971-05-10 1972-10-17 United Aircraft Corp Apparatus for forging
CH593732A5 (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
JPS56111528A (en) * 1980-02-12 1981-09-03 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method for interchanging press die of press machine
JPS58157543A (en) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-19 Goto Tanko Kk Forging method
JPS58157544A (en) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-19 Goto Tanko Kk Forging method

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